Ancient Mediterranean 3,500 B.C.E -300 C.E.
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1 Ancient Mediterranean 3,500 B.C.E -300 C.E.
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3 12. White Temple and its ziggurat 1 Uruk (modern Warka, Iraq) Sumerian c B.C.E Mud brick 40 ft high
4 Theme: Religious Centers
5 12. White Temple and its ziggurat White Temple and its ziggurat (reconstruction drawing)
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7 14. Statues of votive figures From the Square Temple at Eshnunna (modern Tell Asmar) Sumerian c B.C.E Gypsum inlaid with shell and black limestone 11in to 30in high
8 Theme: Shrine Figures
9 16. Standard of Ur Peace From the Royal Tombs at Ur (modern Tell el-muqayyar) Sumerian c B.C.E Wood inlaid with shell, lapis lazuli, and red limestone 8.5 x 20 x 5 in 2
10 16. Standard of Ur War
11 Theme: Narrative in Art Battle Scene
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13 Warka (Iraq) Relics Summerian Warka Vase B.C.E Alabaster Lady of Uruk 3100 B.C.E. Marble
14 Babylon (modern Iran) Susian c B.C.E Basalt 7 feet 5 inches high 19. The Code of Hammurabi 1
15 Theme: Human and Divine
16 25. Lamassu From the citadel of Sargon II Dur Sharrukin (Modern Khorsabad) Neo-Assyrian c B.C.E Alabaster 13 feet tall
17 Theme: Hybrid figures Guardians
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21 30. Audience Hall (apadana) Of Darius and Xerxes 2 Persepolis,Iran Persian c B.C.E Limestone 69 feet tall
22 30.Audience Hall (apadana) Of Darius and Xerxes Apadana stairway
23 Theme: Ceremonial Spaces
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25 29. Sarcophagus of the Spouses Etruscan c. 520 B.C.E Terra cotta 6 feet long x 4 feet high
26 Theme: Funerary Marker
27 3 31. Temple of Minerva and sculpture of Apollo Veii Near Rome, Italy c B.C.E Etruscan Master sculptor Vulca Original temple of wood, mud brick, or tufa (volcanic rock)
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29 Theme: Ceremonial Spaces
30 31. Sculpture of Apollo at Temple of Minerva Master Sculptor Vulca c B.C.E Terra cotta sculpture 5 11 tall
31 Theme: Figure in Movement
32 32. Tomb of the Triclinium 1 Theme: Fresco Mural Tarquinia, Italy Etruscan c B.C.E Tufa and fresco
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34 13. Palette of King Narmer 2 Front Predynastic Egypt c B.C.E Greywacke 25 inches high Back
35 Theme: Symbols in Art Front
36 15. Seated scribe 1 Saqqara, Egypt Old Kingdom Fourth Dynasty c B.C.E Painted limestone 21 inches high
37 Theme: Human figure in Art
38 17. Great Pyramids (Menkaura, Khafre, Khufu) and Great Sphinx 2 Giza, Egypt Old Kingdom Fourth Dynasty c B.C.E Cut limestone
39 17. Great Pyramids Khufu = 480 ft high Khafre = 450 ft high Menkaure = 213 ft high Sphinx 66 ft high 241 feet long
40 Theme: Commemoration of Ruler
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44 18. King Menkaura and Queen Khameremebty Old Kingdom Fourth Dynasty c B.C.E Greywacke 4 6 high
45 Theme: Depiction of Royalty
46 20. Temple of Amun-Re and Hypostyle Hall 3 Karnak, near Luxor, Egypt New Kingdom 18 th and 19 th Dynasties Temple: c B.C.E Hall: c B.C.E Cut sandstone and mud brick
47 20. Temple of Amun-Re Floor plan
48 Dimensions Just the Temple of Amun-Re = 61 Acres Whole complex = 248 Acres Hypostyle Hall = 337 ft x 170 ft Theme: Ceremonial Spaces
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50 21. Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut 2 Architect: Senemut Near Luxor, Egypt New Kingdom 18 th Dynasty c B.C.E Sandstone, partially carved into a rock cliff, and red granite
51 985 feet long 97 feet tall 120 foot wide causeway Theme: Commemoration of Ruler
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54 21. Hatshepsut statue in offering to Gods Theme: Guardian Figures Kneeling statue of Hatshepsut 6 5 tall
55 22. Akhenaton, Nefertiti and three daughters New Kingdom (Amarna), 18 th Dynasty c B.C.E Limestone 12.5 high
56 Theme: Genre Scenes
57 23. Tutankhamun s tomb, innermost coffin New Kingdom 18 th Dynasty c B.C.E Gold with inlay of enamel and semiprecious stones 6 7 high
58 Theme: Commemoration of the Dead
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60 24. Last judgment of Hu-Nefer From his tomb (page from the Book of the Dead) New Kingdom, 19 th Dynasty c B.C.E Painted papyrus scroll 1 6 high
61 Theme: Narrative in Art Scrolls
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68 26. Athenian agora Archaic through Hellenistic Greek B.C.E Plan 30 acres
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70 Theme: Planned Cities
71 27. Anavysos Kouros Theme: Idealized Form Archaic Greek c. 530 B.C.E Marble with remnants of paint 6 4 high
72 28. Peplos Kore from the Acropolis Theme: Human Figures in Art Archaic Greek c. 530 B.C.E Marble, painted details 3 10
73 Anonymous vase painter of Classical Greece known as the Niobid Painter c B.C.E Clay Red-figured technique (white highlights) 21 high 33. Niobides Krater 2 Both
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75 Theme: Ceramics Narrative in Art
