Blanton Bee California Missions Edition

Transcription

1 Linwood Eagles Student Newspaper done by students for students Blanton Bee California Missions Edition In the late 18th century, Spain decided to begin settling California, both to protect its rights to the land and to begin converting (changing someone's religious beliefs) the American Indians to Christianity. The Spanish built 21 missions along El Camino Real to help them reach these goals. The missions brought in settlers and proved Spain had a claim to the land. The missions were also the perfect place for Spanish priests to teach the American Indians about Christianity, as well as to teach them how to farm the European way. The mission system allowed Spain to settle this part of North America with traditional Spanish ideas and values. CA Weekly Meet Our Editors! Everybody in our class has worked so hard on our first BlantonBee of the year. We especially want to thank our editors, Ethan, Brent, Payton, Faith, Emma G, Katie, Karlie, and Izayah. Also, we can t forget our chief editors, Abby and Emma R. This newspaper is all about missions. Everybody in our class wrote a story. In this newspaper, you will learn about every California mission. We hope you enjoy this.

2 Mission San Diego By Abby Groff San Antonio de Padua By Aaron Serrano Mission San Diego de Alcala was founded on July 16, 1769 by Father Junipero Serra. If you want more information, keep reading! The San Diego Mission s nickname is the Mother of all Missions because it was the first mission built. Some of the crops they grew were wheat, barley, and corn. They also had livestock which consisted sheep, cattle, and horses. The San Diego Mission s Native Americans were the Kumeyaays, they weren t very friendly. One night in 1775, the Native Americans burned down the mission and killed Father Jayme. Father Serra returned to San Diego right away to begin rebuilding the mission. Those are some facts about the San Diego Mission. If you want to know more facts about Mission San Diego de Alcala, go to Blanton Bunch and look on the side for Key Mission Facts. San Antonio was found on July 14, 1771 by Father Junipero Serra. It didn t have a nickname and it was located in Northern California and the livestock they had were sheep and horses. Here's some interesting facts about San Antonio mission. San Antonio s mission once got destroyed by an earthquake.an earthquake destroyed it and it got rebuilt 3 times. The earthquake happened at a unknown time. Once it was abandoned nobody wanted it. The Native Americans didn t want it either. The Native Americans are friendly, nice, and helpful. The men worked in workshops, the women cooked meals, and the children went to school. What I thought that was interesting was that the general wanted to sell the mission to anybody who wanted it. Natural Disasters By, Faith Simon I'm going to talk about all the natural disasters that happened to the missions in California. The natural disasters are earthquakes, fires, and floods. Those all destroyed parts of each mission they hit. Some of the earthquakes destroyed entire missions, and a few of the missions moved because of the earthquakes were so bad and so many happened because they were built on the San Andreas Fault. The fires burned down missions and destroyed their supplies, livestock, and some people died because of the terrible fires that destroyed a few missions. Floods also destroyed missions and washed them away, and they had to be rebuilt or at least partly rebuilt. So because of the natural disasters missions got rebuilt, destroyed, moved and repaired.

3 San Buenaventura By Arnulfo Mission San Francisco De Asis By Andrew Ramirez Mission San Buenaventura was found on Easter Sunday, March 31, 1782 by Father Junipero Serra. San Buenaventura was Father Serra s favorite mission. Mission San Buenaventura is the only mission that has wooden bells. Mission San Buenaventura was the last mission built by Father Serra. San Buenaventura explores, and priests called it several names. Finally, it was named San Buenaventura. In 1794, ten years after the first church was built and burned. It took the new church years to build which stands today. In 1804, three years later, a terrible earthquake broke and it destroyed the church. Mission San Buenaventura was by the Pacific Ocean. Mission San Buenaventura is in California. San Buenaventura is by the South and near Santa Barbara and San Fernando Rey De Espana. What is a Conquistador? By Spencer Rambonga Juan Cabrillo, the first European to explore our coast, was a Spanish conquistador. Conquistador means one who conquers, and is a name giver to Spanish soldiers who explored conquered, and sheltered lands of the new world. Conquistadors were good soldiers who used metal weapons knew how to fight and were very brave. While conquistadors were honored in Spain, they later received a bad reputation for treating Indians with curtly. Mission San Francisco De Asis-Dolores mission was founded on June 29, 1776.The mission was founded by Fray Franchised Puiou. Here are some cool facts about it. Its nickname is Dolores. Mission San Francisco De Asis has some interesting facts about history, location, the Native Americans, and the livestock. The good things about mission Dolores it survived an earthquake and a fire. The, earthquake was in 1906.The mission San Francisco is located in San Francisco, CA. The Native Americans of the mission were friendly. The livestock for the mission was cows and sheep. The men hunt, make adobe, and made the weapons. The women and the children they got the food like berries, walnuts, and cooking. San Luis Obispo By, Ben Evans The mission San Luis Obispo was founded on September 1, 1772 by Father Junipero Serra. Here are some facts about San Luis Obispo. I think San Luis Obispo is a pretty place. The garden is awesome, it has the most prettiest flowers. The flowers are all kinds of colors. In 1776, a group of hostile Indians from another tribe set fire to the dry, tule roofs of the mission buildings with flaming arrows. The mission began growing larger, and the population was at the peak in 1805, when there were 961 Indians. Some of the natives lived at the mission, but many lived a good distance away on the two ranches.

