Updating Species Red List of Bangladesh

Transcription

1 Updating Species Red List of Bangladesh Survey Report on RAG-Mammal Survey Photo: Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) Duration of Survey: 10 November, November, 2014 Survey Sites: Lawachara NP, Madhabkunda Eco-park, Satchari NP

2 Background of the survey IUCN Bangladesh initiated "Updating Species Red List of Bangladesh" by revising previous Red List of Bangladesh back to 13 years. In the present survey, status of the mammalian fauna, population size, GPS coordinate, habitat condition and their threats have been documented. The tour summary report develops based on physical visit of 2 National Parks, 1 Eco-park under Sylhet division. At the same time some important habitats for bats were surveyed as they are mostly unexplored mammalian fauna for of the country. Introduction We conducted a survey on status and distribution of mammals in the north-eastern part of Bangladesh between November 10 and November 15, This part of Bangladesh is important for mammals including Hoolock Gibbon, Pig-tailed Macaque, Slow Loris, Langurs, Small Cats, Civets and Bats. We have confirmed status and distribution of these species which will clarify confusions about the distribution of many mammalian species. Methods We have used various survey methods. Some of these were as follows- Visual encounter We mostly relied on visual observation. We conducted our survey during the most active period of the species. We also surveyed roosting places such as tree holes, burrows, abandoned houses and temples, underside of bridges and culverts as well as electric poles and railway roads. Camera Trapping We have used 10 camera traps in suitable habitats of nocturnal mammalian species in different protected areas of northeastern part of Bangladesh. Small Mammal Trap We have used six mammal traps to capture small mammals such as rats and shrews. Mist net

3 We have used mist nets for bat. We have captured bats, took necessary morphometric measurements for proper identification and released them to their habitats. Photographic evidences We have used four SLR cameras with zoom lens and one HD video camera for photographic evidences of mammals in those regions. Interviewing local people We have also interviewed local people about the presence of particular mammalian species in their area. Provided information was also verified by cross checking in the field observation. Table 1. Over-view of survey areas Day / Date Day Location Lawachara National Park, Moulavibazar (N 24º E 91º ) Day Lawachara National Park, Moulavibazar Baikka Beel. (N 24º E 91º ) Day Lawachara National Park, Moulavibazar Sitesh Zoo, Srimangal (N 24º E 91º ) Day Lawachara National Park, Moulavibazar Madhabkunda Eco-park Day Day Satchari National Park, Habigonj (N 24º E 91º ) Satchari National Park, Habigonj (N 24º E 91º )

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5 Map 1: Route and survey sites. 1- Starting point at Dhaka; 2- Satchari NP; 3- Lawachara NP; 4- Madhabkunda Ecopark.

6 Lawachara National Park, Maulavibazar Area: 1250 ha Habitat description Lawachara is about 160 km northeast of Dhaka and 60 km from Sylhet. It is 8 kilometres from the town of Srimongal. Lawachara National Park covers approximately 1,250 ha (12.5 km 2 ) of semi-evergreen forests of the Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests.the land was declared a national park by the Bangladesh government on July 7, 1996 under the Wildlife Act of The forest of Lawachara is of a mixed type, with the understory usually composed of evergreens, including Syzygium, Gmelina, Dillenia, Grewia, and Ficus. The upper canopy, meanwhile, is mainly composed of tall deciduous trees including Tectona, Artocarpus chaplasha, Tetrameles, Hopea odorata. Toona ciliata, and Pygenum. Biological diversity in the Lawachara National Park consists of 460 species, of which 167 species are plants, 4 amphibian species, 6 reptile species, 246 bird species, 20 mammal species, and 17 insect species. 159 plant species belonging to 123 genera and 60 families were studied (IPAC, 2005). Observed wild animals Mammals found in Lawachara include Slow loris (Nycticebus bengalensis), Pig-tailed macaque (Macaca leonina), Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta), Capped langur (Trachypithecus pileatus), Phayre s langur (Trachypithecus phayrei), Western Hoolock gibbon (Hoolock hoolock), Golden Jackel (Canis aureus), Wild boar (Sus scrofa) and several species of bats.

