Chitradurga Fort, Chitradurga

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1 Chitradurga Fort, Chitradurga Chitradurga is situated at a distance of 190 km from Bangalore on Bangalore Pune National Highway. The place grew into an important corridor of transit during the late medieval period as attested by many inscriptions of Chalukyas, Hoyasalas and Vijayanagara period. It is locally known as Elu Sutina Kote meaning seven circled walled fort. The fort gained prominence during the Vijayanagara Empire. On the fall of the Empire, Chitradurga declared its independence and ruled effectively by local rulers from AD 1568 to The architectural rendering of the fortification is known for its massive walls encircling the palace with majestic guarded gateways, magazines, water storage tanks, bastions at regular intervals etc. Chitradurga the range of Rs Improvement to the area around the fort by clearing modern structures. 2. A good approach through well laid road from the Highway to the fort. 3. Revival of water bodies and forestation at Chitradurga. 41

2 Sravanabelgola, Hassan Hassan This site is comprised of three distinct units - namely, a small town called Sravanabelgola situated in between two rocky hills viz. Chandragiri (Chikkalbetta) and Vindhyagiri (Doddabetta). The place was sanctified by the visit of Bhadhrabahu, a Jaina ascetic (Srutakebalin) along with the Mauryan Emperor Chandragupta and a large entourage of ascetics and pilgrims around the 3rd century BC. After the 7th century AD, the place came under the patronage of various ruling families and gradually grew into a great Digambara Jaina centre. the range of Rs Restoring the base of the hills i.e. both Chandragiri and Vindhyagiri by rehabilitating all modern occupants. 2. Reviving ancient tanks and forests. 42

3 Sangeet Nari Mahal, Navraspur,Bijapur Navraspur (Bijapur) This is one of the most important visible representations of Adilshahi architecture in the region. This 16th century monument is located 3 km away from Bijapur town. It comprises of remains of a palace building and a pond enclosed by a high wall. the range of Rs Structural repairs. 2. Approach road. 3. Tourism amenities. 4. Landscaping. 43

4 Gol Gumbaz, Bijapur Bijapur the range of Rs Structural repairs. 2. Tourist amenities. 3. Refurbishing of gardens. Gol Gumbaz was built in AD 1626 by Mohammad Adil Shah. It is well known for its whispering gallery. The dome of the tomb is second largest in the world and the monument is visited by a large number of tourists. Built on a high platform, the complex also accommodates a mosque to the west of the tomb. The eastern entrance has been converted into a site museum. The tomb is situated amidst a huge garden. 44

5 Temples at Halebidu, Hassan The ascent of Vishnuvardhana (AD ) to the Hoysala throne formed a glorious phase in the political and cultural history of the Hoysala dynasty. During his regime and that of his successors, different cults like Hinduism and Jainism co-existed with utmost religious harmony well attested by at least half a dozen religious edifices in the form of temples and basadis built in the capital city. They include the Hoysalesvara and Kedaresvara temples and the basadis of Adinatha, Parsvanatha and Shantinatha. The temples of Halebidu are famous for their exquisite sculptures. The intricate designs on the stone create an illusion of lathe turned carvings. Hassan the range of Rs Structural repairs. 2. Tourist amenities. 3. Refurbishing of gardens. 45

6 Ali Rauza, Bijapur Bijapur the range of Rs This modest edifice is the earliest royal Mausoleum in Bijapur (AD ). Ali I constructed his own tomb in the fields of the southwest quarter of the city. The tomb is a low, almost square structure. Each of its four walls is being pierced by five arches. In the inner chamber, there are four graves two of adults, a male and a female and two of children. The exterior walls of this chamber are painted. Over the northern doorway, there are painted inscriptions pertaining to the Shiah profession of the faith. The throne verse contains the words Allah and Muhammad his apostle. 46

7 Gulburga Fort, Gulburga Gulburga The fort at Gulburga was originally built by Raja Gulchand and later strengthened by Ala-ud-din Bahmani. It contains 15 bastions and 26 guns, one of which is 25 ft. long. The 16 m thick walls of the fort are frequently punctuated by semi-circular bastions and surrounded by a 30 m wide moat. The principal gateways on the east and the west sides consist of pointed arched openings flanked by bastions, approached by bridges across the moat. A mosque, inside the fort, was built by Rafi, the son of Shams from Iran in AD the range of Rs

8 Bidar Fort, Bidar Bidar the range of Rs. 1-2 Crores for following Bidar Fort was constructed in AD by Sultan Ahmad Shah. It was considered one of the most formidable forts of India. Engineers and architects of various countries were employed for its design and construction. Built of large blocks of black stone, this impressive fort stands out in striking contrast to the rich red terrain of the area. It is surrounded by a 5.5 km long defense wall, some features of which were destroyed in the invasion of AD 1452, and rebuilt during the period of Shamsuddin Muhammad III. Following the introduction of gun powder, extensive improvements including mounting of guns, were made by Ali Barid Shah. One of the huge guns here is 4.72 m. long and 63.5 cm. across the muzzle and has cm bore. The Solah Khamba mosque, the Mahals (Palaces), secular structures, baths, kitchens and pleasure pavilions are notable structures inside the fort. 48