4 San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo (Mission Carmel) By Ethan Lentzner Mission Carmel, (nicknamed Father of the Alta California Missions) founded on June 3, 1770, by Father Junipero Serra was the second mission in the mission chain. This Article will tell you all about Mission Carmel and its history. Mission Carmel is located in the town of Carmel in Northern California by the coast. It is slightly south of Mission San Juan Bautista and slightly north of Mission Soledad. Mission Carmel was originally at the Presidio of Monterey. However, 1 year after it was built, it was moved five miles away to its current location, Carmel. This is because there was better soil there for growing crops and more Native Americans to preach. The Mission was having many problems because they did not have much food and supplies, therefore they had to depend on ships for supplies, which, unfortunately, didn t come often. Overtime they learned how to do crops there, which solved this issue. For a while, this mission was used as the headquarters for the mission chain. Father Serra died in this mission in August 28, Later, in 1834, the Mexican government closed all the missions (Including this one) and, the Native Americans did not want the missions, so other people bought them. Beginning in 1884, the mission started to get restored. A guy named Harry Downie help a lot with this. As of today, Mission Carmel is the most restored and claimed the most beautiful of all the missions. The Native Americans in this mission seemed friendly and were of the Esselen, the Sargantorc, the Guachirron, and the Kalendaruc tribes. Like any other mission, the men worked in workshops or fields and constructed buildings, while the women mostly spun tread and made clothes. The Mission did not have a large number of livestock found at some of the other missions. It had thousands of cattle and sheep, a few hundred houses, and only about ten mules. Adding these up, we see only about 6 thousand animals, in comparison to San Luis Ray (Which has the largest livestock of the missions) at about 57 thousand. Mission San Diego By Brent Stroble The San Diego Mission was built on July 16, It was founded by Father Serra. Here is some information on it. This mission is located in Southern California near the coast. All missions are a days travel apart. So when a traveler comes they can rest there and then continue with their travel. The Native Americans there were never good. When Kumeyaay came one night, they set the mission on fire and killed Father Jayme. Later tourists came and they found it and restored it. It was also destroyed in a earthquake that destroyed all the missions. The highest the converts ever got was 1,829. A better name for a convert is a neophyte. The livestock consisted of sheep, cattle, and horses. The crops were corn, wheat, and barely. The san Diego mission is ranked 1 among the missions because it was the first one made. The men worked in fields, tanning, and blacksmithing. The women made candles, soap, and weaved. The children went to school and were taught by the padres. The nickname is The mother of all missions because it was the first one to made and used in California. So, that is some information on the San Diego mission.

