US Airspace A History
|
|
- Domenic Woods
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 US Airspace A History The Federal airway system began in 1927, when the Department of Commerce acquired the transcontinental airway from the U.S. Postal Service. All airspace was uncontrolled, there were no real provisions for instrument flying, and very few airplanes. The only navaids defining that first airway were lighted beacons, and those, along with the airfields along the route, were what the Department of Commerce took over. As more airplanes began to fly in and out of major cities, traffic became more of a problem. Sometimes observers on the ground helped coordinate takeoffs and landings, and the first radio-equipped control tower opened in 1930 in Cleveland. Jimmy Doolittle demonstrated the first completely blind flight in September of 1929, and by 1933 the science of instrument flying had developed to the point that the Bureau of Air Commerce offered an instrument rating for pilots Joseph J. Zubay 04/23/13 Page 1 of 5 Pages
2 The first air traffic control facility was formed by four airlines in 1935 to coordinate their traffic around Newark, New Jersey. American, Eastern, TWA, and United worked together to provide separation for instrument traffic. When the government took over air traffic control a few months later, there were two additional centers, in Chicago, Illinois and Cleveland, Ohio. The Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA) was created in 1938, but did not take over the control of air traffic at airports until They took over control of the airways in With no radar, no transponders, and few radio navaids, it must have been quite a challenge to keep airplanes safely separated, especially with thousands of military airplanes swarming through the system in support of the war effort. The system of IFR flight plans, airways, position reports, and clearances is the basis of today s ATC system. To keep IFR traffic under ATC control all the way to the ground, a five-mile cylinder of controlled airspace was created around IFR airports, reaching up to the overlying airway. This "control zone" restricted VFR flights during bad weather, allowing the IFR flights to make their approaches without fear of collision. To allow IFR letdowns to begin farther from the airport, transition areas were created. These extended controlled airspace a few miles outward from the control zone, but still excluded the airspace below 700 feet AGL Joseph J. Zubay 04/23/13 Page 2 of 5 Pages
3 After World War II, the number of commercial and private flights grew even more. All IFR trips were flown along the airways, and except for the airways and the area immediately surrounding airports equipped for IFR arrivals and departures, the rest of the nation s airspace was uncontrolled. Since most general aviation airplanes were not equipped for IFR flying, there was little conflict between VFR and IFR traffic. The simple rules for cruising altitudes kept VFR and IFR traffic separated by at least 500 feet, and all pilots kept their eyes open in VMC to avoid other traffic. Airways were eight miles wide and linked radio range stations. There were no restrictions on the use of controlled airspace by VFR pilots, so long as visual separation was maintained. As aircraft speeds increased and jets began to enter service, the capabilities of the old air traffic system were rapidly outgrown. A United DC-7 and a TWA Super Constellation collided over the Grand Canyon in 1956, emphasizing the inadequacy of the system Joseph J. Zubay 04/23/13 Page 3 of 5 Pages
4 The CAA became the FAA in 1958, when it was separated from the Department of Commerce to become an independent agency. By then, VORs were replacing the old four-course radio ranges, and radar was in use at major airports. The new VOR airways were called Victor airways, to distinguish them from the colored airways that linked four-course radio ranges. At busier airports, both VFR and IFR traffic came under ATC control. Although most airliners had radios, most of the traffic still consisted of general aviation airplanes, and most of them didn t have radios. The control towers could use radio or light gun signals to control traffic. In the 1960s and 1970s, ATC radar expanded to cover most of the continental U.S., giving controllers a real-time view of the traffic. The FAA felt that any traffic above 18,000 feet should be under positive control, that is, monitored and directed by ATC, so pilots were required to be instrument rated and on IFR flight plans. This Positive Control Airspace was renamed Class A airspace in The omnidirectional nature of VOR signals allowed pilots unprecedented freedom to create their own radio navigation routes, independent of the established 2006 Joseph J. Zubay 04/23/13 Page 4 of 5 Pages
