Hermit crabs (Crustacea: Paguroidea) in the biological collection of CICIMAR, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico

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1 Vol. 5 (1) Contributions to the Study of East Pacific Crustaceans 2008 Hermit crabs (Crustacea: Paguroidea) in the biological collection of CICIMAR, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico 1 1,2 3 4 Michel E. Hendrickx, Manuel Ayón-Parente, Esteban Felix Pico and Victor G. Vargas López 1 Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de 2 México; Mazatlán, Sinaloa (Corresponding author e mail: michel@ola.icmyl.unam.mx). Postgraduate 3 Program, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnlogía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR-IPN), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, Baja California 4 Sur, México. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur (Student). Area Interdisciplinaria de Ciencias del Mar, Departamento de Biología Marina, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México. ABSTRACT.- The material of hermit crabs (Diogenidae and Paguridae) in the biological collection of CICIMAR, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico, has been reviewed, identified and is reported herein. A total of 10 species (seven Diogenidae and three Paguridae) is included, based on specimens collected along the coast of the Baja California Peninsula. Key words: Hermit crabs, collection, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Palabras clave: cangrejos ermitaños, colección, Baja California Sur, México. Introduction Hermit crabs represent one of the most diverse groups of decapod crustaceans in tropical environment. Their ecological importance is linked to their feeding habits, most being necrophagous or omnivorous (Brusca 1980, Walker 1999). Some species are extraordinary abundant in coastal ecosystems (e.g., rocky beaches, coastal lagoons, mud-flats) and represent a dominant component of the food web. Shallow water and continental platform hermit crabs of the eastern tropical Pacific are relatively well known. Up to date, 63 species have been reported for the area (see Hendrickx & Harvey 1999, Ayón-Parente & Hendrickx 2006, 2007), representing approximately 33% of all know Anomura for this subregion. Many species, however, are still undescribed, particularly in genera that have been poorly studied, and a thorough taxonomic revision is wanting for the entire group, with special attention to small, cryptic species. As part of an extensive project aimed at reviewing the Diogenidae of the East Pacific, specimens of hermit crabs of this family deposited in most biological collections in Mexico have been reviewed recently. As it turned out, many specimens had not yet been identified, or were incorrectly identified to species-level or even to genus-level. The material reported here essentially belongs to one of these two categories. Considering the need to dispose of correctly identified, well curated material in Mexican biological collections, we report on the material of ten species of hermit crabs examined and identified that is currently available in the CICIMAR-IPN collection, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, in La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Material and Methods The hermit crabs contained in the biological collection of the CICIMAR (Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas) of the Instituto Politecnico Nacional, in La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico, were reviewed inapril and May Specimens originated from localities in the Baja California Peninsula and had been collected between 1985 and All specimens were 17