9 Group of Monuments, Badami Badami The group of eight temples at Badami is situated on the eastern margin of a lake. The main temple is a composite work of different periods. Its closed hall and the shrine are of the earliest period, while it s outer open hall was constructed much later. Within the shrine is placed a linga of a later period. The temple has been left unfinished. The older parts of the temple date from the ninth century AD. Besides this temple there are seven other shrines having regional architectural beauties. On the northern side, a later shrine abuts the temple wall which has images of Ganesa and Mahishasurmardini. Gajalakshmi is seen on the door lintel and there are dvarpalas on either side of the shrine door. the range of Rs

10 Pancha Basadi, Govindanahalli Govindanahalli the range of Rs Govindanahalli once formed a part of Gangavadi under the Gangas of Talkad. Later it came under the Chola rule. The Hoysalas annexed the Chola territory and ruled Govindanahalli between the 12 th and 13 th centuries AD. The Panchalingesvara temple is a good specimen of the Hoysala style. The temple has five garbha-grihas in north-south orientation and faces east. It is the only extant specimen of Hoysala temple having quintuple plan. They have a separate sukanasi and navaranga in the same orientation. All are connected to a long pillared hall at the eastern side of the structure. There are two entrance doorways opposite the second and third garbha-grihas respectively with a porch for each. The wall is modestly decorated with pilaster turrets, each having sculptural representations of the Bhagavata and epics. The navaranga has seventeen niches, some of them having beautiful sculptures of the Hoysala art. The famous Hoysala sculptor, Mallitamma is said to have carved two dvarapala figures here. On stylistic grounds, the temple can be dated around AD

11 Laxmi Narasimha Temple, Marehalli Marehalli Marehalli was an old agrahara during the time of Gangas. It was known as Rajasraya Vinnagaram during the time of Rajaraja I (AD ) of the Chola dynasty. With the victory of the Hoysalas over Cholas at Talkad, this area passed on to them and was subsequently ruled by Vijayanagara rulers, Wodeyars of Mysore, Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan. The temple, built during the reign of Rajaraja Chola has a garbha-griha, antarala and a mukha-mandapa, all enclosed by a pillared prakara. In the sanctum, an image of Lakshminarasimha is enshrined. The temple was renovated and restored during the Hoysala and Vijayanagara periods. The shrine has an imposing mahadvara of typical Vijayanagara style. Another small Siva shrine is located to the northeast of the complex. the range of Rs

12 Group of Monuments, Srirangapatna Srirangapatna the range of Rs Srirangapatna or the abode of Sri Ranganatha has a chequered history. During the time of Hoysalas, a small town flourished here. A fort was built here in AD 1454 by the local Nagamangala chief Timmana Dandanayaka. During the Vijayanagara rule, it was directly ruled by Vijayanagara viceroys. Mysore Wodeyars took possession of this place during the reign of Raja Wodeyar, which ultimately became the capital of Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan till it was captured by the British in AD The Summer Palace of Tipu Sultan is constructed mostly of teak wood in Indo Islamic style. This building was built outside the Srirangapatna fort, on the bank of Kaveri River in AD Wooden pillared corridors run along its four sides. The eastern and western wings have walls, while the other two wings have recessed bays with pillars supporting the roof of the upper storey. The most striking feature of the building is the artistically painted walls, ceilings, pillars, canopies and arches. The outer walls depict battle scenes and portrait paintings, while the interior walls are decorated with scrolls of thin foliage and floral patterns. 52

13 Nambinarayana Temple, Tonnur Located on the southern slopes of a small hillock locally called Yadugiri, Tonnur was a provincial capital of the Hoysalas. According to the tradition, the Vaishnava saint Sri Ramanuja stayed here for several years. The Nambinarayana temple belongs to the 12 th century AD. The temple has a garbha-griha, a sukanasi, a navaranga and a mukha-mandapa. The temple has simple adhisthana mouldings with austere walls having single pilasters. Devakoshthas are found at the cardinal directions of garbha-griha. The superstructure is a dvitala dravida vimana with kuta, sala and panjara in the hara. The short griva is surmounted by a stupi and finial. The prastara is conspicuous by its absence. The 1.82 m high image of Narayana, standing on a Garuda pedestal under a padma ceiling is a fine specimen of Hoysala workmanship. The navaranga has well polished soapstone pillars with exquisite floral designs. Tonnur the range of Rs