IATA/UFTAA Consultant Course 6.9 STOP PRESS

Transcription

1 CHCHC IATA/UFTAA Consultant Course 6.9 STOP PRESS The following fare checks no longer apply to journeys priced and ticketed from October 15, 2008: Country of Payment Check (COP) Common Point Minimum Check (CPM) Directional Minimum Check (DMC) One Way Sub Journey Check (OSC) Return Sub Journey Check (RSC) This table identifies the course syllabus, course workbook and PAT Training Extract pages affected by the now obsolete fare checks. Please mark or replace the pages as instructed. MODULE UNIT PAGE DESCRIPTION INSTRUCTION DMC Not examinable COP Not examinable DMC Not examinable COP Not examinable & CPM Not examinable OSC Not examinable DMC Not examinable RSC Not examinable 2.9 REVIEW QUESTIONS Related review questions Ignore # 21 #24 #27 #34 #35 #43 #45 #46 Workbook Activity DMC Check review Ignore Replace page Workbook Activtiy COP Revised Replace page Workbook Activity CPM Revised Replace page Workbook Activtiy OSC Revised Replace page Workbook Activtiy OSC Revised Replace page Workbook Activtiy OSC & DMC Revised Replace page Workbook Activtiy OSC Revised Replace page Workbook Activtiy RSC Revised Replace page Workbook Activtiy RSC Revised Replace page Workbook Activtiy OSC Revised Replace page Workbook Activtiy RSC Revised Replace page Workbook Activtiy OSC Revised Replace page Workbook Activtiy OSC Revised Replace page Workbook Activtiy OSC Revised Replace page PAT TE 5 Editorial Changes iii List of changes to the PAT Revised Replace page IATA International Travel and Tourism Training Programme 3 December 2008

2 Activity 12 When Activity does 12 intentionally the DMC apply? deleted. The DMC applies to any one-way/noj journey if the following three conditions exist: 1. Travel must be from/to/via Japan 2. Travel must be one-way or NOJ 3. Travel documents for the journey must be issued outside the country of commencement of travel How is the DMC applied? Fares are retrieved between all ticketed points (stopovers and connections) in the reverse direction of travel (see exception for specified routing fares) For NOJ routings the DMC applies to each fare component The DMC applies to all ticketed points, including stopover and transfer points (see exception for specified routing fares) Compare the highest DMC fare (DMC NUC) with the routing Applicable Fare (AF) or the One-way Minimum Fare (OWM) If the DMC NUC is the highest, raise the AF/OWM to the DMC NUC Note: In the case of Specified Routing Fares: When a fare component is based on a specified routing fare, then the DMC is performed only from the destination to origin city pair since these fares are based on an applicable routing for the fare rather than mileage. For example 1, after SEZ, please write (one way journey) For example 3, after Answer (on page 139), please remove outside Japan and the COC is outside Japan and replace with inside the COC. Indicate for which of the following examples the DMC will apply. 1. C Class Issued in SEZ Journey DEL BKK AI TYO TG NUC C OW DEL-TYO TYO X DEL P (DMC TYO-DEL C OW NUC minus = ) NUC This is a specified routing. Does the DMC apply to this example? Yes/No. 14 Air Fares and Ticketing 2 - Activity Workbook

3 Activity 38 (continued) Combination of 2 consecutive OW pricing units Y KUL 2265 EH BOM MH 708 EH DEL IC EH BOM IC 1898 EH ADE IY 1426 EH AMM RJ Fare Construction 2: PU1: OW PU2: OW FCP KUL DEL DEL AMM NUC Y OW Y OW RULE Y277 Y205 MPM EH 2874 EH 2943 TPM EMA NIL E/BOM EMS 5M 15M HIP NIL NIL RULE NIL NIL AF NUC NUC CHECK BHC NA BHC NA SUBTOTAL NUC TOTAL NUC IROE X LCF MYR (H1) MYR 5747 FARE CALCULATION KUL MH BOM IC DEL 5M903.86IC E/BOM IY ADE RJ AMM15M773.01NUC END ROE Air Fares and Ticketing 2 - Activity Workbook

