Beaver Creek... 8 Pecos Wilderness... 8 Rio Grande River-White Rock Canyon Historical Gateway Treks 10 In a Nutshell 11

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2 T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S Page PHLMONT EXPLORER TREKS 1 Synopsas of Philmont High Adventure Treks... 2 Program Specialty Treks... 3 Synopsms of Wilderness Gateway Treks... 5 Wilderness Gateway Treks... 7 Wheeler Peak & Latir Lakes 7... Beaver Creek... 8 Pecos Wilderness... 8 Rio Grande River-White Rock Canyon Historical Gateway Treks 10 n a Nutshell Good Leadership Coed Crews Crew Size Crew Size for Wilderness Gateway Treks Crew Composition for Wilderness Gateway Treks Preparing for High Adventure tinerary Selection and Reservation Health and Medical Record The Physical Requirements The Physical Requirements for Wilderness Gateway Treks Physical Training for All Treks Fee Payments Camper nsurance Tour Permit Transportation The Best Time to Arrive at Philmont Mail Arrival Plans to Philmont Bus Driver Accommodations Travel Etiquette Expedition Number Your Philmont Address Philmont's Emergency Phone Number Registration Cards Your Check List When you Arrive at Philmont Processing at Camping Headquarters On the Trail at Philmont Follow Your tineary LEADER'S GUDEBOOK 12 Congratulations 12 Your Responsibilities Are To Organize Your Crew 12 conservation Opportunities 20

3 Table of Contents (con't) Help Protect Philmont ' s Ecology 20 Special Opportunities 21 Wilderness Gateway Trek nformation 21 First Aid 21 Trail Food 21 Clothing & Equipment 21 Crew Equipment PHLMONT EXPLORER TNERARES 23 n Selecting Your tinerary 23 tinerary Pl anning Are You Ready for Wilderness Backpacking? Difficulty of Treks Reserving Your tinerary tineraries and Maps Program. tinerary Charts 26 Staffed Camps-tinerary Chart Philmont Camp Resources 6 Facilities tinerary Rendezvous Locations Programs for Trail Camps Explorer Trek tineraries for 1973 at a Glance Philmont Programs Proposed for EXPLORNG

4 FOREWORD Explorers, B. S.A. Every enthusiastic Explorer craves exciting, rewarding, challenging, superactivities that spell A D V E N T U R E. PHLMONT, owned and operated by the Boy Scouts of America is opening wide its doors of ADVENTURE to Explorers. EXCTNG? You bet! 137,500 acres of rugged, beautiful, inspiring mountains in the Sangre de Cristo range of the Southern Rockies with elevations from 6500 feet to over 12,000 feet. CHALLENGNG? You bet! Back packing, hiking, and camping along 300 miles of forest trails, crawling into your sleeping bags on cool nights and gazing on those millions of sc intillating stars, breathing deep the cool, clean, brisk air. FLEXBLTY? You bet! ON PHLMONT where you can do your own thing. 'Whether it be archaeokgical digs, rock climbing and rapelling, earth science, ecology, trail engineering, or whatever. OFF PHLMONT- White water float trip, hiking and camping through some of the famous wilderness areas of New Mexico - famous names like Pecos, Wheeler Peak, Latir, and many others. SUPERACTTVTES? You bet! Superactivities that are really "Super". That require careful planning and preparation back home. That will give you the opportunity to travel across beautiful America, where you can visit some of the historic landmarks and shrines of our great country. READ ON - The ADVENTURE PLANNNG GUDE has been prepared especially for you Explorers. t has been written by Dave Bates, Philmont's Coordinator of Camping Operations, and Kathy Leach, an outdoorswoman who has the distinction of being the first of two female "rangers" at Philmont in PHLMONT S MORE THAN YOU THNK. e Davis Kir ect or of Camping

5 Special Explorer Treks are being initiated at Philmont in Registration dates for these High Adventure opportunities are June and August These dates have been reserved exclusively for Explorers including coed crews. The three types of treks - designed for every interest - have left nothing to chance, yet have been created to allow full use of your own initiative. The types of treks are:. Philmont High Adventure Treks -- similar to those offered throughout the summer featuring a wide variety of program activities. 11. Program Specialty Treks -- emphasizing particular programs: archaeology, earth science, ecology, fishing, forest engineering, orienteering, rock climbing, survivial Wilderness Gateway Treks -- six days on Philmont followed by some really rugged adventure in Northern New Mexico wilderness areas including Wheeler Peak and Latir Lakes, the Pecos Wilderness, Beaver Creek, and the Rio Grande River for white water rafting. "PEAKS" allows your crew to select its own challenges and programs from treks flexible enough to allow you to fully participate according to your interests.