5 San Juan Bautista Brianna Andrade This mission is called San Juan Bautista. San Juan Bautista was founded on June 25,1797 by Father Fermin, here are some facts. San Juan Bautista s nickname is The Mission of Music. It s called The Mission of Music because when Father Taple died in 1978, they rung a bell to dedicate him. San Juan Bautista had an earthquake October It destroyed San Juan Bautista and had to be rebuilt. The men performed field to tend crops and help animals. The women performed to show the children how to sew. These are some interesting facts about San Juan Bautista. La Purisima Concepcion By, Daniel Lopez This mission, La Purisima was founded on December 8,1787 by father Fermin Lausen. It is the eleventh mission to be founded. It was hit by a severe earthquake. It was rebuilt again somewhere else. It was only destroyed one time. It was destroyed really really badly. Next to the cemetery, sits the La Purisima mission and church. The church and the mission lets people rest there and begin their journey again. The Indians were the Chumash Indians. They were nice. They lived there for a very long time. They liked it there. The missionaries treated them good. So that is why they liked it there. Mission San Luis Obispo By Carson Roche Mission San Luis Obispo was founded on September 1, It was the 5th mission and it was founded by Father Serra. Mission San Luis Obispo is interesting for many reasons. First, it was one of the missions that did not get moved or destroyed. When I visited the mission, I saw beautiful gardens. All the walls were made of adobe, and you can still see the hay in the walls. There was also a lot of beautiful paintings inside the church. In addition,it showed all the rooms where they made leather and ate their food. They also had a room with a kiln. Another interesting fact, is the mission provided food for the Native Americans. Some of the foods they grew were mushrooms, fruit, corn, and other vegetables. They also hunted dear. Even though the missions helped the Native Americans, the soldiers were mean to them. They treated them like children. Many of the Natives died from the mistreatment of the Spanish solders. As you can see, mission San Luis Obispo has a very interesting story. Mission Santa Cruz By: Dewayne Mission Santa Cruz was founded on August 28, 1791 by Father Fermin Lausen. It was ranked the 12th mission. And, it nicknamed was the Holy Cross. The Native American tribe, the Yokuts, helped out making the mission, and they were father Fermin s neophytes. The missionaries were Fr. Isidro Salazar and Balamero Lopez. The cattle brand of Santa Cruz look liked an A. In 1796 the highest recorded population {523}, and the lowest total chain Santa Cruz was one of the first missions to be secularized. The Indians away quickly and the buildings began to collapse.

6 Santa Cruz Mission By Connor Schimelpfening The mission, Santa Cruz, was founded on August 28, 1719 by father Fermin Lausen. Santa Cruz s nickname is Holy Cross mission. It got it s name from an English translation of the original Spanish named Santa Cruz. The interior of the chapel has some original artifacts. A lot of them were lost and demolished in earthquakes. In 1797, an oil portrait of the Virgin De Guadalupe hanging on the side of the wall of the chapel. In the garden you may see the original hand carved baptismal font once seen in the sanctuary. Members of the Awaswas triplet of the constantan family were the pre dominant early converts joined later by the other constantan and Yokuts. Also, the water source was the San Lorenzo river and springs on the mission property. On a bluff in the city of Santa Cruz near the mouth of the San Lorenzo river and the Native site up on Monterey Bay. Mission San Diego By Spencer Rambonga This mission was founded on July, 1762.The San Diego mission was founded by Father Serra. This mission is also known as mother of all missions because it was the first one built. San Diego mission Indians were not friendly and the tribe was the Kumeyaay. They also took care of livestock like sheep, cattle, and horses. The plants that they grew were wheat, corn, and barley. Mission San Diego ranked one along California missions. San Gabriel By David Mission San Gabriel was founded on September 8 by Father Pedro. Now here are some interesting facts about San Gabriel. The first interesting fact is that San Gabriel was destroyed by and earthquake, but it was rebuilt and it took a long time to rebuild it. The Native Americans where hard at working but then they got mean. San Rafael By Jayden Herrera San Rafael was founded on December 14,1817 by Father Vicente de Serra. Now, lets learn about san Rafael. San Rafael never stared out as a mission. It was built as a hospital for Mission Dolores in San Francisco. For the poor Indians of Dolores were dying faster than ever. The location of San Rafael is on the northern part of California's cost of the Pacific Ocean near the city of San Francisco. The Native Americans of San Rafael were called Nahaguahui, they were really nice. Some of the crops they grew were wheat and beans. San Rafael was the twentieth mission built on California s coast.