4 Activity 37 (continued) End-on combination of 2 contiguous OWs and a RT subjourney Y DEL 665 EH KHI IC --- PU1: OW 1486 EH CMB UL EH KHI UL --- PU2: RT 1464 EH X/ DAC PK 4969 EH LON BG 5543 AT MEX BA PU3: OW Fare Construction 3: PU 1: OW PU 3: OW FCP DEL KHI KHI MEX NUC Y OW Y OW (AT) RULE NIL X0864 MPM POINT AT TPM TO EMS POINT 5M HIP Y (AT) LON MEX RULE X0759 AF NUC NUC CHECK NA BHC NIL SUBTOTAL NUC PU 2: RT: KHI CMB Y ½ RT = X 2 = Rule Y277 TOTAL NUC IROE X LCF INR ~ (H5) INR While the resulting fare is less than the that of the first calculation, this is more expensive than the LCF of the second method! FARE CALCULATION DEL IC KHI141.21UL CMB204.93UL KHI204.93PK X/DAC BG LON BA MEX5M LONMEX NUC END ROE Air Fares and Ticketing 2 - Activity Workbook

5 Activity 37 (continued) Combination of two consecutive OW pricing units Y DEL 665 EH KHI IC 1486 EH CMB UL EH KHI UL 1464 EH X/ DAC PK 4969 EH LON BG 5543 AT MEX BA Note: CMB-MEX Y OW NUC RULE X0870 MPM Fare Construction 2: PU 1: OW PU 2: OW FCP DEL CMB CMB MEX NUC Y OW Y OW RULE Y277 X0870 MPM EH 1786 AT TPM EMA NIL NA EMS 25M 5M HIP NIL Y (AT) LON MEX RULE NA X0759 AF NUC NUC CHECK BHC NA BHC NA SUBTOTAL NUC TOTAL NUC IROE X LCF INR ~ (H5) INR FARE CALCULATION DEL IC KHI UL CMB25M532.95UL KHI PK X/DAC BG LON BA MEX5M LONMEX NUC END ROE Answer Key 121

6 Activity 36 Limitation on indirect travel: two arrivals at the same destination point Use of lowest combination principle Y ABJ 3038 EH PAR RK 249 EH ZRH AF EH PAR LX Fare Construction 1: PU 1: OW PU 2: OW FCP ABJ ZRH ZRH PAR NUC Y OW Y OW RULE Y046 Z002 MPM EH 3718 POINT TPM 3287 TO EMA NIL POINT EMS M HIP Y OW ABJ PAR RULE Y046 AF NUC NUC CHECK BHC NA HI ABJ PAR LO ABJ ZRH BHD P HI ABJ PAR OWM OW SUBTOTAL NUC TOTAL NUC IROE X LCF XOF ~(H100) XOF FARE CALCULATION ABJ RK PAR AF ZRH M ABJPAR LX PAR649.19P ABJPAR ABJZRH11.41NUC END ROE Air Fares and Ticketing 2 - Activity Workbook

7 Activity 35 Y TYO 759 EH SEL JL 5360 TS FRA LH 5360 TS SEL LH 759 EH TYO JL Fare Construction: Pricing Unit #1 I. II. FCP TYO SEL TYO SEL NUC Y2 ½ RT Y2 ½ RT RULE Y315 Y315 MPM POINT POINT TPM TO TO EMA POINT POINT EMS M M HIP NA NA RULE NA NA AF NUC RT NUC Pricing Unit #2 FCP SEL FRA SEL FRA NUC Y ½ RT (TS) Y ½ RT (TS) RULE Y094 Y094 MPM POINT POINT TPM TO TO EMA POINT POINT EMS M M HIP NA NA RULE NA NA AF NUC RT NUC PU1 + PU2 = SUBTOTAL ( ) NUC TOTAL NUC IROE x LCF JPY (H100) JPY Answer Key 117

8 Activity 34 Limitation on indirect travel: two departures from the same origin point Use lowest combination principle Sold in ULN F ULN 724 EH BJS OM EH X/ ULN OM 2881 FE MOW OM 1343 EH AMS KL Fare Construction 1: PU 1: OW PU 2: OW FCP ULN BJS BJS AMS NUC F OW (EH) F OW (EH) RULE Y275 Y146 MPM POINT EH 7300 TPM TO 4948 EMA POINT NA EMS M HIP RULE NA AF NUC NUC CHECK NA NA OW SUBTOTAL NUC TOTAL = NUC IROE X 1.00 LCF USD FARE CALCULATION ULN OM BJS658.00OM X/ULN OM MOW KL AMS M NUC END ROE1.00 Answer Key 115