6 SYNOPSES OF PEiLMONT HGH ADVENTURE meks Trek 1 A&B STRENUOUS- 76 1/2 Miles Offers one of Philmont's longest and most rugged mountain treks. Your entire crew must be in great physical condition and be well organized to tackle this one. Beginning with a rigorous hike up the rugged Rayadc Canyon, where Kit Carson once trapped beaver, this itinerary takes you to all four sections of the Ranch. You will stay at many popular trail camps on this expedition including Comanche Camp, Upper Bench and Mount Phillips, where you gaze at a inagnificent sunset slowly fading over the Sangre de Cristo mountains. Trek 2 A&B TYPCAL /2 Miles Was tremendously pop.ular in 1971 and Perhaps many crews were infatuated with this itinerary because it is a typical trek that incudes a bit of almost everything Philrnont offers. You may climb Mount Phillips, the Tooth of Time and Trail Peak, if you desire. At Urraca you will see the shallow grave of Philmont's "Urraca Man", a mountain man who died about 1840 and whose remains were found by a camper in Beaubien camp, named after one of Philmont's original Spanish owners, provides a truly inspiring layover at 9,350 feet elevation. - Trc:: 3 A&B LESURELY /2 Miles s a uniquely different itinerary. Although leisurely, it is the aspiring mountaineers dream. Side hikes enable you to scale Mount Phillips, Trail Peak,Lookout Peak, Black Mountain and the Tooth. Orienteering maps, courses and cantests at Crater Lake were developed with the assistance of two world champion orienteers from Sweden. At Porcupine you camp along the rippling Rayado,where you may wish to rest and relax after mjoying a hot shower. The exquisite mountain scenery encountered on this trek is unsurpassed on any other. Trek 4 A&B TYPCAL - 56 Miles Offers an unparalleled number of popular program features including burro racing, lumberjack contests and a trueto-life Jicarilla Apache Village. On your second night out you camp alone at Lambert's Mine. Opportunities to climb Mount Phillips, the Tooth, Lookout Peak, Trail Peak and Big Red make this itinerary a delight for prospective mountain climbers. A chuck wagon feast, a Mexican dinner and a flapjack breakfast break the trail menu routine. Crooked Creek is a favorite, secluded shangrila where a rustic cabin surrounded by towering Douglas Firs overlooks a beautiful meadow. Trek 5 A&B TYPCAL /2 Miles s an exciting one! You begin gradually and build to a grand finale by ascend.ing Baldy or, your last day. Burro racing contests at Harlan prolvide a thrilling start. After rock climbing at Dean Cow, you camp on top of Dean Skyline, noted for its commanding view of the Philrnont north country. Two days of archaeology at ndian Vdritinas permits you to see petroglyphs etched in the rock and the remains of ndian dwellings inhabited as early as 900 AD and then search

7 for artifacts with the help of a qualified archaeologist. Copper Park, though 10,5000 feet elevation, is surrounded by towering peaks and high ridges. Watch for rare snowshoe rabbits that inhabit this area. Trek 6 A&B STRENUOUS - 71 Miles Permits you to begin your trek in the Baldy Country. By laying wer at Miranda starting camp your Ranger will be able to accompany you to the summit of Baldy Mountain. Although strenuous, this itinerary begins with several easy hikes to prepare you for a rugged second half. A second layover at Cimarroncito is designed to give you plenty of time for rock climbing, hot showers and some welcome rest and relaxation. A remote paradise at Lookout Meadow offers a fantastic panorama of Philnont. After learning special lumberjack skills at Miner's Park, you pit your ability against other crews. Trek 7 A&B TYPCAL - 70 Miles Was extremely popular in Many fascinating trail camps are included: Upper Dean CO& (where a rustic cow camp cabin still remains), Ute Gulch (within easy walking of Cimarroncito) and Tooth Ridge (located in a Ponderosa forest just east of the mighty Tooth itself). After a leisurely beginning, this itinerary becomes more challenging after you depart ndian Writings. Eell's Park is a picturesque, mountain meadow with an outstanding view of Baldy from the lower end. This itinerary meets itinerary 16 on three occasions and joins itinerary 17 as well at Ponil. Trek 8 & A STRENUOUS /2 Miles s the answer for campers seeking a super-adventurous trek. After a comparatively gradual beginning, you build to a grand finale by climbing all the major peaks on Philmont-Baldy, Mount Phillips, Big Red, Black Mountain and the Tooth of Time. Every member of your crew must be in top-notch #~ysjcal condition. This itinerary covers 80 1/2 miles including the most remote wilderness areas on the Ranch. Between Red Hills and Shaefer' s Pass any route you choose presents a major challenge. Be alert for faint blazes marking the mountaintop trail east of Big Red. Trek 9 A&B LESURELY - 66 Miles Has been a favorite of many crews for the past three summers. Although leisurely, it includes three sections of Philrnont and permits you to climb both Old Baldy and the Tooth. The hikes on this trek are actually challenging,but layovers at Ute Meadows and Cimarroncito make it leisurely. At Black Horse you Camp alone midst the ruins of an old gold milling site. Lumber jack contest at Head of Dean pit your crews skill and energyilgainst others. A delicious flap jack breakfast enables you to get an early start for the Bench. PROGRAM SPECALTY TREKS Trek 10 A&B ARCHAEOLOGY - 45 Miles n no other program is communion with the past so direct and so mysterious as - - in archaeology. Shadows of a previous existence are found in faint petroglyphs

