National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form

Transcription

1 NPS Form b OMB No Revised Aug Expires Multiple Property Documentation Form This form is for use in documenting multiple property groups relating to one or several contexts. See instructions in How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (National Register Bulletin 16B). Complete each item by entering the requested information. For additional space, use continuation sheets (Form a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer to complete all items. New Submission Amended Submission A. Name of Multiple Property Listing Railroads in Minnesota, B. Associated Historic Contexts Railroad Development in Minnesota, Railroads and Agricultural Development, Urban Centers, Minnesota Tourism and Recreation in the Lake Regions, Northern Minnesota Lumbering, s Minnesota s Iron Ore Industry, 1880s-1945 C. Form Prepared By Name/Title: Andrew J. Schmidt/Project Manager, Co- Principal Investigator Andrea C. Vermeer/Historian Betsy H. Bradley/Architectural Historian Name/Title: Daniel R. Pratt/Co-Principal Investigator Organization: Summit Envirosolutions, Inc. Organization: ARCH 3, LLC Street & 1217 Bandana Blvd N. Street & Number: 1386 Idaho Ave W. Number: City or Town: St. Paul City or Town: St. Paul State: Minnesota State: Minnesota Zip Code: Zip Code: Telephone: Telephone: D. Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this documentation form meets the National Register documentation standards and sets forth requirements for the listing of related properties consistent with the National Register criteria. This submission meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60 and the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines for Archeology and Historic Preservation. ( See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature and title of certifying official Date State or Federal Agency or Tribal Government I hereby certify that this multiple property documentation form has been approved by the National Register as a basis for evaluating related properties for listing in the National Register. Signature of the Keeper of the National Register Date of Action x see continuation sheet

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3 Section: Table of Contents Page 1 Railroads in Minnesota, TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR WRITTEN NARRATIVE Provide the following information on continuation sheets. Cite the letter and the title before each section of the narrative. Assign page numbers according to the instructions for continuation sheets in How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (National Register Bulletin 16B). Fill in page numbers for each section in the space below. Section Page Numbers SECTION E. STATEMENT OF HISTORIC CONTEXTS...5 I. RAILROAD DEVELOPMENT IN MINNESOTA, SETTING THE STAGE: EARLY RAILROADS...5 THE GOLDEN AGE: 1865 THROUGH WORLD WAR I...7 COMPETITION BETWEEN TRANSPORTATION MODES, RAILROAD ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE...21 II. CANADIAN NORTHERN RAILWAY COMPANY...30 INTRODUCTION...30 PREDECESSOR LINE: PORT ARTHUR DULUTH AND WESTERN RAILWAY COMPANY...31 ACQUISITIONS IN MINNESOTA...31 CANADIAN NATIONAL RAILWAY...34 III. CHICAGO AND NORTH WESTERN RAILWAY COMPANY...35 INTRODUCTION...35 ACQUISITIONS...35 CHICAGO AND NORTH WESTERN, 1870S CHICAGO AND NORTH WESTERN IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY...43 MINNEAPOLIS AND ST. LOUIS RAILWAY COMPANY...44 IV. CHICAGO BURLINGTON AND QUINCY RAILWAY COMPANY...50 INTRODUCTION...50 ACQUISITIONS...51 CHICAGO BURLINGTON AND QUINCY IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY...51 V. CHICAGO GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY COMPANY...53 INTRODUCTION...53 PREDECESSOR LINES IN MINNESOTA...54 CHICAGO GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY COMPANY IN MINNESOTA, CHICAGO GREAT WESTERN IN MINNESOTA, CHICAGO GREAT WESTERN IN MINNESOTA, VI. CHICAGO MILWAUKEE ST. PAUL AND PACIFIC RAILROAD COMPANY...62 INTRODUCTION...62 PREDECESSOR LINES IN MINNESOTA...62 VII. CHICAGO ROCK ISLAND AND PACIFIC RAILWAY COMPANY...74 INTRODUCTION...74 ORIGINS OF THE CHICAGO ROCK ISLAND AND PACIFIC RAILWAY COMPANY...74 PREDECESSOR: BURLINGTON CEDAR RAPIDS AND NORTHERN RAILWAY...75 THE CHICAGO ROCK ISLAND AND PACIFIC IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY...75 VIII. DULUTH AND NORTHEASTERN RAILROAD...79