2 Hendrickx, M.E., M. Ayón-Parente, E. Felix Pico & V.G. Vargas López examined and identified to species. Measurements (CL, carapace length; CW, carapace width) were obtained with a digital vernier (to 0.1 mm). Except for specimens difficult to extract from their shell, all specimens were measured and sexed. Unsexed and unmeasured material is indicated by NS and NM, respectively. Catalogue number (CICIMAR followed by voucher number) is also indicated for each lot. Systematic section Diogenidae Ortmann, 1892 Petrochirus californiensis Bouvier, 1895 Material examined '31.42"N, '17.43"W, Baja California Sur, 21/Jul/1988, one specimen (NM) (CICIMAR-90). Remarks.- Dry specimen kept in a display collection. The largest hermit crab of the Pacific coast of Mexico, it ranges from Santa María Bay, west coast of the Baja California Peninsula, and throughout the Gulf of California to Caleta La Cruz, Peru; Galapagos Islands (Hendrickx & Harvey 1999). Clibanarius digueti Bouvier, 1898 Material examined.- El Mogote (24 09'28 N, '37 W), Baja California Sur, 05/Mar/2008, 12 juveniles (NM) (Col. & Id. Víctor Vargas) (CICIMAR-30). Bahía Concepción, Santispac (26 45'57 N, '11 W), Baja California Sur, 18/Jul/1985, 9 HH (CL mm; CW mm) and 18 HH (NS-NM) (CICIMAR-31). Bahía Concepción, Santispac (26 45'57 N, '11 W), Baja California Sur, 18/Jul/1985, 20 M (CL mm; CW mm), 6 H (CL mm; CW mm), and 50 specimens in shell (NS-NM) (CICIMAR-32). La Gallinita, Las Tijeras (24 22'21 N, '21 W), Baja California Sur, 26/May/1986, 1 M (CL 5.5 mm; CW 4.0 mm) and 1 H (NS-NM) (CICIMAR-33). Remarks.- One of the most abundant species of hermit crabs in shallow water and coastal lagoons in the Gulf of California, C. digueti is known from Magdalena Bay, west coast of Baja California, and throughout the Gulf of California, to Guerrero, SW Mexico (Hendrickx & Harvey 1999). Apparently, there is no previous published record for Bahía Concepción or for La Gallinita. Clibanarius lineatus H. Milne Edwards, 1848 Material examined.- Puerto San Carlos, Bahía Magdalena (24 47'27 N, 'W), Baja California Sur, 20/Jan/1989, 2 M (CL mm; CW mm) (CICIMAR-02). El Mogote (24 09'28 N, '37 W), Baja California Sur, 05/Mar/2008, 4 M (CL mm; CW mm) and 2 specimens in shell (NS- NM) (Col. Victor Vargas) (CICIMAR-03). Remarks.- According to Rahayu & Forest (1992:769), Clibanarius panamensis Stimpson, 1859 is a junior synonym of C. lineatus. The original locality of the type material of C. lineatus remained unclear until Rahayu & Forest (1992) noted a statement by De Man (1888a) who, while comparing Clibanarius padavensis De Man, 1988 with other species of the genus, referred to H. Milne Edwards' species as follows: C. lineatus H. Milne Edwards, from the coast of Ecuador, is doubtless a distinct species. H. Milne Edwards (1848) described the color of C. lineatus as... quatre ou cinq bandes rouges séparées par des slignes longitudinales blanches sur la face externe des pattes ambulatoires. Consequently, all records in literature of C. panamensis should be referred to C. lineatus until further studies of fresh material from localities throughout the entire range and this species is reexamined in details. At this point, we cannot discard the possibility that two species related to Clibanarius panamensis / lineatus occur along the coast of the East Pacific, one being the northern form (i.e., C. panamensis) and the other a more southern form (i.e., C. lineatus). By far the largest species of the genus in the eastern tropical Pacific. C. lineatus is currently recognised as a widely distributed species ranging from western Baja California (Bahia Magdalena) to the upper Gulf to Capon, Peru (Hendrickx & Harvey 1999, as C. Panamensis). Isocheles pilosus Holmes, 1900 Material examined.- Boca de la Soledad (24 54'29 N, '19 W), Baja California Sur, 18