7 San Juan Capistrano By, Kaitlyn Bailey and Emma Reineccius This mission is called San Juan Capistrano. It was founded on November 1, 1776 by Father Junipero Serra. These are some interesting facts about San Juan Capistrano. San Juan Capistrano s nickname is Jewel Of The Missions. It s called that because San Juan Capistrano is the most gorgeous mission. All the decorations and gardens are beautiful. Especially the flowers. history ever again. In 1812, there was an earthquake. It destroyed San Juan Capistrano. But, luckily it was rebuilt in I m glad it was rebuilt, because it s a beautiful mission. If it wasn t rebuilt, we would never see this piece of In San Juan Capistrano, the Native American men and older boys worked on building the missions, hunting, and teaching the younger boys to hunt. The women made food, cloths, and worked on gathering. The young children went to church and helped hunting and gathering. These were some interesting facts about San Juan Capistrano. If you want to learn more, you can check out a book about San Juan Capistrano at a library near you. Mission San Francisco By Dylan Mission San Francisco was founded in The person that started missions, Father Junipero Serra. I will be talking about mission San Francisco. Mission San Francisco is located in the northern part of California and is near San Francisco. The chapel was destroyed in One of the most exciting events in California was the newly restored mission chapel. San Luis Rey de Francia By Emiliano Lopez Father Fermin Lausen founded Mission San Luis Rey on June 13, The nickname of San Luis Rey is King of the Missions because more people go to the San Luis Rey mission. The Native Americans in Mission San Luis Rey were cowboys and they are friendly because people like that mission. The livestock was sheep and cattle, while the crops were corn, wheat, and beans. Mission San Luis Rey was ranked 18 out of 21 missions. San Luis Rey was never destroyed by anything. Men taught the kids how to use arrows, while children would look for food. The people in this mission mostly consist of the padres, the Indians, and the soldiers. San Fernando By Joey Fiskin Mission San Fernando was founded on September 1797 by Father Fermin Lausen. The mission s nickname is Mission of the Valley which is located in El Valley de California. The San Fernando mission is ranked 17 out of the 21 missions. San Fernando became a pawn in provincial power struggles and the appointed administrators were often corrupt. There were about 400 Indians left at the San Fernando Rey in but their lives were not pleasant. They were physically hardy and for a time considered white Indians because of their light skin color. San Fernando was destroyed three times and then rebuilt three times. San Fernando was destroyed all three times by an earthquake.

8 Santa Clara by Emma Kathryn Gray The mission Santa Clara was founded on January 12,1777 by Father Serra. The Native Californians in mission Santa Clara were only friendly sometimes, because usually they make trouble. The neophytes grew approximately 118,000. The livestock of the mission consisted of pigs, cows, and horses. Some crops were corn, asparagus, and tomatoes. Mission Santa Clara ranked 8 among the California missions. The padres needed help to tend the land and livestock. Some of the trades were weaving, farming, leather tanning, and tool making. The men Indians performed hunting, tool making, and leather tanning. The women Indians performed weaving, gathering, and teaching Indian children. The boy Indians learned to hunt, and the girl Indians learned to weave. The padres had to rebuild the church 4 times! Earthquakes and floods are the disasters to the mission. Santa Clara was the first mission named after a girl. Mission Santa Clara has the distinct honor of being the only California mission to become a university. The present mission church is the sixth of mission Santa Clara s churches. The façade of the church is concrete and stucco. Designs and pictures of statues were once painted on the 1822 façade. Those have been recreated on the present façade as false pillars and real niches filled with real statues. At the top of the façade is a low bell tower holding four bells, only one of which is original. It is dated 1798 and came from Spain. Two of the original bells melted in the terrible fire of The fourth bell was a gift from King Alphonse XIII of Spain in The King sent the bell in honor of his ancestor, King Carlos IV, who sent the three original bells to Santa Clara in the late 1700s. Although Father Serra didn t actually found Mission Santa Clara himself, he directed Father Thomas De La Pena to do so for him. In 1794,the hard working, serious Father Catala came to Mission Santa Clara. He and Father Jose Viader, who came shortly after, were to work together at the mission for thirty years. Father Catala took care of the spiritual needs of the mission and Father Viader, who was an excellent businessman, took care of money matters. One often told story is about Father Viader. One night an Indian chieftain and two companions tried to rough up the good padre as he walked alone. Father Viader was a very strong man. He fought and trounced all three of them soundly. Then he gave them a good scolding. The priest made such an impression on the chieftain, Marcello, that the native became Father Viader s friend, staying the rest of his long life at the mission. Old Father Catala died in 1830, after 36 years at the mission. Father Catala left in 1833 when the Mexican government, which he had broken free from Spain, ruled that all Spanish priests be replaced with Mexican priests. When Father Viader left, it meant the end of 57 years of service by the Franciscan monks at mission Santa Clara. The secularization laws demanded that all farmlands of the missions be handed over to mission Indians and the priests were only to be in charge of the mission buildings. The poor Mexican priests could only watch helplessly as Mexican government officials bought up or sold the land, often illegally, leaving Indians no choice but to go back to the wilderness or work as slaves. Then in 1850, California became a state. The Jesuit order of priests arrived in Santa Clara the same year. Father John Noboli, who was put in charge of the mission, began his struggle to start a collage on the mission site. First, he had to move out people who had simply moved themselves into the crumbling mission buildings. Next, he had to get back land around the mission church which had been illegally sold to Mexican officials and settlers. Then, he had to find some way to repair the ruins of the mission buildings so he could use them as classrooms. Somehow Father Nobili managed to do it all, because within 4 years there was a school, complete with students and Jesuit priests as teachers. This school grew into the fine Santa Clara University we see surrounding the site of the old mission. It is known as the oldest school of higher learning in the state of California. That is about the mission Santa Clara

