Practical application of the winter criteria In extreme winter conditions. IFRC-SRU Conference Luxembourg, May 20 &21 of 2015 Daniel Ledesma

Transcription

1 Practical application of the winter criteria In extreme winter conditions IFRC-SRU Conference Luxembourg, May 20 &21 of 2015 Daniel Ledesma

2 Ulaanbaatar field test Shelter winter solution testing phase in Mongolia Ulaanbaatar January 29 to February 13 of shelter solution tested 450kg of coal +10 volunteers recorded measures MRC, BRC, NEMA, F&P and IFRC-SRU Mongolian Red Cross Society 2/10

3 Tested tents Numbering of units 1.- Improved Dome tent with winter kit 2.- Standard Family tent with winter kit 3.- Canadian design 4.- Standard Turk Kizilay family tent 5.- Std. Turk Kizilay with nonwoven felt inside 6.- Std. Turk Kizilay with 20mm reflective felt inside 7.- Std. Turk Kizilay with 40mm reflective felt inside 8.- F&P prototype tent 9.- SRU hexagonal prototype 10.- SRU + Turk Kizilay winterized tent 3/10

4 Tent setup and field situation N E D>2H D>2H 4/10

5 Tent setup Test 00 Test 11 Record and comparison between different practical parameters Test 3.5 Test 14 Thermal pictures record First data analyze Tent selection Failure of Test 02 Test 6.1 CO2 concentration without people Test 7 Air speed inside the tent Test 9 Inside temperature with people inside (tent 9) Test 3.1 Stove with brick inside Test 6 Co2 concentration with people (tent 10) Test 15 Sun load by thermal pictures analyze Test 3.2 Stove with 4kg and brick inside (tent 9 & 10) Stove inside with 8kg/4hs Tent selection base Test 02 Interior air temperature different point - selected tents Test 02 - Repetition Test 04 Interior air humidity without people Test 03 Stove with 8kg one charge overnight Test 3.4 Stove with 8kg one charge tent open Test 6 Co2 concentration with people (tent 9) Test 9 Inside temperature with people inside (tent 10) Test 6.1 CO2 concentration without people (tent 8) Test 07 Air speed repetition Test 18 Blown test in tents 8, 9 & 10 Test time Static test (with radiators) Stove 8kg charge outside Test 01 29/ 01 30/01 31/01 01/02 02/02 03/02 04/02 05/02 06/02 07/02 08/02 09/02 10/02 11/02 12/02 13/02 5/10

6 Comparison with practical and logistic parameters 6/10

7 Setup time (min) Setup time and weight Inner tent Volume and setup time setup time (min) Volume (m3) 0 Dome winter conf Family tent winter kit Canadian tent std Kizilay sdt Kizilay felt std Kizilay sion 20mm Tent name sdt Kizilay sion 40mm F and P prototype hexagonal tent Kizilay winter solution 0 - Weight: a range between 100kg and 120kg should be acceptable - Target weight for summer tents is not realistic for the additional insulation required for winter tents 7/10

8 Passive test with electric heaters Electric heaters (with night temp of -27 C) 8/10

9 3:04 PM 3:34 PM 4:04 PM 4:34 PM 5:04 PM 5:34 PM 6:04 PM 6:34 PM 7:04 PM 7:34 PM 8:04 PM 8:34 PM 9:04 PM 9:34 PM 10:04 PM 10:34 PM 11:04 PM 11:34 PM 12:04 AM 12:34 AM 1:04 AM 1:34 AM 2:04 AM 2:34 AM 3:04 AM 3:34 AM 4:04 AM 4:34 AM 5:04 AM 5:34 AM 6:04 AM 6:34 AM Temperature Passive test with electric heaters 40,0 30,0 20,0 Passive test with elelectric heaters Tent 1 Tent 2 Tent 3 10,0 Tent 4 0,0 Tent 5-10,0-20,0-30,0 Tent 6 Tent 7 Tent 8 Tent Tent 10 Date and time Ext. temp 25,0 20,0 Tent 2 9 o C 42kw Tent 7 21 o C Tent o C 12kw Tent 1 Tent 2 15,0 Tent 3 Tent 4 10,0 Tent 5 Tent 6 5,0 Tent 7 Tent 8 0,0 Tent 9 Tent 10-5,0 9/10

