SEISMOLOGICAL BULLETIN OF SYOWA STATION, ANTARCTICA, 2001

Transcription

1 SEISMOLOGICAL BULLETIN OF SYOWA STATION, ANTARCTICA, 2001 Yoshihiro Ito l and Masaki Kanao2 1 Research Center for Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, National Institute of Polar Research, 9-10, Kaga 1-chome, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Introduction Seismic observations at Syowa Station (69.0 S, 39.6 E), :East Antarctica were started using a short-period seismometer with 1.0 s natural period in 1959 (Eto, 1962). A longperiod seismograph was installed and phase readings of the teleseismic events have been reported currently to the United Sta Geological Survey (USGS), and to the International Seismological Centre (ISC) since 1967 (Kaminuma et al., 1968). A three-component broadband seismometer (STS-1; Wielandt and Steim, 1986) was installed in 1989, for making a contribution to the Federation of Digital broadband Seismograph Networks (FDSN; as an important key station in the Japanese PACIF1C21 network ( A distribution of FDSN stations in Antarctic continent and the distribution of PACIF1C21 stations in 2001 at present are shown in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively. All of the observation systems at Syowa Station were maintained in 2001 by one of the authors (Y. Ito) throughout the wintering season of the 42nd Japanese Antarctic -1-

2 Research Expedition (JARE-42). He also scaled the arrival times for seismic events and reported to ISC and USGS through that wintering season. In this data report, we would like to introduce the seismic observations at present in 200 l, scaled read-out travel-time data and detected teleseismic earthquake list, in addition to the procedures for public use by Internet service..2. Observations The seismic observation systems at Syowa Station were all replaced to the current ones by one of the authors in 1997 (Kanao, 1999). The block diagram of the new recording system is illustrated in Fig Seismographic hut and seismographs Seismic observations at Syowa Station had been carried out mainly by two types of seismometers, one called a short-period (HES) with 1.0 s natural period of the pendulum and it had been operated since 1967 (Kaminuma et al., 1968). The overall frequency responses and the magnifications of the HES are shown in Fig. 4. A three-component broadband seismometer (Streckeisen STS-1) with the digital recording system has been operating since 1990 (Nagasaka et al., 1992). The amplitude and phase responses for the velocity output (Broad.band; BRB) are shown in Fig. 5 (after Streckeisen and Messegeraete, 1987). The new seismographic hut was constructed in 1996 and the whole sensors were moved inside it in The new hut is located about 200 m north from the old vault, with geodetic coordinates of 69 00'24.0"S, 39 35'06.0! I E and the elevation is 20 m above mean sea level. Since the broadband seismographs are largely affected by a change of temperature and atmospheric conditions, the sensor room was covered doubly by adiabatic walls, with a surface covered by titanium to keep constant temperature in the room

3 Seismic signals of the HES and STS-1 seismometers are transmitted to the Earth Science Laboratory (ESL) via analog cables of 600 m in length. The cables were mounted on racks, which connect the main buildings of Syowa Station, and laid parallel with the other electric power cables of the Station Acquisition system at Earth Science Laboratory A three-component analogue output by HES is digitized at 200 Hz over sampling by a 24-bit analog-to-digital (ND) converter, generating triggered signals of 80, 20 and 1 Hz re-sampling data. A three-component broadband signals of STS-1 are also digitized to create the triggered output of 80 Hz re-sampling data and the continuous outputs of 20, l, 0.1 and 0.01 Hz data, respectively. All the data had been created as a Mini_SEED volume, which is a standard format for data exchange in the global seismology. The digitized data are automatically transmitted from ND converter to the workstation via TCP/IP protocol (DP/UX software). All kinds of the data are stored in 10 GB hard-disk of the workstation, then copied into DAT or 8 mm tape in every five months interval. A recording condition of ND converter has been continuously monitored by a personal computer via RS-232C serial port (Kermit software). A remote-centering operation for the STS-1 sensors can also be carried out by keyboard commands from the computer. A reference clock for the new system has also been calibrated to the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) from Global Positioning System (GPS ). Two sets of thermal pen-recorders for HES and BRB output of STS-1, however, have now been operated for monitoring at ESL. Boom-12Q. ition output (POS) of STS-1 seismograph has been monitored by RD2212 type analogue-recorder. A temperature in the sensor room is also recorded continuously by the same recorder Data transmission via INMARSAT The digital waveform of broadband seismographs has been transmitted via the INMARSAT telecommunication link from Syowa Station to National Institute of Polar Research (NIPR) since The UUCP protocol has been used for the file transfer

4 In addition, phase read-out data are reported by directly from Syowa to USGS/NEIC regularly with time delay of a day, in order to make a contribution to the Quick F.arthquake Determination (QED) services and to the Preliminary Determination for Epicenters (PDE) weekly/monthly bulletins. 3. Data Since there is a delay time of 1-2 years between the publication of this report and the observing wintering period, the Preliminary Determination of Epicenters (PDE) reports by NEIC are referred to and only the seismograms of teleseismic events are edited. The arrival-time data and the corresponding hypocentral data of teleseismic events are presented in this report Phase read-out data The phase arrival-time of teleseismic events was detected on the short-period monitoring seismograms. Most phases were scaled on the vertical component, and only clear phases of shear waves were scaled on the horizontal components. These phases were identified by comparing the observed travel time with the calculated one which is within 3 s time difference. The phases which identified as P- and S-waves are listed in Table 1. The phase K denotes the PKP phase, which can be identified within 3 s difference by comparing the observed travel time with that of calculated one. While X denotes the clear phase whose wave type can be identified but the travel time was within 3-10 s difference in observed and calculated times. Symbols E and / in the phase column denote emergent and sharp onsets, respectively. The initial ground motion is denoted by + for upward and - for downward direction. Arrival time is given in UTC and the accuracy of the read-out data is limited to 0:2 s. The teleseismic events identified in the PDE are labeled by the serial numbers (#-xxx) in the table. These serial numbers - 4 -