5 airways. As navigation equipment such as RNAV, Loran, and INS came into use, pilots often abandoned the published airways to navigate directly from point to point. In the late 1970s, almost all the uncontrolled airspace in between the standard low-altitude airways was changed to Class E, leaving only the 1,200 feet just above the ground as Class G. As this was happening, traffic at the busiest airports had become almost unmanageable. With jetliners streaming into the airports at hundreds of knots, the controllers needed to organize and sequence them at greater distances from the airports. The old airport traffic areas and control zones were expanded and regulated. First, airplanes without radios were made unwelcome, then airplanes without transponders, then those without altitude-encoding transponders. The upsidedown wedding cake arrangement at major terminals allowed airline traffic to descend below 10,000 feet AGL as much as 25 or 30 miles from the airport, without the concerns of seeing and avoiding VFR traffic that might not be under ATC control. Initially called Terminal Control Areas or TCAs, they became Class B airspace in Airports with less traffic were designated Airport Radar Service Areas (ARSAs), and Terminal Radar Service Areas (TRSAs). ARSAs became known as Class C when the airspace was renamed in 1993, but TRSAs remain as a vestige of the old nomenclature. With the adoption of satellite-based navigation, and the advent of digital datalinks between aircraft, the stage is set for another major step forward Joseph J. Zubay 04/23/13 Page 5 of 5 Pages
What you might learn depending on your level of drowsiness! Brief summary of US airspace history US airspace structure & regulatory requirements Speci
Northern California Soaring Association 2010 Safety Seminar Airspace by Mike Voie, CFIG What you might learn depending on your level of drowsiness! Brief summary of US airspace history US airspace structure
More informationAppendix K: MSP Class B Airspace
Appendix K: MSP Class B Airspace K All of the open sky covering the United States, from less than an inch off the ground all the way to outer space, is part of America s airspace. This airspace resource
More informationDO NOT BEGIN THIS WORK UNTIL YOU HAVE COMPLETED ALL REQUIRED ASSIGNED READING AND EXERCISES.
DO NOT BEGIN THIS WORK UNTIL YOU HAVE COMPLETED ALL REQUIRED ASSIGNED READING AND EXERCISES. Gardner Textbook Review Questions to prepare for Class #12 Answer these on notebook paper (or a text file) then
More informationChapter 9 - Airspace: The Wild Blue, Green & Red Yonder
I5 Class G Airspace 38. [I4/3/3] What minimum visibility and clearance from clouds are required for VFR operations in Class G airspace at 700 feet AGL or lower during daylight hours? A. mile visibility
More informationAPPENDIX F AIRSPACE INFORMATION
APPENDIX F AIRSPACE INFORMATION Airspace Use DEFINITION OF AIRSPACE Airspace, or that space which lies above a nation and comes under its jurisdiction, is generally viewed as being unlimited. However,
More informationMetroAir Virtual Airlines
MetroAir Virtual Airlines NAVIGATION BASICS V 1.0 NOT FOR REAL WORLD AVIATION GETTING STARTED 2 P a g e Having a good understanding of navigation is critical when you fly online the VATSIM network. ATC
More informationPre-Solo Written Exam
Pre-Solo Written Exam Introduction 14 CFR Part 61.87(b) requires student pilots to demonstrate aeronautical knowledge by completing a knowledge test prior to soloing an aircraft. The test must address
More informationCE 563 Airport Design
CE 563 Airport Design Prevent aircraft collisions Prevent aircraft collisions with obstructions Expedite and maintain an orderly flow of air traffic Air traffic control system command center Herndon, VA
More informationClass Alpha. In addition, if you fly above FL240 your aircraft must have DME or a suitable RNAV system.
Go For It Class Alpha Class A airspace is from 18,000 feet MSL to Flight Level 600 (60,000 feet pressure altitude). Its lateral extent includes the contiguous U.S. and Alaska, and extends 12 nm from the
More informationSYE 3803 Fundamentals of Avionics Spring Dr. Thomas Fallon
SYE 3803 Fundamentals of Avionics Spring 2014 Dr. Thomas Fallon Email: tfallon@spsu.edu A Confluence of Ideas December 17, 1903, Kitty Hawk, NC Orville Wright at the controls First flight lasted 12 seconds
More information1960 New York Air Disaster. On December 16, 1960, in rain and sleet, two civilian airliners collided 5000 feet above Miller
1960 New York Air Disaster On December 16, 1960, in rain and sleet, two civilian airliners collided 5000 feet above Miller Field, Staten Island, New York [1, 2]. In the worst aviation accident of the time,
More informationAIRPROX REPORT No Date/Time: 27 Aug Z. (5nm NE Coventry Airport) Airspace: London FIR (Class: G)
AIRPROX REPORT No 2013123 Date/Time: 27 Aug 2013 1452Z Position: 5225N 00122W (5nm NE Coventry Airport) Airspace: London FIR (Class: G) Reporting Ac Type: ATP C172 Reported Ac Operator: CAT Civ Pte Alt/FL:
More informationFederal Aviation Administration. Air Traffic 101. By: Michael Valencia & Dianna Johnston Date: Feb. 26, 2017
Presented to: UC Davis Aviation Symposium By: Michael Valencia & Dianna Johnston Date: Overview Part 1 Air Traffic Controllers History Safety and Navigation Terminology Air Traffic Facility Types Equipment
More informationWhat Does That Mean?