10 Passive test with coal stove Normal coal stove to tent selection (with night temp of -23 C -8kg/4hs = 3loads) 10/10

11 7:08:52 p.m. 7:38:52 p.m. 8:08:52 p.m. 8:38:52 p.m. 9:08:52 p.m. 9:38:52 p.m. 10:08:52 p.m. 10:38:52 p.m. 11:08:52 p.m. 11:38:52 p.m. 12:08:52 a.m. 12:38:52 a.m. 1:08:52 a.m. 1:38:52 a.m. 2:08:52 a.m. 2:38:52 a.m. 3:08:52 a.m. 3:38:52 a.m. 4:08:52 a.m. 4:38:52 a.m. 5:08:52 a.m. 5:38:52 a.m. 6:08:52 a.m. 6:38:52 a.m. 7:08:52 a.m. 7:38:52 a.m. 8:08:52 a.m. 8:38:52 a.m. 9:08:52 a.m. 9:38:52 a.m. 10:08:52 a.m. 10:38:52 a.m. 11:08:52 a.m. 11:38:52 a.m. 12:08:52 p.m. 12:38:52 p.m. 1:08:52 p.m. 1:38:52 p.m. 2:08:52 p.m. 2:38:52 p.m. 3:08:52 p.m. 3:38:52 p.m. 4:08:52 p.m. 4:38:52 p.m. 5:08:52 p.m. 5:38:52 p.m. 6:08:52 p.m. 6:38:52 p.m. 7:08:52 p.m. 7:38:52 p.m. 8:08:52 p.m. 8:38:52 p.m. 9:08:52 p.m. 9:38:52 p.m. 10:08:52 p.m. 10:38:52 p.m. 11:08:52 p.m. 11:38:52 p.m. 12:08:52 a.m. 12:38:52 a.m. 1:08:52 a.m. 1:38:52 a.m. 2:08:52 a.m. 2:38:52 a.m. 3:08:52 a.m. 3:38:52 a.m. 4:08:52 a.m. 4:38:52 a.m. 5:08:52 a.m. 5:38:52 a.m. 6:08:52 a.m. 6:38:52 a.m. 7:08:52 a.m. 7:38:52 a.m. 8:08:52 a.m. 8:38:52 a.m. 9:08:52 a.m. 9:38:52 a.m. 10:08:52 a.m. 10:38:52 a.m. 11:08:52 a.m. 11:38:52 a.m. 12:08:52 p.m. 12:38:52 p.m. 1:08:52 p.m. 1:38:52 p.m. 2:08:52 p.m. 2:38:52 p.m. 3:08:52 p.m. 3:38:52 p.m. 4:08:52 p.m. 4:38:52 p.m. 5:08:52 p.m. 5:38:52 p.m. 6:08:52 p.m. 6:38:52 p.m. Passive test with coal stove 50,0 40,0 30,0 20,0 10,0 0,0-10,0-20,0-30,0 8kg coal 8kg coal 8kg coal 31/01/15 01/02/15 Tent 1 Tent 2 Tent 3 Tent 4 Tent 5 Tent 6 Tent 7 Tent 8 Tent 9 50,0 40,0 30,0 20,0 10,0 0,0-10,0-20,0-30,0 Tent 2 Tent 4 Tent 10 Ext. temp 31/01/15 01/02/15 8kg coal 3 times Min. Exterior temperature -23 o C 10 Tents 11/10

12 Active test & tent selection VOLUNTEER SAFE EXTERIOR TEMPERATURE INTERIOR TEMPERATURE TENT MODEL HEATING SYSTEM 12/10

13 Interior air temperature night temp of -24 C - 8kg/4hs 13/10

14 Temp of reference at 0.50m Max recorded temperature by level Average H=0 Average H=50 Average H=180 H = 1,80m Recorded temperature by level Max t ( =0) Extreme cold conditions Shelter + NFI H = 0,50m H = 0m =10 C = 20C Weight 10kg L=2.00m W= 1.00m H= 0,50m Temp diff. = 20C 14/10

15 19:05:08 19:35:08 20:05:08 20:35:08 21:05:08 21:35:08 22:05:08 22:35:08 23:05:08 23:35:08 00:05:08 00:35:08 01:05:08 01:35:08 02:05:08 02:35:08 03:05:08 03:35:08 04:05:08 04:35:08 05:05:08 05:35:08 06:05:08 06:35:08 07:05:08 07:35:08 08:05:08 08:35:08 09:05:08 Heat distribution Temperature at 50cm =18 o C =15 o C =20 o C 10/02/ /02/ /10