4 Section: Table of Contents Page 2 Railroads in Minnesota, IX. DULUTH MISSABE AND IRON RANGE RAILROAD...80 PREDECESSOR LINES...80 DULUTH MISSABE AND IRON RANGE RAILWAY...84 X. GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY COMPANY...85 INTRODUCTION...85 PREDECESSOR LINES IN MINNESOTA...85 GREAT NORTHERN IN MINNESOTA, XI. MINNEAPOLIS NORTHFIELD AND SOUTHERN RAILWAY COMPANY INTRODUCTION MINNEAPOLIS ST. PAUL ROCHESTER AND DUBUQUE ELECTRIC TRACTION COMPANY MINNEAPOLIS NORTHFIELD AND SOUTHERN, XII. MINNEAPOLIS ST. PAUL AND SAULT STE. MARIE RAILWAY COMPANY INTRODUCTION PREDECESSOR LINES IN MINNESOTA THE CONSOLIDATED SOO LINE, S THE SOO LINE AFTER XIII. MINNESOTA DAKOTA AND WESTERN RAILWAY COMPANY XIV. MINNESOTA TRANSFER RAILWAY INTRODUCTION RAILROADS AND A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION CENTER MINNESOTA TRANSFER RAILWAY: DEVELOPMENT AND EARLY OPERATION, SERVING THE MIDWAY INDUSTRIAL AREA, XV. NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILWAY COMPANY INTRODUCTION PREDECESSOR LINES IN MINNESOTA MINNESOTA AND THE NORTHERN TRANSCONTINENTAL ROUTE XVI. RAILROADS AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, WHEAT MONOCULTURE DIVERSIFICATION AND INDUSTRIALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE IMMIGRATION AND SETTLEMENT TOWNSITE DEVELOPMENT FOOD PROCESSING XVII. URBAN CENTERS, MANUFACTURING AND DISTRIBUTION POPULATION SMALLER URBAN CENTERS XVIII. MINNESOTA TOURISM AND RECREATION IN THE LAKES REGION, XIX. NORTHERN MINNESOTA LUMBERING, S XX. MINNESOTA S IRON ORE INDUSTRY, 1880S INTRODUCTION THE MESABI IRON RANGE VERMILION RANGE CUYUNA RANGE TACONITE...181

5 Section: Table of Contents Page 3 Railroads in Minnesota, SECTION F. ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES I. NAME OF PROPERTY TYPE: RAILROAD CORRIDOR HISTORIC DISTRICTS II. DESCRIPTION III. SIGNIFICANCE IV. REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS I. NAME OF PROPERTY TYPE: RAILROAD STATION HISTORIC DISTRICTS II. DESCRIPTION III. SIGNIFICANCE IV. REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS I. NAME OF PROPERTY TYPE: RAILROAD YARD HISTORIC DISTRICTS II. DESCRIPTION III. SIGNIFICANCE IV. REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS I. NAME OF PROPERTY TYPE: RAILROAD GRADE SEPARATION STRUCTURES II. DESCRIPTION III. SIGNIFICANCE IV. REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS I. NAME OF PROPERTY TYPE: RAILROAD DEPOTS II. DESCRIPTION III. SIGNIFICANCE IV. REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS I. NAME OF PROPERTY TYPE: RAILROAD ENGINE HOUSES, TRANSFER TABLES, AND TURNTABLES II. DESCRIPTION I. NAME OF PROPERTY TYPE: RAILROAD SECTION HOUSES II. DESCRIPTION III. SIGNIFICANCE IV. REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS FIGURES SECTION G. GEOGRAPHICAL DATA SECTION H. SUMMARY OF IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION METHODS SECTION I. MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES GLOSSARY OF RAILROAD TERMS MAPS...306