9 Activity 33 (continued) Fare Construction: Pricing Unit #1: I. II. FCP VNO ZRH VNO ZRH NUC Y ½RT Y ½RT RULE Z002 Z002 MPM EH 1053 EH 1053 TPM 962 M 950 M HIP Y ½RT VNO VIE Y ½RT VNO FRA RULE Z002 Z001 AF NUC NUC CHECK NA NA SUBTOTAL CT NUC CTM VNO FRA RT < AF PU1: CT NUC Pricing Unit #2: I. II. FCP ZRH JNB ZRH CPT NUC Y ½RT Y ½RT RULE Y046 Y046 MPM EH 6277 EH 7225 TPM EMA NIL NA EMS M M HIP/RULE NIL NIL AF NUC NUC CHECK NA NA SUBTOTAL TNOJ PU2: TNOJ NUC PU1 + PU 2 = SUBTOTAL NUC TOTAL NUC IROE X 1.00 LCF USD (N1) USD *Note: VNO-JNB JNB-CPT (AO) = FARE CALCULATION VNO TE VIE OS ZRH M VNOVIE819.69MS CAI SA JNB /-CPT VS LON BA ZRH M LH FRA TE VNO M VNOFRA667.38NUC END ROE1.00 Answer Key 113

10 Activity 33 TNOJ minimum fare Sold in VNO Y Note: MPM (EH) 7225 ZRH-CPT Y RT VNO VNO-JNB Y RT EH VIE TE 375 EH ZRH OS --- PU1: CT 1705 EH CAI MS 3893 EH JNB SA surface PU2: TNOJ CPT 6019 EH LON VS 483 EH ZRH BA EH FRA LH 772 EH VNO TE 112 Air Fares and Ticketing 2 - Activity Workbook

11 Activity 32 (continued) Fare Construction: Pricing Unit #1: (Departure from TYO/OSA weekday) I. II. FCP TYO SHA OSA BJS NUC YX2 ½RT YX2 ½RT RULE Y317 Y317 MPM POINT POINT TPM TO TO EMA POINT POINT AF NUC NUC CHECK NIL NIL PU1: DNOJ NUC Pricing Unit #2: I. II. FCP SHA HAV BJS HAV NUC Y ½RT Y ½RT RULE X0954 X0876 MPM AT AT TPM EMA NIL NA EMS 5M M HIP/RULE NIL NIL AF NUC NUC CHECK HAV SHA Y ½RT HAV BJS Y ½RT SUBTOTAL ONOJ NUC PU2: ONOJ NUC PU1 + PU 2 = SUBTOTAL NUC ONOJ TOTAL NUC IROE X LCF JPY ~ (H100) JPY BSR (1JPY = USD) X EQFP USD ~ (N1) USD Note: There are no AT fares OSA-HAV. AO should be used, as follows: OSATYO AO TYO-HAV Y 1/2 RT NUC FARE CALCULATION: TYO NH SHA736.47MU X/BKK TG PAR AF CCS CU HAV5M MP X/AMS KL BJS M TYO JL OSA NUC END ROE Answer Key 111

12 Activity 32 ONOJ minimum fare Y BSR 1 JPY = USD TYO 1110 EH SHA NH --- PU1: DNOJ 1786 EH X/ BKK MU 5860 EH PAR TG 4737 AT CCS AF 1332 WH HAV CU --- PU2: ONOJ 4859 AT X/ AMS MP 4864 EH BJS KL EH OSA JL 110 Air Fares and Ticketing 2 - Activity Workbook

13 Activity 31 Y ROM 435 EH X/ ZRH AZ 3779 EH NBO KQ 417 EH DAR TC EH LON BA 595 EH X/ MIL AZ 309 EH FRA LH ROM-MIL AO 0.00 MPM 5068 Fare Construction: PU 1. PU 2. FCP ROM DAR DAR FRA NUC ROM MIL AO 0.00 Y OW MIL DAR RULE Y046 Y046 MPM EH 5068 EH 5224 TPM EMS M 10M HIP NIL Y OW DAR LON RULE NIL Y046 AF NUC NUC CHECK BHC NA BHC HI DAR LON LO DAR FRA BHD HI DAR LON OWM < TOTAL NUC IROE X LCF EUR ~ (H1) EUR FARE CALCULATION ROM AZ X/ZRH KQ NBO TC DAR M BA LON AZ X/MIL LH FRA10M DARLON P NUC END ROE Answer Key 109