5 correspond to those in Table 2. The events without serial numbers are teleseisms whose locations have not been determined by NEIC Teleseismic events The list of hypocentral parameters of the teleseismic events is shown in Table 2, together with the same serial numbers as given in the remarks of Table 1. Figure 6 shows the hypocenters of 1418 teleseismic events whose initial phases were detected at Syowa. Figure 7 indicates the relationship between the annual mean number of detected teleseismic events and body-wave magnitude (Mb) in bars of 0.1 magnitude. The events were divided into three groups (1) all events (solid circles),{2) shallow events with depths less than 50 km (open squares), (3) intermediate and deep events larger than 50 km depths (crosses). The peak number of all events for magnitude exists around 4.8, where the number of earthquakes per year is 142. Detection capability of teleseismic events has been evaluated by ISC from global seismic networks for the ten years (Ringdal; 1986). It is pointed out that the magnitude threshold of earthquake detection gradually increases with increasing southern latitude. The bias problem of network magnitude determination is significant at small and middle magnitudes, particularly in the southern high latitude Local events A local event was recorded on the short period seismograms on the 21st February, Three-component seismogram of the HES is shown in the Fig. 8. The first arrival time for P wave is 04h35m13.0s on the vertical component The arrows show P and S phases. P-S time of the event is 10.8 s

6 4. Publication The person maintained the seismic equipment through the year is basically given priority for using any data obtained at Syowa Station with time limit of two years. These data are transmitted to NIPR and then to be stored in the file server, and can be obtained upon request by Internet service and/or UNIX media (i.e., CD-R, DAT, 8 mm-tape, etc.) with a permission of the NIPR members. If anybody wish to use the two-year period data, please contact to kanao@nipr.ac jp concerning the availability. Hypocenters, arrival-times detected at Syowa Station, and digital wavefonns for recent several years are available from Internet services upon request They are stored in the directories under /pub/hypo, /pub/atime and /pub/sts of UNIX workstation ( ), and accessible by use of 'anonymous ftp' command. Data access by use of WWW servers is also supplied by the ftp address; ftp://geotgx.nipr.ac.jp/pub. Archived data after two years from the JARB-period are stored and freely available from both the ftp sites in NIPR and the PACIFIC21 center of the Earthquake Research Institute (ERi), the University of Tokyo. Any questions concerning data availability from ERi should be directed to S. Data Processing Staff A seismic observation system at Syowa Station was designed by M. Kanao and by K. Shibuya of the National Institute of Polar Research. Ms. A. Ibaraki has kindly assisted preparing this data report. Readers can refer to the URL sites below for finding data directory or access;

7 References :Eto, T. (1962): On the electromagnetic seismographs at Syowa Base. Nankyoku Shi ry o (Antarct Rec.), 14, (in Japanese with English abstract). Kaminuma, K. and Chiba, H. (1973): The new seismographic vault and the detection capability of Syowa Station,Antarctica. Nankyoku Shi ry o (Antarct Rec.), 46, (in Japanese with English abstract). Kaminuma, K., Eto, T. and Yoshida, M. (1968): Seismological observation at Syowa Station, Antarctica. Nankyoku Shiryo (Antarct. Rec.),, (in Japanese with English abstract). Kanao, M. (1999): Seismological bulletin of Syowa Station, Antarctica, JARE Data Rep., 236 (Seismology ), 1-65._ Nakanishi, T. and M. Kanao (2000): Seismological bulletin of Syowa Station, Antarctica, JARE Data Rep., 254 (Seismology 35), Nagasaka, K., Kaminuma, K. and Shibuya, K. (1992): Seismological observations by a three-component broadband digital seismograph at Syowa Station, Antarctica. Recent Progress in Antarctic Earth Science, ed. by Y. Yoshida et al. Tokyo, Terra Sci. Publ., Ringdal, F. (1986): Study of magnitudes, seismicity and earthquake detectability using a global network. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 76, Streckeisen, G. and Messegeraete, A. G. (1987): Very-broad-band Feedback Seismometers STS-1 V NBB and STS- lh/vbb Manual Wielandt, E. and Steim, J. M. (1986): A digital very-broad-band seismograph. Ann. Geophys., 4,

8 Fig. 1. A distribution of FDSN stations in Antarctic continent. Syowa (SYO), Mawson (MAW), Casey (CSY), Dumont d'urville (ORV), Terra Nova Bay (TNV), South Pole (SPA), Palmer (PMSA), Sanae (SNAA). Fig. 2. PACIFIC21 station map in 2001 ( )

9 / \ Block diagram of recording system { I e : T l RS-232C : i E3 ; [PCDSR/W386 software] ;! : Analogue : I worn : cables \0 Tape device DAT [SAX-4000XS] 8mm [STX-851 OXS] GPS clock Short period seismometer (-3 comp.)..,.,,,,,,.,..,,,.,..,.,,,,.,,.,,,..,.,,.,.,.,,,.,,,,,..,..,..,.,,.,,_,,,.,.,,,.,,..,.,.,.,..,,,,..,,.,,.,.,.,,.,,,, Seismographic room ; /... l. YL Y...' ,.. --,......,,..._....,,.) Earth Science Laboratory Fig. 3. Block diagram of new recording system for the STS and HES seismographs at Syowa Station. Left figure: Seismographic room; Right figure: Earth Science Laboratory.

