2 nd Intermediate Period Hyksos Invade EXAM! NEXT WED. 9/22

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1 2 nd Intermediate Period Hyksos Invade EXAM! NEXT WED. 9/22 Egypt New Kingdom c bce Temple: Pylon, Hypostyle hall, oblisk Hatshepsut c bce Book of the Dead: Opening of Mouth, Weighing of Souls c bce Amarna Period c bce (part of NK) Akhenaten Nefertiti Aten Tutankhamon c bce Ramses II 1279 bce Nubia, (Kush) 8 th BC Taharqo 690 bce Nubian pyramid Ptolomeic Period 4 th -1 st bce Roman Period 1 st bce-4 th ce Cleopatra Julius Ceasar Marc Antony

2 THE NEW KINGDOM: Egypt as Empire c bce

3 NK also power of Priests, Temples PYLON TEMPLE c.1550bce +

4 Plan of standard PYLON TEMPLE c.1550bce +

5 Valley of the Kings Valley of the Queens The West Bank of the river Nile (near Luxor) was the domain of the deceased (necropolis) and it is dominated by mortuary temples and hundreds of tombs

6 Hatshepsut s mortuary temple Deir el bari c bce

7 Queen Hatshepsut Signs of kingship?

8

9 Tutmosis III (nephew) vs Hatshepsut

10 Hatshepsut, Pharaoh c bce Consort Senenmut & daughter Nefrura

11 Senenmut & daughter Nefrura 1470 bce

12 Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut c bce Senmut, architect

13

14

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16 Hatshepsut as a sphinx c bce

17

18

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20 Temple Complexes Karnak & Luxor c bce

21 Luxor Temple of Amun-Mut-Khonsu Peristyle courtyard Pylon gate Hypostyle hall Amenhotep & RamsesII, 18 th & 19 th dynasties

22 Pylon Peristyle Courtyard Colonnade Hypostyle Hall

23 Luxor c bce (Amenhotep III) 1213 bce (Ramses II) Pylon Gate obelisk Temple of Amun-Mut-Khonsu

24 Luxor Temple of Amun-Mut-Khonsu Ramses II Pylon gate c bce

25 Luxor Pylon Gate Obelisk

26 Lotus bud capitals

27 Luxor

28 Luxor, Peristyle courtyards

29 Plan, portion of Karnak Sacred Temple District

30 Pylon, Karnak Obelisk, Karnak

31 Karnak

32 Hypostyle Hall, Karnak

33 New Kingdom Tomb Paintings Nebamun hunting birds, Thesbes c bce

34

35

36

37 Amarna Period c bce Amenhotep IV = Akenhaten & Nefertiti 18 th dynasty c s

38 Parents Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye Queen Tiye supported son s monotheism?

39 Nefertiti Tiye s niece? (Akhenaten Tiye s son)

40 Akhenaten s long face & Feminine body

41 Amenhotep IV =Akenh Aten the sun god

42 "Come yourself, or send your son, and you will see the king at whose sight all lands live." --Akhenaten to Aziru, c1337 BC (Amarna tablet 162) Written in? Diplomatic letters (on clay) between King of Egypt (Amenhotep III & IV Akenaten) & rulers of the Near East

43 Sculptor Thutmose?

44

45 "And the heiress, great in the palace, fair of face, adorned with the double plumes, mistress of happiness, endowed with favours, at hearing whose voice the king rejoices, the chief wife of the king, his beloved, the lady of the two lands, Nefertiti, may she live for ever and always." Inscription on a stelae of Queen Nefertiti's husband Pharaoh Akhenaten Sculptor Thutmose?