14 Activity 30 Y TYO 759 EH SEL KE EH X/ OSA OZ 5652 TS IST JL 764 EH CAI TK 2620 EH DAR MS 1142 EH ADD TC Fare Construction: PU 1. PU 2 FCP TYO SEL SEL ADD NUC Y2 OW (EH) Y OW (TS) RULE Y315 Y010 MPM POINT TS TPM TO POINT M HIP Y OW SEL DAR RULE Y010 AF NUC NUC CHECK BHC NA BHC HI SEL DAR LO SEL ADD BHD P HI SEL DAR OWM NUC OW SUBTOTAL TOTAL NUC IROE X LCF JPY ~ (H100) JPY BSR X EQFP USD ~ (N1) USD FARE CALCULATION TYO KE SEL543.03OZ X/OSA JL IST TK CAI MS DAR TC ADD M SELDAR P SELDAR SELADD190.47NUC END ROE Air Fares and Ticketing 2 - Activity Workbook

15 Activity 29 (continued) Lowest combination of consecutive OW pricing units Y TYO 759 EH SEL KE EH X/ OSA OZ 5652 TS IST JL 764 EH CAI TK 2620 EH DAR MS 1142 EH ADD TC Fare Construction 2: PU 1 PU 2 FCP TYO SEL SEL ADD NUC Y2 OW (EH) Y OW (TS) RULE Y315 Y010 MPM POINT TS TPM TO POINT M EMA/EMS NA HIP Y OW SEL DAR RULE Y010 AF NUC NUC CHECK NA BHC HI SEL DAR LO SEL ADD BHD P HI SEL DAR OWM NUC OW SUBTOTAL (PU1+PU2) TYO ADD Y OW NUC TOTAL NUC IROE X LCF JPY ~ (H100) JPY FARE CALCULATION TYO KE SEL543.03OZ X/OSA JL IST TK CAI MS DAR TC ADD M SELDAR P SELDAR SELADD190.47NUC END ROE Answer Key 107

16 Activity 28 Y BSL 1144 EH IST TK 754 EH AMM RJ EH BEY ME 1684 EH X/ ZRH LX 134 EH MIL AZ Note: Rule: Y118 MPM 2328 Fare Construction: PU 1: PU 2: FCP BSL AMM AMM MIL NUC Y OW Y OW RULE Y118 Y118 MPM EH 2328 EH 2065 TPM EMA NA NA EMS M M HIP NIL RULE NA AF NUC NUC CHECK BHC NA BHC NA OW SUBTOTAL TOTAL NUC IROE X LCF CHF ~ (H1) CHF Note: BSL-AMM Y OW = BSL-ZRH (AO): ZRH-AMM Y OW: Answer Key 105

17 Activity 27 (continued) Lowest combination principle (LCP) Sold in SEZ Y SEZ 1301 EH NBO HM EH DXB KQ 1454 EH LCA CY 778 EH X/ BUH RO 922 EH MOW RO Fare Construction 3: (if break point is at NBO) PU1 PU2 FCP SEZ NBO NBO MOW NUC Y OW Y OW RULE Y250 Y046 MPM POINT EH 4755 TPM TO 5367 EMA POINT NIL EMS 15M HIP NIL RULE NIL AF NUC NUC CHECK BHC NA BHC NIL OW SUBTOTAL NUC TOTAL NUC IROE X LCF SCR ~(H1) SCR FARE CALCULATION SEZ HM NBO534.62KQ DXB CY LCA RO X/BUH RO MOW15M NUC END ROE Air Fares and Ticketing 2 - Activity Workbook