What Does That Mean? A Practical IFR Lexicon A Cranium Rectum Extractus Publication Introduction Effective communication between pilots and controllers is essential if the air traffic control system is
More informationATM Historic Background
ATM Historic Background Francisco Javier Sáez Nieto COURSE 102: RESEARCH IN DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR FUTURE AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT La Granja 9th -12th July, 2012 www.hala-sesar.net Content: Genesis
More informationChapter 6. Nonradar. Section 1. General DISTANCE
12/10/15 JO 7110.65W Chapter 6. Nonradar Section 1. General 6 1 1. DISTANCE Use mileage based (DME and/or ATD) procedures and minima only when direct pilot/controller communications are maintained. FIG
More informationDIRECCION DE PERSONAL AERONAUTICO DPTO. DE INSTRUCCION PREGUNTAS Y OPCIONES POR TEMA
T E M : 0322 INSTRUTOR_DVNED_07_PROEDURES & IRPT OPS OD_PREG: P R E G U N T : RPT: 6436 n airport without a control tower lies within the controlled airspace of an airport with an operating tower. ccording
More informationNextGen and GA 2014 Welcome Outline Safety Seminars Safety Seminars
NextGen and GA 2014 Presented by Thomas Gorski CFI Welcome Restrooms Exits Emergency Evacuation Sponsor Acknowledgment Interactive Presentation Style Breaks 2 Outline My Background Overview of FAASTeam
More informationBFR WRITTEN TEST B - For IFR Pilots
(61 Questions) (Review and study of the FARs noted in parentheses right after the question number is encouraged. This is an open book test!) 1. (91.3) Who is responsible for determining that the altimeter
More informationPerformance Based Navigation Operational End-State 2023
Performance Based Navigation Operational End-State 2023 A Regulatory View Organisation Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand Date of this Document November 2018 Authored by: Primary Author: Ray Harvey,
More informationPHRASEOLOGY COMMON MISTAKES
1. How to read this manual PHRASEOLOGY COMMON MISTAKES This document is not a usual document that teaches only what to do, but this document will present the usual mistakes that every member can hear on
More informationAIRSPACE STRUCTURE. In aeronautics, airspaces are the portion of the atmosphere controlled by a country above its territory.
AIRSPACE STRUCTURE 1. Introduction In aeronautics, s are the portion of the atmosphere controlled by a country above its territory. There are two kinds of : Controlled is of defined dimensions within which
More informationCENTRAL TEXAS COLLEGE AIR AGENCY No. DU8S099Q SYLLABUS FOR AIRP 1451 INSTRUMENT GROUND SCHOOL Semester Hours Credit: 4_. Instructor: Office Hours:
CENTRAL TEXAS COLLEGE AIR AGENCY No. DU8S099Q SYLLABUS FOR AIRP 1451 INSTRUMENT GROUND SCHOOL Semester Hours Credit: 4_ Instructor: Office Hours: I. INTRODUCTION A. The training course outline meets part
More informationAirspace. Chapter 14. Gold Seal Online Ground School. Introduction
Gold Seal Online Ground School www.onlinegroundschool.com Chapter 14 Airspace Introduction The two categories of airspace are: regulatory and nonregulatory. Within these two categories there are four types:
More informationClass B Airspace. Description
Class B Airspace Ref. AIM 3-2-3 and FAR 91.131 Surrounds certain large airports Within each Class B airspace area, there are multiple segments with different ceiling/floor altitudes. Example: 70/30 = ceiling
More informationIntro to Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems & Recreational Drones
Intro to Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems & Recreational Drones Controlled Airspace Controlled Airspace has defined dimensions within which Air Traffic Control (ATC) services are provided. The level of
More informationPre-Solo Written Exam (ASEL)
Pre-Solo Written Exam (ASEL) Student Name Introduction FAR 61.87(b) specifies that prior to conducting solo flight, a student pilot must demonstrate satisfactory aeronautical knowledge on a knowledge test
More informationJAA Administrative & Guidance Material Section Five: Licensing, Part Two: Procedures
