Snow Leopard Study Summary Langtang National Park, Nepal. I. Research Team. II. Study Area. III. Total Field Days
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1 Kyes & Chalise 1 Snow Leopard Study Summary 2003 Langtang National Park, Nepal I. Research Team PIs: Randy C. Kyes and Mukesh K. Chalise Field Assistants: Minish Ghimire Janak Raj Khatiwada (Grad student TU, Masters, Zoology) Jagan Nath Adhikari (Grad Student TU, Masters, Zoology) Kamal Chaudhary II. Study Area Langtang National Park - Geographic Coordinates: Study Blocks (major designation): A Ghoda Tabela N28 o / E085 o (elev: 3000m) B Langtang (village) N28 o / E085 o (elev: 3328m) C Kyanjin (village) and BASECAMP N28 o / E085 o (elev: 3972m) D Numthan E Langsisa Kharka N28 o / E085 o (elev: m) III. Total Field Days - 12 Feb 26 Feb 2003 (14 days including training) - 5 April 8 June 2003 (62 days) - 23 August 18 Sept 2003 (25 days) TOTAL: ~ 101 days
2 Kyes & Chalise 2 IV. Sign Transect Locations: BLOCK A: A1 A2 A3 (no transects) BLOCK B: B1 Yamphu N28 o / E085 o (3980m) N28 o / E085 o (3930m) B2 Opposite Mundu Village N28 o / E085 o (3660m) (across river) N28 o / E085 o (3830m) B3 Falls side of Mundu Village N28 o / E085 o (3720m) N28 o / E085 o (3690m) B4 Down side Mundu Village N28 o / E085 o (3660m) N28 o / E085 o (3680m) B5 Way to Yamphu N28 o / E085 o (3700m) (across river) N28 o / E085 o (3720m) BLOCK C: C1 Langtang khola basin N28 o / E085 o (m) (1.7km from Kyanjin) N28 o / E085 o (m) C2 Cherokori base camp N28 o / E085 o (m) (kharka) N28 o / E085 o (m) C3 Ganjala pass base camp N28 o / E085 o (m) N28 o / E085 o (m) C4 Tharchepisa (Cherkori I) N28 o / E085 o (4240m) N28 o / E085 o (3950m) C5 Langtang glacier area N28 o / E085 o (4000m) (near Kyanjin) N28 o / E085 o (4040m) C6 Langtang Lirung base camp N28 o / E085 o (4350m) N28 o / E085 o (4300m) C7 Langtang glacier lake side N28 o / E085 o (4220m) N28 o / E085 o (4160m) C8 Glacier kharka N28 o / E085 o (4350m) N28 o / E085 o (4220m)
3 BLOCK D: D1 Chyadan N28 o / E085 o (m) N28 o / E085 o (m) D2 Yala base camp N28 o / E085 o (m) N28 o / E085 o (m) D3 Thungchung (way to Yala) N28 o / E085 o (m) N28 o / E085 o (m) Kyes & Chalise 3 D4 Yala kharka N28 o / E085 o (4750m) N28 o / E085 o (4810m) D5 Way of Yala base camp N28 o / E085 o (4800m) N28 o / E085 o (4750m) D6 Way of Yala peak kharka N28 o / E085 o (4400m) N28 o / E085 o (4510m) D7 Numthan kharka N28 o / E085 o (4000m) N28 o / E085 o (4010m) D8 Kinggurchen kharka N28 o / E085 o (3950m) (opposite Chandan) N28 o / E085 o (3980m) BLOCK E: E1 Langsisa kharka (I) N28 o / E085 o (m) N28 o / E085 o (m) E2 Langsisa kharka (II) N28 o / E085 o (4070m) (near Numthang) N28 o / E085 o (4060m) E3 Langsisa kharka (III) N28 o / E085 o (4170m) N28 o / E085 o (4130m) E4 Langsisa kharka (IV) N28 o / E085 o (4200m) N28 o / E085 o (4240m) Other significant land marks: Kyanjin bridge (old) Airport (Kyanjin) N28 o / E085 o (elev: 3000m) Marku
4 Kyes & Chalise 4 V. Survey Questionnaire Total households in the 5 survey blocks = 60 (population 530) - We surveyed 55 households (individuals). More than 90% of respondents were herders. Selected results from the Snow Leopard and Prey Species Survey Questionnaire - responses to the question: Should they [snow leopard] be protected or eliminated and why? 51% said snow leopards should be eliminated (because they kill my livestock ) 44% said snow leopards should be protected VI. Snow Leopard (Signs) Sightings - Numerous scat samples were recorded (collected) during sign transect sampling (to be summarized) - No trap camera photos of snow leopards were obtained. - We had one sighting of a snow leopard by our field team. Janak and Jagan Nath and our cook (Durge Sherpa) had a visual encounter with a SL on 26 April 2003 at 11pm coming down from Cherkerie, about 4300m, close to the kill site of the yak calf. They spotted the SL about 15m away using flashlights. They observed the animal and confirmed it was a SL when they saw the the long thick tail. There was no snow on ground so they were unable to track the cat. VII. Prey Species (Signs) Sightings Himayalan Thar Marku cliff area 7 April 2003 two grps of 6 and 12 Himalayan Thar 5 May 2003 one grp of 50 Himalayan Thar 7 May 2003 one grp 15 Himalayan Thar Numthang area 7 May 2003 one grp of 42 Himalayan Thar Way to Yala Peak 11 May 2003 one grp of 30 Himalayan Thar 21 May 2003 one grp of 6 Himalayan Thar
