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3 Dear guests and partners! Please allow me, via the Tourism and Recreation Magazine, to invite you to visit Bulgaria. I am sure that our country will fascinate and surprise you. It is difficult in a few words to present the diversity that Bulgaria has to offer. Here there are opportunities to develop almost all types of tourism: balneology, SPA and wellness, cognitive, eco, rural, adventure, golf, gourmet, wine, pilgrimage, congress tourism, to mention but a few. Of course, sea and ski tourism are among the most famous and sought after by millions of tourists from Western and Central Europe. This wealth is becoming more popular and Bulgaria is establishing as a preferred destination. The efforts of our government are also conductive, because tourism is a national priority and our main goal is every guest to feel well and to decide to come back to our country. Thanks to these efforts Bulgaria achieved record-breaking results in For the first nine months of the year we welcomed nearly 7 million foreign tourists. During the high summer season we recorded an increase in the number of guests from almost all major markets: Germany an increase of 33 percent, Romania 15 percent, Russia 22 percent, Poland 38 percent, Ukraine 10, the UK 10 percent, Czech Republic 38 percent, France 19 percent, Israel 16 percent, Austria 20 percent, Netherlands 34, Belgium 15 percent and more. This summer marked the return of visitors from Russia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, the Ukraine, Scandinavia, France, Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Austria that have traditionally been visiting Bulgaria. We already started active preparation for the winter season, when we also expect the positive trend to continue. This is because Bulgaria is emerging as one of the most popular destinations for skiing in the region, and annually hosts a number of international events. Last winter we welcomed over 1.2 million foreign nationals for the period from December 2015 to March 2016 inclusive, and the growth compared to the same period of the previous year was nearly 5 percent. We succeeded in attracting higher number of tourists from several leading markets: the UK 7 percent increase, Israel 19 percent, the Czech Republic 39 percent, Hungary 34 percent and more. I am convinced that next season will build on these results. Whenever you decide to visit our country, you should afford some time to get to know the ancient history kept in our lands. Over 40 thousand cultural monuments and artifacts were unearthed in the territory of modern Bulgaria, which ranks our country third in Europe in this wealth. Over 7 million are the movable cultural landmarks. Homer had serenaded life, culture and winemaking mastery of the Thracians who inhabited the Bulgarian lands. Thracian gold and silver treasures fascinate with beauty and perfection. The world knows about the exploits of the Thracian gladiator Spartacus, about Thracian singer and poet Orpheus, who charmed the whole of nature with his talent, about the uniqueness of The Mystery of Bulgarian Voices. Much more is the magic that our country can offer its guests. In conclusion, I would like to emphasize that tourism is not contained only in numbers and business initiatives. Bulgarians are very hospitable nation that will amaze you with their authentic folklore and preserved ethno-traditions. The food and beverages that we make and serve are also unique. All together with the natural heritage of the past, they create that matchless atmosphere that attracts travellers again and again. Join them and discover the magic of Bulgaria. We are expecting you! NIKOLINA ANGELKOVA Minister of Tourism of the Republic of Bulgaria

4 Nikolina Angelkova, Minister of Tourism of the Republic of Bulgaria The Beaches along the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast Luxury, emotions and breathtaking views in SUNNY BEACH Bulgarian Black sea coast summer paradise and a winter wonderland Nessebar bulgarian Ravenna The city of dreams Burgas Sozopol in a rating together with Rome and Paris Sozopol Town Of Worship Airbnb era - the impact of a travel giant Sofia imposes an identity of a modern european city The Largo of the Bulgarian capital, the ancient road of Europe Zemen monastery famous and unknown Bulgarian mountains filter for spiritual and physical health Bulgarian mineral waters World winemakers share their expertise with Bulgaria The national historical and archaeological reserve Veliki Preslav The tsar s tomb of Sveshtari on UNESCO world heritage list Boyana church, a sacred peal of Sofia mount Athos Partners You can trust in 4 Т & O

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6 The Beaches along the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast 6 Т & O

7 The Bulgarian Black Sea Coast stretches from Cape Sivriburun in the north, to the Rezovskza River in the south. It is about 378 km long and 30 to 50 km wide. The straight-line distance is only 199 km. It is up to us how we will travel over it on a motor bike, cycling, by car or by waterway; how much time we will have for rest and how we will rest. There are possibilities for everybody for those who want comfort, as well for wild camping fans. A characteristic feature of the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast is the existence of a number of beaches. They occupy about 34 % of the Bulgarian coast. The longest one is the Kamchia-Shkorpilovtsi beach, which is 12 km long. Some of the longer beaches are Varna and Balchik, and those between Burgas and Cape Emine. Some of the more popular beaches are Rusalka, Albena, Golden Sands; the beaches of Varna, Obzor, Sunny Beach, Nesebar, Pomorie, Kavatsite, Kiten and others. Sand dunes up to 6-8 m high have been formed on some of the beaches. Unlike the uncontrolled building of hotels to the south, the north-most parts of the Bulgarian seacoast are still wild. It is still possible to discover nearly empty beaches or rocky coves just for you. To the south of Cape Sivriburun, which marks the border with Romania, there is a 3 km long beach. The next one is Durankulak with two campsites Durankulak and Cosmos. What should not be missed here is the Big Island. It is the first palaeo-historical museum in the open in Bulgaria, located 2 km southeast of Durankulak, in the western part of the lake of the same name. This place is not only of national, but also of international importance. The largest necropolis dating from prehistoric times has been found there, as well as the oldest stone architecture on the Old Continent and the first processed gold in the world. Lovers of peace and quiet and romantic experiences can stop at Krapets a small fishing village at the Black Sea, only 10 km Shabla is not located directly on the seashore, but is known for its lighthouse, which is the oldest operating one on the Balkan Peninsula. In the past, Shabla was the territory of an ancient Thracian village, later a Roman town called Karia. In the sea round the town there are a number of sunken vessels and submarines dating from the Second World War. This makes Shabla preferable for underwater tourism. The area is a favourable place for ornithologists, too. About 2 km southeast of Lake Shabla (Shablensko ezero) is Shablenska Tuzla, which is a half-salt coastal lake, separated from the sea by tall dunes, known for its healing sea mud. The seacoast here is unique land area that is not built up on, the sea is clean and nice, the seabed is soft and sandy. The beach is located at about 3 km east of Shabla, in proximity of Dobrudzha Campsite. A little further downwards is Tyulenovo a picturesque village north of Shabla and 90 km from Varna. Krepets is a peaceful nook, known for its sand dunes and birds that nest and spend the winter around it. The village is on the sea coast. The locals are happy, friendly and hospitable people. Some popular beaches, located on the 6-kilometre beach strip between Krapets and Durankulak, are in proximity, too. Here are also some of the few virgin dunes along the Black Sea a peaceful and quiet sea with a soft sandy seabed. The beach of the village of Ezrets is near Shabla. It can be reached by a 3 km long dirt road. The beach, which is clean and relatively empty, is about 3500 m long. About 2 km north of Krapets is the Karvuna beach sparsely populated, unguarded and quite large. known for its rocky shore. What is to be remembered most here is the red-tinted coast, which is steep and suitable for rock climbing, while the unique caves are a real pleasure for every diver. The transparent and clear water also gives a possibility for fishing. The National Archaeological Reserve Yailata is 18 km from Kavarna, near the village of Kamen Bryag. Its territory is a vast terrace elevating m above the land, full of steep and stone terrains and huge abysses. 101 caves have been discovered in the area, which were used for dwellings as far back as 5 thousand years B.C. Three necropolises altogether have been unearthed here. Taukliman Nature Reserve, which is also known by the name of Bird Bay, is situated 60 km from Varna and 15 km from Kavarna. The holiday village of Rusalka is in this place, too. The area is abundant in tiny beaches, small rocky isles and tall rocky caves. The salt-water Lake Tuzlata is quite near. Т & O 7

8 Six kilometres from Kavarna you can visit the St. Ekaterina Monastery of Bulgarevo, which is situated in the village of Bulgarevo. The Bolata beach is between Bulgarevo and Cape This is enough for the lovers of wild nature. The next to follow is Balchik, with the famous Palace, the Botanical Gardens and a number of other landmarks for those who have missed them. The beach in Albena Resort Complex is among the best ones on the northern Black Sea Coast. There are a number of restaurants on the beach, as well as good conditions for water sports, children s corners and other amenities. The beach between Albena and Kranevo is called Baltata. It can be reached by car on the coastal road from Albena. It is known as a nude beach. Then the Vanilla Beach in the holiday village of Kranevo follows. The spacious and attractive beach is located near the resorts of Golden Sands and Albena; it is about 25 km northeast of Varna. Kaliakra. It is a part of a reserve of the same name with one of the large migration routes of birds from all over Europe passing above it, Via Pontica. The Bolata beach is also popular as a good place for diving. The Archaeological and Nature Reserve Kaliakra is situated on Cape Kaliakra, about 12 km from Kavarna. The ruins of a Thracian fortress wall and baths from the 4 th century B. C. are located in the reserve. Cape Kaliakra protrudes 2 km into the sea. Its vertical rocks, descending 70 m down to the water, are particularly beautiful. continued on page 8 8 Т & O