090 00 00 00 COMMUNICATIONS 091 00 00 00 VFR COMMUNICATIONS 091 01 00 00 DEFINITIONS 091 01 01 00 Meanings and significance of associated terms x x x x x LO Stations LO Communication methods 091 01 02
More informationAVIA 3133 INSTRUMENT PROCEDURES UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA
AVIA 3133 INSTRUMENT PROCEDURES UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, 20 I,, have acquired and have in my possession a copy of the training course outline, training syllabus, and safety procedures and practices for
More informationLearning Objectives 090 Communications
Learning Objectives 090 Communications Syllabus 090 00 00 00 COMMUNICATIONS 091 00 00 00 VFR COMMUNICATIONS (understood as basic information for IFR-procedures) 091 01 00 00 DEFINITIONS 091 01 01 00 Meanings
More informationTeaching the National Airspace System. Soaring Safety Foundation FIRC Presentation
Teaching the National Airspace System Soaring Safety Foundation FIRC Presentation US Airspace Training Aids http://www.airnav.com Details of any airport http://www.skyvector.com On-line copies of sectional
More informationGENERAL INFORMATION Aircraft #1 Aircraft #2
GENERAL INFORMATION Identification number: 2007075 Classification: Serious incident Date and time 1 of the 2 August 2007, 10.12 hours occurrence: Location of occurrence: Maastricht control zone Aircraft
More informationAdvanced Rating Study Guide
Advanced Rating Study Guide FAR Part 103--Ultralight Vehicles FAR Part 91 VFR/IFR Cruise Altitude Windsports Soaring Center 12623 Gridley Street Sylmar, CA 91342-3334 Tel: (818) 367-2430 Fax: (818) 367-5363
More informationCHAPTER 6:VFR. Recite a prayer (15 seconds)
CHAPTER 6:VFR Recite a prayer (15 seconds) ATM TOPIC 1. INTRODUCTION TO AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT,TYPE OF CONTROL AREAS & FLIGHT PLAN 2. AERODROME CONTROL 3. AREA CONTROL 4. APPROACH CONTROL --------------------------------------mid-term
More informationa. Aeronautical charts DID THIS IN LESSON 2
AIRMAN CERTIFICATION STANDARDS: REMOTE PILOT SMALL: You will know and be able to explain in writing or oral form the below tasks regarding AIRPORT OPERATIONS Task References Objective Task B. Airport Operations
More informationELEMENTS OF THE NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM
ELEMENTS OF THE NATIONAL The National Airspace System is an interconnected system of airports, air traffic facilities and equipment, navigational aids, and airways. These elements of the NAS are operated
More informationTHE AREA CONTROL CENTRE (CTR) POSITION
THE AREA CONTROL CENTRE (CTR) POSITION 1. Introduction The Area Control Centre (ACC) also known as en-route controller and called CTR on IVAO, has the responsibility of ensuring Air Traffic Control (ATC)
More informationAir Traffic Control & Management
Air Traffic Control & Management To fully understand the varying performance characteristics of aircraft, it is necessary to understand certain elements of the environment in which they operate. The performance
More informationAPPENDIX C AIRSPACE PROCEDURES
APPENDIX C AIRSPACE PROCEDURES This appendix is designed to provide the reader with an introduction to how aircraft operate in and around Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport (CVG), the facilities
More informationFLASHCARDS AIRSPACE. Courtesy of the Air Safety Institute, a Division of the AOPA Foundation, and made possible by AOPA Holdings Company.
AIRSPACE FLASHCARDS Courtesy of the Air Safety Institute, a Division of the AOPA Foundation, and made possible by AOPA Holdings Company. The Air Safety Institute is dedicated to making flying easier and
More informationNAVIGATION: CHARTS, PUBLICATIONS, FLIGHT COMPUTERS (chapters 7 & 8)
NAVIGATION: CHARTS, PUBLICATIONS, FLIGHT COMPUTERS (chapters 7 & 8) LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE 1. The location of an airport can be determined by the intersection of lines of latitude and longitude. a. Lines
More informationGlossary. Part I Acronyms/Data Terminology. AIFSS -- Automated International Flight Service Station.
Glossary Part I Acronyms/Data Terminology AC -- Air Carrier. AFSS -- Automated Flight Service Station. AIFSS -- Automated International Flight Service Station. ARTCC -- Air Route Traffic Control Center.
