APPENDIX A: DRAFT STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

Transcription

1 APPENDIX A: DRAFT STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Address: 1018 Greenwood Drive Common Name: "Fairview - The McMillan Farmhouse Legal Description: PLAN 97 PT LOT 4 RP 20R PART 2 INTRODUCTION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY Fairview The McMillan Farmhouse, located at 1018 Greenwood Drive, is situated on the south side of Greenwood Drive and east side of Francis Road and is surrounded by the Greenwood Cemetery in Burlington. The property contains a two-and-a-half storey red brick house with a one storey red brick rear wing, constructed between 1906 and Location Map:

2 Aerial Photo (2013):

3 Photographs: Image 1: Façade (North Elevation) (Nov. 2014) Image 2: Façade and West Elevation (Nov. 2014) Image 3: West Elevation

4 Image 4: Stained Glass Window on West Elevation Image 5: Fieldstone Foundation (Aug.21, 2015) Image 6: Repurposed Stained Glass Window Panel on Entrance Door

5 Image 7: South Elevation Image 7: South and East Elevations Image 8: East Elevation

6 STATEMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE VALUE / INTEREST Physical / Design Value Fairview The McMillan Farmhouse is a good representation of an Edwardian style house. Edwardian style is a simple, classical and balanced style; a transition from ornate Queen Anne to the later more simple 20 th century style; and was popular in Ontario from 1900 to This house exhibits elements typical to Edwardian style including: a two-and-half storey brick construction with a hip roof, brick voussoirs, rectangular massing, and the balanced location of doors and windows. The hip roof is broken by an offset pedimented gable with a small window. The two bay façade is asymmetrical with projecting frontispiece topped by the pediment gable, under which is a window in the second storey. A flat roof tops the front addition (which encloses the original porch) continues around and along the entire width of the east elevation, adorned with a simple balustrade. The east elevation has two window openings on the second floor that are offset toward the rear of the building. The first floor of the east elevation now has an entrance door, where the small window opening that originally housed the stained glass panel once was. Two brick chimneys are extant, one at the west, flanked by two small windows that contain stained glass; and one on the south elevation. The west elevation has a large first storey bay window with a hip roof. The rear of the building has a one storey red brick wing with a hip roof. Historical / Associative Value The McMillan Farmhouse is associated with George Blair, a notable local builder. The house was built between 1906 and 1907 by George Blair for John Alexander McMillan. Blair was a Master Builder who constructed a number of residential homes in downtown Burlington. The property and farmhouse are also associated with the McMillan Family, prominent market gardeners. The McMillan Family has owned the property for over 100 years. John McMillan purchased the 20 acre property on January 11, The McMillan Family was prominent fruit and vegetable growers in Burlington. Alexander McMillan, John's father, was a market gardener who purchased 10 acres of land in Brant's Block on King Road (later Sand Road, now Greenwood Drive) in In 1906 Alexander, along with his sons John and Frank, collectively held 45 acres of land for their enterprise. Burlington at this time was known as the Garden of Canada for its fertile land and warm climate, which is optimal for growing fruits and vegetables. Aside from the optimal climate and soil for growing fruits and vegetables, market gardening was