7 Table 2. List of Mammalian Fauna of Lawachara National Park Sl. No. Family English Name 01 Sciuridae Irrawaddy Squirrel 02 Sciuridae Orange-bellied Himalayan Squirrel 03 Muridae House Mouse 04 Muridae Common House Rat 05 Soricidae Asian House Shrew 06 Pteropodidae Short-nosed Fruit Bat 07 Pteropodidae Indian Flying Fox 08 Vespertilionidae Coromendal Pipistrelle/Indian Pipistrelle 09 Vespertilionidae Greater Asiatic Yellow House Bat 10 Vespertilionidae Lesser Asiatic Yellow House Bat 11 Vespertilionidae Greater False Vampire Bat 12 Suidae Indian Wild Boar

8 13 Herpestidae Small Indian Mongoose 14 Canidae Asiatic Jackel/Golden Jackel 15 Cercopithecidae Rhesus Macaque 16 Cercopithecidae Pig-tailed Macaque 17 Cercopithecidae Phyre s Langur 18 Cercopithecidae Capped Langur 19 Hylobatidae Hoolock Gibbon Photo: Hoolock Gibbon at Lawachara National Park

9 Madhabkunda Eco-park, Moulavibazar Area: 266 ha Habitat Description The Madhabkunda Eco-park is located at Madhabkunda under Moulavibazar District. This area was declared as Eco-parks with a view to conserve the Madhabkunda waterfall and surrounding biodiversity. The endeavour of declaring these sites as eco-parks, widen a new dimension of developing eco-tourism, biodiversity conservation and development of education and research in the areas. Observed Wild Animals During the survey at Madhabkunda Eco-park we observed Rhesus Macaque, Hoolock Gibbon, Irrawardy squirrel, and few species of bats. Table 3. List of Mammalian Fauna of Madhabkunda Eco- Park Sl. No. Family English Name 01 Sciuridae Irrawardy Squirrel 02 Muridae Common House Rat 03 Soricidae Asian House Shrew 04 Herpestidae Small Indian Mongoose 05 Cercopithecidae Rhesus Macaque 06 Hylobatidae Hoolock Gibbon

10 07 Vespertilionidae Coromendal Pipistrelle/Indian Pipistrelle 08 Pteropodidae Short-nosed fruit bat 09 Pteropodidae Indian Flying fox Satchari National Park, Habiganj Area: 243 ha Habitat Description Satchari NP (in Chunarughat Upzila of Habiganj District) is located nearly 130 km east northeast of Dhaka and approximately 60 km southwest from Srimongal (between Teliapara and Srimongal) on the erstwhile Dhaka-Sylhet highway (a recently constructed bypass road now serves as the main Dhaka- Sylhet highway). The Park comprises forests of Raghunandan Hill RF, covered under Satchari Beat of Satchari Range. The forests are composed of mixed tropical evergreen and semi-evergreen plant species, characterized by high rainfall and a multitier vegetation assemblage of rich biodiversity. Five broad types of habitats in the Park are identified as below : i) high forests represented by the remaining natural forests, ii) plantations including the monoculture of exotics, iii) grasslands and bamboos, iv) wetlands, and v) lemon gardens. The top canopy includes Artocarpus chaplasha, Dipterocarpus turbinatus, Elaeocarpus floribundaas, Dillenia pentagyna, Castanopsis tribuloides, etc. The shrub species comprise of Adhatoda zeylanica, Carea arborea and others, whereas bamboos species are Bambusa tulda, Bambusa polymorpha, Bambusa longispiculata, etc, and Saccharum, Daemonorops, Thysanolaena as main grass species.

11 A total of 197 species of amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals have been recorded from Satchari National Park (Feeroz, 2003). Observed wild animals Hoolock gibbon, Capped langur, Rhesus macaque, Pig tailed Macaque, Yellow throated Marten, Irrawardy squirrel, Crab eating mongoose, Oriental pied hornbill, Hill myna, Olive bulbul, Red jungle fowl, Grey headed canary flycatcher, Mock viper, White lipped pit viper, Striped Keelback, Checkered Keelback, Skipper frog, Indian bull frog, Common tree frog, Oriental garden lizard etc. were seen during the survey. Photo: Pig-tailed macaque at Satchari NP.

