The O Hare Effect on the System Diane Boone and Joseph Hollenberg The MITRE Corporation s Center for Advanced Aviation System Development with the Federal Aviation Administration s Managers of Tactical Operations (MTOs) and Traffic Management Officers (TMOs) 21 April 2004 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved. This is the copyright work of The MITRE Corporation and was produced for the U.S. Government under Contract Number DTFA01-01-C-00001 and is subject to Federal Aviation Administration Acquisition Management System Clause 3.5-13, Rights in Data-General, Alt. III and Alt. IV (Oct., 1996). No other use other than that granted to the U.S. Government, or to those acting on behalf of the U.S. Government, under that Clause is authorized without the express written permission of The MITRE Corporation. For further information, please contact The MITRE Corporation, Contracts Office, 7515 Colshire Drive, McLean, VA 22102, (703) 883-6000. 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
Overview As operations increase at Chicago O Hare (ORD), effects are felt on the rest of the National Airspace System (NAS) This presentation illustrates Typical daily operational effects Major unexpected event effects (e.g., unpredicted severe weather) 2 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
ORD Arrival Routes Internationals and Anchorage Internationals Minneapolis TVC Toronto Seattle MCW San Francisco Los Angeles Texas St Louis DLL KRENA KUBBS PMM JVL PLANO BEARZ BDF OXI FWA PNT OKK VHP FNT Boston La Guardia John F. Kennedy Newark Teterboro National Dulles Baltimore- Washington Philadelphia Atlanta and Southeast 3 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
ORD Departure Routes Internationals Seattle and Northwest Internationals Minneapolis Toronto Boston San Francisco Los Angeles IOW BAE PETTY PLL RBS ELX GIJ GUIDO DNV TTH VHP La Guardia John F. Kennedy Newark Teterboro Philadelphia National Dulles Baltimore- Washington Texas Atlanta and Southeast 4 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
Typical Day The National Airspace System tries to confine ORD issues to ORD flows, however there are some effects that routinely cannot be confined 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
Taxi-out delays for DTW flights nearly doubled from October to December 2003, in part due to increased ORD traffic DTW west departures use the same airspace as ORD traffic TVC ORD Arrivals BAE PMM FNT DTW Departures OBK ELX GIJ OXI FWA DTW RBS OKK VHP ORD Departures Due to sector congestion, restrictions are often placed on DTW departures during easterly ORD arrival and departure rushes 6 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
Taxi-out delays have also increased for MSP Because MSP east and south departures use the same airspace as ORD traffic MSP ORD Departures MCW RST IOW DLL BAE JVL DBQ PLL JOT BDF Flights from MSP often take ground delays or less desirable routes to avoid the congested airspace RBS ORD Arrivals MSP Departures 7 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
Additional effects are due to full overhead ORD arrival streams Departures to ORD from the underlying airports (CVG, CLE, CMH, IND, PIT, BUF, ROC, YYZ, and others) are often delayed TVC YYZ FNT BUF ROC PMM OXI FWA CLE PIT OKK CMH VHP IND CVG 8 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
In addition, high traffic volume in ORD southeastern arrival airspace routinely requires demand restrictions to avoid major congestion The effects may ripple all the way to Florida Chicago Center restricts the ORD traffic demand from Cleveland and Indianapolis Centers Indianapolis Center restricts the demand from Washington and Atlanta Centers Atlanta Center restricts the demand from Jacksonville Center And Jacksonville Center restricts the demand from Miami Center ORD 9 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
As more ORD-bound flights are taking delays on the ground to get into overhead streams or to meet traffic demand restrictions, airport surface movements are often becoming more complex YYZ BUF ROC ORD IND CMH CVG CLE PIT PHL BWI IAD DCA TEB LGAJFK EWR CLT ATL Due to the increased surface complexity, flights destined to other locations at many east/southeast airports are sometimes experiencing taxi-out delays 10 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
Major Unexpected Event Effects (e.g., unpredicted severe weather) With the airspace consistently full of ORD traffic, there are more frequent opportunities for airborne holding to occur initiated by unexpected events 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
If ORD arrivals from the Northeast hold in Cleveland Center, Cleveland Center may stop accepting ORD arrivals from New York and Boston Centers FNT PMM ORD Arrivals TEB LGA JFK EWR Flights that have not yet departed for ORD will be held on the ground, resulting in increased airport surface complexity increasing taxi out times for other departures as well If the event is significant enough for ORD flights already airborne to hold in New York and Boston Center airspace, all departures from the New York area airports and Boston Center to the west going through the holding airspace are impacted 12 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
In addition, holding in Cleveland for the Northeast ORD arrivals impacts Toronto arrival traffic Toronto Arrivals YYZ FNT PMM ORD Arrivals Toronto arrivals are sometimes routed out of Cleveland Center into Minneapolis Center on less desirable routes Other traffic may also be rerouted into the same area during weather events, resulting in Minneapolis Center airspace congestion 13 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
ORD holding has other impacts as well Canadian Route Traffic ORD Arrivals MSP GRB TVC YYZ BUF PMM FNT MSP Arrivals From the East ORD arrival vectoring and/or holding in Minneapolis Center impacts Canadian route traffic, which are routes often used during severe weather, and MSP arrivals from the east 14 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
Summary On a typical day The National Airspace System tries to confine ORD issues to ORD flows; however, there are some effects that cannot be confined When a major unexpected event occurs (e.g., unpredicted severe weather) There are more frequent opportunities for airborne-holding to occur with the airspace consistently full of ORD traffic, generating additional impacts on non-ord flows 15 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
Three-Letter Airport Abbreviations ATL - Atlanta International MDW - Chicago Midway BOS - Boston/Logan International MEM - Memphis International BWI - Baltimore-Washington International MIA - Miami International CLE - Cleveland-Hopkins International MSP - Minneapolis St Paul International CVG - Covington/Cincinnati International MSY - New Orleans International/Moisant DCA - Reagan National OAK - Metropolitan Oakland International DEN - Denver International ORD - Chicago O'Hare International DFW - Dallas-Ft Worth International PBI - Palm Beach International DTW - Detroit Metro Wayne Co PDX - Portland International EWR - Newark International PHL - Philadelphia International IAD - Washington Dulles International PHX - Phoenix Sky Harbor International IAH - Houston/G Bush Intercontinental PIT - Pittsburgh International IND - Indianapolis International RDU - Raleigh-Durham International JFK - John F Kennedy International SEA - Seattle Tacoma International LAS - Las Vegas/Mc Carran International SFO - San Francisco International LAX - Los Angeles International SJC - San Jose International LGA - La Guardia SLC - Salt Lake City International MCI - Kansas City International STL - Lambert-St Louis International MCO - Orlando International TEB - Teterboro 16 2004 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.