7 possible due to the large amount of land that the typical farmer had, as well as access to rail that allowed them to easily transport their products outside of Burlington. Produce was generally sold to wholesalers or shipped to Toronto during the growing season and taken to the Hamilton Market during the fall harvest. John McMillan and his wife Chrissie (Christianna) moved into 'Fairview' in The McMillan Family contributed to grow their holdings, and by 1920 they gardened over 70 acres. John A. and Chrissie's youngest son (John) Edgar McMillan received and acquired the bulk of Alexander's estate following his death and continued in the family business of market gardening. The property stayed in the family passing to (John) Edgar and his wife (Erie) Pauline, who had a son Lorne John Grant McMillan in As the only child, Lorne received the property following his father's (John E. McMillan) death in 1984 (his mother Pauline died in 1991), and remains living there today. Although the agricultural land around the property has been donated to the Greenwood cemetery, the house stands as a reminder of the Market Garden industry in Burlington. Contextual Value The Fairview farmhouse is located west of the oldest section of the Greenwood Cemetery. Initially James C. Filman (previous property owner) sold eight acres of land to The Greenwood Cemetery Company in Many members of the McMillan Family are buried in the Greenwood Cemetery including Alexander and Charlotte, John and Chrissie, and Edgar and Pauline. Lorne McMillan donated approximately two acres of his property to The City of Burlington for use by the Greenwood Cemetery in Lorne retains approximately ¾ of an acre of the property which includes the Fairview. Cultural Heritage Attributes Contextual relationship of the property and the farmhouse to the neighbourhood and the Greenwood Cemetery ; Historical relationship of the property and the farmhouse to the master builder George Blair and the McMillan Family; Two-and-a-half storey structure with a one storey rear wing, both with red brick exterior and hip roof; Hip roof (main structure) broken by an offset projecting pedimented gable with a small window; Asymmetrical two-bay façade with projecting frontispiece with double window openings, under the pedimented gable; Original stained glass panel on the entrance door in the east elevation;

8 Hip-roofed bay window on the west elevation with window openings on each of the three sides; Brick chimney flanked by two small stained glass windows on the west elevation; Two window openings on the second storey of the east elevation; All window openings on the red brick sections with brick voussoirs and stone sills; Central brick chimney on the south elevation; and Fieldstone foundation.

9 Address: 2085 Caroline Street Suggested Name: The Ellis Hughes Cleaver Jr. House Legal Description: PLAN 99 PT LOT 89 PLAN 223 LOT 2 INTRODUCTION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY The Ellis Hughes Cleaver Jr. House, located at 2085 Caroline Street, is situated on the northeast corner of Caroline and Emerald Streets. The property consists of a two storey red brick residence, constructed in Location Map:

10 Aerial Photo (2013):

11 Photographs: Image 9: Façade (South Elevation) Image 10: Detail of Front Entranceway Image 11: Detail of Wide Eaves and Wood Soffit

12 Image 12: Façade and East Elevation Image 13: East Elevation Image 6: West Elevation

13 STATEMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE VALUE / INTEREST Physical / Design Value The Ellis Hughes Cleaver Jr. House is a good example of a two storey brick Georgian Revival style house. Typical of this style: it has a hip roof, two chimneys at each end of the roof, and a symmetrical three bay façade with central main entrance. The house displays Arts and Crafts influences in its dark red brick colour, projecting hood with radiating wooden beams in the gable located over the entrances (front and rear), and wide tiled stairs leading to the main entrance. There is a horizontal band of projecting bricks underneath the second storey windows that wraps around the entire building. All the first storey window openings have brick voussoirs and brick sills. There is a one storey dark red brick wing on the west elevation that has flat roof with very wide eaves and a simple wrought iron railing. Historical / Associative Value The subject property is associated with Ellis Hughes Cleaver Jr., a prominent lawyer, local businessman, developer, and politician. In 1893, the property was bought by Ellis Hughes Cleaver Sr., who was a lawyer and father of E. H. Cleaver Jr. Ellis H. Cleaver Sr. also served as a Reeve of the Town of Burlington. The property was granted to E. H. Cleaver Jr. from his father (Ellis H.Cleaver Sr.) in The house on the property was built in circa 1924 for E. H. Cleaver Jr. and his wife Ariel Shapland. They lived in a smaller bungalow on 514 Pearl Street and moved to this grand house at first pinnacle of Cleaver Jr. s career. E. H. Cleaver Jr. was a lawyer and worked alongside his father, E. H. Cleaver Sr. at the firm Cleaver and Cleaver. In 1918, Cleaver Jr. was Reeve for Burlington, but he left the law practice and resigned as Reeve to enlist in the war effort overseas. He enlisted as private in a tank battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force. In 1920, Cleaver Jr. served as Mayor of Burlington. Hughes Cleaver Jr. developed the neighbourhood where the subject house is situated. His development plan for this area (Plan 134, Crescent Survey, 1911) that included Emerald Street and its wide boulevards was the prototype of Rossmore Bulevard in Roseland, his later development. In 1929, he partnered with English Inns Ltd. in the building of the Pig & Whistle Inn (5527 Lakeshore Road) that was considered to be one of Cleaver Jr.'s greatest ventures. Other business ventures by Cleaver Jr. included the formation and operation of Bluebird Bus Lines (2015 Lakeshore Road), a fox farm on Caroline Street, and a cure-all remedy called radium water which was said to have been ended for one patient s troubles altogether.