8 on sandstone walls. Excavation may reveal bits of pottery and *carbonized seeds that collectively supply a key to the cultural prehistory of an area. As a participant in archaeological discovery on Philmont, you become aware of the rigorous scientific standards that must be maintained during the effort to pie= together the story of the little-known North Ponil Canyon dwellers as well as the often frustrating challenge to develop a theory that will account for all known facts gathered from explorations into the past. Trek 11 A&B EARTH SCENCE - 57 Miles Each summer Philmont hosts earth scientists from all over the country for a six week study program sponsored by the National Science Foundation. All three major types of rock, sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic, are found here, making Philmont ideal for studying earth forms, and processes. gneous rocks of dacite porphory are visible along the trail to Miner's Park and to Cimarroncito. Evidence of oceanic life can be found in shale near Miner's Park. Some of the oldest rock on Philmont, gneiss and shist, are exposed near Cypher's Mine. Many other intriguing geological formations become evident to the budding geologist. Trek 12 A&B ECOLOGY - 64 Miles Why do northern exposed slopes remain forested while southern exposed slopes ere sparsely vegetated? Why are Ponderosa pines seldom found above 8,000.is&? An ecologist traces these results and their influences in terms of ecosystems. Philmont's main ecosystems are the forest and stream. Each of tkse basic units of ecology will be examined from the aspect of soil types, plant associations, and animal habitats. Topography and elevation are important causal factors pervading each of the ecosystems. At the end of this itinerary you will have a fuller understanding of man's role in a world of nature as well as a knowledge and appreciation of the interrelationships of natural phenomena. Trek 13 A&B FSHNG - 42 Miles Standing on the bank gazing into clear tumbling water, you can see trout darting about in search of insects. Trout fishing in streams demands great stealth, encompassing even the color of shirt the angler wears. As skill improves, you will learn how to creep upstream, wary of the shadc w you throw. After tying your own flies, you can try casting for that big one in a still pool, as you fish the entire eighteen miles of the Rayado. n this leisurely itinerary you will try your luck in Philmont's major trout streams, the nost prolific in New Mexico. Trek 14 A&B ORENTEERNG /2 Miles With the wind cooling your face and pine cones crunching underfoot, you run swiftly through the forest, hurriedly noting the small openings and dry creek beds. A glance at the crumpled map in your sweaty hand reaffirms the direction you cho se. Then a more difficult spot requires the accurate use of your liquid filled cornpsss. The goal, to locate all five designated markers as quickly as you can, characterizes competitive orienteering. Cross-country orienteering is a slower-paced phase in which you set off for your next camp with compass in hand and no trail in sight. Philmont offers you both these avenues of adventure in orienteering.

9 Trek 15 A&B ROCK CLMBNG - 52 Miles Out of man's desire to conquer the impossible comes the sport of rock climbing. Sheer cliffs rising high above ponderosa pines seem virtually unscalable. Yet closer inspection reveals a scant foothold, and an even smaller ledge to grasp with all the strength your fingers can muster, as your belayer above shouts encouragement. nch by inch progress is made until you stand victoriously at the top. Then, the repel...and the tedious ascent becomes worth it as you bounce down to the bottom in seconds. Begin as a novice and develop your skills, or come as a pro and tackle the more difficult ones. Trek 16 A&% SURVVAL /2 Miles Experience in survival is a crucial need to anyone who desires to confront the world of nature. n survival you train your eyes to become more observant, your mind, more resourceful. n learning the best way to face your predicament, you have to surmount your biggest problem, yourself. Not to be overlooked are the vital insights you will gain about your fears and emotions in a realistic survival situation. Furthermore, survival in the wilderness can be applied to other survival ordeals in which you must deal with yourself or with others. SYNOPSES OF WLDERNESS GATEWAY TREKS (first five days) Wilderness Gateway TREK 17 A s designed for crews who wis'n to camp in solitude as well as participate in several exciting programs. This itinerary takes you to three of the most scenic trail camps in the south and central country. You'll meet Clear Creek's mountain men, load and fire their authentic black powder rifles, observe vital aspects of Jicarilla Apache life, such as arrow making and corn grinding, and learn how to fish for trout. Wilderness Gateway TREK 18 A As well as the option to climb two prominent Philmont peaks, you'll enjoy a delicious lumberjack pancake breakfast in the same meadow where prospectors used to have their annual blast. n lumberjack contests every member of the crew gets to prove his mettle. This is the only Wilderness Gateway Trek that allows you to climb the Tooth of Time, Philmont's most famous landmark. Then you proceed to picturesque Clarks Fork and western lore. Wilderness Gateway TREK 19 A Has the unmistakable aura of the frontiersman. At Beaubien you learn the ways of the cowboy, who was instrumental in settling the West. Then on to the domain of the mountain men. Be careful lest they skin your hide and hang it next to the bearskin on their rustic porch. Finally, you return through time to the present and fire a big-bore at Sawmill. Don't miss the Philmont Story, the proper ending to your trek.

10 Wilderness Gateway TREK 20 A On the way to Lower Bonito, a side hike to the top of Trail Peak offers you an outstanding view of Philmont from Baldy all the way to the Tooth of Time. Then you enter the land of the ndian, the land of the cowboy, and finally the land of the lumberjack, all important figures in Philmont's memorable saga. Your last day begins with a mouth-watering, hearty lumberjack's breakfast. Wilderness Gateway TREK 21 A s best for crews who wish to go to the Beaver Creek area. At Crater Lake you can brush up on orienteering. Also, if you plan to fish at Beaver Creek, you can pick up some good pointers and tie your own flies at Porcupine. This itinerary is one of three that offer rock climbing. Wilderness Gateway TREK 22 A s one of the tougher typical itineraries, taking you to the top of Mt. Phillips at 11,711 feet the highest camp on the ranch. t's a great way to get in shape for climbing several of those 13,000 foot peaks during your Wilderness Trek off Philmont. t also provides excellent trout fishing, and is one of the two treks that offer the unique, laughter-filled sport of burro racing. Wilderness Gateway TREK 23 A s a great choice if you want to see the northern section of Philmort and participate in burro packing and rock climbing, two favorite program features. t is the most strenuous 5-day Philmont itinerary. f you plan to cover a lot of territory in your Wilderness Trek off Philmont, you may want to test your stamina with this trek on Philmont. You will also discover how good you are in gaining the cooperation of your "Rocky Mountain Canary" in burro racing. Wilderness Gateway TREK 24 A Lets you re-enter the historic era of the gold miner and the lumberjack. After the scene is set by the unforgetable Philmont story, you will hike to the old gold rush village of Baldy Town. From there you can climb Baldy Mountain. Save your energy, though, because ahead of you still waits two energetic and fun programs lumbering days and rock climbing. Wilderness Gateway TREK 25 A ncludes a two day layover at a high mountain meadow called Copper Park, during which you can climb Philmont's highest mountain, Baldy. You can also prospect for gold in streams gushing down narrow mountain valleys. At Pueblano, after a turn on the.22 rifle range, you will hear a fantastic story of bygone days on Philmont. Your last day on Philmont will begin with a spectacular sunrise viewed from Dean Skyline. Wilderness Gateway TREK 26 A Features survi.va1, a good asset for any crew going into the wilderness. There is Baldy mountain looming before you, waiting to be conquered. You can tour an actual gold mine, pan for gold, and learn about the geology of the area. This Wilderness Gateway Trek also includes riflery and lumbering days. Take a look at 24 A before you decide.