12 Table 3. List of Mammalian Fauna of Satchari National Park Sl. No. Family English Name 01 Sciuridae Irrawardy Squirrel 02 Muridae Common House Rat 03 Soricidae Asian House Shrew 04 Herpestidae Small Indian Mongoose 05 Herpestidae Crab-eating Mongoose 06 Pteropodidae Indian Flying Fox 07 Vespertilionidae Coromendal Pipistrelle/Indian Pipistrelle 08 Vespertilionidae Greater False Vampire bat 09 Felidae Jungle cat 10 Canidae Asiatic Jackel/Golden Jackel 11 Yellow Throated Marten 12 Cercopithecidae Rhesus Macaque 13 Cercopithecidae Pig tailed Macaque

13 14 Cercopithecidae Phyre s langur 15 Cercopithecidae Capped Langur 16 Hylobatide Hoolock Gibbon Photo: Phyre s Langur at Lawachara NP

14 Some Survey Activities Conducted by the Team Members..

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19 Summary Outcome 1. A total of 20 species of mammals have been recorded during the survey. 2. Distribution of Yellow bat (Scotophilus heathi)has been confirmed 3. Existence of Marbled Cat from northeast has been confirmed. 4. Habitat quality and distribution of civets have been confirmed. 5. Threats to the mammals have been determined Members of Survey Team Dr. Mohammed Mostafa Feeroz (Lead Assessor RAG- Mammal) Dr. Sajeda Begum (Assessor) Dr. Md. Kamrul Hasan (Assessor) Samia Farhana Shoma (Assessor) Ashis Kumar Datta (Research Assistant) Anik Saha (Research Assiastant) Taufiq (Research Assistant) Annexure: Tour Plan Day 01 Date : 10 November 2014 Dhaka-Srimongol Time Activity Remarks 6.00 AM Pick up of the participants From Dhaka 6.30 AM Starts team journey AM Breakfast AM Tea Break

20 2.00 PM Lunch Srimongol 4.00 PM Survey at Lawachara NP 6.00 PM Break 6.30 PM Camera trapping and Night survey at Lawachara NP 8.00 PM Check In 8.30 PM Diner 9.30PM Brief discussion about survey Day 02 Date : 11 November 2014 Lawachara NP Time Activity Remarks 5.30 AM Check out for Lawachara NP 7.00 AM Starts Survey at Lawachara NP 9.00 AM Breakfast AM Survey at Lawachara NP AM Survey Continues 3.00PM Lunch 4.00PM Survey at Baikka Beel Srimongol 5.30 PM On the way to Hotel 6.00 PM Tee break 6.30 PM Bat survey with mist nets at Lawachara 7.30 PM Check in 8.30 Diner & Discussion Srimongol Day 03 Date : 12 November 2014 Lawachara, Sitesh Zoo Time Activity Remarks 5.30 AM Check out For Lawachara AM Breakfast AM Surveying mammals AM Shooting Gibbon Video 1.00 PM Break with light food 1.20 PM Survey Continues 2.30 PM Lunch at convenient area 3.00 PM Check In

21 Starts surveying at Sitesh 3.30 PM Zoo 5.00 PM Break with tea 6.30 PM Bat survey using mist net 7.30 PM Check in Hotel 8.30 PM Diner 9.00 PM Discussion about survey Day 04 Date : 13 November 2014 Srimongol Lawachara NP, Madhabkunda Ecopark Time Activity Remarks 5.30 AM Check out 6.00 AM Start working in Lawachara 9.30 AM Breakfast AM Start journey for Madhabkunda EP PM Starts work In Madhabkunda 2.00 PM Survey 3.30 PM Lunch 4.15 PM Check In, Srimongol 4.45 PM Tea break 5.00 PM Bat survey at Lawachara 5.45 PM Camera trapping 8.00 PM Diner 8.45 PM Discussion Day 05 Date : 14 November 2014 Lawachara NP, Satchari NP Time Activity Remarks 5.30 AM Check out 8.30 AM Breakfast Srimongal 9.00 AM Lawachara Survey AM Start for Satchari NP AM Starts Survey 1.00 PM Survey 2.00 PM Lunch Local Restaurant 3.30 PM Survey 5.00 PM Bat survey 8.00 PM Nocturnal mammal Survey

22 9.00 PM Dinner Local restaurant 9.30 PM Discussion Day 06 Date: 15 November 2014 Satchari, Dhaka Time Activity Remarks 5.30 AM Check out and survey 9.00 AM Breakfast Satchari AM Survey 1.00 PM Lunch 1.30 PM Off to Dhaka 6.30 PM Reached Jahangirnagar University Campus, Savar, Dhaka 7.00 PM Reached Dhaka Survey Finished