46 Akenhaten, Nefertiti & Daughters & ATEN c s Sculptor Thutmose?

47 Amarna Palace Archeological Site

48 Amarna

49

50 Sun Temple at Amarna to Aten

51 Daughters of Akenhaten & Nefertiti

52 Kiya Tutankamun s mother? Akhenaten Tutankamun s father DNA tests prove Akehnaten s parents Were brother and sister

53 Tutankhamen & Ankhesenamen? C s (dautghter of Akhenaten & Nefertiti)

54 Tutankaten= Tutankhamen (1341 BC 1323 BC) 18 th dynasty I widened the breach and by means of the candle looked in... It was sometime before one could see, the hot air escaping caused the candle to flicker, but as soon as one's eyes became accustomed to the glimmer of light, the interior of the chamber gradually loomed before one, with its strange and wonderful medley of extraordinary and beautiful objects heaped upon one another. There was naturally short suspense for those present who could not see, when Lord Carnarvon said to me 'Can you see anything?' I replied to him 'Yes, it is wonderful'." Howard Carter opening King Tutankhamen's Tomb (26 November 1925)

55 Discovery of Tutankhamen's Tomb 1925 Howard Carter

56

57

58

59

60

61 (1341 BC 1323 BC)

62

63 (1341 BC 1323 BC)

64

65

66 (Amarna Period 1341 BC 1323 BC)

67

68

69 Book of the Dead, Scroll, 16 high, painted papyrus, 1285 Osiris Isis & sister Nephres

70

71 Ramses II, Warrior, Builder, 1279 bce 18 th dynasty

72 Abu Simbel, 1279 bce

73

74 Nefertari ---

75 Ramses II vs Nefertari Karnak

76 Abu Simbel 1279 bce Rock cut TEMPLE

77 Concave relief

78 Abu Simbel 1279 bce

79 Abu Simbel c. 1279

80

81 Abu Simbel 1279 bce 2 nd rock cut temple

82

83 Queen Nefertari s Tomb, c bce

84 Getty Conservation project 1990 s

85 Nefertari before Isis

86 Osiris

87 Nefertari & Isis

88 1995-present Duke Univ.

89 After the New Kingdom Egypt invaded by: Kushites (Nubia) modern Sudan8-7 th Assyrians 7 th Persia (Darius & Xerxes)5th Greece (Alexander)4 th Kushite (Nubia atmeroe) 3 rd S. Egypt Rome (Julius Ceasar) 1 st bce

90 Kushites at Thebes NK(aka Nubians to later Romans) Kushites bringing tribute to Tutankamen, NK

91 Kushite Dynasty (Nubia) 8th-7 thbce Pharaoh Taharqo, Nubia 7 th century bce

92 Pharaoh Taharqo venerating the falcon-god Hemen 7 th bce(louvre) Nubian Pharaoh tomb painting 7 th bce right King Tanutamani Canopic jar

93 Kushite Crystal Jar with gold head of Hathor 7 th c bce Isis pectral 6-5 th bce

94 Assyrians 7 th bce Invade Egypt 7 th century bce Meroe (Kush) revival 3 rd bce

95 Meroe (revival of Kush /Nubian) 3 rd Pyramids of Meroe (Nubia, modern Sudan)

96 c. 200 bce

97

98 Pyramids of Meroe, with some reconstruction 3rd-1st bce What is the name of this kind of gate?

99 Relief of a ruler, a Candace of Meroë named Kandake Amanitore 3 rd -1 st bce

100 Kushite Queen Amanishakheto 1 st century bce Pyramid with pylon gate

101 Kushite Queen Amanishakheto late 1 st century bce

102 Kushite Queen Amanishakheto 1 st century bce

103 Kushite Queen Amanishakheto 1 st century bce Pyramid Tomb treasures (Sudan) Shield rings w/ lion & ram head (two of 9rings) vase

104 GREEKS Alexander the Great, Ptolemy & Ptolemaic Egypt c. 330 bce 30 bce

105 ROMANS Cleopatra VII, Last Pharaoh of Egypt, c. 30 bce Conquered by Rome But it took 3 Romans Emperors/Generals to do it!

106 Greek, African, Egyptian, Hollywood sex goddess?

107 Julius Caesar, Cleopatra, their son Caesarian, (Cleopatra)

108 Cleopatra & Marc Antony R Vs Octavius below (Augustus I)

109 Roman Art in Egypt Roman Mummies, Hawara & Faiyum, Egypt, c. 100 ce

110

111 Relief hatshepsut tomb 5 th century female warrior greek

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