11 Trek 27 A - FOREST ENGNEERNG ts an energetic bushwack along a steep slope of fir-aspen forest covered with deadfall, but one day a trail will lead through there. First, you will "flag-in" a new trail location with bright orange tape, manuevering its position to avoid rock outcrops yet taking advantage of scenic vistas. The actual trail is constructed through the trail crew's skill for they must lay the trail over such difficult terrain as an unavoidable rock slide or steep embankment. From your actual experience you will come to understand berm, backsloping, tread, and Abney level. After its completion a well-built trail will compliment its environment and last for decades. Your entire itinerary will be developed after you arrive at Philmont. WLDERNESS GATEWAY TREKS Wilderness Gateway Treks give you the opportunity to enjoy New Mexico's wilderness areas and historical features. As gateway to the wilderness, Philmont provides a six day training period for you to sharpen your wilderness skills until you are capable of handling any situation. Afterwards, you will experience the real adventure of wilderness backpacking first hand. Equally important, you will see rare geological and ecological features and such high country residents as elk, marmot, bighorn sheep and beaver. A Philmont Ranger will accompany you throughout your trek. WHEELER PEAK & LATR LAKES Millions of years ago when a major portion of the earth's surface was covered with massive ice flows, the southern Rockies of Northern New Mexico were among the mountairssavagely gouged out by glaciers sliding slowly down their sides. n silent contrast to those powerful forces a handful of glacial cirques remain, each one christened with a glistening blue lake, serene as its birth was turbulent. Most of these snow fed lakes are close to timberline and seldom below 11,500 feet. One of the highest is Horseshoe Lake at 11,900 feet, nestled at the foot of one of New Mexico's most prominent mountains, Wheeler Peak (13,161 feet). The surrounding Wheeler Peak Wilderness and the neighboring area around Latir Lakes offer unexcelled fishing, hiking,camping, photography and quiet appreciation. A winding trail, terraced out of the mountainside high above the valley, leads to another high country lake enclosed in a somber spruce forest, then rises up, up, up above timberline to a gentle ridge of continuous alpine meadow, then up again into the mountain tops. A watchful eye may catch the rapid waddle of a sleek, brown marmot before he ducks behind his rocky perch after his piercing whistle alerts his companions. The observant mind will inspect the alpine tundra, a rarity amid Southwestern flora. Early morning risers may be rewarded with a glimpse of majestic elk grazing peacefully. Then, at night, as the days fatigue

12 dows down the pace and the moon's pale reflection on a wind-rippled lake brings self-reflection, nature works her soothing magic, and the high country becomes permanently entwined with your own existence. BEAVER CREEK During the 1880's a huge forest fire devastated the extc~sive ponderosa pine forests in the Toltec area of Carson National Forest. Tobaythe area is slowly becoming reforested with hugh rambling open parklands. Typical of any burn, aspens have slowly begun to reappear along the open stretches of ravaged land. Even more slowly fir and spruce have crept in among the aspen, despite the absence of commanding peaks, this gently rolling expanse averages near 10,000 feet elevation. Furthermore, this area is more primitive and remote than most national wildernesses. A few faint game trails and two primitive roads that eventually lead to an isolated forest service cabin are the only access to this area. Characteristic of any virgin wilderness, this territory teems with wildlife. Elk roam these vast flower-clad meadows. Moreover, populating the numerous small streams along with the beaver are trout enough to challenge any energetic angler. Toward the east lies San Antonio Mountain, a dominating landmark in this area, Visible from most of the Beaver Creek area, this ancient volcanic cone provides a guide over the trailess terrain to Beaver Creek, making this area excellent for cross-country orienteering. Nothing adds to the feeling of being adept in the wilderness like the ability to orient oneself through an unknown region. And nothing will build admiration for men such as Charles Becknell, father of the S anta Fe Trail, and John Wesley Powell, explorer of the Grand Canyon, more than this experience will. f this area is your choice, pick an itinerary that goes to a camp with an orienteering program during your first six days at Philmont. PECOS WLDERNESS The Pecos Wilderness is a mecca for true outdoorsmen and nature lovers. Spanning two national forests, the Santa Fe and the Carson, this national wilderness area of 167,416 acres is the second largest in New Mexico. Within this vast country lie the headwaters of the Pecos River. Consequently, this area teems with numerous small springs, and each valley produces a stream, making camping possibilities a1 most endless. The most outstanding geographical feature is characterictically termed the "Divide". As it sprawls across the Pecos Wilderness for a length of more than thirty miles, the entire ridge surpasses 12,000 feet in elevation. A trail follows most of the high Divide through alpine tundra, offering unlimited breathtaking vistas as well as the elation from seemingly walking on tope of the world. Along the divide emerge peaks with such colorful Spanish names as Jicarita and Chimayosos. Some of the most rugged heights in the Southwest are the four Truchas peaks, rising above the scenic Truchas Lakes. As is fitting, the bighorn sheep find its home in the area around Truchas Peaks.