10 ::x:, Cl) en "O 0 :J Cl) Cl) < Cll Cl) n ' \(elocity response at HES, os 1_u I I V I I ' V, \ \ SP Frequency (Hz) Fig. 4. Over-all frequency responses of the HES seismographs

11 VELOCITY RESPONSE AT BRB OUTPUT :;o M (/)" 0 z (/) M < (/) M n ' 3: SEC 360 SEC 0, '000 -PERIOD (SEC) PHASE RESPONSE AT BRB OUTPUT oo PERIOD (SEC) Fig. 5. Amplitude responses (upper figure) and phase responses (lower figure) for the velocity (BRB) output of the broadband seismograph (STS) in the two distinct signal modes of 20-s and 360-s (after Streckeisen and Messegeraete, 1987)

12 (JARE-42) N=l,418 1ao Mb O ao 2001 (JARE-42) N=l, Mb Fig. 6. Epicenters of the 1418 earthquakes recorded at Syowa Station. The sizes of earthquake circles are proportional to the body-wave magnitude (Mb) determined by the National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) (upper: Mercator Projection, lower: Azimuthal Equidistant Projection )

13 JARE-42 (2001) N_total o N_shallow x N_lntermed.+deep -= - - Q;I 100 c.. = =" -= Q;I = 10 -Q;I,.Q e = z ; 0 - n "' - ll n 0 A X X n xx X 0 X o o 0 I) = ::::: Mb Fig. 7. Annual mean number of total detected earthquakes in 2001 against body-wave magnitude (Mb). The number of events for each group are marked with an increment of 0.1 Mb (solid circles (N-total), 1418 total events; open squares (Nshallow), shallow events of focal depth less than 50 km; crosses (N-Intermed.+deep), intermediate depth and deep events of focal depth larger than 50 km) u February 21, 2001 :::::--: :: ' I!?;: s.::=::: 2: 2 : ; S 1 : ;; :=? ::.::.Ci:: ::::: : ;.;: : : :.:, ; :::::! ;jf::.i ;! : t:...t:.:: ::;:; r: : ::-;--; t ::S!,: N...::.-...., '! " i E : w Fig. 8. A three-component seismogram of the HES for a local event on the 21st February,

14 Table 1. List of phase arrival-time data in Date Phase UTCtime Remarks Date Phase UTCtime Remarks hm s hm s Jan.1 -epz # epz #-49 esh epz #-50 +epz #-2 +epz #-51 -epz #-3 +epz #-52 +epz #-4 -epz # epz #-5 +epz #-54 -epz # epz #-55 -epz #-7 -epz # epz # epz #-57 -epz #-9 -exz #-58 +epz # epz #-59 -epz #-11 -epz # exz # epz # epz # exz #-62 +epz #-14 -exz #-63 -exz # epz #-64 +epz #-16 +exz # epz #-17 +exz #-66 -exz #-18 -epz #-67 +exz # epz # epz #-20 +epz #-69 -epz # epz #-70 +exz #-22 -epz #-71 -epz #-23 -epz # exz #-24 +epz # epz # epz #-74 esh exz # epz # XZ #-76 +epz #-27 +epz # epz #-28 -epz #-78 +epz # epz epz # epz 04 -epz #-31 -epz # epz #-79 #-80 #-32 +exz #-82 -epz #- -epz #-83 -epz #-34 Feb.1 +epz #-84 -epz #-35 +epz #-85 +epz #-36 +eppz # epz #-37 +epz #-86 -epz #-38 +epz #-87 -epz #-39 -epz #-40 esh epz # epz #-41 -epkpdfz #-89 -epz #-42 +epkpbcz epz # ipz #-90 -exz # epdiffz #-91 +epz #-45 +espz #-92 -epz #-46 esh exz # ipz epz #-48 -ipz #

15 Date Phase UTC time Remarks Date Phase UTC time Remarks hm s hm s -eppz # epkikpz #-115 +epkikpz #-93 +espkikpz #-115 +exz #-94 +epkikpz #-116 +epz #-95 +eppkikpz #-116 -eppz #-95 +epkikpz :9 #-117 +ippz #-96 -eppz #-118 +eppz #-96 esh escpz #-96 +eppz #-119 +eppkikpz #-96 +ipz ipz epz # epz #-97 +epcpz #-121 -eppz #-97 +espz #-121 -espz #-97 +eppz #-121 -epz eppz #-122 +epkikpz # epz epkikpz #-99 +epz #-123 -eppkikpz #-99 +eppz #-123 -epz #-100 +epz espz #-101 -eppz # eppz #-102 +eppz #-124 +epz #-103 -espkikpz #-124 +eppz #-103 -epz #-125 +epkikpz #-103 -eppz #-125 +espkikpz #-103 +epkikpz #-125 -epz #-104 +epkikpz #-126 -epkikpz #-104 +epz #-127 -epz #-105 +epcpz #-127 +eppz #-106 -eppz #-127 +eppkikpz #-106 +espz #-127 -espkikpz # epz #-128 -epkikpz #-107 -epcpz #-128 -epkikpz #-108 -eppz #-128 +epz #-109 +eppz # ipz espkikpz #-129 +epz # epz eppz #-110 +eppz #-130 +espkikpz #-110 +espkikpz #-130 +ipz eppkikpz #-131 +exz #-111 +espkikpz #-131 -epz #-112 +epz eppz #-112 +epz eppz #-112 -epz eppkikpz #-112 -epz epz #-113 +epcpz #-132 -espz #-113 +espz #-132 +espkikpz # epz epz epz ipz epz exz #-114 +epz #-1 +epz epz