14 The Cleaver Family only lived in the subject property for five years. In 1929, stock market crash left Cleave Jr. financially devastated. At this time, he sold the property to his father Ellis H. Cleaver Sr. The property was subsequently sold to Edward and Gertrude Dickson in Cleaver Jr. was also disbarred by the Law Society for misuse of clients funds. Even after this occurrence, he was still nominated and elected as an MP. He was an MP for Halton from 1935 to1953. He repaid his creditors and was reinstated by the Law Society in Following his reinstatement, Cleaver relinquished his seat in Parliament to practice law. Contextual Value The Ellis Hughes Cleaver Jr. House is located on a prominent corner of Caroline and Emerald Streets. The house makes a strong contribution to the varied heritage quality of Caroline Street. The house is part of a neighbourhood of colonial revival buildings with well-maintained boulevards and mature trees, developed by Cleaver Jr. Cultural Heritage Attributes Contextual relationship of the house to the neighbourhood of colonial revival buildings; Historical relationship of the property and the house to the Cleaver Family; Two storey wood-framed structure with dark red brick exterior; Hip roof with very wide eaves and wood soffits; Symmetrical three bay façade with central main entrance; Projecting hood with radiating wooden beams in the gable over the main / front entranceway; Wide, tiled steps leading to front entrance; Horizontal band of projecting bricks, underneath the second storey windows, wraps around the entire building; Multi-panned window openings; All first storey window openings with brick voussoirs and brick sills; Two-bay east and west elevations feature a brick chimney on each; One storey dark red brick wing with flat roof and very wide eaves, and a simple wrought iron railing on the west elevation;

15 Projecting hood with radiating wooden beams in the gable over the rear entranceway; and One centrally located window on the second storey of the rear elevation.

16 Address: 6201 Walkers Line Suggested Name: The John Readhead Senior House Legal Description: Concession 5 NS Part Lot 7 RP 20R-7789 Part 1 & 2 INTRODUCTION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY The John Readhead Senior House, located at 6201 Walker s Line, is situated on the east side of Walker s Line and north side of Britannia Road in Burlington. The property consists of a red brick residence, constructed in Location Map:

17 Aerial Photo (2013):

18 Photographs: Image 14: Façade (West Elevation) (Nov. 6, 2014) Image 15: Detail of Steeply Pitched Gable on Façade; Image 3 & 4: Detail of Window: Brick Voussoirs and Wood surrounds with diamond and fine vine motif

19 Image 16: Façade and South Elevation Image 6: Detail of South Elevation Image 7: Detail of Foundation of Addition on South Elevation