9 San Miguel By Faith Simon Mission San Miguel was founded by Father Fermin Lausen in 1797.It was named after Saint Michael the Archangel. San Miguel s nickname is The Prince of Celestial and Milista which means The Prince of grocers and cemeteries The livestock has a consistency of cow, horses, and sheep. There were 10,558 cows,8282 sheep, and 1592 horses. Then, after no one wanted the mission, two men bought it and they found five run away sailors that they invited to the mission and the sailors heard about the gold by the mission and murdered 1 of the owners and his family along with him and sadly they got away. San Miguel is one of the best restored missions even though it got burned down twice. But, in 1982 it returned to the order of the priests and turned back to its original look. Mission San Francisco Solano By, James Mata, Iexa Franco and Zack Alvarez San Francisco Solano is in the city of Sonoma facing a corner of the historic Sonoma Pueblo Plaza. The mission was founded on July 4th, In 1826, the adobe wall around the quadrangle was built with tile on top of the adobe. Then, in 1827, some Indian trouble makers began setting fire to some of the buildings and supplies. In 1846, one of the most exciting events in California history happened right across from the newly restored mission chapel. They organized a government called the California Republic. It took the interest of the historic landmark league to save the few walls left standing of poor Mission San Francisco Solano. Mission Soledad Izayah Rubalcaba Lets start by saying that the mission name is Neustria Senora de la Soledad which means our lady of solitude. The nick- name of the mission is The Lonely Mission because it was banded. The mission was founded on October 9,1791 by Father Fermin Lausen. The Native Californians mission Soledad, and had the Chettusquelis tribe who is friendly to them. Why do you think they built the missions in the shape of a quadrangle? Spain did that because fathers surveying instruments at their disposal and simply measured off all dimensions by foot. And plus, they re a fort. The livestock consisted cattle, sheep,and horses. The crops that the mission grew were berries, corn, and wheat. And the mission was the thirteenth mission built out of 21 missions. The mission trades were obsidian, black volcanic glass, and shell beads. The men did war and hunting. The women did weaving and cooking. The kids went to school. The mission had to get rebuilt one time from a flood because it is right next to a river. The mission is located in Monterey Bay in the coastal area, and in the Pacific Ocean in California. Mission Santa Ines By Mia Peetz This Paragraph is about a Mission named Santa Ines. It was found on Sept 17, 1804.The nickname is Hidden Gem of the Mission. It was founded by priest father Pedro Estevan Tapis. Today it serves as a museum and a parish church. The English translation the mission of Saint Agnes of Rome, virgin and Martyr.