16 Date Phase UTC time Remarks Date Phase UTC time Remarks hm s hm s -eppz # eppkikpz # epz # epz # eppkpdfz # epz #-167 -ipz #-137 -lpz #-168 +eppz #-1 37 esh # epkikpz # eppkikpz # espkikpz #-138 -epkikpz # epz # eppkikpz # ipz epcpz #-169 -ipz # epkikpz # eppkikpz #-140 +ipz # epz #-141 -ippz #-170 +ipz # eppz #-170 +eppz # espkikpz #-171 -epkikpz # eppz # eppkikpz # epkikpz # espdiffz # epz # espkpdfz # eppz # epkpdfz # epkikpz #-174 +eppdifffz # eppkikpz # epkikpz #-146 +espz # eppkikpz # epz #-176 +espkikpz # ipz esksach # epz # epz epz #-178 -esksdfz # epz # ippz #-148 +espz # epkikpz # epdlffz # epz epcpz # epz espz # epkikpz # epcpz # eppkikpz # eppz # epcpz #-151 +epkikpz # epz # eppz # espz # epkikpz # eppz # ipz # eppkikpz #-154 +epz # epz # espz # espz # epcpz # espz #-156 +epz # epz #-157 -epkikpz # epkikpz #-158 +eppz # epz # eppz # espkikpz # epcpz # epkikpz # epz # epz epz # epz #-161 -epcpz # eppz # epz # epz # epcpz # epcpz # epcpz #

17 Date Phase UTCtime Remarks Date Phase UTCtime Remarks hm s hm s 28 -ezp #-194 +epz espz # epz #-222 -epz #-195 -eppz #-222 +epz #-196 -epcpz #-222 -epz #-197 +epz #-223 -ipz #-198 -epcpz #-223 -espz # epz #-224 +eppz #-198 +eppz #-224 -ipz #-199 -ipz #-225 +epcpz #-199 +epz #-226 -eppz #-199 +epcpz #-226 -epz #-200 +eppz #-226 +eppz #-200 +espkikp #-226 +espz #-200 +epz #-227 +epz #-201 +eppz #-227 -epz #-202 +epcpz #-227 +eppz #-202 +eppz #-227 +ipkpdfz #-203 +eppkikpz #-227 -ipkpabz #-203 +espkikpz #-227 -eppz # epdiffz #-228 Mar.1 +epz #-204 -eppdiffz #-228 -epz #-205 +espdiffz #-228 +epcpz #-205 -espkikpz #-228 -espz #-205 esksdfh #-228 +eppz #-205 esdiffh #-228 +epz #-206 -ipz #-229 -espz #-206 +epz #-230 +epz #-207 +epcpz #-230 -epz #-208 +espz #-230 -eppkikpz #-209 +epz espkikpz #-209 +epz # epz epz #-232 -epkikpz #-210 -epkikpz #-232 +epz #-211 +eppkikpz #-232 +epcpz # epz eppz # ipz #-2 3 +epkikpz #-212 -eppz #-2 -espkikpz #-212 +epz #-234 -epz #-213 -epz #-235 +eppz #-214 +epz epz #-215 -epz espz #-215 -epz epcpz # epz #-236 -eppkikpz #-216 -epz eppkikpz #-217 +epz #-237 +espkikpz #-217 +eppz # epz #-218 +epz #-238 +epkikpz #-219 +eppkikpz # espkikpz # epz #-239 +eppkikpz #-221 +epcpz #

18 Date Phase UTC time Remarks Date Phase UTC time Remarks hm s hm s 14 -epcpz # epz eppz # eppz #-266 +espkikpz #-241 -espz #-266 -ipz #-242 +ipz # ipz #-243 +espz # epz #-244 +epkikpz #-268 +exz #-245 +eppkpdfz # espkikpz #-246 -espkpdfz #-268 -espdiffz #-247 -epcpz #-269 +eppkikpz #-247 +espz #-269 +espkpdfz #-247 -espz #-270 +espkikpz #-247 -epkikpz #-271 +eppz # epkpdfz #-272 +epz #-248 +epkikpz #-272 -espz #-248 -epz #-273 +epcpz #-249 +eppz #-273 -epkikpz #-249 +espz #-273 +eppdiffz #-250 +exz #-274 +espdiffz #-250 -epkikpz #-275 +epkikpz # epz eppz # pz # epz eppkikpz #-276 +epkikpz #-251 -espkikpz #-276 -eppz #-252 -epz #-277 +eppkikpz #-252 -eppz #-278 -espz #-253 +eppz #-279 -espkikpz #-253 -epkikpz #-279 +eppkikpz #-254 +espkikpz #-279 +espkikpz #-254 -eppz #-280 -epz #-255 +espz #-280 -eppz #-255 +eppz # epz #-256 +epkikpz #-280 +ipz #-257 +eppkpdfz #-281 +epcpz #-257 -espkikpz #-282 +espz # epz #-283 +eppz #-257 +epz espkikpz # ipz #-284 +epz #-258 -epz #-285 -eppz #-258 +eppkikpz #-286 +espz #-259 +epz #-287 +espz #-260 -eppz #-287 +eppkikpz #-260 +espz #-287 -epkikpz #-261 -epz #-288 +eppkikpz #-261 +espz #-288 -epz # epz #-289 +eppkikpz # eppz #-290 -espkikpz #-262 +epz #-291 +epz # ipz # ipz #-264 +ippz # epz #-265 -eppkpdfz #