5 Kyes & Chalise 5 Musk deer 10 April 2003 fresh dropping near glacier in Kyanjin (N28 o / E085 o May 2003 fresh droppings in Musk deer conservation area across bridge in forest across from Kyanjin (N28 o / E085 o May 2003 found 8 snares in Musk deer conservation area across bridge in forest across from Kyanjin (N28 o / E085 o ) Other notes of importance: * Feb-May was a good time to observe prey and snow leopard signs as the area was not disturbed by herders taking their animals to graze in the higher kharka. * In June the herders began moving their livestock (sheep, goats, yak, horses) to upper grazing land - in Oct they began moving back down. Seems that the natural prey may be moving to other more remote locations to graze thus the snow leopard signs also decrease.
6 Kyes & Chalise 6 VIII. Outreach Program: Overview: 1 st Pre-outreach Snow Leopard Knowledge/Attitude Questionnaire Each student is individually asked 20 questions relating to snow leopards (~10min/student) 2 nd Conservation Presentation (~15-20min): We want to talk about conservation 1. Do you know what conservation means? 2. Saving the ecosystem/environment (plants and wildlife) 3. Why should we conserve the environment (plants and wildlife)? 4. Provide basic info about Langtang NP What animals live in LNP? 5. Do you know what a snow leopard is? Present info on Snow leopard behavior, biology, etc. from ISLT data sheet. Show snow leopard pictures from poster 3 rd Conservation Art Contest (~30-45min) Students are asked to participate in art contest and draw pictures about the plants/wildlife in the park. Students receive pencil/pen and small notebook. They all receive a certificate of participation They all receive snow leopard stickers The winners (3-5) receive small prize (magic markers, etc.) 4 th Post-outreach repeat questionnaire (~1-2 months following outreach presentation) Each student is asked the same questions from the original Knowledge/Attitude Questionnaire Six outreach activities conducted in 2003: 1) 16 Feb 2003 Rasuwa secondary school, Dunche (grade 4) Conservation Presentation and Art contest. 2) 23 Feb 2003 Langtang elementary school (all classes, primary 4 th grade). Presentation and art contest. 3) 26 Aug 2003 Shyamewangphel secondary school, Syabrubensi (grade 8). Presentation and questionnaire. 4) 26 Aug 2003 Shyamewangphel secondary school, Syabrubensi (grade 6). Presentation and Art contest. 5) 10 Sept 03 Rasuwa secondary school, Dunche (grade 8) Conservation Presentation and questionnaire. 6) 10 Sept 03 Rasuwa elementary school, Dunche (grade 3) Conservation Presentation and Art Contest.
7 Kyes & Chalise 7 IX. Major Problems/Obstacles during 2003 Study Period 1) Rainy season (July-Sept) Major landslides roads washed out, bridges washed away, very difficult to see at higher elevations due to thick clouds/fog. 2) Maoist related-issues, banda (strike) transportation problems, individual threats. This is an ongoing problem. 3) Somewhat difficult to conduct extended surveys in remote areas due to limited logistical support had to return to Kyanjin base camp at night. 4) Survey Questionnaires, respondents hesitate to readily provide information; we suspect that they are afraid the info may get back to the military personnel in the park.
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