16 Ext. temperature -22C Kg of coal and interior temperature Coal in the local market App. 24 kg =1.5usd Coal loads 8kg/3hs 64kg /day 4usd/day Stove in the local market 30usd STD Family tent + winter kit (without shipping) Price = 750usd Interior temp. -5C Kizilay winter solution (without shipping) Price = 900usd Interior temp. +8C STD Family tent + winter kit provide 0,02C/usd Kizilay winter solution provide 0,03C/usd STD Family tent 1usd of coal provide 3,75C Kizilay winter tent 1usd of coal provide 7,5C The STD Family tent is 66% more expensive than the Kizilay winter solution!!! 16/10

17 Sound measurement Auditory comfort 17/10

18 Sound level in dba Sound level in dba Sound level in dba Sound level in dba Sound measurement % 5m 3m 2m 1m Max. ext. Max 2% Tent 9 - Recorded sound Tent 3 - Secorded sound 5m 3m 2m 1m 7% Max. ext. Max 8% Tent 8 - Recorded sound m 3m 2m 1m Max. ext. Max 2% 2% Tent 10 - Recorded Sound m 3m 2m 1m Max. ext. Max 21% 21% 24% 24% 9% 12% 18/10

19 Light inside the tent 19/10

20 Lux level Lux Sky Conditions Blue sky +smoke Lux level outside x100 Starting time 10:20 am Light inside the tent Illumination inside the tent Home task (reading) Close Window open Tent 3 Tent 8 Tent 9 Tent 10 Tent number 20/10

21 CO2 measurement CO2 concentration inside the tent CO2 21/10

22 CO2 in ppm CO2 ppm 7:00:03 PM 7:30:03 PM 8:00:03 PM 8:30:03 PM 9:00:04 PM 9:30:04 PM 10:00:04 PM 10:30:03 PM 11:00:03 PM 11:30:03 PM 12:00:03 AM 12:30:03 AM 1:00:03 AM 1:30:03 AM 2:00:03 AM 2:30:03 AM 3:00:03 AM 3:30:03 AM 4:00:03 AM 4:30:03 AM 5:00:03 AM 5:30:03 AM 6:00:03 AM 6:30:03 AM 7:00:03 AM CO2 ppm Co2 measurement inside the tent CO2 concentration without people ASHRAE recommendation: Interior concentration for residential buildings <1000ppm Adverse health effect after 8hs >2500ppm Max CO2 recorded with people /03/15 02/05/15 Tent 9 without people Tent 10 without people CO2 concentration with people Tent 9 Max CO2 with people 02/09/15 00:00 02/10/15 00:00 Tent 9 with people Tent 10 with people Tent 10 Max CO2 with people 22/10

23 Inside temperature with people 23/10

24 19:04 19:34 20:04 20:34 21:04 21:34 22:04 22:34 23:04 23:34 00:04 00:34 01:04 01:34 02:04 02:34 03:04 03:34 04:04 04:34 05:04 05:34 06:04 06:34 07:04 07:34 08:04 08:34 09:04 Temperature Inside temperature with people Temperature at 50cm with people 40,0 30,0 20,0 10,0 0,0-10,0-20,0-30,0 Tent 10 Ext. temerature Tent 9 10/02/ /02/2015 Exterior temperature Interior temperature Number volunteers Coal Max. -12 o C Min. -23 o C Av. Tent 9=13,5 o C Av. Tent 10=13 o C 5 persons 8kgx3bags overnight 24/10

25 Questionnaires Questionnaires after test 16 Propose some improvements related to different aspects as: Clothes storage Chimney position (crossing the inner room) Shape Stove position Vestibule configuration Internal arrangements (internal design layout) Highlight of cultural aspect Material sensation / felt was really well received 25/10

26 Shelter selection Logistics Measurements Winter criteria No crossing line Weight Packaging Central high Co2 concentration Temperature Setup time Surface with more than 1,80m high Ground insulation Volume Packaging Surface Unit price Door dimension X2 X5 26/10

27 Shelter selection Dome tent STD family tent Canadian unit Sumer Kizilay Felt Kizilay Kizilay+felt 20mm Kizilay+felt 40mm F&P prototype Hexagonal Kizilay winter WEIGHT SETUP TIME VOLUME PackagingCENTRAL HIGH SIDE HIGH SURFACE Door dimensions Ventilation Inside partitionextra g. insolation Unit price Thermal perform. 27/10

28 Questions? 28/10

29 Vincent Virgo, Research Officer / vincent.virgo@croix-rouge.lu Daniel Ledesma, Research Officer / daniel.ledesma@croix-rouge.lu T.: IFRC-SRU, 10 Cité Henri Dunant, L-8095 Bertrange, Luxembourg