19 Date Phase UTCtime Remarks Date Phase UTCtime Remarks hm s hm s -espkpdfz # espz #-319 +epkpdfz #-293 -epz #-320 -eppkpdfz #-293 -epz eppz # ipz #-321 -epcpz #-294 +eppz #-322 Apr.1 +epcpz #-295 +epz #-323 +epkpdfz #-296 -espz #-323 +epkpbcz #-296 +espkikpz #-324 -epz epz #-325 +eppz #-297 -epcpz #-326 -epz #-297 -eppz #-327 +epz #-298 -epkpdfz #-328 +eppz #-298 +eppkpdfz #-328 -eppz #-298 +espkpdfz #-328 -epnpnz #-298 +epz #-329 +epz #-299 -epz #-0 +epz #-300 -espz #-0 -epz eppkikpz #-0 +epz epz #-1 -epkikpz #-301 -epz #-2 +epz #-302 -eppz #-2 +eppz #-302 +epcpz #-3 +epz eppz #-3 -eppz #-303 -epkikpz #-3 +epcpz #-303 -epz #-4 +epkikpz #-304 +epz #-5 +espkikpz #-304 +epz #-6 2 +espkikpz #-305 +epz #-7 -epz #-306 +epz #-8 +epkpdfz #-307 +epz #-9 3 +espz #-308 -epz #-340 -eppz #-308 -epz #-341 +epz #-309 -epz #-342 +ipz #-310 +epz # epcpz # epz # epz #-312 +eppkikpz # ipz ;0 -escpz #-346 +ipcpz #-313 +eppkikpz #-347 +ippz #-313 -espkikpz # epz #-314 +eppz #-348 +epz #-315 +espz #-348 +epz #-315 +epkikpz #-348 -epz espkikpz # epz epz #-349 -eppz #-316 +eppz #-349 -espz # epz # epz #-317 -epcpz # epz epkpbcz #-352 +exz #-318 -espkpbcz # epz epz #

20 Date Phase UTCtim Remarks Date Phase UTCtime Remarks hm s hm s 23 +epz #-354 +eppz #-389 -epz #-355 -epkikpz # epz # epz #-390 -eppz #-356 +escpz #-390 +epz #-357 +epz #-391 +epz #-358 +epkikpz #-392 +epz epkpdfz #-393 -epz espkpdfz # epz #-359 -epz #-394 -epz eppz #-394 -epkikpz #-360 -espz #-394 -eppkikpz #-360 +epz #-395 +espkikpz #-360 +epz #-396 +epz #-361 -eppz ipz # epz #-397 +epz #-363 +eppz #-397 +epcpz #-363 -epz # epz epcpz # ipz #-364 +epz #-399 -epz # epz #-400 +epz #-366 -epz # ipz #-367 +eppz # epdiffz #-368 +epkikpz #-402 +epz #-369 -espkikpz #-402 +eppz #-369 +epz #-403 -epz #-370 +espkikpz #-403 -epz #-371 +eppkikpz #-404 -epcpz # epz #-405 May 3 +epz #-372 +epdiffz #-406 -epz #-373 +epkpdfz #-406 -epz #-374 -eppz # epz #-375 +eppkikpz #-407 -ipz #-376 +epz #-408 +epz #-377 -epz epkikpz #-377 +epkpbcz #-409 -epcpz #-378 +espkpbcz # ipz # epz epz #-380 +epz epz #-381 +epz # epcpz #-382 -eppz # espz # ipz #-412 +epz #-383 -epcpz #-412 -ipz #-384 +eppz #-413 -espz #-384 +epkikpz #-414 +epz #-385 +espz #-415 +eppz #-386 +eppz #-416 +espkikpz #-386 -espz #-417 +epz #-387 -epz #-418 +espkikpz # epz #-419 -epz #-389 -epz #

21 Date Phase UTC time Remarks Date Phase UTC time Remarks hm s hm s 16 +epz #-421 +epz #-446 +eppz #-421 +epz epz #-422 +epz epz #-423 -epz espz #-423 -epz espkikpz #-424 -epz escpz # epz #-447 -exz #-426 -espz #-447 -epz epz #-448 +epkikpz #-427 +epcpz #-448 -epz #-428 +epz # epz #-429 +epz #-450 -eppz #-429 -epz #-451 +espkikpz #-429 -espz #-452 -epz ;2 #-430 +espz #-452 +epcpz #-430 -epnpnz #-452 +epkikpz #-430 +epz #-453 +eppkikpz #-430 -epcpz #-453 -epkpbcz #-431 +eppz #-453 +epz # epz #-454 +eppz #-432 -eppz #-454 -epcpz #-432 +epkikpz #-455 +epz #-4 -espkikpz espz #-4 +ipz #-456 +epz epz #-457 +epz eppdiffz #-458 +epz epkikpz # eppkikpz #-434 +eppkikpz #-459 +espkikpz #-434 -epcpz #-460 +epz #-435 +espkikpz #-460 +epz #-436 +epz #-461 +epcpz #-436 +ipcpz #-461 esksach #-436 -eppkikpz #-461 esh # epz # epz # epcpz #-463 +epz #-438 +espz #-463 +epcpz #-438 -epz epz #-439 -epz # epz ipcpz #-464 +epnz #-440 +espz #-464 +eppnz #-440 +eppkikpz #-464 +epz #-441 -epz #-465 +epz # ipz # epz #-443 -ipnpnz #-466 +epkikpz #-444 +epz #-467 -epz #-445 +epkikpz #-468 +epcpz #-445 +eppkikpz # epz epz #-470 +epz epz #-471 -lpz eppz #