10 San Luis Obispo By Jaelynn Rose Kimble The mission San Luis Obispo was founded on September 1, 1772 by Father Junipero Serra. It s going to be about important information about this mission. San Luis Obispo is a pretty place. The garden is awesome. It has pretty flowers. The flowers are red, green, orange, blue, yellow, and white. In 1772, a group of hostile Indians from another tribe set fire to the dry, tule roofs of the mission buildings with flaming arrows. Only the church and one grain warehouse was saved. When there were two more fire attacks on the mission, the next six years the priests knew a safer roof was needed for their buildings. San Luis Obispo was one of those missions that grew up in a small town and now it s in a busy city. Fortunately, a small plaza and a well landscaped park with tall trees stand in front of the of the mission and keep it slightly away from the more modern buildings of the town. San Carlos By Jennifer Rodriguez San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo was founded on June 3,1770 by Father Junipero Serra. Here are some interesting things about my mission. Did you know San Carlos is nicknamed Father of the Alta California Missions. The Native Californians who helped San Carlos were called Costanoan. But in there language they were called Ohlone and they were not friendly. Did you know San Carlos livestock were bear, deer, elk, and other big animals. This mission was rebuilt one time it wasn t destroyed it was moved somewhere else. If you ever want to visit San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo it s by the Pacific Ocean located in California near a El Camino Real By Kaitlyn Bailey This state can t claim the only El Camino Real. The one in California is now mostly turned into highways, U.S. 101, I-5, Route 72, Route 82, and I-280. It s called the Royal Road or Kings Highway. El Camino Real was made along the coast to make the missions easier to find. El Camino Real follows the route of the original trail. It was one of the California state s first highways. El Camino Real is 700 miles long. It s linked to the 21 missions. The first bells were designed and produced by a woman named, Mrs. A.S.G. Fabes. The bells mark the middle, end, and beginning of the trail. It goes from San Diego to Sonoma in California. It s located at Paradise Point Resort in San Diego. The bells help mark the trail because each mission is a day away. Each mile goes (450 totals then presently, expanded to a goal of 700) was to have a maker. El Camino Real goes very far if you ever go to Los Angeles you might be able to see it just look at the highway signs. El Camino Real is a very interesting highway or highways. If you want to learn more read a book about it or search El Camino Real on the internet.

11 Santa Barbara Mission By, Karlee Newman The Santa Barbara Mission was the tenth of California Missions to be founded by the Spanish Franciscans. It was established on the feast of Santa Barbara, December 4,1786. Let me tell you some more things about wonderful Santa Barbara. Padre Junipero Serra, who had founded Mission Santa Barbara, had died two years earlier. It was Padre Fermin Francisco de Lausuen, his successor,who raised the cross and made the first converts. The original buildings were unpretentious and made of adobe. Overtime three adobe churches were constructed on the grounds each larger than the one before the fourth and present church was built in 1820.The third was destroyed in an earthquake in 1812.The fountain in front was built in The earthquake of June 29,,1925, which occurred during a chapel service, caused extreme damage to the mission church and friary. People rushed out of the chapel while the beams in front of the church fell.fortunately, no one was hurt, restoration work was completed in 1927 and the towers were reinforced in Before the arrival of the Spanish., the Chumash Indians, who were hunters and gatherers oriented to the sea inhabited the land from Malibu to San Luis Obispo. They built plank boats, which were capable of traveling to the channel Islands. their villages were autonomous in nature, always headed by a by a hereditary leader.houses were semi oval hut built of Tule. Basketry was a major art form as were store bowls and tulies. Houses were dome shaped with tulies covering a Willow frame The Franciscans taught the Indians agriculture. The principal products of the field were wheat, barley, corn, beans, and peas.orange and olive trees were planted and grapevines were cultivated in An Indian Dam was built to bring water to the mission via an aqueduct.mission Santa Barbara also had cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mules, and horses in a great number.in 1809, there were 5,200 head of cattle and in ,121 head of sheep. Juan Cabrillo By, Emma Reineccius Juan Cabrillo is a very brave man. He has sailed up and down the California coast. This story is all about Juan Cabrillo s life. Cabrillo and his hard working crew have been working for 103 long, difficult days. It was late August Cabrillo and his crew found a shore somewhere in California. Cabrillo liked the shore that they found. He named it San Miguel Bay. Today, there is not a San Miguel Bay. It is now the very famous, San Diego Bay! Cabrillo was actually supposed to land in California, so he landed in the correct place. The Spanish had big plans for this business venture and spent a great deal of money and time to make it work (These are exact words from our California Weekly.) Did you know in Cabrillo s early years her served with Hernando Cortes? It s true! Cabrillo helped Cortes defeat the Aztecs in Mexico. After Cabrillo helped him defeat the Aztecs, he was honored to lead the 1542 exploration along the California coats. While exploring the California coast, he fell and broke his arm. His arm got infected, and he died on January 3, 1543.