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10 continued from page 6 Next to Golden Sands is the Panorama beach, which is popular among the sunbathing naturists. The only nude bar in the country is on Panorama. There are good conditions for camping in caravans and tents. Kabakum is a big and beautiful beach located in the territory of the Chaika resort, between the Sunny Day resort and the Riviera holiday club. The Kabakum beach is relatively crowded, but it is still not as visited as the beaches of the nearby resorts of Constantine and Elena, Golden Sands, Sunny Day (Kokodiva) and Riviera. The Trakata beach is near Varna. It is sparsely populated and for this reason, very clean. There is an easy access to it. The water is shallow but the seabed is strewn with stones. There are several beaches in Varna. The Officers beach is just below a restaurant in the Sea Garden. The sand strip is wide and spacious, and the sand is fine and golden. The most popular Varna beach is Rapongi. It offers a number of restaurants and bars directly on the beach. There are a lot of possibilities for water sports. It has volleyball nets and conditions for beach football; the Fichoza beach is 2-3 km south of Galata Quarter in Varna. It is located in a woodland area called Fichoza and is 1 km long. A part of the beach is stony and covered with shells. It is also used by nudists. Galata is a clean and nice beach, but is strewn with rocks. It is not very populated and because of this nudists can be seen there. About 15 km south of Varna is the Pasha Dere beach. A part of the longest sand strip along the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast is the Kamchia Sands beach, which is located in the protected area of the same name. The beach starts from the mouth of the Kamchia River in the north and runs in the middle of the strip between the Shkorpilovtsi and Kamchia beaches. It is unique for its pristine sand dunes, some of them stretching for over 100 m to the land, as well as for its unspoilt nature. The village of Shkorpilovtsi is about 42 km south of Varna and 30 km north of Byala. Its sand strip is 13 km long and 100 m wide. This is the longest and widest beach on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. It is equally attractive for guests of some of the hotels and guest houses, as well as for lovers of camping tourism. The area is ecologically clean. The Byala beach is located in the town of the same name and it is a beautiful, long and wide strip of sand. The sea water is crystal clean and wonderful for bathing. Obzor and Irakli should not be neglected either. The north is for the lovers of peace and quiet, of the nearly empty beaches, but also of luxury restaurants. On the other hand, the south is for the admirers of beer and fried sprat, of lively pubs and fishing, and of the coast, all in green. Pomorie is a resort preferred for its healing mud. Vlas, Sunny Beach, Nesebar and Ravda have nearly merged. The beaches are wonderful, but overcrowded. If you really want to escape from the temptations of modern civilisation, the best thing to do is continue southward, pass by the resort towns of Burgas, Chernomorets and Sozopol, which have been transformed beyond recognition by uncontrolled construction, and head to the south-most regions of our Black Sea Coast. A little before reaching Primorsko, concrete gradually starts to give way to greenery. Shady forests and slopes of Strandzha descend gracefully to some of the most beautiful beaches of the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. The combination of sea and mountain is unique. At the height of summer, the coastal villages and towns of Tsarevo, Varvara, Ahtopol and Sinemorets are filled with tourists. Sinemorets is a splendid holiday resort with some of the best beaches along the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. Here the beaches are cosier and surrounded by jagged rocks and fresh green forests. The sand is white and exceptionally clean, the sea water is pleasantly warm and clean. The boat trips organised along the course of the Ropotamo and Veleka Rivers are an attraction for holiday makers and the river mouth is a favourite place for fishing. The last beach before reaching the Bulgarian border with Turkey is Silistar, 5 km from Sinemorets. This is the most beautiful and still wild and clean bay along the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast, nestling in the forest, peaceful and quiet, and covered with golden sand. Further down to the border the coast is rocky and empty. At Rezovo, The Rezovska River divides the Bulgarian and the Turkish coast. The place is suitable for rest for people who like small and rocky beaches, and is preferred by romanticists. The temperature of air and sea water in the south is usually about 2 degrees higher than that on the Northern Black Sea Coast. The probability for rainfall in the south is smaller, which makes difference when you only have a few days for rest at the sea. Whether you will choose the wild north or the warm south for rest depends on your personal preferences. One thing is certain wherever you go, you will spend an unforgettable holiday with a lot of sunshine, sea waves and freedom. 10 Т & O

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13 Breathtaking views, top class service and impressive variety of entertainment it is no chance that Sunny Beach is famous for being so attractive for tourists. The largest Bulgarian resort is known for the unique combination of sea and mountain, and calm bay with 1700 hours of sunshine from May to October. Sunny Beach is situated at 30 km from Burgas Airport. In its southern part it borders on the unique town of Nessebar a UNESCO World Heritage Site and in the north it reaches the slopes of the Stara Planina Mountains (the Balkan Range). There are over 200 hotels modern complexes with top class service, numerous restaurants and culinary specialities from all over the world, bars offering exotic drinks, discos, and, of course, sports centres, indoor and outdoor swimming pools, spa centres and green parks. Accommodation is often all inclusive you receive the best at the most attractive prices. The Bulgarian-style restaurants recreate the unique Bulgarian historical traditions and offer national specialities, as well as dishes from the European and the Asian cuisine. Boredom is unknown here. There are over 100 amusement facilities, with the biggest waterpark Aqua Park on the Balkan Peninsula among them. Hundreds of shops offer shopping attractions. There are uncountable possibilities for land, air and water sports activities. Children can gave the most unforgettable memories aqua parks with water slides and swimming pools, children s and youth clubs offering unbelievable attractions, entertainment programmes and special animation. Safety is guaranteed by over 250 CCTVs and over 250 policemen. A Blue Zone for parking and a traffic schedule for movement of vehicles on the lanes provide peace and quiet. The resort manager, Sunny Beach AD, makes no compromise on cleanliness. Environmentally friendly transport mini trains, carriages, taxis, bicycles and rickshaws on hire allow fast movement around the resort. The land and sea transport connections with the neighbouring towns and resorts are convenient and regular. Excursions on land, sea and air, and interesting itineraries to different monuments of the Bulgarian culture are organised for tourists. It is wonderful to be on the beach. Lying on the sand is a favourite pastime in Sunny Beach. The beach is about 10 km long and m wide. It is covered with fine yellow sand and in its western part there are dunes stretching over 86 hectares of land, which are a national reserve. The sandcovered seabed is with gradual slope and without unexpected depths. The nights are fantastic modern clubs and discos guarantee your party from dusk till dawn. After the nightlife emotions near the beach the most romantic sunrise comes. Do not think more! Make a reservation right now and when the summer comes, pack your suitcases and head for the sunniest place near the most azure blue sea. Т & O 13

14 Bulgarian Black sea coast summer paradise and a winter wonderland High banks, shoals of dolphins... Caves with seals Green forests, sandy beaches... Mineral springs in picturesque bays... Swans and icebergs... Rivers flowing into the sea... These are the landscapes from Shabla to Rezovo. The combination of natural resources and attractions washes the signs of stress, restores joy, temps health and character. Relaxing in the swimming pool on the beach under the sun and the falling snow is only part of the grace of Bulgaria. The beauties of the north start at Kaliakra By day the waves caress the high-rising cape, at night they roar in its foot... For centuries the sea under the fortress whispers about the 40 girls that braided their hair and jumped into its depths to the fate of slavery... Killer ring with a camera with poison was found in the necropolis... Deceit to power or deep reserve of honour the answer is still to come... Once inaccessible, today Kaliakra is a destination with a museum, chapels, a lighthouse, restaurant, frequented by thousands of tourists when they not at the beach in the vicinity or are in the beautiful Rusalka, naturally embedded in the beach. Baths tubes in the rocks and pools echo with the noise of sea and mineral waters, in front of them are the dolphins. Coastal restaurants offer fresh snails, and clams from organic farms. Nearby is the the town of Kavarna, the stage of world rock groups, seals are diving from the cliffs. Luxury hotels and golf courses designed by world samples reach the Balchishka Tuzla, an oasis of curative mud, sea and sun. Arranged in tiers, Balchik overlooks the sea. From the floating restaurants and gondolas, the pier leads to the Palace of Queen Maria and the Botanical Garden with over 3,000 plant species. Notable among them are the meta-redwood tree, contemporary of the dinosaurs, and the second largest in the world collection of giant cacti. Colourful paths, waterfalls, and pools that shelter swans are the most romantic places in the North. Mystery, mysticism, and grandeur radiates from Aladzha Monastery, a centre of the clergy and part of the national ensemble of rock monasteries, hewn in the 13th century. Among deciduous forests shines the azure ALbena. Its hotels are standing in the warm sand. Because of the climate of sea, mountain and mineral water, the Thracians dubbed it Spring Valley, and the Romans Health. The policy of the resort is aimed at protecting environment and health. Albena melts psycho-physical stress away. It is preferred by tourists from Germany, Great Britain and Romania. A 10-minute walk on the beach or a horse ride will lead you to Kranevo. The Country the town avails all attractions, including a Ferris wheel, and movie. From there one can make a short drive to the luxurious Golden Sands. The complex is the largest in terms of number of beds in the North Coast. Hotels there, alike in Albena, are mostly operating as all-inclusive, and sports facilities and attractions are traditional. Famous wine cellar of Bulgarian monarchs warms the dinner under the stars. Resembling French Renaissance palaces, 14 Т & O