3 Hermit crabs in the biological collection of CICIMAR, La Paz, BCS, Mexico 23/Feb/1989, 1 HH (CL8.9 mm; CW 8.6 mm) and 6 juveniles in shell (NS-NM) (CICIMAR-91). Remarks.- Known from Bodega Bay, California, to Estero de Punta Banda, west coast of Baja California (Wicksten 2008). Paguristes sanguinimanus Glassell, 1938 Material examined.- La Tasajera, Bahía Concepción (26 33'02 N, '52 W), Baja California Sur, 14/Jul/1986, free diving, 2 M (CL mm; CW mm) and 2 F (CL mm; CW mm) (CICIMAR-05). La Purisima, Bahía Concepción (26 10'N, 'W) Baja California Sur, 07/Nov/1986, 1 M (CL 11.0 mm; CW 9.8 mm) (CICIMAR-06). Remarks.- Known from Percebu Lagoon to Carmen Island, Baja California, and from Puerto Peñasco (type locality) to Arboleda Point, Sonora (Hendrickx & Harvey 1999). The material examined herein fall within the distribution range of the species. Previous record for Concepción Bay is by Snyder-Conn (1980). Paguristes sp A Material examined.- La Tasajera (26 33' 02 N, '52 W), Bahía Concepción, Baja California Sur, 14/Jul/1986, 1 M (CL 4.1 mm; CW 3.1 mm) (CICIMAR-92). Puerto Alcatraz (24 30'18 N, '47 W), west coast of Baja California Sur, 31/May/1985, 2 HH (CL mm; CW 2.6 mm) (CICIMAR-93). Bajo Bahía Almejas (24 30'48 N, '20 W), Baja California Sur, 23/Sep/1986, 1 HH (CL 4.9 mm; CW 3.6 mm) and 1 M (CL 5.1 mm; CW 3.7 mm) (CICIMAR-94). Remarks.- The material belongs to an undescribed species of Paguristes currently under study. Trizopagurus magnificus (Bouvier, 1898) o Material examined '18.9 N, ' 12.13"W, 11/Sep/1997, Baja California Sur, one specimen (NS-NM) (CICIMAR-36). Remarks.- Widely spread, from Magdalena Bay and the central Gulf of California to northern Peru; Malpelo and Galapagos Islands (Hendrickx & Harvey 1999). Paguridae Latreille, 1803 Pagurus albus Benedict, 1892 Material examined.- La Tasajera (26 33'02 N, '52 W), Bahía Concepción, Baja California Sur, 4 M (CL mm; CW mm) (CICIMAR-15). Remarks.- Known from Percebu Lagoon and Cholla Bay, Gulf of California, to Costa Rica (Hendrickx & Harvey 1999). There is no pre vious record for this species in Bahía Concepción. Pagurus smithi Benedict, 1892 Material examined.- Bahía Almejas (24 31'08 N, '53 W), Baja California Sur, 01/Jul/1985,1 M (NS-NM) (CICIMAR-11). Remarks.- Known from the west coast of Baja California (northernmost record at Isla San Benedicto, and from Roca Consag and Estero Tastiota, Sonora, to La Paz and Mazatlán, in the Gulf of California (Hendrickx & Harvey 1999). There is no previous record for this species in Bahía Almejas. According to Haig (1977), P. smithi and P. spilocarpus are very close, but they can be easily separated by the armature of the chelipeds. In P. smithi the upper face of palm of the chelipeds is covered with numerous flattened plates or tubercles, each of which is surmounted by a small spine; at least 3-4 rows of these tubercles extend on fixed fingers; the dorsomesial margin of palm in the right cheliped is not well delimited. In P. spilocarpus, the upper face of the palm of the right cheliped bears irregular rows of high, conical spines, two median rows of somewhat larger spines forming an inverted V, and a row of enlarged spines extending on fixed finger; the dorsomesial margin features row of enlarged spines. Pagurus cf. spilocarpus Haig, 1977 Material examined.- Bahía Almejas (24 31'08 N, '53 W), Baja California Sur, 01/Jul/1985, 1 H (NS-NM), shrimp trawl 19

4 Hendrickx, M.E., M. Ayón-Parente, E. Felix Pico & V.G. Vargas López (CICIMAR-18). Remarks.- The female specimen examined features an armature and contour of chelipeds similar to those of Pagurus spilocarpus, but minor differences were observed. In our specimen, the antennal peduncles exceed the ocular peduncles by 1 / 3 the length of the ultimate segment; the antennal acicles slightly pass the basis of cornea, in lieu of 2 exceeding ocular peduncles by ½ to / 3 the length of the ultimate segment; and the antennal acicles are as long as, or a little shorter than ocular peduncles. Sternite of third periopods is rectangular, bearing a rounded lobule posterioritly with tufts of long setae, instead of a somewhat rounded sternite in the original description of P. spilocarpus. Although in the original description of Pagurus spilocarpus Haig (1977: 654) the telson is with... both terminal and both lateral margins with narrow, close-set, strong spines..., the