18 Activity 27 (continued) Lowest combination principle (LCP) Sold in SEZ Y SEZ 1301 EH NBO HM 2213 EH DXB KQ 1454 EH LCA CY EH X/ BUH RO 922 EH MOW RO Fare Construction 2: (if break point is at LCA) PU1 PU2 FCP SEZ LCA LCA MOW NUC Y OW Y OW RULE Y046 Z001 MPM EH 4009 EH 1740 TPM EMA NIL NIL EMS 25M M HIP NIL NIL RULE NA NA AF NUC NUC CHECK BHC NA BHC NA OW SUBTOTAL NUC TOTAL NUC IROE X LCF SCR ~ (H1) SCR Answer Key 103

19 This page intentionally blank Answer Key 101

20 Activity 26 C YVR 1071 WH X/ LAX AS 5786 AT FRA LH EH MAN BD 304 EH AMS UK 5559 AT LAX UA Fare Construction 1: I. II. FCP YVR FRA LAX FRA NUC C ½RT C ½RT RULE X0700 X1300 MPM AT 6013 AT 6943 TPM EMA NA NA EMS 15M M HIP NIL C ½RT LAX MAN RULE NA X1200 AF NUC NUC CHECK NA NA ONOJ SUBTOTAL TOTAL NUC IROE X LCF CAD ~ (N1) CAD Air Fares and Ticketing 2 - Activity Workbook

21 Activity 20 Ticketed in JED Y KTM 506 EH DEL RA 708 EH BOM IC 1909 EH SAH IY 533 EH JED SV EH DOH GF 2091 EH KTM RA Fare Construction: I. II. FCP KTM JED KTM JED NUC Y ½RT Y ½RT RULE Y205 Y205 MPM EH 3500 EH 3500 TPM EMA E/DELBOM M EMS M HIP/RULE NIL NIL AF NUC NUC CHECK NA NA RT SUBTOTAL JED KTM RT TOTAL NUC IROE X 1.00 LCF USD ~ (N1) USD BSR X EQFP SAR ~ (H1) SAR 4143 FARE CALCULATION KTM RA E/DEL IC E/BOM IY SAH SV JED M550.00GF DOH RA KTM M NUC END ROE Air Fares and Ticketing 2 - Activity Workbook

22 Activity 12 Activity Specified 12 Routings/Non-specified intentionally deleted. Routings and the DMC All IATA specified routings fares permit the use of the published direct fare from origin to destination irrespective of the place of sale. However, the DMC will apply to OW specified routings to/from or via Japan, provided these routings have been issued outside the Country of Commencement of travel (COC). For fares other than specified routings, the DMC applies to OW and NOJ fares to/from /via Japan, but it does not apply when the document is issued outside Japan and the COC is outside Japan. Indicate for which of the following examples the DMC will apply. Intermediate points are stopovers. 1. C Class Issued in SEZ Journey DEL BKK AI TYO TG NUC C OW DEL-TYO TYO X DEL P (DMC TYO-DEL C OW NUC = ) NUC This is a specified routing. Does the DMC apply to this example? Yes/No. Answer: Yes. DMC applies as it is issued outside the COC. 2. C Class Issued in DEL Journey DEL BKK AI TYO TG NUC C OW DEL-TYO This is a specified routing. Does the DMC apply to this example? Yes/No. Answer: No. The DMC does not apply since it is issued in the COC. 3. Y Class Issued in BJS Journey BJS Y OW BJS-OSA NUC SHA CA NGS JL 20M OSA JL (EMS) NUC This is not a specified routing. Does the DMC apply to this example? Yes/No. Answer: No. The DMC is not applicable, since the traffic document is issued outside Japan and the COC is outside Japan. 82 Air Fares and Ticketing 2 - Activity Workbook

23 2. Activity C Class 12 Issued intentionally DELdeleted. Journey DEL BKK AI TYO TG NUC C OW DEL-TYO This is a specified routing. Does the DMC apply to this example? Yes/No. 3. Y Class Issued in BJS Journey BJS Y OW BJS-OSA NUC SHA CA NGS JL 20M OSA JL (EMS) NUC This is not a specified routing. Does the DMC apply to this example? Yes/No. Activities 15