22 Date Phase VTC time Remarks Date Phase VTC time Remarks hm s hm s espkikpz #-471 -espdiffz #-501 -espz #-472 -epz #-502 +epkikpz #-473 +epz espkikpz #-473 -epz ipz epz #-503 +epz #-474 +epz #-504 +eppkikpz #-475 +espz #-504 +epz epcpz #-505 +epkikpz #-476 +eppz #-505 +exz #-477 +espdiffz #-506 Jun.1 -epz epz epz #-478 +epz #-507 -epz epz #-508 +epz #-479 +epz #-509 -epcpz #-479 -epz #-510 +eppz # epz # eppkikpz #-479 +eppz #-512 +epcpz #-480 +epz #-512 +epkikpz #-480 +epz epz # epz #-513 +eppz #-481 +epkpdfz # epz epz #-515 -epz #-482 -espkikpz #-515 +epz epz # ipz #-483 -ispz # eppz epcpz # epz #-484 +epz #-517 +epz #-485 +epz #-518 +epz #-486 +eppz #-518 +epz #-487 +epz #-519 +epz # epz # epz #-489 -epz #-521 +espkikpz #-489 -eppz #-521 +epz #-490 +epkikpz #-522 -epcpz #-490 +espkpdfz #-522 -epz #-491 -espkikpz #-522 +epz #-492 -epz #-523 -epkikpz #-492 +eppz #-523 -epz #-493 -epkpdfz #-524 -eppz #-493 -espkpdfz #-524 -espkikpz #-493 +epkpbcz #-525 +epz #-494 +epkikpz #-526 -epz # epcpz #-527 +epz #-496 +epz #-528 +epz #-497 -epcpz 2146 #-528 -eppz # epz # espkikpz #-499 -espz # epz #-500 +epz #-530 -epcpz # epz # eppdiffz #-501 +espkikpz #

23 Date Phase UTC time Remarks Date Phase UTC time Remarks hm s hm s +exz #-532 +exz # epz #-5 -espz #-562 +ipz #-534 +epcpz #-563 +ippz #-534 -eppz #-563 +epkikpz #-534 +epcpz #-564 +epz #-535 +espz # epz #-536 -epcpz #-565 +epz #-537 +espz #-566 +eppz #-537 +eppz #-567 -epkikpz #-537 +epz #-568 +epz #-538 +epcpz #-569 -epz # espz # epz #-540 +epcpz #-571 +epz #-541 +eppz # eppkikpz #-541 -epz #-572 +epz #-542 -epcpz # ippz #-543 +espz #-573 -epcpz # epcpz #-574 +epcpz #-544 +eppz # epz #-545 -epz epz #-546 +ipcpz #-575 +eppkpabz #-547 +epz #-576 -ipz #-548 +espz #-576 -epcpz #-549 +epz eppz #-549 -epcpz #-577 +epkikpz #-549 +espz #-577 -espkikpz #-549 -epkpdfz #-578 -epcpz 2244 S1.1 #-550 -epkikpz #-578 -epcpz #-551 -epz #-579 -espz #-551 +eppz #-579 +eppz #-551 +epcpz #-580 -espkikpz #-551 +eppz #-580 -epcpz #-552 +epkpabz #-581 +espz #-552 +eppkpabz #-581 -eppz #-553 +epcpz #-582 -epcpz #-553 +eppz espz #-553 +epcpz # epcpz #-554 +espz #-583 +espz #-554 +epz #-584 -epz #-555 +epcpz #-585 +espz #-555 +espz #-585 +epcpz # epz #-586 -epcpz eppz #-557 #-557 +epz #-587 -eppkikpz #-588 +epcpz #-558 -epz #-589 -espz #-558 -epkikpz #-589 -epcpz #-559 +epz #-590 +eppz # epcpz #-591 +epcpz #-561 +espz #-591 +espz #-561 -epz #