15 Evksinograd boasts imperial interior of wall and chimney watches with gold inlays, stylish furniture, and a unique art gallery. A whole of 800 decares of park where black oak and Atlantic cedar single examples on the Balkan Peninsula, are growing in the paradise, not accidentally built here: 7 curative mineral springs are gushing from the coast of the next-door St Constantine and Elena resort. The climate is among the healthiest in Europe, it strengthens the immune system and reduces stress. The mineral waters with temperature of 40⁰ 60⁰ C treat disorders of the cardiovascular, endocrine, respiratory, and nervous systems. Arranged in tiers, the complex does not allow noise to enter into the hotel rooms. Jeep safari, sailing, thermal pools on the beach, SPA, and massage keep the mood. Varna is a convenient location nearby. Aquarium, Planetarium, Dolphinarium, the only preserved torpedo ship from the 20th century all these part of the symbols of the city. Fanagoria Ethno-complex offers re-enactment of the life in an ancient Bulgar battle camp from the 6th 8th centuries, equestrian spectacle, and archery contests. Museum of socialism is a hit. Varna Carting is the biggest track in Bulgaria. Parachuting, paragliding, bungee jumping, balloon flights are emotions offered in the marine capital. Twelve kilometers of golden beach divides the aristocratic North of the temperamental South. The cultivated atmosphere of Shkorpilovci is suitable for privacy. The sea is crystal clear, nature is pristine. Traces of a cosmic cataclysm that had destroyed the dinosaurs 65 billion years ago are kept by the White Rocks near the town of Byala, combining the luxury of civilization with the adventure of wildlife. From Obzor southwards nature thrives, free and bizarre, air and water temperature jump with 2⁰ 3⁰ C. There is an abundance of new family accommodation establishments, holiday houses, seaside restaurants. By the fearsome Cape Emine, bypassed by seafarers for centuries, shines St Vlas, the Т & O 15

16 diamond of the South Coast. Proclaimed a town in 2006, today is has developed into a modern resort. The healing climate is conditioned by centuries-old mixed forests and sea breeze. Hotels and restaurants are new. The coast abounds in casinos and restaurants. The gilded domes of the newly-built church shine from afar. A divine path with 12 chapels goes to the hill top. For their morning jogging, worship or just for a walk Russians, Bulgarians, Germans climb the hill. The Amphitheatre hosts cultural events. An Aqua Park, pirate ships, over 300 yachts are great attractions for the tourists. Sunny Beach, the hot heart of the South Coast, is colossal in its panoramic crescent-shaped gulf. It is close to Burgas mineral baths and Pomorie Lake with an ecosystem of over 270 species of birds and curative mud deposits, invaluable to the human body. The natural hospital of Pomorie treats difficult disorders, and the miracle-making icon of the Savior in the Transfiguration Church cries with his tears. Isolated from the noise of crowded resorts, Ravda is the best choice for a family holidays. With pastoral and relaxed atmosphere, small Ravda is close to the big city of Burgas, modern centre of the South, popular for its sunny people, Marine Garden, the largest in the Balkans collection of anchors and stocks. Burgas is the hometown of generations of Bulgarian poets, musicians, and artists, a fact that adds to its romantic atmosphere. Deposits of lye, curative mud and mineral springs are used for treatment of disorders of the musculoskeletal system, skin and nervous diseases, to improve metabolic functions, to heal wounds, to beautify and rejuvenate. Sailing along the rivers Kamchia and Ropotamo is a great attraction for tourists. Among dense forests, voiced by their natural inhabitants rises the rock phenomenon Lion s Head. The Snake Island is a stop of the birds flying from Africa and a nesting site of rare marine species among a forest of cacti. Sozopol is a symbiosis of ages. Because of 16 Т & O

17 its unique appearance, historical artifacts from ancient civilizations and contemporary cultural festivals, ancient Apollonia is the most tangible breath of the sea, romance and culture, a favorite spot of the intellectual elite. The atmosphere of the town is hard to describe, but easy to inhale. Between the island of St Kirik and Julita and the island of St Yoan, at a depth of m underwater there is an apocalyptic tree forest. The cedar wood, fossilized in geological cataclysm is 70 million years old, preserved thanks to the low oxygen content in marine waters. The Black Sea is the environment of naturally preserved ships, treasures and wonders: underwater chapel at 7 meters depth welcomes newly-wed anyo baptizes children. The image of the saint is of brass, while the altar is of stone. A cross, a candlestick and burning chemical candles complement the Church of St Nicholas near Primorsko. With its youthful spirit, modern hotel facilities, and sports complexes, the town is charming also with its proximity to Cape Maslen and Begliktash. The Thracian City of Secrets is carved in the rocks. It had sealed the giant footsteps of Mother Goddess and the God of the Sun. Kiten, a colourful bouquet, spreads on a peninsula, near the mouths of the rivers Dyavolska and Kitenska. It is a charming sport for families and friends with hospitable hotels, warm gulf and crystal waters. Diving, swimming, surfing, laughing, riding, fishing in the azure bays of Lozenets are part of the atmosphere of ease and nonchalance in the town, wrapped in flowers and vines. A Thracian goddess welcomes the guests to Tsarevo. The bronze parton of the town, and its beacon, is 22 meters high and 3,3 tons heavy, and provides divine control over mooring ships. Over peninsula, wading into the turquoise sea, under the shade of Strandzha forests, to the clear waters of the river Veleka is Ahtopol, ancient marine town, today a popular resort, a jewel in the crown of coastal towns. Like pearls of a necklace the sunniest places are scattered southwards: Varvara, paradise of divers with its natural beauty of underwater reefs and caves, the village of Kosti, famous for its nestinarski dances on live ambers, the crystal Sinemorets with the blue waters of the bay near Silistar, elution of fatigue, concern and bitterness. Jeep safari in the Strandzha Mountains, canoeing on the river Veleka, hunting and fishing in rivers and the sea are among pleasures offered at the southeastern part of the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. Lovely hotels and villas, deserted golden beaches and freedom of spirit, this scenic picture is Rezovo. The millennial history of the town and its legendary king Rhesus are mentioned in Homer s Iliad. The inaccessible shores of the river Rezvoya with the oak forests near its mouth are the limits of divine Bulgaria. Т & O 17

18 NESSEBAR BULGARIAN RAVENNA Undoubtedly the most romantic town on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast, Nessebar boasts this recognition not only for the safe Black Sea and its southern climate, but also because of its authentic atmosphere. Located on a picturesque peninsula, 850 m long and 350 m wide, the Old Town is an architectural and historical reserve steeped in history. A narrow isthmus connects it to the mainland. The surf of the waves and the gentle sea breeze have as a meeting point its fortified walls, some of which are hidden under seawater. Having sprung to life more than 3200 years ago, Nessebar is among the most ancient towns in Europe, populated in the Late Bronze Age, and being a pet of fate: taken by Thracians, Bulgarians, Greeks, and Ottomans, ancient Mesemvria was a blessed spot; it flourished instead of declining in ruins after each battle behind the fortress walls. The origin of the two harbours is traced back to the era of the Thracians and they are still a source of artifacts from ancient ships which had moored here and transported wax and honey to the Middle East and India. Because of its unique architectural monuments dating back to more than four eras and thanks to its geographical location on a picturesque island, hanging over the beach Nessebar is a UNESCO World Heritage Site since Out of a total of 42 churches, today preserved in an excellent condition are 23, mostly from the 13th 14th centuries, the period of flowering and construction boom of Christian churches in the Bulgarian state. Some of them house art galleries. Preserving the spirit of the Revival Period are 62 houses in the Old Town in the typical Black Sea style, each with wide verandah (chardak), the exciting giant silhouettes of windmills, the flowing fountains that add to the atmosphere of Nessebar, and together with the 18 Т & O

19 sea breeze and the roar of the waves, they tell an unusual tale about history, ancient culture and spirit. The Old Town is quiet and cozy with its cobblestone streets and the trellised vines in the yards. It offers predominantly guesthouses. Modern hotels, attractions and SPA facilities one can enjoy in the Modern Town. Nessebar Municipality is the centre of international tourism. The biggest resort on the southern coast, Sunny Beach, is among the most preferred seaside resort towns by tourists of different age groups because of its historical and contemporary attraction appearance. In close proximity to the Old Town spread the Strandzha forests of Sveti Vlas resort (dubbed the City of the Rich or The Little Las Vegas), the golden beaches of Ravda, and Sunny Beach a favourite vacation spot for young Europeans because of the multitude of restaurants and the diverse entertainment offers. Nessebar has its own Aqua Park, and near it is located the largest Aqua Park in the Balkans offering over 40 attractions, designed for both relaxation in the calm blue waters and adrenaline bombs. In Sunny Beach, lovers of adventure can dive with a shark in the Black Sea which is poor in predators. The resort hosts the unique Golden Orpheus music festival. Jeep safari attraction in the rivers and forests of the Balkan Mountains provides an opportunity not only for high speeds in the beautiful nature, but also for lunch in an authentic Bulgarian house. The Museum of Honey is among the most curious attractions. It displays ancient and modern exhibits of beehives made of woven branches and mud, up to glass beehives where visitors can watch the life of a bee colony, as well as hive models of the unique Nessebar Church of St Stefan and Church of St John the Baptist. North and south of the town spread the warm sandy beaches of the southern Black Sea coast: the 10 km beach strip of the Sunny Beach resort with its natural sand dunes, the crystal blue waters and fine sands of Ravda, the quiet coves of Sveti Vlas and its elegant marina. In the vicinity of the town one can enjoy surfing, water-skiing, mini-golf, horseback riding, a modern karting track recreating the typical stretches of world-famous tracks. The all-inclusive tours onboard authentic medieval ships include bathing in the sea, lunch, and fishing. For connoisseurs of classic, Nessebar organizes international and national festivals: European Folklore Championship, Constellations in Nessebar Art Festival, Mesambria Orphica Festival of chamber classical music, Autumn Passages Fish Festival, to mention but a few. Т & O 19