More information1.1.3 Taxiways. Figure 1-15: Taxiway Data. DRAFT Inventory TYPICAL PAVEMENT CROSS-SECTION LIGHTING TYPE LENGTH (FEET) WIDTH (FEET) LIGHTING CONDITION
1.1.3 Taxiways EWN has an extensive network of taxiways and taxilanes connecting the terminal, air cargo, and general aviation areas with the runways as listed in Figure 1-15. A 50-foot wide parallel taxiway
More informationAirspace. Uncontrolled Airspace
S A F E T Y A D V I S O R Regulations No. 1 Airspace F o r E v e r y o n e In this Safety Advisor, we will examine the airspace structure and how pilots are expected (and required by the Federal Aviation
More informationS.T.E.M. Can Make You Fly!
S.T.E.M. Can Make You Fly! Daisies must complete one from each category Brownies must complete two from each category Juniors and Cadette s must complete there from each category Seniors and Ambassadors
More informationAVIATION INVESTIGATION REPORT A00Q0116 RISK OF COLLISION
Transportation Safety Board of Canada Bureau de la sécurité des transports du Canada AVIATION INVESTIGATION REPORT A00Q0116 RISK OF COLLISION BETWEEN AIR CANADA AIRBUS INDUSTRIE A319-114 C-FYJB AND CESSNA
More informationCHAPTER 6 FLIGHT FOLLOWING
CHAPTER 6 FLIGHT FOLLOWING The procedures in this chapter for flight following and airspace management are for use in and around cantonment areas, training areas, and ranges. However, this does not preclude
More informationFEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION CENTRAL EN ROUTE AND OCEANIC AREA OPERATIONS FORT WORTH ARTC CENTER, MAJORS ATCT, AND SKYDIVE TANDEM GREENVILLE, LLC
FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION CENTRAL EN ROUTE AND OCEANIC AREA OPERATIONS FORT WORTH ARTC CENTER, MAJORS ATCT, AND SKYDIVE TANDEM GREENVILLE, LLC LETTER OF AGREEMENT Effective: April 10,2012 SUBJECT:
More informationOperating Safely. A Fundamental Guide to FAA RADAR Operations. Federal Aviation Administration Near Airports
Operating Safely Near Airports A Fundamental Guide to FAA RADAR Operations Presented to: Pacific Air Soaring Counsel - PASCO By: Donald A. Brooks, Air Traffic Manager Reno TRACON/Tower November 4 th, 2006
More informationCollision Avoidance UPL Safety Seminar 2012
Collision Avoidance UPL Safety Seminar 2012 Contents Definition Causes of MAC See and avoid Methods to reduce the risk Technologies Definition MID AIR COLLISION A Mid-Air Collision (MAC) is an accident
More informationAir Navigation Bureau ICAO Headquarters, Montreal
Performance Based Navigation Introduction to PBN Air Navigation Bureau ICAO Headquarters, Montreal 1 Performance Based Navigation Aviation Challenges Navigation in Context Transition to PBN Implementation
More informationAIRPORTS There are two types of airport environments: controlled and uncontrolled. A controlled airport has an operating control tower, staffed by
AIRPORTS There are two types of airport environments: controlled and uncontrolled. A controlled airport has an operating control tower, staffed by either Federal or privately-contracted air traffic controllers.