13 This beautiful lush country has long been a popular haven for elk. Old timers swap grizzly bear tales from an era when the Pecos was rarely penetrated (there are no grizzlies present now). Fishing is magnificent, and often combined with the unsurpassed beauty of secluded high mountain lakes, many of which remain unnamed. The Pecos Wilderness is truly a rugged and arduous area. To penetrate the heart of the Pecos, it is necessary to hike at least miles, or more depending on the starting point. Trails are rarely under 10,000 feet elevation, while the highest peak reaches 13,102 feet. Camp will often be made close to timberline where even in the summer it may freeze. However, for a place where you can become in tune with nature, relax, and appreciate the penetrating silence, this area is unequalled. RO GRAND RVER-WHTE ROCK CANYON A dark purple shadow snakes out across the plain. Without warning the land suddenly plunges to the stream bed of the mighty Rio Grande River. Down there volcanic basalt lie at the water's edge and crayfish lurk near the gentle lapping on the shore. Lush green grass covers the banks while sagebrush and chamisa cling tenaciously to the steep arid slopes above. n some places the current flows languidly toward your destination; in other places the river plummets torrentially through a narrow gap. Such is the Rio Grande, indomitable and many mooded,with its unique character all the more emphasized by your first five days in Philmont's rich green high country. Slowly, over a period of millions of years, the Rio Grande has carved out White Rock Canyon, the most popular stretch of white water in New Mexico. Within this canyon the river ranges from Grade to Grade V on the white water scale of difficulty. Philmont will offer a limited, experimental river rafting program here next summer. With glaring heat bouncing off the canyon walls, you will enter the domain of eagle and bobcat. The next day dressed in hard hat and life jacket, you will begin your wrestle with the wild river. At times the swiftness of the rapids will take your breath away as the spray stings your face. To "shoot the whale belly" through treacherous silt requires just as much skill. On other occasions the river's slowly drifting pace lets you look for eagle's nests or take in the grandeur of the canyon. n the evenings there is time to treat your taste buds to boiled crayfish around a blazing campfire. The sound of moving water is always in the background. There are excellent opportunities for side hikes including a hike to an ndian Pueblo. A hike to Bandelier National Monument takes in two spectacular waterfalls as well as ancient ndian ruins. f rafting has no appeal to your crew, the Rio Grande also has a quiet mood. Some stretches of the river slow down enough to allow good 01' inner tubing, The Canyon opens wide enough to allow a peaceful stroll along the shore. Every bend promises intriguing possibilities for exploring while some areas afford superb fishing. Whatever your yen for excitement, the Rio Grande River

14 provides a fascination you won't want to miss. These white water rafting trips must be limited to only a few crews in HSTORCAL GATEWAY TREKS The Historical Gateway Treks involve a tour of the different cultural and historical attractions. Depending on what particular interests your crew has, the last two or three days of your Philmont trek can be spent visiting a broad assortment of attractions. Nestled close to the Wheeler Peak Mountain Range, Taos is the oldest art colony in the West, and second only to New York in volume of art sales. The home of Kit Carson, famous Scout and ndian Agent, has been preserved as a museum as well as the home of Charles Bent, New Mexico's first territorial governor. The long-inhabited Taos Pueblo is also nearby. Early Spanish influence can be appreciated when you visit St. Francis of Assisi Mission, one of the oldest in the Southwest. A magnificent view of the Rio Grande River and its canyon from the Rio Grande Gorge Bridge leaves you breathless. On the way to Santa Fe, your next stop, you may want to visit one of the ndian pueblos still being used today. n Santa Fe you will spend the night at the College of Santa Fe. Sightseeing possibilities in Santa Fe should include a visit to the Place of the Governors where every day ndians of the different pueblos display their handiwork. Nearby is an excellent anthropology museum. n the same vicinity the oldest house in the U.S. still stands next to the oldest church in the West. On Canyon Road, you'll find many talented artists and craftsmen busily engaged in their work such as weaving, or glass blowing. Santa Fe also proudly owns a world-renown open air opera. The opera season begins July 1st and lasts until August 30th. The nstitute of American ndian Arts, the Museum of New Mexico, and the State Capitol hardly conclude the places to see in one of the most colorful cities in the Southwest. Outside Santa Fe are the Pecos National Monument and the Bandelier National Monument where remnants of pueblo visited by the Spanish explorer Coronado in 1540 still remain. Another intresting stop is Ft. Union National Monument, once a refuge in the midst of a vast desolate country for west-bound travelers on the Santa Fe trail and a formidable fort that housed several thousand soldiers during the mid 1860's. When you finish the tour, you will realize that New Mexico is truly the Land of Enchantment (the state motto). f you choose this option, pick a Philmont High Adventure Trek or program specialty trek from the following list: For the two day tour----1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12. For the three day tour-- 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10. You will be picked up off the trail on the day before you leave on the tour to give you a chance to clean up and to return your crew equipment. Then you will leave after breakfast the next day. Your post uniform would be the appropriate attire for the tour. A two day tour allows a 2 1/2 hour visit to Taos and 4 hours in Santa Fe, stopping

15 overnight in Santa Fe. On the way back to Philmont you will have time to visit one of three national monuments, Bandelier, Pecos or Ft. Union. A three day tour provides more time to see a greater variety of attractions. You will have a whole day to spend in Santa Fe plus a chance to see at least two National monuments. Lodging at the College of Santa Fe costs $2.00 a person for each night. Each person should also bring ample money to pay for his meals, averaging $1.50 a meal. f your crew decides to sample some of Santa Fe's famous "Mexican food, be sure to save around $ $3.00 for that enjoyable event. N A NUTSHELL: The outstanding features of each area are as follows: (W) Wheeler Peak & Latir Lakes high elevation camping mountain climbing glacial cirques (B) Beaver Creek orienteering cross-country hiking ecology (P) Pecos Wilderness (R) Rio Grande River-White Rock Canyon high elevat ion camping rugged mountain climbing waterfalls glacial cirques white water rafting canyon with desert environment inner tubing side hikes These four areas offer.... solitude, photography, fishing, wildlife and the magic of the great outdoors. (H) Historical Gateway Trek Taos - ndian Pueblo Santa Fe Bandalier National Monument Pecos National Monument Fort Union National Monument