20 Image 8: Rear (East Elevation) Image 917: Detail of North Elevation Image 18: Detail of North Elevation

21 STATEMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE VALUE / INTEREST Physical / Design Value The John Readhead Senior House is a very good example of a Victorian vernacular farmhouse. This two storey red brick structure has an L-shaped floor plan with a two storey red brick rear wing. The façade has a low-pitched gable and a steeply-pitched gable. Most of the window openings are segmentally arched with brick voussoirs, wood surrounds, and sills. The steeply pitched gable features an arched window opening with brick voussoirs, wooden hoodmould, and sill. The south elevation has a projecting rectangular bay window with brackets, and window openings on each of the three sides. The house shows a high degree of craftsmanship that can be seen in the bargeboard with a pattern of lines and circles in the low-pitched gable on the façade and south elevation, the intricate relief bargeboard with a sunburst pattern in the steeply-pitched gable, and the wooden window surrounds with diamond and fine vine motif. The house is constructed with stone foundation that punctuated by segmentally arched basement windows on the north and south elevations. Historical / Associative Value The John Readhead Senior House is associated with the prominent local Readhead Family. In 1881, the subject property was purchased by John Readhead Sr. from John Mathieson and his wife (who had purchased it from John J.C. McGregor). The house was built shortly after in John Readhead Sr. settled in the Township of Nelson in He was a farmer, and also worked in the lumber trade. Most notably, he owned the Lowville sawmill that burned in 1890, but was rebuilt. John Readhead Sr. was very active in the community; he was a member of the Nelson Township Council from 1879 to1882, and the secretary / treasurer for S.S. #9 Lowville School for 21 years. In 1902, Readhead Sr. sold the property to his eldest son Charles. However, Charles likely did not live here as he farmed the adjacent property. Charles, like his father, was involved in municipal politics as a Township Councillor for 16 years (2 years of which were spent as Deputy Reeve, 6 years as Reeve, and 8 years as County Councillor) and was elected Halton County Warden in Charles was also active with the Nelson School Board for 14 years prior to the amalgamation of the Nelson and Burlington school boards. Contextual Value The John Readhead Senior House is a farmhouse on a large property. This property contributes to the rural and scenic character of Walker s Line. The property is

22 historically linked to its surroundings as the nearby 6059 Walkers Line was also owned by the Readhead Family. Cultural Heritage Attributes Contextual relationship of the property and the farmhouse to the surroundings and in the rural and scenic character of Walker s line; Historical relationship of the property and the farmhouse to the Readhead Family; Two storey red brick structure; L-shaped floor plan with a two storey red brick rear wing; Façade features a low-pitched gable and a steeply-pitched gable; Low-pitched gable with bargeboard of a pattern of lines and circles; Steeply-pitched gable with intricate relief bargeboard of a sunburst pattern; Three segmentally arched window openings (two on the first storey and one on the second storey) on façade with brick voussoirs and sills, under the low-pitched gable; An arched window opening with brick voussoirs, a wooden hoodmould, and sill under the steeply-pitched gable; South elevation gable-end with bargeboard of a pattern of lines and circles; Two segmentally arched window openings with brick voussoirs, and sills on the second storey of the south elevation; Projecting rectangular bay on the south elevation features roof brackets, and window openings on each of the three sides; Two segmentally arched window openings with brick voussoirs, and sills on the north elevation; Red brick rear wing: East elevation - A segmentally arched window opening with brick voussoirs, and sill on the second storey; All segmentally arched window openings display wood surrounds that feature diamond and fine vine motif at the top (except second storey window openings of east and north elevations of the red brick rear wing, and west elevation of the main structure); Stone foundation;

23 Two segmentally arched basement window openings with brick voussoirs in the foundation of the north elevation; and A basement window opening with brick voussoir in the foundation of the south elevation.

24 Address: 1375 Ontario Street Common Name: The Gingerbread House Legal Description: Plan 90, Lots 11, 12, and Part Lot 13 INTRODUCTION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY The Gingerbread House, located at 1375 Ontario Street, is situated at the northeast corner of Hager Avenue and Ontario Street in Burlington. The property consists of a two-and-a-half storey residence, constructed in Location Map:

25 Aerial Photo (2013):

26 Photographs: Image 19: Façade (South Elevation) (Nov. 21, 2014) Image 20: Detail of Gable and Chimney on Façade Image 21: Detail of Porch Image 22: Detail of Porch Pediment

27 Image 5: Detail of Southeast Elevation Image 6: Southeast Elevation (Nov. 21, 2014) Image 7 (left): Detail of Window with Stained Glass & Decorative Wood Cladding on East Elevation Image 8 (right): Detail of Bay Window with Stained Glass & Decorative Wood Cladding on East Elevation

28 Image 23: Detail of Bay Window with Stained Glass & Decorative Wood Cladding on East Elevation Image 10: Detail of Entrance Door on Façade Image 11: West Elevation (Nov. 21, 2014) Image 12: North and West Elevations (Nov. 21, 2014)

29 Image 24: Carriage House (new) Image 14: Detail of Decorative Wood Cladding on Nortn Elevation Image 15: Detail of Decorative Wood Cladding on North Elevation