24 Activity 38 (continued) End-on combination of 2 contiguous OWs and a RT subjourney Y KUL 2265 EH BOM MH --- PU1: OW 708 EH DEL IC 708 EH BOM IC --- PU2: RT 1898 EH ADE IY 1426 EH AMM RJ PU3: OW Note: BOM-ADE = BOM-SAA SAA-ADE (AO) Fare Construction 3: PU 1: OW PU 3: OW FCP KUL BOM BOM AMM NUC Y OW Y OW RULE Y277 Y205 MPM POINT EH 2936 TPM TO 3324 EMA POINT NIL EMS NA 15M HIP NA NIL RULE NA NA AF NUC NUC CHECK BHC NA BHC NA OW SUBTOTAL NUC PU 2 BOM DEL X 2 = TOTAL NUC IROE X LCF MYR ~ (H1) MYR 7105 FARE CALCULATION KUL MH BOM860.82IC DEL215.00IC BOM215.00IY ADE RJ AMM15M733.01NUC END ROE Answer Key 125

25 Editorial / Changes in this book Editorial Correction to the Changes in this book section published in the January 09 issue: The CTM check has not been deleted from section and this check continues to apply in the assessment of Circle Trips Changes in this book General Rules 1. Abbreviations and Definitions Miscellaneous Abbreviations: provisions amended Tariff Coordinating Conference Subareas: provisions amended Other Subgroupings: provisions amended 2. Application of Tariff Paragraph deleted Paragraph deleted Example amended Example 1 amended Example C amended Paragraph B: example 2 amended and example 3 deleted Paragraph C: example amended 3. Baggage via QF: Baggage weight - area of application: provisions amended via QF: Free allowance for adults: provisions amended via QF: Excess baggage charges - Normal regulations: provisions amended via QF: Special regulations: provisions amended via QF: Baggage piece - area of application: provisions amended via JL/PR/QF: Free allowance for adults: provisions amended via QF: Special regulations: provisions amended via JL: Excess Baggage Charges: provisions amended via QF: Excess Baggage carrier tables: provisions amended 5. Carrier Surcharges 5.1 via AA/OA/PR: fuel surcharge: provisions amended 6. Discounts Application paragraph amended Application paragraph amended Application paragraph amended 8. Passenger Transportation 8.3 via VS: Passenger Expenses en-route: conditions amended 8.5 via CX: Charges for Oxygen Service: provisions cancelled 9. Payment, PTA and Refunds Addition of provision on TFC refund 11. Currency 11.8 EMU Information: provisions amended 11.9 Source for Bankers Rates of Exchange: Ghana, Macedonia, Moldova amended Currency names, codes, rounding units and acceptability: Lithuania amended 12. Taxes/Fees/Charges New Taxes introduced: Angola: Security Tax (MB) Cayman Islands: Passenger Facility Charge (LZ) Chile: Domestic Value Added Tax (LX). Note VAT is not levied on tickets for air transportation Croatia: Croatian Civil Aviation Authority (CCAA) Tax (MI) Italy: Passenger Service Charge (MJ) Jamaica: Passenger Facility Charge (JT) Mali: Solidarity Tax (NB) Nepal: Passenger Service Charge (NP) Nepal: Tourism Service Fee (NQ) Finland, France, Germany, Guadeloupe, India, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Japan, Korea (Dem. People s Republic of), Latvia, Macao (SAR) China, Martinique, Mauritania, Mexico, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Reunion, Russia, Rwanda, Seychelles, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Togo, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Viet Nam, Virgin Islands, British 13. Passenger Ticket Box 17 updated Revised fare construction steps Revised fare construction steps NOTE: CTM check continues to apply in the assessment of Circle Trips Revised fare construction steps New application of turnaround normal fare open jaw definition New application of double normal fare open jaw definition 14. Other Documents Guide for non-bsp travel agent Guide for non-bsp travel agent Updated to apply to non-bsp travel agents 15. Endorsements & Ticket Alterations Currency of reissue amended in subparagraph b) Example 1 PAT Guide Taxes Discontinued: Albania: Border Crossing Tax (IX): effective for tickets issued on/ after 01 January 2009 for travel on/after 01 January 2009: tax cancelled Colombia: Promotion of Tourism Tax (JT): effective on/after 18 December 2008: tax withdrawn Taxes/ Fees/ Charges amended for: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Belarus, Brazil, Canada, Central African Republic, Colombia, Congo (Kinshasa), Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Estonia, Fiji, iii 2009 IATA/SITA