20 The city of dreams Burgas Burgas is the fourth biggest city in Bulgaria, located on the Black Sea coast. Natural resources are undoubtedly one of the reasons the city is a favorite place for tourism and recreation.wherever you look at it from, Burgas is surrounded by water both sea and fresh water. To the east is the Black Sea, to the west of the coast there are three lakes Burgas, Atanasovsko and Mandrensko Lakes they form the larges complex of seaside lakes in Bulgaria and are declared protected natural territories. Burgas Bay features one of the longest beach strips with fine golden sand, gradually deepening sea level, calm and clean water, light and pleasant breezes. The largest Bulgarian nature park Strandzha Mountain, is placed to the south of Burgas. The location nearby the sea and the favorable living conditions in the fertile BurgasValley has always attracted people to the territories of contemporary Burgas ever since ancient times. Evidences of millennial history of the region are presented in Archaeological and Historical museum and the traditions and lifestyle of the local population in Ethnographical museum. The natural resources of Burgas and the region are presented in Natural history museum. info@gotoburgas.com 20 Т & O Municipality of Burgas

21 St. Anastasia Island Tourist attractions, places for recreation and entertainment complete the appearance of Bourgas. The city is the first in Bulgaria, which offers the opportunity for a boat trip to the only inhabited island in the Bulgarian Black Sea - St. Anastasia Island. The piece of land, 6 km away from the city, it is attractive not only for tourists but for locals alike. Today, we can find on the Island a restaurant with authentic seafood cuisine, Lekarna (healing house) offering indigenous natural products, a restored church dating back to 14th century, a guest house /hotel/, a contemporary multimedia museum, an open stage for various cultural events and an operative lighthouse. Saint Anastasia Island has an extremely interesting history and is deservedly called the Bulgarian Alcatraz it used to be a monastery, then turned into a jailhouse and in the last few years of the past century, it was one of the most bohemian places in the area, favored by people of all arts. The Island attracts people with its unique nature either bizarre rock formations, abundance of herbs, fig trees and one of the most beautiful views toward the Burgas Bay. Tourist complex Saint Anastasia Island Phone number: reservations@gotoburgas.com Aquae Calidae Tourist complex Aquae Calidae Phone number: akvekalide@gotoburgas.com On 15 kilometers from the city center is located another natural treasure Burgas mineral baths one of the oldest mineral springs. Here is placed the newest tourist complex of Burgas Aquae Calidae. Part of it is a modern museum which represents the millennial history. In there, a 3D projection carries the visitors through the centuries - from the ancient Thracian times and the legend of the Sacred Spring of the Three Nymphs, through the Roman and Byzantine ages, through the Crusades, through the ruling of Suleiman the Magnificent. Tourist complex AquaeCalidae has also café, shop for souvenirs, children playground, park and open stage. Т & O 21

22 Sozopol in a rating together with Rome and Paris Twenty European cities compete to be European Destination Since 2009, 20 European destinations have been taking tough competition in the prestigious European Destination ranking. These are places that have impressed tourists with their high-quality services, attractive places for recreation, unique historical, cultural and natural sites. The ranking is underlain by the principle by the tourist, for the tourist, and the outcome is determined by millions of European tourists who have the opportunity to vote for their favourite destinations. The ranking is organized by European Best Destinations, an organization based in Brussels and designed to promote culture and tourism in Europe. In partnership with the EDEN network, it provides a unique opportunity for advertising and promotion of European destinations nominated as European Destination, and encourages consumers of tourism services to be active in the selection and evaluation during the vote on the EDEN Internet platform, which will be held from January 10 to February 20, Alongside Sozopol, among the nominee destinations that will be part of the prestigious ranking and will rely on the vote of every European, feature destinations like Milan, Brussels, San Sebastian, Wroclaw, Rome, Paris, Barcelona, Berlin, Vienna, Porto, Athens, Novi Sad, Zagreb, to mention but a few. Last year, nearly 40 million Europeans have given their vote choosing among 20 tourist destinations. The promotion of the participating destinations among the tourists in Europe engages the good effort of not only the European Best Destinations and EDEN, but also of European tourism offices, professionals in the tourism industry, and various travel forums and events such as tourism fairs, congresses, exhibitions and presentations. Each destination further energizes its tourist audience, so that at the end of the Internet voting it could boast a prestigious ranking. Tourists from around the world who have good impressions of their visits to some of the participating destinations or are impressed and intrigued by the presentation of other participants during the European Best Destinations / EDEN campaign may take part in the voting. The first official presentation of the Sozopol as a participant in the European Destination 2017 will be in Monaco at the end of October. The 77th edition of Skil International World Congress will take place from 29 October to 2 November Skil International is an international organization for sustainable tourism at UN. Its programme includes the Business to Business initiative, which in addition to the nearly 500 delegates at the congress will be attended by yet more representatives of the tourism business from different countries. During the business initiative on October 30, the nomination of the town will be officially presented by Mr Panayot Reyzi, Mayor of Sozopol. Official address of the page to vote: Anyone can vote for Sozopol directly from the page dedicated to Sozopol: The official start of voting for the 20 participants in the European Destination 2017 is on , and will continue until Т & O

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24 Relics of St John the Baptist were unearthed in Sozopol on 2010 by famous Bulgarian archaeologist Prof Cazimir Popkonstantinov, PhD. Since then, the Black Sea town has become a centre of pilgrimage tourism. Particles of the Holy Cross and the hand of the saint from Antioch were found together in a reliquary during excavations of the Monastery of St John the Baptist on the island of Sveti Yoan/St John. According to surveys and medieval written sources, Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos personally brought the relics to Constantinople. Presumable Baptist s relics are kept in Catholic shrines in France, Montenegro, and Turkey. Today some of them are owned by Bulgaria as well. Sozopolis or the Town of Salvation, in translation from Greek, has today become the Town of Worship and this is how it enered modern Bulgarian history. The holy temple, the Monastery of St John, was founded in the 4th or 5th century AD, when Apollonia was part of the Roman Empire. It enjoyed an imperial status and played an important role in the life at this part of the Black Sea coast. The discovery raised the question: Does the reliquary really keep relics of St John the Baptist? At the bottom of the small stone box, which keeps the relics, there is an inscription in Greek: God, save your servant Thomas. To St. John. June 24. Prof. Thomas Higham, from the Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit at the Oxford University, dated the bones as belonging to a man that had lived between BC 50 and 70 AD. This time period coincides with the biblical tale of St John the Baptist. Prof Yordan Yordanov, Corresponding Member of BAS, made a similar anthropological analysis at the Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology, BAS, which produced similar dating. The above findings were also confirmed by Hannes Schroeder and 24 Т & O continued on page 26

25 Apolis Hotel*** your easy-going summer in the atmosphere and quietness of the small hotel! It is your ethereal vacation at the Flagman Hotel *** with the beat of waves! Apolis Hotel *** is a luxury family hotel with interesting architecture, built in The hotel is situated in the new part of the town of Sozopol and is divided in 5 levels completely orientated to the sea with the purpose of guaranteeing a wonderful view to its guests. TOP LOCATION - located at 70 m distance from Harmani beach having 5 km beach line - Sozopol: wtih 26 century history, unique and romantic atmosphere, the three wonderful beaches and neighbouring ancient houses hours sunshine, 27 degrees sea water. ACCOMMODATION - 29 cosy rooms - 3 luxury furnished apartments type maisonette, having direct view to the sea - 2 studios The apartments type maisonette consist of 2 rooms, located on 2 floors. One bedroom apartamentit type maisonette consists of two rooms on two floors. On the first floor is a living room with air conditioning, sanitary unit, bathroom and terrace. On the second floor is a bedroom also with air conditioning, sanitary unit and bathroom. Two bedroom apartamentit type maisonette consists of three rooms on two floors. On the first floor is a living room with air conditioning, sanitary unit, bathroom and terrace. On the second floor is two adjoining bedrooms also with air conditioning and sanitary unit. All rooms and apartments are luxury furnished, having adjacent terraces, air-conditioner, TV set, mini-bar, comfort furniture, large bathrooms and everything necessary for your full comfort. SERVICES Apolis Hotel*** is provided with: Restaurant with outdoor terrace Swimming pool for children and adults, with sun chairs Children s playground Mini bar Room service Safe Parking lot Transfer - your comfortable and pleasant travel is ensured also by us! The Flagman Hotel was fully renovated in 2014 and converted to a boutique style. Every room has different furnishing and modernistic bathrooms under a designer project. A luxury restaurant with an indoor area and two open terraces. The Flagman Hotel is well known to tourist industry, with its proven name, entrusted by its guests during the years. The hotel is located near the stadium Arena Sozopol /20 m/. With its unique architecture of a ship anchored at the shore, the Flagman hotel complex *** is situated in the new part of Sozopol town, 70 m from the Harmanite beach, with a 5 km long beach of fine sand. The hotel offers all you may need for your comfort during your vacation or your organized event! Facilities Active recreation or relation it is up to you to decide! A swimming pool excellent maintenance, with a separate part for children Sauna Jacuzzi Massage Free wi-fi Safety boxes to keep your valuables at the reception desk Room service Foreign currency exchange service A spacious restaurant -comprised of an indoor room with 100 seats and 2 open terraces with 160 seats. The Flagman restaurant is open every day from 8:00 to 23:00. Breakfast, lunch, brunch and dinner, included in the price of the rooms in the case of all inclusive packages, served as buffet. There are soft drink and hot drink machines near the buffet table, also included in the price. Alcoholic drinks will be offered and served from 10:00 to 22:00. We offer 5 types of Bulgarian spirits, draft beer, white and red wine. At different times you can enjoy, with additional payment, diverse Bulgarian and European cuisine in combination with a wide range of spirits and soft drinks and cocktails. There are many shops and cafés within 50 metres of Hotel Flagman. It is just 500 metres away from Sozopol s Old Town and Sozopol s Central Bus Station, with direct buses to Burgas, Sofia, Sunny Beach and Nessebar. APOLIS Hotel 6, Sv. Terter Str., Sozopol, Bulgaria tel/fax: /16 mobile: info@hotel-apolis.com Apart complex "Prestige city 2" Primorsko Reservation Department e mail : reservatins@prestige-city.com Calm, quiet and cosy summer in Apart complex "Prestige city 2" *** APARTHOTEL Prestige City II Primorsko is a residential complex: - situated on the beach, in immediate proximity to the wide beach strip of International Youth Centre Primorsko - situated in an attractive forest land called The Sands and combining the presence of unique natural gifts with unique microclimate joining together the coolness of a century-old oak forest and the heat of the gently burning sun rays and offering calm, active and a full valued rest! FLAGMAN Hotel 1, Odesa Str., Sozopol, Bulgaria phone: +359 (550) mobile: flagman_sozopol@yahoo.com Т & O 25