More informationContents. Subpart A General 91.1 Purpose... 7
Contents Rule objective... 3 Extent of consultation... 3 Summary of comments... 4 Examination of comments... 6 Insertion of Amendments... 6 Effective date of rule... 6 Availability of rules... 6 Part 91
More informationUSE OF RADAR IN THE APPROACH CONTROL SERVICE
USE OF RADAR IN THE APPROACH CONTROL SERVICE 1. Introduction The indications presented on the ATS surveillance system named radar may be used to perform the aerodrome, approach and en-route control service:
More informationFLIGHT ADVISORY WASHINGTON D.C. SPECIAL FLIGHT RULES AREA LEESBURG MANUVERING AREA
FLIGHT ADVISORY WASHINGTON D.C. SPECIAL FLIGHT RULES AREA LEESBURG MANUVERING AREA EFFECTIVE October 11, 201609 0400 This Notice does not supersede restrictions pertaining to the use of airspace contained
More informationIFR SEPARATION USING RADAR
IFR SEPARATION USING RADAR 1. Introduction When flying IFR inside controlled airspace, air traffic controllers either providing a service to an aircraft under their control or to another controller s traffic,
More information129 th RQW/SE P.O. Box 103, MS#1 Moffett Federal Airfield, CA
MID-AIR COLLISION AVOIDANCE (MACA) HANDBOOK 129 th RQW/SE P.O. Box 103, MS#1 Moffett Federal Airfield, CA 94035-0103 129TH RESCUE WING MOFFETT FEDERAL AIRFIELD, CA 1 NOV 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS FLYING SAFETY
More informationSaint Petersburg-Clearwater International Airport. Airspace & Instrument Approach Analysis
Saint Petersburg-Clearwater International Airport Airspace & Instrument Approach Analysis February 23, 2005 Jeppesen Boeing Jeppesen Government / Military Services Group Airspace Services Division AIRSPACE
More informationAIR LAW AND ATC PROCEDURES
1 The International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) establishes: A standards and recommended international practices for contracting member states. B aeronautical standards adopted by all states. C
More informationSyllabus details and associated Learning Objectives ATPL CPL ATPL/ IR COMMUNICATIONS
P. SUBJECT 092 IFR COMMUNICATIONS Syllabus ATPL CPL 090 00 00 00 COMMUNICATIONS 092 00 00 00 IFR COMMUNICATIONS 092 01 00 00 DEFINITIONS 092 01 01 00 Meanings and significance of associated terms LO Stations.
More informationIFR 91.157 Must be instrument rated to fly special VFR at Night (civil twilight to civil twilight, sun 6 degrees below horizon) 91.159 Unless in a holding pattern of 2 minutes or less, VFR cruising altitude
More informationATM REGIONAL CONTINGENCY PLAN FOR.. CTA/UTA/FIR
ATM REGIONAL CONTINGENCY PLAN FOR.. CTA/UTA/FIR OBJECTIVE: This ATS Contingency plan s objective is to ensure the continued safety and supplies of air navigation services in the event of partially or total
More informationMunicipal Drone Operations Ben Roper City of College Station
Municipal Drone Operations Ben Roper City of College Station Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) aka Drone You are establishing an aviation unit for your entity What could possible go wrong? What is Needed Register
More informationOverview of Satellite Navigation Transition. CAASD Industry Day with Users May 7, 2002
Overview of Satellite Navigation Transition CAASD Industry Day with Users May 7, 2002 Safety First and Foremost Navigation The Separation Safety Triad Communications Surveillance Three Legs of the Safety
More informationGleim Private Pilot Syllabus Fifth Edition, 3rd Printing Updates March 2016
Page of Gleim Private Pilot Syllabus Fifth Edition, rd Printing Updates March 0 NOTE: Text that should be deleted is displayed with a line through it. New text is shown with a blue background. If you see
More informationOverview of Evolution to Performance Based Navigation. ICAO PBN Seminar Overview of Evolution to Performance Based Navigation
Overview of Evolution to Performance Based Navigation 1 Overview Learning Objectives: at the end of this presentation you should: Understand what are the two main elements of Performance Based Navigation
More informationAIRLINE TRANSPORT PILOTS LICENSE ( COMMUNICATIONS)
VFR COMMUNICATIONS 090 01 00 00 DEFINITIONS 090 01 01 00 Explain the meanings and significance of associated terms: Stations Communication methods 090 01 02 00 Air traffic control abbreviations Define
More informationEvolving Avionics: Meeting the Challenge of NextGen and SESAR
1 Evolving Avionics: Meeting the Challenge of NextGen and SESAR Uma D. Ferrell Ferrell and Associates Consulting, Inc. Thomas K. Ferrell Ferrell and Associates Consulting, Inc. 1.1 Avionics: A Historical
More informationPope Field, NC MID-AIR COLLISION AVOIDANCE
Pope Field, NC MID-AIR COLLISION AVOIDANCE 2017 43 rd Air Mobility Operations Group Flight Safety, Pope Field, NC Tel: (910)394-8383/ 8389 Fax: (910)394-8098 E-mail:43AMOGW.SE1@US.AF.MIL The potential
More informationIFR SEPARATION WITHOUT RADAR
1. Introduction IFR SEPARATION WITHOUT RADAR When flying IFR inside controlled airspace, air traffic controllers either providing a service to an aircraft under their control or to another controller s
More informationRNP OPERATIONS. We will now explain the key concepts that should not be mixed up and that are commonly not precisely understood.
