Home to mangroves- trees that can grow in saltwater Mangroves provide housing for fish Greater Sundas home to endangered birds and other animals

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Derek Shawn Gibbs
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2 Home to mangroves- trees that can grow in saltwater Mangroves provide housing for fish Greater Sundas home to endangered birds and other animals Climate in ecosystem varies-lots of biodiversity

3 Sumatra Java Borneo Sulawesi

4 Saltwater crocodile False gharial Crab eating macaque Common Redshank Stork billed kingfisher Spotted billed pelican Irrawaddy dolphin shrimp fish Annato Sugar apple Bankong

5 Species Identification (contd.). (n.d.). Retrieved September 11, 2015, from Mangroves. (n.d.). Retrieved August 27, 2015, from Greater Sundas Mangroves. (n.d.). Retrieved August 27, 2015, from _sundas_mangroves.cfm Sunda Shelf mangroves. (n.d.). Retrieved August 27, 2015, from

7 Greater Sundas Islands Sumatra Java Borneo Sulawesi Characteristics Diverse creatures Hot, muddy, salty conditions Able to survive in extreme conditions Dense intertwining roots Roots are covered with creatures Filtration systems to keep out salt

of mangroves Less living space for the mangrove

8 Mangroves Cut Down For: Agricultural land Settlements Harbors Industrial areas Aquaculture What Happens Loss of mangroves Less living space for the mangrove community Not enough food for organisms Humans will have less resources

9 Main Causes Erosion and land subsidence Tourism Settlement Industrial settings

10 Government acts Maximize use of recycled material Set example for other companies Educate friends and family

11 Aquaculture Over fishing causes ecological imbalance Shrimp farms take up land Pollution Pesticides and fertilizers harm wildlife Oil pollution goes through roots and suffocates trees Overharvesting Irresponsible harvesting dangers tree population Threatens forests if unsustainable

12 Mangrove forests: Threats. (n.d.). Retrieved September 16, Mangroves. (n.d.). Retrieved September 16, Mangrove Alternatives. (n.d.). Retrieved September 16, Solutions to Deforestation. (n.d.). Retrieved September 16, 2015.

14 Endangered species- Hairy Nosed Otter Common name- Hair Nosed Otter Scientific name- Lutra Sumatrana Description- Around 3ft. long Dark brown fur Some have white/beige around the neck Five fingers/claws One of the rarest otter species

15 Hairy nosed otters help keep fish populations at healthy levels in lakes and rivers The hairy nosed otter is a tertiary consumer They eat mainly fish, crabs, frogs, and snakes Poachers may use domestic dog to hunt them, but most large animals that threaten the otters have been removed from specific areas to protect the otters due to low poulation

16 People hunt these otters for there fur and meat Its wetland habitat has been reduced due to human development

17 The population is quite small and unknown in most areas, but U Minha National Park is thought to have around individuals. They re known to live an average of years Its breeding period is known to be from November-February They breed once a year and live to be so there population should be large but is quite small do to poaching

18 Hairy nosed otters are protected by laws and because CITES has listed them as Appendix II they are monitored internationally in trade

19 The Royal Natural History: Mammals (Book) Wikipedia /Caught-camera-Photo-extinct-hairy-nosedotter-Borneo-jungle.html matrana_breeding.html

21 Description: Long tails Grey brown-yellow white Eats fruit, nuts, insects, seeds, bird eggs, crustaceans 7-20 lbs Habitat: rainforests, lowland forests Highly adaptable

22 Macaque is usually a secondary consumer Feeds on birds, crustaceans, insects Prey of tigers, panthers, large reptiles

23 Crab eating macaque eats the chicks & eggs of endangered birds Compete with native species over fruit Interfere with native plants seed distribution Greater Sundas are home to endangered bird species

24 Native to Southeast Asia and parts of Indonesia (Sumatra, Borneo, Java, etc.) Invaded other parts of Indonesia Macaques introduced as pets and emigrated on their own

25 Areas in Asia have bird sanctuaries Debated using drugs that prevent infertility to control populations Some are trapped and exported or researched

26 Sources: Crab-eating macaque. (n.d.). Retrieved August 27, 2015, from /monkeys /macaca-fascicularis Crab-Eating Macaque. (n.d.). Retrieved August 27, 2015, from Ecology of Macaca fascicularis. (n.d.). Retrieved September 9, 2015, from &fr=1&sts=&lang=en Greater Sundas Mangroves. (n.d.). Retrieved August 27, 2015, from _sundas_mangroves.cfm

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