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80 34. Doryphoros (Spear Bearer) Classical Polykleitos Original BCE Marble copy BCE Roman copy (marble) of Greek original (bronze) 6 6 high
81 Theme: Idealized Human Form
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85 35. Acropolis 6 Athens, Greece Iktinos and Kallikrates c B.C.E Marble Parthenon 45 feet high 228ft x 101 ft Theme: Classical Influence on Later Buildings
86 Acropolis Plan 7.5 acres Theme: Religious Sites
87 Temple of Athena Nike 18 ft high 27ft x 18.5ft Theme: Religious Spaces Victory adjusting her sandal 42 inches high Theme: Figure in Motion
88 Helios, horses, and Dionysus (Heracles?) Reclining Dionysus = 4.25ft high Theme: Figures in Motion
89 Plaque of the Ergastines 3.1ft x 6.8ft Theme: Relief
90 36. Grave stele of Hegeso Attributed to Kallimachos c. 410 B.C.E (Classical) Marble and paint 5 11 x 3 2
91 Theme: Genre Scene Funerary Marker
92 37. Winged Victory of Samothrace Hellenistic Greek c. 190 B.C.E Marble 9 feet high
93 Theme: Importance of Location
94 Great Example of Modern Wet Drapery The White Lady at Zentralfriedhof, Vienna Photo by: Marcus Propostus
95 Laocoon and His Sons Hellenistic c. first century C.E. Marble 6 10 x 5 4 x 3 8
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98 Wim Botha. Prism 10 (Dead Laocoön) Bronze.
99 38. Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon 3 Asia Minor (present day Turkey) Hellenistic Greek c. 175 B.C.E Marble (architecture and sculpture) 110ft W x 108ft D x 66ft H
100 Theme: Religious Spaces Site Plan
101 38. Frieze of Athena at the Great Altar of Zeus and Athena Whole Frieze = 7.5ft High 400 ft long Theme: Relief
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103 41. Seated Boxer Hellenistic Greek c. 100 B.C.E Bronze 50 high
104 Theme: Individual vs. Society
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106 Capitoline Wolf Wolf c. 5 th Century B.C.E Babies c. 15 th Century C.E Bronze
107 39. House of the Vetti 3 Pompeii, Italy Imperial Roman c. Second century B.C.E Rebuilt c C.E. Cut stone and fresco Roughly 35m x 50m
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109 Theme: Houses with Gardens
110 39. House of the Vetti Theme: Trompe-l oeil Frescos
111 Republican Roman c. 100 B.C.E Mosaic 9ft x 16.75ft 40. Alexander Mosaic from the House of Faun, Pompeii
112 Theme: Battle Scene
113 42. Head of Roman patrician Theme: Portrait Republican Roman c B.C.E Marble 14 high
114 43. Augustus of Prima Porta Imperial Roman Early first century C.E. Marble 6 8 high
115 Theme: Power and Authority
116 Now, let's turn to the breast plate worn by Augustus. Note that it is covered with the figures in relief: At the top, right, the chariot representing the rising sun At the top, left, the figure with the torch represents the setting sun At the top, center, note the older male figure -- he's a personification of the sky and is literally holding up the sky At the bottom, the figure holding a cornucopia that may be a personification of the earth Taken together, these imply a cosmic setting. In other words, the pagan symbols show that the emperor's influence is universal. The Standard of the Roman Legion had been captured by the Parthians. In the center of the breast plate, the Standard is being returned to the Romans. This was a military symbol. Tiberius (Augustus successor) received the standard.
117 44. Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater) 2 Rome, Italy Imperial Roman C.E. Stone and concrete
118 The length is 615 ft width is 510 ft The overall area is around 6 acres
119 Theme: Civic Spaces
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122 45. Forum of Trajan 4 Rome, Italy Apollodorus of Damascus Forum and markets C.E. Column completed 113 C.E. Brick and concrete (architecture); Marble (column) Complex = 1000ft x 600ft
123 Basilica Ulpia (reconstruction drawing) 385ft x 182ft Theme: City Planning
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125 Trajan markets 150 offices and stores
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127 Column of Trajan 128ft high 625 foot long narrative Theme: Narrative in Art
128 46. Pantheon 2 Imperial Roman C.E. Concrete with stone facing 142ft high
129 Cupola walls = 20ft thick Oculus = 27ft across Theme: House of Worship
130 Great Khan Academy Video
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133 47. Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus 1 Late Imperial Roman c. 250 C.E. Marble 5ft long x 3ft high
134 Theme: Relief
135 Arch of Constantine Late Imperial Roman c. 315 C.E. Marble 69 ft high
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137 The decoration of the arch is composed almost entirely of "spolia", pieces taken from monuments of earlier emperors. In the top tier reliefs that were taken from a supposed earlier arch of Marcus Aurelius, new heads with the visage of Constantine were used to replace the original heads of Marcus Aurelius.
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