RNP OPERATIONS 1. Introduction Planes were made as a means of transport. To successfully fly from a location A to a location B, pilots were first and foremost navigators. Originally relying on visual landmarks
More informationEXAMPLE RADIO SCRIPTS. Fly Safe! Flight Following Wichita Approach, this is, checking in at,
EXAMPLE RADIO SCRIPTS Wichita Approach Control offers flight following, wind & altimeter readings and practice approaches for VFR aircraft. The following scripts may prove helpful when requesting services.
More informationCERTIFICATE OF WAIVER OR AUTHORIZATION
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION CERTIFICATE OF WAIVER OR AUTHORIZATION ISSUED TO Utah State University Utah Water Research Laboratory 8200 Old Main Hill Logan, Utah 84322 This
More informationCommunity Impact: Focus on Knowle
Community Impact: Focus on Knowle With flights to more than 140 destinations worldwide and a workforce of more than 6,000 people, Birmingham is the UK s 7 th largest airport and an economic powerhouse,
More informationAIRCRAFT INCIDENT REPORT
AIRCRAFT INCIDENT REPORT (cf. Aircraft Accident Investigation Act, No. 35/2004) M-04303/AIG-26 OY-RCA / N46PW BAe-146 / Piper PA46T 63 N, 028 W 1 August 2003 This investigation was carried out in accordance
More informationEASA NPA on SERA Part ENAV Response sheet. GENERAL COMMENTS ON NPA PACKAGE Note: Specific comments are provided after the General Comments
EASA NPA on SERA Part ENAV Response sheet GENERAL COMMENTS ON NPA PACKAGE te: Specific comments are provided after the General Comments 1 SERA Parts C and D ENAV still misses clarity on the whole scope
More informationIAC 2011 Cape Town, October th
Cape Town, October 05 05 th Project Partners External Supporters and Sponsors The Problem The Solution Overview S 2 BAS Concept of Operations Architecture Possible Applications Stakeholders Flight Phases
More informationPi Aero Instrument Rating Syllabus
This syllabus was created in order to maintain a high level of positive training as well as meet the minimum hours required by the Federal Aviation Regulations Part 61. There are four sections to this
More informationERIE ATCT STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES
ORDER ERI ATCT 7110.10I ERIE ATCT STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES August 1, 2014 VATUSA CLEVELAND ARTCC VIRTUAL AIR TRAFFIC SIMULATION NETWORK VIRTUAL AIR TRAFFIC SIMULATE NETWORK UNITED STATES DIVISION
More informationRADIO COMMUNICATIONS AND ATC LIGHT SIGNALS
RADIO COMMUICATIOS AD ATC LIGHT SIGALS VI - A ITRODUCTIO RADIO LICESE RADIO EQUIPMET PHRASEOLOGY LOST COMMUICATIO Receiver Transmitter Both Departure - Operating in and out of a controlled airport, as
More informationLA Basin Hot Spots. Southern California Airspace Users Working Group Education Subcommittee
LA Basin Hot Spots This Presentation has been adapted from a presentation of Al German Orange County Flight Center by the Southern California Airspace Users Working Group Education Subcommittee What you
More informationAppendix D List of Acronyms & Glossary of Terms
Appendix D List of Acronyms & Glossary of Terms Acronyms A AAD ACCRI ACEC AEE AGL ALP APE ARTCC ASR ATADS ATC ATCT ATO Average Annual Day Aviation Climate Change Research Initiative Area of Critical Environmental
More informationAIRPROX REPORT No PART A: SUMMARY OF INFORMATION REPORTED TO UKAB
AIRPROX REPORT No 2015052 Date: 20 Apr 2015 Time: 1010Z Position: 5324N 00211W Location: 4nm NE Manchester Airport PART A: SUMMARY OF INFORMATION REPORTED TO UKAB Recorded Aircraft 1 Aircraft 2 Aircraft
More informationScenario Training VGT - IWA
Scenario Training VGT - IWA This lesson is divided into two separate scenario flights; KVGT to 61B, and KVGT to KIWA. The first flight to 61B will emphasize a DP out of KVGT and IFR operations into an
More informationThe NOTAM described will replace previously issued FDC NOTAMs 6/2550 and 7/7778 for the DC ADIZ/FRZ.