illustration of the paratype (650, Fig. 2g) clearly indicates that strong spines and small spines are interspaced, as in the case of our specimen. Pagurus spilocarpus was described for Southern California and Western Baja California (Bahía Todos Santos to Punta Abreojos) by Haig (1977). If confirmed, present record would represent a slight range extension to the south (from Punta Abreojos, 26 41'N, 'W, to Bahía Almejas, 24 31'08 N, '53 W), still within the normal geographic range of warm-temperate Californian species. Although depth of capture of our specimen was not recorded, the depth range covered by shrimpers off Baja California (generally ca m) would also fit with depth range of P. spilocarpus (between 9 and 46 m). Variations observed herein could probably be attributed to an intraspecific variation of characters. Acknowledgements We thank the enterprise Paraiso del Mar Protección y Prevención al Desequilibrio Ambiental y Monitoreo del Desempeño Ambiental de la Ensenada de La Paz (Aripez) for their economical support in the achievement of this project, and Mercedes Cordero for the final edition of this manuscript. Resumen Los especimenes de cangrejos ermitaños (Diogenidae y Paguridae) de la colección biológica del CICIMAR, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México, han sido revisados, identificados y los resultados de esta revisión se presentan en esta nota. En total se menciona la presencia de 10 especies (siete Diogenidae y tres Paguridae) en la colección. Todos los registros se refieren a material recolectado a lo largo de la costa de la península de Baja California. Literature cited Ayón-Parente, M., & M.E. Hendrickx A new species of Stratiotes Rahayu, 2005 (Anomura: Paguroidea: Diogenidae) from the eastern tropical Pacific. Zoosystema 28 (2): , & A new species of Paguristes Dana, 1851 (Anomura, Paguroidea, Diogenidae) from the Mexican Pacific. Zootaxa 1470: Brusca, R.C Common intertidal invertebrates of the Gulf of California. University ofarizona Press, Tucson. 513 pp. Haig, J Description of a new hermit crab (Family Paguridae) from Southern California and Mexico. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 90(3): Hendrickx, M.E., & A.W. Harvey Checklist of anomuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Eastern Tropical Pacific. Belgian Journal of Zoology. 129 (2): Man J.G. De 1888a. Report on the podophthalmous Crustacea of the Mergui Archipelago, collected for the Trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcuta, by Dr. John Anderson, F. R. S., Superintendent of the Museum. Journal of the Linnean Society, London (Zool.) 22: Milne Edwards, H Note sur quelques nouvelles espèces du genre Pagure. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, série 3, 10 : Rahayu, D.L., & J. Forest Le genre 20

5 Hermit crabs in the biological collection of CICIMAR, La Paz, BCS, Mexico Clibanarius (Crustacea, Decapoda, Diogenidae) en Indonésie, avec la description de six espèces nouvelles. Bulletin du Muséum d'histoire Naturelle, Paris 4 (14)A: Snyder-Conn, E Arthropoda Crustacea Pa- guroidea and Coenobitoidea (hermit crabs). Pp in: R.C. Brusca (ed.). Common Intertidal Invertebrates of the Gulf of California University of Arizona Press, 513 pp. Walker, S.E Ecological importance of terrestrial hermit crabs in the Galapagos Islands. Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement in Science, Pacific Division 18 (1): 86. Wicksten, M.K Decapod Crustacea of the Californian and Oregonian zoogeographic provinces. lib /26 (consulted April 2008). Hendrickx, M.E., M. Ayón-Parente, E. Felix Pico & V.G. Vargas López Hermit crabs (Crustacea: Paguroidea) in the biological collection of CICIMAR, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Pp , in: M.E. Hendrickx (ed.). Contributions to the Study of East Pacific Crustaceans 5 (1). [Contribuciones al Estudio de los Crustáceos del Pacífico Este 5 (1)]. Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, UNAM. 93 pp. 21