26 The Golden Place hotel is a front line hotel on the sea shore, located in a peaceful and quiet place in the wonderful bay area of Kavatsite, near Sozopol. The panoramic view of the beach and the sea is lovely and unique. Golden Place is a three-star family hotel. Our kind staff will take care of all your wishes during your stay. The hotel has 15 three-bed rooms, 10 twin-bed rooms, two two-room and two three-room suites. They all have a bathroom and toilette, air conditioning, cable TV and Internet access; the restaurant capacity is 100 seats. Our guests can enjoy the large swimming pool for adults, the children s pool and the Jacuzzi in the beautiful hotel garden. There is a Kids Corner for the little ones, as well as a VIP zone / large tents with a canopy. Reservations: Т & O

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28 continued from page 22 scientists waited for their turn outside the Church of Sts Cyril and Methodius to worship the saint. Sozopol became an everpresent destination in the tourist routes of the agencies and tour operators on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. The growing popularity of the town forced the municipal government to reconstruct the parking lot to accommodate the cars of arriving pilgrims and tourists. The temple, where the relics of St John the Baptist were displayed, was properly covered with a gilded dome. Prime Minister Borisov presented a silver reliquary as a gift to keep the relics. A National Geographic team shot a documentary for the discovery. The popularity of the town since Antiquity, followed by the recent sensational discoveries turn the town into Second Jerusalem for believers. Eske Willerslev from the University of Copenhagen based on DNA analysis. Professionals claim that Bulgaria is the only country that had discovered relics of the saint and had subjected them to laboratory analyzes and research without fear of depriving him of the idol status. Sliven Metropolitan Yoanikiy took the responsibility and announced the discovery to laymen, then the relics were laid in the temple for worship. The news of the discovery excited both the scientific world and the public. Thousands of citizens, believers, journalists, Special interest travels Tailor-made programs Break through the tradition Variety of offers are addressed mainly to the independent minded small groups of travellers young at heart, following professional, educational or hobby interests in the field of culture, history, art, sports, business, natural and team@sunshinetours.net web site: any other sciences. All explorers of Bulgaria have a wide range of themes and top quality service extensive travel facilities and accommodation to match all tastes throughout the country.accommodation in 5 star hotels on bed/ breakfast with transfers included: 47 Shipchenski Prohod Blvd., 1111 Bulgaria, Sofia Phone: +359/2/ ; fax: +359/2/ EUR 140 EUR 200 per person per day/per room A l l s e r v i c e s g u a r a n t e e d b y o u r l o n g e x p e r i e n c e 28 Т & O

29 Georgi Stoyandzhov The impact of a travel giant The airbnb.com website, which has recently been gaining thundering popularity, is an online market for alternative means of accommodation where everyone can offer his own apartment or room. In most cases, Airbnb offers lower prices to its customers as compared to hotel bookings. The table below, which has been drawn up after analyzing com, compares the average hotel prices to Airbnb averages for popular European destinations and for Sydney: Airbnb charges commission both to the tenant (6 12percent) and to the landlord (3 percent). Currently, the company s value amounts to USD 30 billion and it offers over 2 million locations in 34,000 cities in 191 countries. In October 2016, Airbnb published a report indicating that its clients have spent the impressive amount of USD 4.5 billion for restaurants for the last 12 months, of which USD 1.5 billion were spent in such establishments throughout the United States. The report based on an annual survey among the customers of the website on their annual expenditures, shows that the average sum every customer has paid for visiting a restaurant was USD It is quite possible that tourists staying in hotels spend similar amounts for lunch or dinner outside the hotel, but Airbnb s poll estimated that 56 percent of the customers of this website have spent more on food and purchases as a result of their savings from overnight stays. The study also shows that 42 percent of the visitors spend money in the area in which they are staying (given that 74 percent of the properties in Airbnb are outside traditional tourist locations). With these data in hand, the company wants to show that it brings clients to restaurants which otherwise would not have been visited by tourists who are mostly staying in the popular areas of the cities. Hence the company is an important part of the development of small and medium businesses in certain city areas. All this may be true, but it is interesting that this report was published just at a time when the State of New York and some other US states adopted laws restricting the publication of local unregistered (illegal) locations in Airbnb and similar websites. Following the signing of this bill by the Governor of New York Andrew Cuomo, State Sen. Liz Krueger commented (translation for the purpose of this article): Today it is a great day for long-term tenants, the elderly and anyone who values safety and security of their home and neighbourhood. This is a great victory for the average New Yorker over the interests of the USD 30-billion corporation. For too long, companies like Airbnb have been encouraging illegal activity that gradually erased long-term lodgings and further exacerbated the intolerable prices in this sector. They just stood like that while unconscientious landlords were expelled from their homes due to breach of rental contracts, unscrupulous owners kicked out long-term landlords to benefit from the high prices of short-term renting, and tourists were put in danger staying in unregulated, untaxed and often dangerous illegal locations miles to the east, in Sofia, many landlords also frustrate the good old lease to take the opportunity to significantly better earnings provided by short-term rentals in airbnb.com. One of the so-called landlords in the capital shared with Tourism and Recreation that no longer gives her apartment to rent for a long period because in airbnb his monthly profit is twofold. This phenomenon is one of the reasons for the sharp price increase in rents in Sofia. According to an article on Miglena Ivanova investor.bg rentals of residential properties in all metropolitan areas have risen by between 7 and Experts call this growth unhealthy. Back in New York, regards new bill is aimed more towards landlords who Disregard the law than to intermediaries like Airbnb. But as it directly affects the travel giant, the company launched a lawsuit in New York against the restrictive law. Airbnb lead such a process against San Francisco. Т & O 29

30 Ivo Marinov, Director of Tourism Administration at Sofia Municipality SOFIA IMPOSES AN IDENTITY OF A MODERN EUROPEAN CITY WITH FOCUS ON CULTURAL AND COGNITIVE TOURISM 2016 is shaping up as another successful year for tourism in Sofia. The whole of these days we have made effort to establish Sofia in the map of European and world tourism as a year-round destination for cultural and cognitive, and city tourism. Sofia offers its guests a distinctive blend of casual city charm, compelling stories for millennial cultural heritage, and modernity. Cultural and cognitive tourism has been the main purpose of visit for almost 40 percent of the tourists in Sofia in Others have chosen Sofia because it offers good opportunities and favourable conditions for hosting congress and conference events, for the rich calendar of cultural events, or as a shopping destination. In recent years, our capital has gradually being finding its place as a spot for culinary tourism. Sofia grows to be a more intriguing and competitive destination. Just a month ago, on September 27, the World Tourism Day, our city hosted the First Meeting of Mayors of CEEC and Chinese capitals, and from 29 November to 1 December the capital will be the ground of the International Congress on World Civilizations and Creative Tourism organized by the Ministry of Tourism and the World Tourism Organization. Hosting events of this magnitude is, on the one hand, a recognition of the progress of Sofia, and on the other hand, will for sure contribute to its popularity as an interesting tourism destination. In Sofia, there are many new attractions that underlie the increasing number of tourists. Over 53 million BGN have been invested for the restoration and exhibiting of a whole ensemble of the wonderful cultural and historical wealth of Sofia: Serdica Ancient Cultural and Communication Complex, known as the Largo, has become the largest open-air museum in the heart of the capital city, the Square 500 National Gallery, the National Art Gallery housed in the former Royal Palace, the St Sophia Basilica, and the underground museum in situ in the archaeological level of the temple, and Sofia History Museum. The spring of 2017 will see the completion of the the project for restoration, conservation and development of the so-called West Gate of Serdica and the Triangular Tower of Serdica. The former will be transformed into an archaeological park in the open to be the stage for concerts and theatre performances, while the Tower will host various cultural and congress events. Obviously, tourism is not just numbers, but they are important to measure achievements. They show that Sofia is going in the right direction: 8 percent increase in the number of tourists who have visited Sofia as compared to the same period in 2015; 8 percent growth of overnights; and 14 percent increase in tourist tax revenue. We consider as a success of ours the growth of the number of tourists from some distant markets such as Australia percent, India + 38 percent, and China +13 percent. Visitors from countries like Norway, Finland, Armenia and Belarus, are also accounting for a significant increase. Traditionally, Germany and the UK, followed by Greece, Italy, Israel, and France, occupy the top rankings in terms of visitor numbers. I can not but mention that Sofia is among the Top10 European cities that have reported the fastest growing number of tourists in , according to the annual Maѕtercard Global Deѕtіnatіonѕ Cіtіeѕ Іndex, issued on September 22, and boasted an average annual growth of 7 percent and above. We are also very glad for the growing number of positive reviews for our capital in various media. Now the main challenge that we are facing is to provide the visitors with a high-quality experience in the capital city thus making them loyal tourists to our destination. 30 Т & O