This advisory covers published NOTAMs 7/0206 for the DC ADIZ, 7/0211 for the DC FRZ and FDC 7/0204 for the outer speed restriction. WARNING This document only contains an overview of the new rules for
More informationUNITED STATES OF AMERICA FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON D.C. GRANT OF EXEMPTION
In the matter of the petition of the DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON D.C. Exemption No. 5100B For an exemption from the provisions 25863 Of sections
More informationUnderstanding the Jeppesen. Updates: Changes, Errata and What s New
Understanding the Jeppesen Updates: Changes, Errata and What s New www.understandingaviation.com info@understandingaviation.com Table of Contents Changes... 1 Errata... 5 What s New... 5 Changes Law Amendment
More informationBOSTON ARTCC (vzbw) TRAINING SYLLABUS LEVEL: Center Controller (C1)
BOSTON ARTCC (vzbw) TRAINING SYLLABUS LEVEL: Center Controller (C1) I have lots more to do, a lot more to keep track of, so I ll do it right the first time and won t suck at it. (vzbw Center Controller
More informationPRE-SOLO WRITTEN EXAM. Student Name:
PRE-SOLO WRITTEN EXAM Student Name: Date: Instructor Name: INTRODUCTION As specified in FAR 61.87, you must demonstrate satisfactory knowledge of appropriate portions of FAR Parts 61 and 91 to an authorized
More informationPrivate Pilot Checkride Oral Examination Preparation Guide
Private Pilot Checkride Oral Examination Preparation Guide What documents are required to be on the glider? FAR 91. DOCUMENTS ON BOARD AIRCRAFT: [91.203(a)(1), 91.293(a)(2), FCC, 91.9(b),.91.103, Aircraft
More information1.notebook. August 29, 2017
1.notebook August 29, 2017 1 1.notebook August 29, 2017 2 1.notebook August 29, 2017 3 1.notebook August 29, 2017 4 2.notebook August 31, 2017 1 2.notebook August 31, 2017 2 2.notebook August 31, 2017
More informationTable 5-15 Special Use Airspace in the SBMR Airspace ROI
5.4 AIRSPACE 5.4.1 Affected Environment The affected airspace environment is described below in terms of its principal attributes, namely controlled and uncontrolled airspace, special use airspace, military
More informationSERIOUS INCIDENT. Aircraft Type and Registration: Boeing 737-8F2, TC-JKF. No & Type of Engines: 2 CFM 56-7B22 turbofan engines
SERIOUS INCIDENT Aircraft Type and Registration: No & Type of Engines: Boeing 737-8F2, TC-JKF 2 CFM 56-7B22 turbofan engines Year of Manufacture: 2006 Date & Time (UTC): Location: Type of Flight: 13 March
More informationICAO flight plan form completion guide
ICAO flight plan form completion guide The information is provided here as a handy reference. For the full instructions you should obtain a copy of the latest AIC on the subject from your local authority.
More informationInstrument Proficiency Check Flight Record
Instrument Proficiency Check Flight Record Date: Flight Time: Sim. Inst. Time: Pilot Name: Aircraft Type: Aircraft Tail Number: Act. Inst. Time: Instructor Name: Holding Procedures Task Notes N/A Satisfactory
More informationSingle Engine Instrument Training Record I PREFLIGHT PREPARATION WEATHER INFORMATION weather reports and forecasts. pilot and radar reports.
Single Engine Instrument Training Record I PREFLIGHT PREPARATION WEATHER INFORMATION weather reports and forecasts. pilot and radar reports. surface analysis charts. radar summary charts. significant weather
More informationClearance & Ground Air Traffic Control. Clearance Delivery An Introduction to Ground Control... 2
Clearance & Ground Air Traffic Control Table of Contents Clearance Delivery.................................. 1 An Introduction to Ground Control...................... 2 Initial Contact and Position Determination.................3
More informationCommercial Pilot Practical Test Briefing
Commercial Pilot Practical Test Briefing 1. What certificates and documents must you have on board the aircraft prior to flight? 2. Locate the following inspections, as appropriate, in the airframe and
More informationPBN Airspace Design Workshop. Area Navigation. Asia and Pacific Regional Sub-Office Beijing, China. 5 May 2016 Page 1 APAC RSO BEIJING
PBN Airspace Design Workshop Area Navigation Asia and Pacific Regional Sub-Office Beijing, China 5 May 2016 Page 1 APAC RSO BEIJING Learning Objectives By the end of this presentation, you will be: Aware
More informationGleim Private Pilot Syllabus Sixth Edition, 1st Printing Updates December 2017
Page 1 of 13 Gleim Private Pilot Syllabus Sixth Edition, 1st Printing Updates December 2017 NOTE: Text that should be deleted is displayed with a line through it. New text is shown with a blue background.
More information