12 San Luis Obispo By Payton Diaz The mission San Luis Obispo was founded on September 1, 1772 by Father Junipero Serra. These are some important facts about this mission. First, the nickname of San Luis Obispo is Prince of Missions. It s called that because it s half way in-between. This mission is located near a valley of bears and in the south near the central part of California. It s also on the coast line of the Pacific Ocean. The Natives were called Chumash/Skim. They were and weren t friendly. That s because they were there first, and didn t want them there because Spain wanted to do everything different everything, and they set three huge fire attacks. They were also treated like animals. After Spain left, they gave the mission to the Natives, but then the Natives sold the mission to anyone who had money. Some of the Natives stayed to serve the new owner, and some of them left. Now you know about a piece of history on San Luis Obispo. Did you enjoy it? You learned a very important piece of history. The Mission Indians By: Emma Kathryn Gray & Andrew Ramirez The mission Indians lived out in the wilderness, very different from us today. The children wore no clothes except in the winter. The women Indians wore dresses made out of deerskin and shell necklaces. The men Indians wore a flap of deerskin for the front half and the back half. They had their own language and food and they had to make their own weapons. The men rarely did any work, sitting on their lazy bottoms all day long like a couch potato well if they had any couches. The men only taught the boys to hunt. The women had to do all the work. Weaving, teaching, cooking, raising, and gathering while the men got to do just one simple task every day with ease. The weapons were handmade of course, since they didn t have any hunting and gun shops, and plastic, my goodness no! They had to hand make them from the natural resources around. Like the bow, made out of elk antlers or wood, the arrows, made out of elk antlers and wood also, the tip of the arrows, made out of obsidian or a sharp rock. Maybe a javelin made out of wood and the tip made out of obsidian. Everything every tool, piece of clothing, weapon, house, instruments, headdresses, necklaces, everything is made out of a natural resource. Things that the Indians did for fun were hunting, gambling, weaving baskets, and ceremonies. Whenever a woman Indian gave birth to an infant, she had to spend hours weaving a baby cradle for the baby. And when the woman was all busy gathering, instead of the husband taking care of the baby when his wife was gathering, the husband was being a couch potato again, and it turns out, since the husband was being a couch potato, the wife horribly had to hang the baby in a tree to continue gathering! I know! I was a like Thanks a lot lousy couch potato husband, I hope you re glad that your baby isn t dead because of falling out of that tree. Here is one tip kids, when you get older and have a baby, never hang your baby in a tree. It will cut your baby s circulation and he/she will die. That s all about the mission Indians!

13 Mission Vocabulary By Daniel Lopez An acequia is a canal or ditch that carries water. An altar is a table for religious ceremonies. An arch is like a door or passage way and it is half an oval shape. A campanario is like Spanish bell tower. A dome is a roof with a half a sphere. A façade is the face of the tall part of a mission. A friar is a priest, father, or padre. Irrigation is a canal or ditch that carries water. Masonry is a building made out of rocks or stones. A pestle is a thing that you grind corn and other stuff with. Tallow is a fatty animal stuff used to make candles or soap. Tanning is making animal skin into leather.

14 Mission Vocabulary By, Izayah Rubalcaba. Adobe is a brick made of clay, straws, and clay. A buttress is when it gives more power to walls. Epidemic is a disease that spreads to kill people. A granary is a room full of crops that have been harvested. A neophyte is Native American converted to Christianity. A teja is a Spanish roof tile made out of adobe. An aqueduct is a bridge for carrying water. A chapel is another name for a small church. A famous painting someone drew on a wall. An oven Native Americans used for making bread and tortillas. A statue is an object of a person made of stone. Textile is cloth or woven fabric.

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