30 STATEMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE VALUE / INTEREST Physical / Design Value The Gingerbread House is an extravagant example of the Queen Anne style. Typical of the Queen Anne style is the complex roofline with dominant gable on the façade, spindle work, various decorative details including the eaves brackets, cornices, decorative bargeboard along the gables, and the various contrasting mouldings throughout the building s exterior. The house demonstrates the Coleman Brothers building techniques. Typical of the techniques are the exuberant display of carpentry and decoration skills. The house s complexity is pulled together by a variety of decorative wood cladding found in bands that continue around the entire house including: Board and Batten, fish scale shingles, square cut shingles, horizontal panels with four rows of beads, and vertical alternating plain and beaded panels. Stained glass windows also add to the building s grandeur, these have a brightly coloured rectangular glass border along the top and sides of the upper sash. Other stained glass windows on the building are found in the bay windows and feature complex flower pattern in the centre and leaf patterns on either side. Although the diversity and variety of details is the predominant characteristic of the house, there are some individual features of note. These features include: the chimney with first storey arched stained glass window with brick voussoirs and wood surround and sill set into the chimney; elaborate entablature with moulded cornice, fan motif frieze which also has alternating large then small brackets, and projecting architrave; and the pedimented gable over the verandah with medallion motif made of individual turned posts, wooden balls, dentils; and the verandah itself that features dentils under the roofline and scroll work brackets and turned post balustrades. The Gingerbread House has been added to over time, but the additions have stayed true to the characteristic over-the-top woodwork and details. The major addition is the L- shaped rear addition that displays the bands of decorative wood cladding and elaborate entablature under the roofline. Another addition of note is the details of the Carriage House. An early drawing shows the carriage house was a plain gable roof structure with Board and Batten exterior, which now has extensive wood details including a finial, bargeboard in the gable, extended roofline with a quarter sunburst pattern, shingle siding, and a balcony supported by a large bracket.

31 Historical / Associative Value The Gingerbread House is associated with Alfred Brigham (A.B.) Coleman, a wellknown builder not just in Burlington but also in Ontario. The Coleman brothers were major builders in the Town of Burlington from The Coleman Brothers worked together on many homes as speculative project. A.B. Coleman purchased the Brant House property and established the Brant Hotel in He is also notable for his construction of buildings at the Canadian National Exhibition, Shea s Hippodrome, Convocation Hall at University of Toronto, Westminster Hospital in London, and some buildings at the Fort Erie Racetrack. He later returned to Burlington to develop Indian Point as an up-scale vacation destination. A.B. Coleman s brother, C.F. Coleman, was a painter and a decorator; and his other brother James was a carpenter. C.F. Coleman took mortgages to build houses on two lots at 447 and 451 Nelson Avenue and on Ontario Street, where the other two identical houses are located (1286 and 1290). All four identical houses and one very similar house at 1280 Ontario Street were built by the Coleman Brothers in 1894 or A.B. Coleman built his own house at 479 Nelson Avenue (designated in 1982) and the Gingerbread House at 1375 Ontario Street. Upon its completion, A.B. Coleman sold the house to Dr. George Metherell in Dr. George Metherell moved to Burlington from Hamilton, where he had been practicing medicine. The Gingerbread House functioned as both Dr. Metherell's residence and office, a common practice for the time. Dr. Metherell also made house calls to local residents using a buggy he kept in the carriage house. Contextual Value The Gingerbread House is located on a prominent corner of Ontario Street and Hager Avenue. The elaborate architecture of the subject house makes it one of the Burlington s best-known landmarks. Cultural Heritage Attributes Contextual relationship of the house to the neighbourhood and Ontario Street for its elaborate architecture; Historical relationship of the house to the well-known builder, Alfred Brigham (A.B.) Coleman, in Ontario; Two-and-a-half storey frame structure; Variety of decorative wood cladding in bands that continue around the entire house as well as in the pedimented gable include: Board and Batten, fish scale