16 LEADER'S GUDEBOOK CONGRATULAD ONS For having been selected as a leader for a Philmont expedition. This reflects great credit upon you and your leadership. At the same time, you have assumed a great responsibility. Parents are entrusting their sons and daughters to your care. The Boy Scouts of America are placing their faith and confidence in your leadership. Most ~mportant, the young men and women in your crew are depending on you to realize their hopes, aspirations and dreams of Philmont. YOUR RESPONSBLTES ARE TO 1) Recruit Explorers who are "first class" young men or young women in every way. 2) Organize your expedition, and 3) Train the members of your crews so they will be prepared for a High Wvcnture experience at Philmont. ORGANZE YOUR CREW Philmont is a "Natural" for chartered units. Crews accompanied by their unit leader(s) usually derive the greatest enjoyment and benefits from their Philmont adventure. This becomes - our superactivity for the year, An ideal crew for hiking and camping at Philmont consists of one adult leader and about ten crew members. Two adult leaders per crew is even better since it insures continuity of leadership if one leader becomes incapacitated. More important, two adults can complement each other's leadership and enjoy each other's company on the trail. GOOD LEADERSHP For~xplorer crews desiring to backpack in wilderness areas is essential. The best leadership is usually provided when a crew comes as a unit with their post advisor. f that is not possible, a physically fit adult (age 21 or older) who exercises mature judgement and preferably one who is outdoor oriented should be selected. His leadership must be respected and accepted by the Crew. Explorer crew leaders with similar qualifications should also be carefully selected, by his or her fellow Explorers to lead the crew and to be responsible for making it function smoothly. He or she is the key to a successful Philmont expedition. This booklet should be shared with the crew leader and he or she should share it with all crew members. COED CREWS May register for High Adventure at Philmont from June 15 through June 20 and from August 10 through August 14. All coed crews are required to adhere to the following guidelines:

17 (1) Written parental approval must be secured for all crew members. Leaders should bring signed notes for all crew memkers to Philmont. (2) All crew members must be from the same registered Explorer Post. (3) A married couple must serve as the adult leaders for the expediton. (4) Separate housing must be arranged for the young men and young ladies enroute to and from Philmont and while on the trail. CREW SZE We have found that the best numerical size for a Philmont crew is persons, including adult leaders. These itineraries have been developed for this number. You will be helping yourselves, as well as Philmont, by limiting the size of your crew to this number (10-14). You will find hiking easier, food distribution best, program opportunities greater and campsites that comfortably accommodate persons. For example, a contingent of, let us say, 120 campers and leaders should be devided into nine to twelve crews, with each crew selecting its own itinerary choices. We recommend that council contingents and other large groups divide their crews according to hiking and camping abilities in so far as possible. Then each crew can choose an itinerary that corresponds to its ability and travel at its own pace. "A&B" itineraries (1 through 16) allow two crews of persons each, to follow the same itinerary throughout your expedition, through not necessarily together. f you have two crews that wish to stay together, please choose from the itineraries which are specifically designed for that purpose. Crews of more than 28 persons are requested to divide into smaller crews that are more managable. CREW SZE FOR WLDERNESS GATEWAY TREKS s limited to ten plus one leader. This is in keeping with recommendations of the U. S. Forest Service as well as ecological considerations designed to preserve these areas for future generations. Larger groups also tend to detract from the wilderness atmosphere and thus lose much of the benefit to be derived from these treks, Smaller crews are more in harmony with nature and wildlife. Therefore, crews of eleven (11) have been established as the maximum. f you have a group of 12 or more who wish to take a wilderness gateway trek, you should organize multiple crews with no crew exceeding eleven (11) persons including leaders. Minimum crew size for these treks is three (3). CREW COMPOSTON FOR WLDERNESS GATEWAY TREKS The older the members of your crew are, the more likely they will be able to adjust to the rigors of wilderness backpacking, and thus, the more likely they will be to really enjoy the trek. Registered Explorer Posts specializing in backpacking, hiking, camping or

18 white water rafting (if you're planning on a Rio Grande River trek) are also recommended. Plan to come as a Post, if possible. f your crew is provisional (composed of Explorers from different units), you must weld them together into a smoothly functioning team. Wilderness Gateway Treks are not recommended for the novice. The physical stamina, backpacking and camping skills and mature judgment needed for a successful wilderness trek far surpass the requirements for the typical Philmont trek, and they are not easy. PREPARNG FOR HGH ADVENTURE A Philmont Explorer Trek is a superactivity requiring careful planning and preparation. Numerous matters need your attention before departing for Philmont. The key ones are listed below. As an expedition leader you may find it helpful to review this list with your council staff coordinator. TNERARY SELECTON AND RESERVATON Before May 1 you should submityour crew's itinerary choices to Philmont on the postcard inside the front cover of this booklet. Procedures for selecting and reserving your itinerary are outlined in the itinerary section of this booklet. HEALTH AND MEDCAL RECORD Every crew member and leader is required to have a medical inspection at home before departing for Philmont. The Health and Medical Record, No. 4431, should be used. Each person is also required to have a tetnaus shot or booster within five years. f these services must be performed at Philmont, you will be charged accordingly. THE PHYSCAL REQUREMENTS For yourself and your crew members are rigorous. EVERY camper at Philmont must be physically strong. Everyofie must be capable of carrying his or her pack, weighing pounds, over rugged mountain trails at high elevations. ndividuals who are excessively overweight, who have physical disabilities that prevent them from backpacking over rough terrain, or who have heart conditions or high blood pressure should NOT consider coming to Philmont. THE PHYSCAL REQUREMENTS FOR WLDERNESS GATEWAY TREKS Especially in the Pecos, Vaeeler-Latir and Beaver Creek areas, are particularly demanding. n the Pecos you will be backpacking at an average elevation of 10,000 to 12,000 feet. Some trails surpass 12,500 feet and several peaks are higher yet - 13,000 feet plus. Thin air makes breathing difficult. Your heart will be pounding with each step. Persons with high blood pressure will not be permitted to risk backpacking in these areas. Leaders, especially, should have a doctor carefully check their blood pressure (both at rest and after activity) before becoming involved in preparing for these strenuous treks into isolated wilderness areas where a