6 Section: Table of Contents Page 4 Railroads in Minnesota, List of Figures FIGURE 1. RAILROAD CORRIDOR, YOUNG AMERICA VICINITY, CA FIGURE 2. SINGLE-TRACKED ROADWAY NEAR DALLES OF THE ST. CROIX RIVER, CA FIGURE 3. DOUBLE-TRACKED ROADWAY AND DEPOT, WILDER, CA FIGURE 4. MULTIPLE TRACKS AT THE UNION STATION, MINNEAPOLIS, CA. 1880S FIGURE 5. TYPICAL RAILROAD ROADWAY CROSS SECTION (HOWSON 1926:95) FIGURE 6. TYPICAL RAILROAD BED, BALLAST, AND TRACKS (ORROCK 1918:14) FIGURE 7. TRACKS OVER TYPICAL STONE BALLAST (HOWSON 1926:146) FIGURE 8. STEEL RAILS ON WOOD TIES (HAY 1953:381) FIGURE 9. CROSS SECTION OF "INVERTED T" PROFILE (SMITH 1906:19) FIGURE 10. TOP AND BOTTOM VIEWS OF TIE PLATE (HOWSON 1926:235) FIGURE 11. CONSTRUCTION OF DRAINAGE DITCHES (RENCH 1946:21) FIGURE 12. TILE PIPE FOR DRAINAGE (HOWSON 1926:123) FIGURE 13. CAST-IRON AND MASONRY PIPE CULVERT (HOWSON 1926:448) FIGURE 14. TYPICAL PILE TRESTLE BRIDGE (HOWSON 1926:527) FIGURE 15. HIGH STEEL VIADUCT (HOWSON 1926:468) FIGURE 16. DOUBLE CONCRETE BOX CULVERT (HOWSON 1926:445) FIGURE 17. RAILROAD MAINTENANCE YARD, STATION, AND CLASSIFICATION YARD, TRACY, FIGURE 18. LOW CONCRETE PASSENGER PLATFORM (HOWSON 1926:551) FIGURE 19. FLAG DEPOT BELOW FORT SNELLING, CA FIGURE 20. PASSENGER DEPOT (HOWSON 1926:543) FIGURE 21. COMBINATION DEPOT AT ECHO, CA. 1910S (HOFSOMMER 2005:235) FIGURE 22. UNION DEPOT, MINNEAPOLIS, FIGURE 23. RAILROAD STORAGE WAREHOUSE (HOWSON 1926:556) FIGURE 24. SECTION HOUSE AT BALL CLUB, CA FIGURE 25. WATER TANK (HOWSON 1926:734) FIGURE 26. COALING STATION (HOWSON 1926:567) FIGURE 27. TYPICAL ICE HOUSE DRAWINGS (ORROCK 1918:398) FIGURE 28. INTERLOCKING TOWER (HOWSON 1926:792) FIGURE 29. RAILROAD YARDS WITH SHOP COMPLEX, BRAINERD, FIGURE 30. NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD YARD, ST. PAUL, FIGURE 31. ENGINE HOUSE (HOWSON 1926:561) FIGURE 32. RAILROAD YARD WITH TURNTABLE, MINNEAPOLIS, CA FIGURE 33. RENDERING OF NORTHERN PACIFIC COMO SHOPS, ST. PAUL, FIGURE 34. POWER HOUSE (HOWSON 1926:585) FIGURE 35. ASH PIT AT CONNECTICUT EASTERN RAILROAD MUSEUM, WILLIMANTIC, CT FIGURE 36. NORTHERN PACIFIC OFFICE AND SHOPS, BRAINERD, CA