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32 The Largo of the Bulgarian capital, the ancient road of Europe Ulpia Serdica is the most ancient of the 50 European capitals. And if the main European highways, connecting Europe with the East intersect in Brussels, Serdica is a crossroads in their direction, but located in the Balkans.The grandiose project, the Largo, officially opened in 2016, revealed the secrets of old Serdica. This has been another major discovery of the ancient Bulgarian capital, following the excavations in the 1950 s. The foundations of large office buildings, a palace, part of Serdica fortress wall emerged among the ruins during the construction of a government compound. Subsequent excavations by archaeologists brought to light the foundations of a ceremonial hall, jars with gold coins, and jewellery. Today, preserved and exhibited are parts of the Eastern and Western Gate, and St George Rotunda. Delineated are the main thoroughfares: Via Principalis in the east west direction and Decumanus Maximus going north southward. Along the ancient Via Principalis Roman warriors set out to defend their provinces and came back (by the grace of gods), and the victorious emperors received honours. The street leads to the curative springs of Serdica whose waters healed the cuts of generals and warriors. The opening of the Ancient City compound, which was brought to life during the excavations of the huge ancient complex took several years and its implementation was attended by specialists from the Institute of Immovable Cultural Heritage at the Ministry of Culture and Sofia Municipality. After restoration and conservation of the newly opened building, today Ulpia Serdica is rising in the midst of modern Sofia alike the Coliseum, the Parthenon, and the pyramids of Giza. The Largo has become the largest underground museum in the country and worldwide, with an area of 14,000 sq m. The history of the ancient city unfolds clearly under the glass roof. The centre of modern-day Sofia, which had made Emperor Constantine exclaim, Serdica is my Rome, had remained in its location for 2000 years. Marvelous mosaics, three residential districts, once inhabited by aristocrats and merchants, frescoes from different cultural epochs, a jar with 300 silver coins, family owned and accumulated over 200 years, Roman baths with marble bathtubes are among the remarkable discoveries of ancient Serdica, known since the socalled Era of the Eighteen Danubian Emperors.The 3D virtual tour around the underground city starts along the authentic pavement of ancient streets, Decumanus Maximus and Cardo Maximus. The virtual route goes along modern-day Knyaz Dondukov Bld., by the Youth Theatre, and leads to the Amphitheatre just 10 metres smaller than the Coliseum of Rome. Then one can see the residence of Emperor Constantine behind modern Rila Hotel. The Praetorium is under the St Nedelya Church, the Forum of Aurelian and the Imperial Chancery are under the Presidency, and the public building with the throne hall is under today s building of the Council of Ministers. The 3D tour ends at the Mint located between St Nedelya Church and the Chamber of Justice. There Emperor Caracalla had minted his coins. Today, the preserved historical heritage is being adapted to the traditions of cultural tourism of the Bulgarian capital. The Largo is part of the calendar of cultural events of local residents and a scene of theatrical and music shows, exhibitions, and performances. 32 Т & O

33 Hotel Marinela Sofia Absolute Leader! Hotel Marinela Sofia is distinguished for its amazing infrastructure spreading on an area of 30 decares in the greenest part of the capital. The combination of spaces embedded in the architectural solution by renowned Japanese architect Kisho Kurokawa remains unique in the Balkans. With its area of 4500 sq m, carefully divided into 20 refurbished halls and spaces with sizes between 30 and 1500 sq m, it provides a great opportunity for successful events. The hotel avails 442 guest rooms, and the largest Presidential Suite will make you feel very special. The City within a City concept of the hotel allows every guest to take advantage of the services of six restaurants, four bars and a nightclub in combination with 25 m indoor pool, beauty salon and authentic Japanese Garden. Here our guests can enjoy the tranquility, coupled with exquisite style and comfort. The facilities and the spaces are an important part of the interior for relaxation and business, but huge advantage for us is the professionalism of our chefs. Chef Andrey Stoilov, Captain of the National Culinary Team of Bulgaria, Chairman of the Bulgarian Association of Professional Chefs and winner of numerous national and international culinary awards is a unique talent in the kitchen. Deputy Chef Peter Nikolov has participated in numerous Bulgarian and international competitions. His is holder of the gold medal at the National Culinary Cup Bulgaria, Bocuse d Or, and is the first Bulgarian who attended the semifinals of the most prestigious culinary competition in the world. Our customers are the meaning of everything we do, so we re ready to prove it every day. Т & O 33

34 ZEMEN MONASTERY FAMOUS AND UNKNOWN One of the oldest and most valuable monuments of art and culture in Bulgaria is the famous Zemen Monastery. It is located in a beautiful locality by the river Struma, 60 km south-west of Sofia. The oldest building in the monastery compound is the Church of St John the Theologian, restored in This fact justifies scientists to argue that it was erected at the time of the Bulgarian Tsar Ivan Shishman who passed from here in his campaign against the Serbian King Stefan Uros. The architecture of the temple is unique: a cross-dome building, with almost cubic form (9 x 9 m), built of travertine. The church is only one of its kind in Bulgaria, but Zemen Monastery is better known for its extremely valuable frescoes. The latest ones are dated to Among them is one of the oldest murals featuring Bulgarian saint Ivan Rilski or St John of Rila. At the dedication of the temple, every family in the neighbourhood offered gifts. Unlike canonical tradition, the images in the biblical scenes are not ascetic and stern, but vibrant and colourful and at the same time unconventional. One of these is the scene of the sacrament, along with the images of St Peter and St Paul. Apostle Peter features on the left, in front of the altar, receiving the bread and to the right is Christ who is offering a jug of wine. The unknown painter, rightly called The Zemen Master, had intertwined the biblical scenes with everyday life. Only the image of St Anne had survived since the erection of the temple. The other portraits were painted at a later stage. The uniqueness of the Zemen Monastery lies in the donors portraits of despot Deyan and his wife Doya. Not accidentally, they are compared with the images of Bulgarian governor Kaloyan and his wife Desislava in Boyana Church. The image of Doya impresses with its colourful depiction and its delicate psychological features alike. Mystery, unusual for the time shines from her portrait. The images of Desislava and Doya are the only donor portraits, which can be compared today. They emanate beauty, dignity, loyalty, while at the same time they are mysteriously beautiful, spiritually and aesthetically elevated. 34 Т & O

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36 BULGARIAN MOUNTAINS FILTER FOR SPIRITUAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTH Rila and Pirin are alpine mountains abounding in old coniferous arrays, in the oval-shaped Rhodopes there are deciduous forests, while the Stara Planina Mountains combine various relief and mixed vegetation. Several air currents, Aegean, Mediterranean, Black Sea and Danubian, pass over Bulgaria. In combination with the identical climate of each mountain range, they form the crystal clear and balmy air in different areas. In the mountains traditionally developed are winter sports, SPA, and balneology tourism. A multitude of hotels and other establishmets provide opportunities for recreation and accommodation according to the taste and preferences of the guests. BULGARIA COMPETITOR TO MAJOR SKI NATIONS The Official Report of the International Ski Federation (FIS) refers to Bulgaria, along with Slovenia and China, as a new market competing globally established ski nations. The report was announced at the Forum Alpina in Soelden. At the end of October 2016, the resort hosted the Alpine World Cup circuit, and the competitions for the last season marked the 50th consecutive years for FIS. A special section in its report FIS devoted to the Bulgarian miracle in snowboarding, Radoslav Yankov, defined as the biggest winner in the season, who imposed new standards. BANSKO MAGNET FOR PROFESSIONAL SKIERS In , for the first time the top resort will host the Snowboard World Cup. The first start will be parallel slalom, followed by competitions in speed border cross and parallel giant slalom for the World Cup for men and women. At the foot of the Pirin Mountains, overlooking the Rila and Rhodopes, the mountain town represents a perfect blend of modern ski resort and authentic Bulgarian folklore. Bansko is the birthplace of some of the most prominent representatives continued on page 36 Samokov history and modernity has rich stone ornaments a unique ear-ring, a fountain and a bird s house. Legend has it that whoever drinks water from this fountain, will stay in the town forever. Bairakli Mosque has been opened as a museum. A restored monument of culture, it is the only mosque preserved from the time of the Ottoman rule. The authentic architectural complex of The Nunnery dates back to the 18 th and 19 th century. The relics of St. Sava of Serbia have been kept in the nunnery. Samokov is a town of sports offering a variety of sporting activities to its visitors Multifunctional Sports hall Samokov, the ice-rink in the town square and the Boricho ski run on Rido. Samokov is the centre of a municipality, it is 60 km away from the capital city of Sofia and 110 km away from the city of Plovdiv. The name of the town is a remarkable cultural fact reflecting the cause of its foundation and development around the enormous mechanical hammers used for iron minimg and called samokovi. The cultural-historic heritage of Samokov has been presented in several theme displays in the History Museum. The display Samokov Spirit and Metal has been dedicated to the importance of the town as an iron-mining, craft and cultural centre. The Big Drinking Fountain has been a monument of culture and a public edifice since the 17 th century. This drinking fountain in the square 36 Т & O