19 doctor will not be available. f you have high kbod pressure or a heart condition, DO NOT plan to come to Philmont and most certainly DO NOT plan to take a wilderness gateway trek. These wilderness treks are not for the weak-willed. Trails will be steep and rocky. You will start out with five days of food stuffed into your packs. Once you have hiked into these remote wilderness areas, there is no turning back. There are no access roads. You are strictly on your own. Of course, a Philmont ranger will be on hand to assist you, but he cannot be expected to perform miracles. PHYSCAL TRANNG FOR ALL TREKS s highly recommended. The "Guidebook to Adventure" describes the training you need for your Philmont adventure. The success of your expeditbn depends upon the thoroughness of your training. An established training program is heartily recommended, The best way to prepare for a rugged backpacking adventure is to do a lot of backpacking before you come to Philmont. Be sure to select a hilly area for your training. Start with just a five mile hike carrying a pound pack. Then increase your mileage to 10, 15 and 20 mile hikes. When you can backpack 15 to 20 miles without feeling uncomfortable, you are ready for a Wild, vnea s Gateway Trek near Philmont. Be sure to hike often enough to toughen your feet so they will be less susceptible to blisters. f you are planning to take a Wilderness Gateway Trek, a continuous program of physical training for several months prior to your trek is a must. On these treks you will carry all five days supply of trail food, while backpacking at high elevations (between 9,000 and 13,000 feet) on exceedingly rugged trails. You must be in shape to enjoy the vast array of wilderness splendor. FEE PAYMENTS Your council has established a schedule of fee payments. Make certain you have a copy of this schedule and that every member of the crew follows it. The reservation fee of $5.00 per camper is part of the total fee. This advance fee is non-refundable for any camper unable to attend. One adult leader is permitted to come free with each crew of 10 paid campers (if a crew has fewer than 10 paid campers, the leader is required to pay the full camper fee); a fourth adult leader may come free with each 30 paid campers. Additional leaders may come to Philmont by paying the regular camper fee. Your fee will be.... $72.00 for Philmont High Adventure and Program Specialty Treks. This is the standard Philrnont fee. $95.OO for Wilderness Gateway Treks (except the Rio Grande- White Rock Canyon Trek. The additional cost includes a Philmont Ranger for the entire trek, special light weight convenience trail foods, maps and transportation to and from the wilderness.

20 $95.OO plus fees for your food and lodging while you are away from Philmont for Historical Gateway Treks. The additional Philmont charge is for transportation. $ for the Rio Grande diver-white Rock Canyon white water raftin( trip that includes a Philmont Ranger for the en1.re trek, special lightweight convenience trail foods,,:aps, rafts, paddles and transportation. CAMPER NSURANCE The Boy Scouts of America carry complete insurance coverage for every expedition member from the time you leave home until you return. A flyer included with your leader's information kit describes this protection in detail. TOUR PERMT An application for a tour permit, Form No. 4419, is also included in your leader's kit. Complete this form and follow the instructions for transmitting it for approval. When approved, you will receive a National Tour Permit, Form No Carry this form with you throughout your trip and bring it to the Philmont registrar's office when you arrive. Refer to Campways-BSA Atlas and Tours and Expeditions for helpful information on trip planning, places to stay, points of interest en route, prices, etc.. These guides are available through your local council a the National Supply Boy Scouts of America, North Brunswick, New Jersey TRANSPORTATON Most contigents travel to Philmont by bus, airplane or train. Here is the pertinent information on travel: Service, BUS Chartered buses come directly to Philmont, five miles south of Cimarron, New Mexico TRAN AMTRACK (Santa Fe) : Raton, New Mexico is the nearest station, 45 miles northeast of Philmont. A Philmont bus may be scheduled to pick up your group in Raton and return for $3.00 per person. TRAN AMTRACK (Burlington-Northern): Groups traveling from the East by train will be taken to Denver. Philmont is attempting to arrang a continuation of the reailroad package plan including bus transportation from Denver to Philmont. Groups traveling from the South by railroad will be transported to Trinidad, Colorado. A Philmont bus may be scheduled to transport your group from Trinidad to Philmont and return for $5.00 per person. ARPLANE--An increasing number of contingents are finding commercial airlines the most economical and the most satisfying mode of travel to