32 shingles, horizontal panels with four rows of beads, and vertical alternating plain and beaded panels; Roof with original cedar shingles; Original stone foundation except porch; and Overall massing of the building: Façade (South Elevation): Asymmetrical façade with one large pedimented gable broken by another offset smaller pedimented gable that tops a two-storey semi-octagonal bay; The bay features a corbelled red-brick chimney on façade that runs up the middle and through the smaller pedimented gable that features scroll-like bargeboard: - Gable is supported by brackets fashioned from turned spindles with a flower motif that project over the second floor windows; - Elaborate entablature with moulded cornice, fan motif frieze, and projecting architrave around the entirety of the exterior below the roofline; - Chimney is flanked by quarter-pie stained glass windows in the gable; - Second storey of the bay features two sash windows with the original stained glass upper sash topped by two wooden decorative semi-circular fan motifs; - An arched stained glass window with brick voussoirs and wood surround and wood sill set into the chimney on the first storey and is flanked by sash windows with the original stained glass upper sash. The large pedimented gable features bell-cast eave at one side, bargeboard, decorative shingle cladding, and three stepped windows with wood surrounds and decorative sills: - Elaborate entablature with moulded cornice, fan motif frieze, and projecting architrave; and between each fan is a bracket; - Second storey façade features with a semi-circular stained glass window with a projecting wooden hoodmould and decorative wood sill; and - Second storey varandah that runs from the façade along the west elevation wrap around the porch; and is supported by turned posts and abacus detailing at the roof line. The façade also features a verandah with a pedimented gable in the first storey: - Pedimented gable features an elaborate medallion motif made of individual turned posts, wooden balls, and dentils;

33 - Verandah features dentils under the roofline, scroll work brackets, turned posts under the frieze, and turned post balustrades; - Single entrance door at the end of the long porch features a rectangular stain glass transom with wood surround; and - A rectangular window opening on the first storey façade between the bay and the front porch. East Elevation: Roof line highlights by an elaborate entablature with moulded cornice, fan motif frieze with alternating large then small brackets, and projecting architrave that continues around the exterior of the entire house; Small pedimented gable (centrally located in the original house roof) features decorative bargeboard, and semi-circular multi-paned sash window opening with wooden muntins and decorative wooden sill; Under the gable, a two-and-a-half storey bay features a large central window on each storey: - Both windows, on each storey, feature a brightly coloured rectangular glass border along the top and sides of the upper sash; and - Second storey window with a stained glass transom and the glass panel features a border of brightly coloured rectangular and square panes. West Elevation: Roof line highlights by an elaborate entablature with moulded cornice, fan motif frieze with alternating large then small brackets, and projecting architrave that continues around the exterior of the entire house; Large pedimented gable (centrally located in the original house roof) features a balcony trellis enclosure with a large semi-circular opening and turned post balustrade, supported by beaded wood brackets; and Two storey square bay, centred under the gable, is identical to the square bay of the east elevation.

34 Address: 1172 Britannia Road (Previous Address: 1040 Britannia Road) Common Name: Bethel Chapel Legal Description: CON 1 NS PT LOT 5 RP 20R PART 1 INTRODUCTION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY The Bethel Chapel, located at 1172 Britannia Road, is situated on the south side of Britannia Road and east side of Milburough Line in Burlington. The property consists of a pioneer cemetery and a one-storey wood clading church, constructed in Location Map:

35 Aerial Photo (2013):

36 Photographs: Image 25: Façade (North Elevation) of Bethel Chapel Image 26: "Bethel Chapel C.W.N.C. [Canadian Weslyan New Connection] A.D Image 3: West Elevation

37 Image 4: Façade and West Elevation Image 5: East Elevation Image 6: South (Rear) Elevation (August 21, 2015)

38 Image 27: The Bethel Church surrounded by the Bethel Chapel Cemetery (August 21, 2015) Image 28: 25/20 Window Details STATEMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE VALUE / INTEREST Physical / Design Value The Bethel Chapel is an excellent example of a simple rural church with classical detailing. The one-storey wood frame structure has clapboard siding and a symmetrical façade with central main entrance. The wooden double leaf entrance doors and projecting cornice over the entranceway create a focal point on the façade. A hand forged key is still used to open the door. The gable roof with plain boxed cornice, plain