37 Tsari Mali Grad between past and future Tsari Mali Grad is not only a museum, but also a place for recreation, meetings with art, and insight that the Bulgarian nation is a wonderful cluster of patriotic people. The dialogue between the cultural and historical site and the environmental is going on the happy children s voices and the smiling faces of their parents are a vivid evidence thereto. This is the only way to bring a legend to life. Here you learn about the past and charge for the future. The infrastructure parks, trails, access for disabled people, viewpoints, tourist attractions, service area, and museum functions everything that people need they can find here. You are welcome, the gate is wide open! Т & O 37

38 continued from page 34 of the Bulgarian nation. Short hot summer and long mild winter with average temperature of 1,9⁰C in the coldest month of January characterize its favourable climate. Snowfalls ensure snow cover of 2 m from December to May. The Alpine relief makes Bansko an excellent ski resort with a total length of 78 km of ski runs. Over 80 percent of them are equipped with snow guns and ski grooming facilities. The ski runs over 2000 and 2600 m asl offer various levels of difficulty. The resort town boasts also the largest ski and snowboard Fun Park in the Balkans. Tourists are transported by 6 lifts, 7 chairlifts, and 1 gondola. The town has twice hosted World Ski Cup. The longest ski run is 16 km in length and the most challenging is Tomba ski run, named after the famous Alberto Tomba. Offering traditional Balkan specialties, luxury hotels and historical landmarks, Bansko is a preferred year-round tourist destination. BOROVETS, THE OLDEST SKI RESORT IN BULGARIA IS HUDDLED IN THE SNOW LAP OF MT MUSALA Alpine skiing, ski jumping, cross-country, biathlon all these one can experience along the ski runs of Borovets, the oldest and most popular winter resort in Bulgaria. Surrounded by lush pine forests and picturesque hills at 1350 m asl in the northern hills of the Rila Mountains, Borovets is at the foot of the highest peak in Bulgaria and second in the Balkans, Mt Musala (2925 m). The resort hosted twice Alpine Skiing World Cup rounds and has established traditions in winter sports and mountain tourism. With its luxury hotels, restaurants, clubs,attractions and entertainment facilities, Borovets is developing as a modern resort of high class with an excellent network of ski runs and lifts on the mountain slopes adapted for all winter sports. Ski runs are 58 km long, the longest one being 12 km. A network of 14 lifts, 3 chairlifts and 1 gondola ensures the comfort of tourists. Snow cover remains over 1.5 m thick during the winter season (November May). Professional skiers can enjoy the highest ski centre, Markudzhik, where snow cover is above 2 m. Most popular ski runs are Yastrebets, Markudzhik 1, 2A, 2B, 3, Sitnyakovo, and Martinovi baraki. The average temperature in Borovets in January is 4.6⁰ C. The ski runs are marked with multilingual signs and are maintained in perfect condition, suitable for all alpine experiences and skier groups, night skiing included. Snow cover is reinforced by snow guns and snow grooming facilities. Being 73 km from Sofia and 10 km from Samokov, Borovets is easily accessible resort. The majestic Rila Mountains offer also the glacial Seven Lakes at m asl. The ski centres of Malyovitsa, Semkovo, and Govedartsi will fascinate the tourists with the beauty of the landscapes and the mountain heights. The air in Borovets is crystal clear. THE SUNNIEST SLOPES OF PAMPOROVO The resort has a real chance to host the Slopestyle World Cup The application was made by Bulgarian Ski Federation at the Calendar Conference of the International Ski Federation (FIS) in Zurich in October A team of FIS experts will assess the quality of the resort. The ski resort of European rank is located in the Rhodope Mountains at 1,650 m asl, in close proximity to Chepelare and Smolyan. The ski runs at 1926 m and 1450 m asl on the eastern, western, and northern slopes of the Mt Snezhanka (1926 m asl) are adapted for all levels of skiing dexterity. The climate is influenced by the Aegean Sea. The ski season starts in December and lasts until April. Sunny days in the active period are 120, the average temperature being -3⁰ C. The length of the ski runs is 37 kilometers and they are suitable for cross-country skiing and snowboarding. Pamporovo avails also a giant slalom ski run. The rounded forms of the mountain favour beginners. Extreme ski runs are colour distinguished. All runs are well equipped with modern ratrack and snow guns for snow grooming. The Hi-Life ski run is a challenge for snowboarders. Lifts are 9 and chair-lifts are 6, with a total capacity of 11,600 people per hour. Located in the foot of a low and warm mountain, the resort is ideal spot for winter vacation with opportunities to combine skiing with outings and trekking around the natural and historical attractions of the stunning Rhodope region. Opportunities for recreation in the area offer the resort settlements of Chepelare, Belmeken, Yundola, Batak, and Byala cherkva. Besides the magnificent mountain scenery, tourists can enjoy the authentic architecture of the Rhodope villages of Momchilovtsi, Dolen, Gela, Leshten, and Kovachevitsa. The highest peak of the Rhodopes is MtPerelik (2191 m). continued on page Т & O

39 Experience unforgettable moments with the Ski and Snowboard School STEVE. This is the first private ski school in Pamporovo, which already has twenty years of experience. We offer you ski and snowboard for every taste. Skiing and snowboarding lessons for beginners and advanced, for children and adults, given in a group or individually. Bulgaria, Pamporovo, phone: , skisteve@abv.bg facebook: STEVE Pamporovo Т & O 39

40 continued from page 36 VITOSHA THE WINTER OASIS OF SOFIA The mountain rising above the capital city is an excellent yearround venue for all types of tourism. Climbing the mountain can be combined with visits to cultural and historical sites in the Bulgarian capital or relaxing at its night clubs. The ski area is 10 km away from Sofia and starts at 1800 m asl. The snow cover is 1.5 m, the season lasts 120 days, the average temperature in January is 6⁰ C. The mountain ski runs are adapted for varying skiing skills. Several lifts and a cable lift serve the ski runs of a total length of 29 km. The ski runs Stenata/The Wall, Sinyata/ Blue, Zelenata/Green, Laleto, Zaeka and Vetrovala are suitable for skiing, snowboarding, and sledding. Children and inexperienced skiers can enjoy the ski areas around the Aleko Ski Centre, but extreme paths do not lack in the area. Laleto ski run offers night skiing. The steep ski runs are below the highest peak, Mt Cherni Vrah (2290 m). Konyarnika Vetrovala ski centre at 1507 m asl avails a 600-m fixed lift and two portable skilifts. The ski centres offer also ski rental and equipment, and ski instructors can take care of the beginners. Groomed slopes, cozy hotels and chalets, bright sun, fluffy snow, 22 km to downtown Sofia these are the temptations of Vitosha. The mountain is also the home of the oldest nature park in the Balkan Peninsula, Vitosha Nature Park. 40 Т & O