21 Philmont, particularly where distances are long and time is limited. Commercial flights to Denver (250 miles from Philmont), Albuquerque (200 miles from Philmont), Colorado Springs (180 Miles from Philmont) and Pueblo (150 mi1es)can be arranged. Supplemental chartered jets services offering package plans with reduced group rates are also available. Although one large passenger bus owned and operated by Swope Livestock Company is available for transportation from the above cities, a confirmed charter bus to Philmont is best to assure your transportation. To arrange scheduling this one 40-passenger bus contact Philmont after June 1. THE BEST TME TO ARRVE AT PHLMONT Early afternoon or morning is the best time to arrive at Philmont. This enables your crew to quickly process through Camping Headquarters and to depart for the trail early the next morning. Your arrival time will determine your first meal at Philmont. Meals are served at the following times: Continental Breakfast 5:45 a.m. Continental Breakfasts Regular Breakfast 6:45-8:00 a.m. must be arranged at the Lunch 12:OO - 1:00 p.m. Control Center (tinerary Supper 6:00-7:00 p.m. planning office) upon your arrival. Groups that cannot meet this schedule should plan to eat en route. f you cannot arrive at Philmont by the time indicated on your arrival plans card, please notify us by calling Please note that Explorer Treks last 12 full days - you arrive on day 1 and depart on day 13. The Philmont fee covers 36 meals and 12 night's lodging. MAL ARRVAL PLANS TO PHLMONT The postcard inside the back cover is for indicating your arrival plans at Philmont. You are requested to fill out and send this card to Philmont three weeks before your departure. Our Camping Headquarters Food Service Manager and others need to know when to expect you. BUS DRVER ACCOMMODATONS Bus drivers have several alternatives. They may wish to: (1) Stay in Cimarron at the Cimarron Hotel, Cimarron Motel Trailer & Camper Park, Don Diego Hotel-Motel or the Kit Carson Motel. Prior reservations are recommended. (2) Stay in tent city at Camping Headquarters for $6.OO per day, which includes both meals and lodging. (3) Go with you on your trek. n this case, your driver will need to have the

22 medical inspection described earlier. TRAVEL ETQUETTE Here are a few "rules of the road" for you and your crew to remember as you travel to and from Philmont. Wear your Explorer uniform proudly. You are members of the Boy Scouts of America, the greatest youth organization in the world. An Explorer properly uniformed, sharp appearing, courteous and well-mannered is the best medium for public relations. Use the buddy system - no one person ever leaves the group alone. Telephone ahead to your next night's stopover and special eating places to make certain they are expecting you. Don't smoke in public. Smoke may be offensive to those around you. Express appreciation to those who extend courtesies to you along the way. EXPEDTON NUMBER Your expedition number identifies your crew. All members of your crew and their parents must know it. Your mail and emergency phone calls will be transmitted to you much more quickly if all parents have your complete, correct expedition number. Refer to the "Guidebook to Adventure " for an explanation of your expedition number. YOUR PHLMONT ADDRESS PHLMONT'S EMERGENCY PHONE NUMBER Your Name Expedition Number PHLMONT Cimarron, New Mexico Please call only for EMERGENCES. REGSTRATON CARDS These cards are vital to Philmont for sorting your crew's mail and for emergencies. They must be completely filled out-including your complete expedition number. Bring them with you to Philmont in alphabetical order by crews.

23 YOUR CHECK LST Written Parental Approval (required for coed crew members).... Five Top Choices of tineraries Selected & Mailed by May tinerary Number Reserved for you by Philmont... Health & Medical Records Complete and Signed by a aoctor..... Physical Training Plan Developed and nitiated,.... Fee Payment Collected and Submitted(S35.00 is due by March 15).... Tour Permit Application Complete and Approved.... Transportation To and From Philmont Arranged... Arrival Plan card Mailed to Philmont 3 Weeks Before Arrival..... Bus Drivers Accomodations Arranged... Expedition Number Given to All Parents and Crew Members..... Your Philmont Address Given to All Parents and Friends..... Philmont's Emergency Phone Number Given to All Parents..... Registration Cards Complete 3nd in Alphabetical 0 rder by Crews... Other -Write n......

24 WHEN YOU ARRVE AT PHLMONT PROCESSNG AT CAMPNG HEADQUARTERS A Ranger will be assigned to your crew during your initial processing through Camping Headquarters and will guide you through the steps outlined in your "Guidebook to Adventure". You will save time by carrying all Philmont materials with you and by putting your medical forms and registration cards in alphabetical order by crews. Finally, be sure to attend the Leaders' orientation conducted very morning in the old staff lounge at 6:45 A. M., Leaders should plan to eat breakfast early, 6:15 A.M., with the staff to be present for this important meeting with Philmont's Director of Camping. ON THE TRAL AT PHLMONT Remember, you are responsible for all members of your crew. Some will be stronger than others. The strong should help the weak. A Philmont trek is a team effort-everyone works together and encourages his fellow crew members. A crew with an enthusiastic spirit can do far more than you ever dreamed possible. Keep your crew's moral high, as well as your own. FOLLOW YOUR TNERARY While traveling on Philmont, follow your itinerary as planned, unless an emergency dictates otherwise. Camp only where scheduled. This enables us to know where to contact you for emergency phone calls or natural disasters such as flooding, forest fires or damaging winds. t also helps us avoid organizing an unnecessary search to find you. CONSERVATON OPPORTUNTES Are not available on Wilderness Gateway Treks. The four hours of conservathn required for the Philmont arrowhead patch will be waived for crews taking these treks. However, you will be expected to take advantage of every opportunity to do conservation including clearing deadfall from trails and removing unsightly fire lays that are no longer used. You are also expected to pick up litter along the trail and to always leave your campsite cleaner than you found it. Any required conservation you need for the Fifty Miler or other award must be done under the supervision of a Conservationist during the six days you spend on Philmont; otherwise you will have to complete it back in your local council. HELP PROT.ECT PHLMONT'S ECOLOGY Unsightly landfills for garbage disposal have been eliminated at Philmont in accordance with State regulations. All garbage is hauled from staffed camps to Camping Headquarters for proper disposal. Your cooperation is needed to continue this consciencious effort so that our trails will remain litter free. We need to protect and not abuse Philmont's ecology. Please have your crew carry all unburnable garbage to a staffed camp