24 Date Phase UTC time Remarks Date Phase UTC time Remarks hm s hm s +epcpz #-593 +espz #-619 +espz #-593 +epz #-620 -epz #-594 +epkikpz #-620 -epcpz #-594 -epkpdfz #-621 -eppz #-594 +epkikpz # epz #-595 -eppkikpz #-621 -epz espkikpz #-621 +epz # epz #-622 +epz #-597 +eppz #-622 +epcpz #-598 -epz #-623 +epcpz #-599 -epz #-624 +eppz #-600 -espz # ipz # epz Jul.1 -epz #-602 +epz :1 #-625 -eppz #-602 +eppz #-626 +epkikpz #-602 -espz #-626 +eppkikpz #-602 -epz #-627 -epz #-603 +espz #-627 +epcpz #-604 -epkikpz # epz #-605 -ipz #-628 -epcpz #-606 -epcpz #-628 -espz #-606 -ipz #-629 -epz #-607 -epz #-630 -epkikpz #-607 -epcpz #-630 +epz #-608 +espz #-630 +epz espz #-631 -epz #-609 -epz # ipz #-610 +eppz #-6 -eppz #-610 +epz #-634 +epz eppz #-634 -epz #-611 +epz #-635 -espz #-611 -ipcpz #-635 -epz #-612 +epz #-636 +epz espz #-636 -epz # epz #-637 +espz #-613 +ipz #-638 -epkpdfz #-614 +espz #-638 -eppz #-614 +epz #-639 -eppkpdfz #-614 +epz #-640 +espkpdfz # epz #-641 -epz epz #-642 +epz ;0 #-615 -epz # espz # epz #-644 -epz #-617 +epz epz #-618 +epz #-645 esksach #-618 +epz #-646 ish # epz #-647 +epz #-619 +epz #-648 +epcpz # epz #-649 +eppz #-619 +eppz #

25 Date Phase UTC time Remarks Date Phase UTC time Remarks hm s h m s +epcpz #-649 -eppz #-678 +epz #-650 +espz # espz #-651 +epz #-679 +epz #-652 +epkikpz #-679 -eppz #-652 -ipz #-680 +espz #-652 +espz #-680 -epz #-653 -epz # epkpdfz #-654 -eppz #-681 +epkikpz #-654 +epz #-682 +espkikpz #-654 -epz #-683 +eppkikpz #-655 +espz #-683 +eppz # epz epz #-657 +epz epz # epz #-684 +eppz #-658 +eppz #-685 -eppz #-659 +epz epz #-660 +ipz # epz eppz #-686 +epz #-661 -eppkikpz #-686 -epz #-662 +espkikpz #-686 +eppkikpz # epz #-687 +espkpdfz #-663 -epz #-688 +epz #-664 +epz # epz epkikpz #-689 -epz espkikpz #-690 -epz #-665 +eppz #-690 -eppz # epz #-691 +espz #-665 +ipz # epz #-666 -ipz #-693 -epz #-667 +ipz #-694 -epz #-668 +eppz #-694 +epz # epz # epkikpz #-670 +epkikpz #-696 +epz #-671 +eppkikpz #-696 -epz epkikpz #-697 +ipkpdfz #-672 -epz #-698 +eppkpdfz Q.8 #-672 +eppz #-698 +espkpdfz #-672 +espz #-698 +epkpabz #-672 -ipz #-699 +eppkpabz # epkikpz #-700 -epz #-673 +eppz #-700 +eppz #-673 +epz #-701 -epz #-674 +epz #-702 +espkikpz #-674 +epkikpz # epz #-675 +espkikpz #-703 -epz # epz #-704 -ipcpz # epkpdfz #-705 +espz #-676 -epkpabz #-705 +epkikpz #-677 +epz #-706 -epz #-678 +epz #

26 Date Phase UTC time Remarks Date Phase UTC time Remarks hm s hm s 29 -epz #-708 -espz #-740 -eppkikpz #-708 -epkpdfz # epz #-709 +eppkikpz #-741 +eppz #-709 +epz #-742 +epkikpz # eppz #-743 -epz #-711 +epcpz #-743 -espz #-712 -eppz #-744 +epkikpz #-713 +epkikpz #-745 +epz #-714 +epcpz # ipz #-715 -eppz #-747 -eppz #-715 -epz #-748 esh #-715 -eppz #-749 +ipz #-716 +eppz #-750 -espi #-716 +ipz #-751 +epkpabz #-717 +epkpabz #-752 -epz # epz #-753 +ispz #-718 +espkikpz #-753 -epz #-719 +espz #-754 +eppz #-720 -epz Aug.1 +epz #-721 -epz epz # epcpz #-755 -epz #-723 +epkikpz #-755 -espz #-723 +espz #-756 -epz #-724 -epz #-757 +epz # epcpz #-758 -epcpz #-725 +ep_pz # epz #-726 +espz #-758 -eppz #-726 -epz #-759 +epz #-727 +espz #-759 +epz #-728 +epz # epkpdfz #-729 +eppz #-760 +ipkpbcz #-729 +epcpz #-761 -eppkpbcz #-729 +epcpz #-762 +epz #-730 -eppz #-762 +espz #-730 +espkikpz #-763 +eppkikpz #-730 -epz # epz #-731 +espz #-764 +epcpz #-731 +epz #-765 +espz #-732 +epz #-766 +epkikpz #-732 +eppz #-766 +epz #-7 +epkikpz #-766 +epcpz # eppz #-767 +espz #-734 +epz #-768 +epz #-735 +eppz #-768 +eppkikpz #-735 -ipz #-769 +epz #-736 +ipcpz #-769 +epz #-737 +eppz # epz #-738 -epcpz #-771 -ipz #-739 +espz #-771 +ispz #-739 +espz #