39 projecting verges and return eaves on the façade and the rear elevation add a simple elegance to the building. The Bethel Chapel displays exceptional craftsmanship through its impressive 25-over-20 windows. The church retains six of these windows; flanking the entranceway on the façade, and the two on each of the east and west elevations. These windows retain their wood surrounds and wood sills. The façade of the Bethel Chapel clearly captured Robert Bateman s attention, as he immortalized the Chapel doors in a painting and stated Bethel Chapel has the economy and simplicity of the pioneer spirit, but the finish of the molding and the care in the detail show the respect for quality of work found in our forefathers. The Bethel Chapel interior also retains several original features including original woodstove, though not in operation, remains in at one of the corners. The original wood pews, at one time removed, were refinished and returned to the church in the 1930s.The original gated pulpit, a typical feature of early churches, remains inside the church. The church is surrounded by the Bethel Chapel Cemetery to the east, west, and rear sides. The pioneer cemetery has approximately 73 graves with the oldest gravestones located to the west of the church. The gravestones surviving inscriptions commemorate pioneers. The cemetery features gravestones and monuments in range of sizes and materials that display intricate designs including lambs, doves, urns-of-life, hands point heavenward and weeping willows. The cemetery remains open to burials. Historical / Associative Value The Bethel Chapel is associated with the Prudham Family, who donated the land for the construction of the church and an associated cemetery. John Prudham settled the property in Methodists of the area met for worship in the Prudham s log home prior to the construction of the church. The earliest interment is of Jonathan Dawson ( Aug 14, 1845), which indicates that there were likely burials present before the land was donated and prior to church construction, common practice seen throughout pioneer cemeteries across Ontario. In 1853, John and his wife Elizabeth Prudham donated half an acre of land for construction of the church and an associated cemetery. The church was erected in 1853, constructed by Thomas LeMessurier - a fine carpenter from Carlisle, Ontario. Notably, William Bousfield provided split timbers and shingles from his mill at Tally Ho (formerly located west of the Cedar Springs Road).

40 The Bethel Chapel opened in 1853 as a Canadian Weslyan New Connexion Church. Parishioners attended the chapel for services until 1874 when the congregation merged with the Ebenezer Church on Guelph Line. Following the merger of the two congregations, the Bethel Chapel experienced a period of abandonment. Though the Bethel Chapel was closed in 1874, the cemetery continued to accept interments. Pioneer families buried here including Prudham, Pegg, Coulson, Coverdale, Nicholson, Heatherington, Foster, and Peer. In 1930, yearly memorial services were reinstated on the first Sunday in September by the newly formed Board of Trustees. These services continue today. The original Board of Trustees included Charles Prudham (son of John), Elmer Foster, A.J. Harris, George Coverdale, and William Vollick, and many of these families continue to serve on the board and maintain the property. Contextual Value The Bethel Chapel contributes to the rural landscape of Britannia Road. The church is close to the road and coupled with simple yet stunning architecture that makes it a landmark along Britannia Road. The church is located on the land donated by the Prudham Family, close to the house of the Prudham Family as well as near the early farmsteads of many of the pioneers buried here. Cultural Heritage Attributes Contextual relationship of the church to rural landscape of Britannia Road and the Bethel Chapel Cemetery ; Historical relationship of the property to the Prudham Family; One-storey wood-framed structure with clapboard siding; Symmetrical façade with central main entrance flanked by two windows; Two-bay east and west elevations with two windows on each; Six original 25-over-20 panned windows (on façade, east and west elevations); Windows with wood surrounds and wood sills; Entrance with wooden double leaf doors; Projecting cornice over the entranceway; Original hand forged key for entrance door; Gable roof with plain boxed cornice, plain projecting verges and return eaves on the façade and rear elevation;

41 Façade retains plaque that depicts Bethel Chapel C.W.N.C., A.D ; Original interior wooden pews, pulpit with fence, pine floor, and wood stove; Original gravestones and monuments including their range of sizes and materials; Gravestones with surviving inscriptions that commemorate pioneers; and Gravestones with intricate design that includs lambs, doves, urns-of-life, hands pointing heavenward, and weeping willows.