27 Date Phase UTC time Remarks Date Phase UTC time Remarks hm s hm s +epkikpz #-772 +epz #-800 +espz #-773 +eppz #-801 +epcpz # epz # epz #-774 +epz #-803 -epcpz # epz #-804 +eppz #-775 +epkikpz #-805 +epkikpz #-77b +eppz # epz #-777 +epnz #-807 +eppz #-778 +epz #-808 +epz # epz #-809 -epkikpz #-780 +espkikpz #-809 -espkikpz #-780 +epz #-810 -ipz #-781 -epz #-811 +epz #-782 -epz #-812 +eppdiffz #-783 +epz eppkikpz # eppkikpz #-813 -epz #-784 +epz #-814 +epz #-785 -epcpz # epz #-786 -epz #-815 -epz #-787 -epz #-816 +espz # epz #-817 -eppz #-787 -ipz epkikpz #-787 +eppz #-818 +epz epz #-819 +epz epz #-820 +epz #-788 +epz #-821 +espkikpz #-788 -eppz #-822 -eppz #-789 +epz #-823 +eppz #-790 +epz #-824 +espz # eppz # ipz #-791 +epz #-826 +eppz #-791 +espz #-826 -espz #-791 +epz #-827 +epz #-792 +eppz #-827 +espz #-792 -epz #-828 +eppkikpz #-792 +epz #-829 +espkikpz #-792 -espz #-829 +epz #-793 +espkikpz #-829 -epcpz #-793 +epz #-830 +epz #-794 +epz # eppz #-795 -espz #-831 -ipz #-796 +epcpz #-831 +eppz #-796 +epz #-832 -epz #-797 -epcpz #-8 +espz #-797 -epz # epz #-798 +eppz #-834 +eppz #-798 -epz #-835 +epz # epz eppz #-799 +epz #-836 +epcpz #-799 +eppz #

28 Date Phase UTCtime Remarks Date Phase UTCtime Remarks hm s hm s +eppz #-838 -eppz # exz #-839 -epkikpz #-875 +epz #-840 +eppdiffz #-876 +eppz #-840 +espz #-877 +epz #-841 +epz #-878 +eppz #-841 +espz #-878 +epz # eppz #-879 +epz #-843 -epz #-880 +epz #-844 -epz #-881 -epkikpz #-844 Sep.1 +epkpdfz #-882 +epz #-845 +epkpbcz #-882 +epcpz #-845 -eppkikpz #-882 +epz #-846 +eppkpabz #-882 +espz #-846 +epz # epz #-847 +epkikpz #-884 +epkpdfz #-848 +espkikpz #-884 +epz #-849 -epz #-885 +epz # epz # epz #-851 -epz #-887 -epz #-852 +epz epz #-853 +epz #-888 +epz #-854 -eppz #-888 -epz #-855 +epz #-889 -espkpdfz #-856 +eppz #-889 +epz #-857 -eppz # epz #-858 +epcpz #-890 +eppz #-858 +escpz #-890 +espz #-858 +epz #-891 +epkikpz # epz #-892 +epz #-860 +epz #-893 +epz #-861 +epkikpz #-893 +epkikpz #-861 -epz #-894 +espkikpz #-861 -epz #-895 -epz # epz #-896 +epz #-863 +eppz #-896 +epz #-864 -espdiffz #-897 -epz #-865 +espkpdfz #-897 +epz # epkikpz #-898 +eppz #-867 +epz # epz #-868 +epz #-900 -ipz #-869 +eppz #-900 +eppz #-869 -ipz #-901 +epz #-870 +espkikpz # eppz #-871 +epz #-902 +espz #-871 -epz #-903 +epz #-872 -eppz #-903 -epz #-873 -epz #-904 +epz # epz #-905 -epnpnz # ipz # ipz #-875 +eppz #

29 Date Phase UTC time Remarks Date Phase UTC time Remarks hm s hm s +epz #-907 -epz # epz #-908 +eppz #-943 +epz #-909 +ipz #-944 +espz #-910 +espkikpz ipz #-911 +epz #-944 #-945 +epz epz #-946 -epz # eppkikpz # epz #-913 +epz #-948 +espz #-914 +eppkpabz #-949 -ippz # epz #-950 -epz #-916 +epkpdfz #-951 -eppz #-917 -epkpbcz # eppz #-918 +eppkpbcz #-951 +epkikpz #-919 +eppz #-952 +epz #-920 +epz # epz #-921 +epkikpz #-953 -epz #-922 +epz #-954 +epz #-923 +epcpz #-954 -ipz # epz #-955 -epkpabz #-925 +epz #-956 -espkpdfz #-926 +eppz #-956 +epkpabz #-926 -eppz #-956 +epkikpz #-927 +epcpz #-957 -epkpdfz #-928 +epz #-958 +epkpabz #-928 -eppz # epz # epz #-959 +eppz #-930 -epz #-960 +epkikpz #-930 -epcpz #-960 +epz #-931 +epz #-961 +epz #-932 +eppz #-961 +eppz #-932 +epz #-962 +epz #-9 +epz #-963 +eppz # epz #-964 +eppdiffz #-934 +epcpz #-964 -epz #-935 +epz # epz #-936 -epz #-966 +epkpabz espkpabz #-937 +epcpz #-966 #-937 +espz #-966 +epz # ipkpabz #-967 +epz #-939 -epz #-968 -epkikpz #-939 esksach #-969 -ipz #-940 -epz #-970 +ipcpz #-940 -epz #-971 -ippz # epz #-972 +eppz #-940 +eppz #-973 -epkikpz #-940 -espkikpz #-973 -eppkikpz # eppkikpz #-974 +epz #-941 -epz #-975 +eppz #-941 +eppz # epz #-942 -epz #