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42 BULGARIAN MINERAL WATERS AND CURATIVE MUD DEPOSITS SOURCE OF LONGEVITY AND HAPPY LIFE Research shows that up to 45 years of age the human body may recruit its strength up to 100 percent as long as the diagnosed dirorders are overcome be means of proper treatment, post-treatment prophylaxis, and natural lifestyle. In Bulgaria this is possible thanks to a combination of natural resources: climate, water, and curative mud deposits. VELINGRAD CLIMATIC PARADISE IN THE BALKANS with its 80 hot springs with temperatures of 28⁰ 80⁰ C. Their mineral waters treat bone and join disorderss, functional disorders of the nervous and peripheral nervous system, the gastrointestinal tract, metabolic imbalance, kidney, urological, gynecological, and skin diseases. The town is a powerful resource centre of health and longevity because of its abundance of mineral springs in deposits mainly in Chepino, Ladzhene, Draginovo Varvarski bani, and because of the favourable mountain climate with cool summers and mild winters that allows for year-round treatment procedures and positive effect on the respiratory system. Velingrad is a modern resort town, holder of the SPA Capital of the Balkans and The Most Green Town of Bulgaria prizes, famous for its modern SPA hotels and balneology centres. Kleptuza Lake is a symbol of the city. The pools of the mineral beaches are Olympic size. According to NASA s studies of , published in the National Geographic Magazine, the area around the locality of Atoluka is declared the most environmental in the Balkans. Belmeken Dam Lake is the highest reservoir, which collects part of the waters of the rivers Maritsa, Struma and Mesta, and boasts the highest dam wall embankment in the Balkans. There are not a few attractions in the vicinity of Velingrad, among which deserve mention the horse farm with bath for horses, the sand riding-schools, and riding facilities, the Pliocene Park Natural History Museum, recognized as the greatest paleontological deposit in the Balkans and the second most important exhibition in Europe. The locality of Yundola at 1400 m asl, between the Rila and Rhodope Mountains, is suitable for winter and summer tourism. The resort avails ski runs and lifts, and the coniferous woods in the area are a wonderful place for walking and hiking. Yundola is a starting point of hiking trails to Mt Belmeken in the RilaMountains and to Mt Chernovets in the Western Rhodopes. The Mantaritsa Biosphere Reserve in the higher parts of the Rhodope Mountains at 1900 m asl preserves old coniferous, deciduous and mixed forests of spruce, fir and white pine, at an average age of years. HASKOVO MINERAL WATERS TREAT INCURABLE DISEASES. Their temperature at the spring is 57⁰ C and they have proven medicinal qualities for treatment of Buerger s disease and Raynaud s disease, scleroderma, vegetative and diabetic angiopathy, coxarthrosis, gonarthrosis, radiculitis, polineuritis, sciatica, lumbago, plexitis associated with the herniated disc and disc disease, Sokolski Bouillaud reumatism, Bekhterev s disease, chronic eczema, neurodermatitis, psoriasis, and respiratory diseases. It is suitable for external treatment of sand in the kidney, gastric ulcer, and chronic gastritis. HISAR WATER IS THE MOST DELICIOUS and the most fuller in taste of all Bulgarian waters. Recognized as SPA Residence of the Balkans by the Balkan Alliance of Hotel Associations, the town of Hisar is known round in Europe for its wealth of 22 mineral-water springs with temperature of 37⁰ 51⁰ C. DEVIN WATERS WASH FATIGUE AWAY, THE CRYSTAL AIR CLEANS THE LUNGS thanks to the most dense ozone layer in the sky in proximity to Smolyan. The temperate continental climate with Mediterranean influence facilitates the successful treatment of metabolic, skin, gynecological diseases, disorders of the peripheral nervous and respiratory systems, and the skeletal system through external, internal, inhaled treatments with mineral water and medical treatment. OGNYANOVO ERASES NON-FAVOURABLE DIAGNOSES by means of its specific microclimate due to the flowering acacia, and the air currents in the valley of the Kanina River in the vicinity of the village of Garmen at the foot of the Western Rhodopes, in combination with its 24 thermal springs. In SPA resort provides year-round relieving treatment of rheumatoid and infectious arthritis, Bekhterev s disease, diseases of the soft tissues, arthrosis, injuries to joints and bones, post-operational skin, gynecological, and respiratory disorders, and diseases of the peripheral nervous system. NARECHEN MINERAL SPRINGS ARE VICTORS IN THE BATTLE WITH STRESS. They are suitable for the treatment and prophylaxis of cardiac and neurological disorders, and impaired metabolism. The tourist facilities of the SPA and balneology centres in the complex are equipped with a complete set of physiotherapy treatment procedures. The packages combine: mineral, pearl, and underwater jet massages, physiotherapy, manual therapy, reflexology massages, laser therapy, electrosleep therapy, diet, and paraffin procedures. BANKYA BRINGS FRESHNESS AND RELAXATION from the heart of the Lyulin Mountains. The SPA and balneology hotels focus on relaxation and treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, and impaired metabolism. The town is popular for its proximity to the capital city, with its Olympicsize outdoor swimming pool, equipped with Jacuzzis, and areas for children. KYUSTENDIL SPRINGS RESURRECT THE BODY at the foot of the Osogovo Mountains, where powerful 74⁰ C-hot mineral springs are gushing to heal all systems of the human body. Treatment and prevention are by means of baths, drinking, inhalations and irrigations, as well as by other hydrotherapy treatments such as gas and herbal baths, and underwater jet massage. The sulfur content of the water is crucial for the normal condition and operation of the joint system, the cell growth, the flexibility and elasticity of tissues and for the normal activity of the endocrine glands. THE ROSE VALLEY TEMPERS AND BRINGS PERPETUAL HEALTH by means of the 9 hydrothermal springs continued on page Т & O

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44 continued from page 40 of Pavel Banya with temperature of 50⁰ 61⁰ C. With low mineral content, the mighty waters affect herniated disc disorders, radiculitis, scoliosis, spondylolisthesis and spondyloarthrosis, narrowing of the cerebral spinal canal, traumatic injuries of the peripheral and central nervous systems, degenerative neurological disorders, post-traumatic and degenerative joint and joint-related disabilities. Pavel Banya resort avails 964 beds in balneology compounds, and 769 beds in private accommodation establishments. The municipal government invested in tourist attractions and SPA facilities to welcome about 30,000 tourists every year. STYLE, LUXURY, MIRACLES AND WARMTH IN STARA ZAGORA SPA CENTRES with the 51⁰ C-hot mineral waters. The millennium-old resort is located on the sunny slopes of Sarnena Sredna Gora Mountains. The climate is influenced by the Mediterranean. The mineral waters alleviate disorders of the musculoskeletal system, the peripheral nervous system, renal and urological, gynecological and gastrointestinal diseases. VARSHETS THE TOWN OF HEALTH is huddled in the green slopes of the Stara Planina Mountains and is worthy of the recognition given by the thousands of healed hearts, joints, and nerves. The 36⁰ 38⁰ C-hot mineral-water springs gush in indoor and outdoor pools. The resort offers a palette of hydromineral treatments, therapies and rituals for the body, electro-aesthetic procedures, classic and therapeutic massages, balneology and SPA treatments. THE HOT-WATER SAPAREVA BANYA SPRING MELTS PAIN with its temperature of 103⁰ C. The mineral waters spring from between the Rila and Verila Mountains. The balneology, SPA and climatic establishments are specialized for the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, the peripheral nervous system, damages to the central nervous system, gynecological diseases, acute and chronic poisoning, skin diseases, and upper-respiratory tract disorders. The impact of the resort is most strong in the combination of curative air and mineral water of rich content. SANDANSKI BULGARIAN AIR MIRACLE is located at the foot of the Pirin Mountains. The temperature of the mineral waters is 81⁰ C, and the resort boasts the largest number of sunny days per year. Due to the Mediterranean climate, the town is a natural healer of respiratory lung diseases. The combined water air impact stops the attacks of bronchial asthma. The mineral waters treat disorders of the musculoskeletal system, the gastrointestinal tract, the urinary tract, and obesity. THE BUBBLING GEYSERS OF ROUPITE AND MARIKOSTINOVO ARE A POWERFUL HEALTH BATTERY. The springs are near Sandanski. The mineral waters gush in the volcanic Kozhuh Mountains with a temperature of 78⁰ C and cure all types of disorders. The area is the habitat of microalgae affecting the skin and joints. The curative clay and the mineral waters of Marikostinovo are used directly in the lake, and they treat infertility among others. DEPOSITS OF CURATIVE MUD AND LYE HEAL AND BEAUTIFY Bulgaria boats a wealth of firth lakes and curative mud deposits Shabla Lake, Rusalka resort, Balchishka Tuzla, Varna, Pomorie and Atanassovsko Lakes. The curative mud of Pomorie and Burgas Mineral Baths has proven therapeutic effect on more than 45 diseases. Mud and lye have a healing effect, while noticeably improving appearance. Similar physical and chemical properties has the mud in Israel, the Dead Sea, Romania, Tekir Gyol on the Black Sea, the Crimean peninsula, Ukraine. Bulgarian analogue of the mud deposits in Germany, Austria, the Czech Republic and Poland are the curative mud deposits in the village of Baykal, Kyustendil District, widely known for their therapeutic effect. Balneology and SPA resorts operate year-round. 44 Т & O

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46 WORLD WINEMAKERS SHARE THEIR EXPERTISE WITH BULGARIA In vintage 2016 the red wine is No1, No2 is the rosé, followed by white wine. The quality of this year s vintage will be remembered. The red wines will render the boutique fragrance of floral bouquet in their aging, and white and rosé wines will leave a mark as it was in the memorable years of fertility under the sun, according to Bulgarian winemakers. Bulgaria was unanimously chosen to host the 40th anniversary World Congress of Vine and Wine and the 15th General Assembly of the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV) in Within the 8-day congress, experts from around the world will present their achievements and will discuss scientific and technical issues. The forum will be attended by representatives of the world scientific and technical elite, over 1,000 representatives of the countries members of the intergovernmental organization, leading world buyers, wines traders, administration, who will discuss and define development policies, the future of viticulture and wine production in the world. Forty six are the Member States of the OIV, 21 of them are from the EU. The hosting of the prestigious forum is deserved podium to advertise our country as a winemaker with established traditions and technology, the President of the Union of Bulgarian Oenologists Mr Stanimir Stoyanov commented for the Tourism and Recreation Magazine. Bulgarian vine and wine have millennial traditions. Thanks to investments in the sector, the last 15 years saw an extraordinary impetus to restructuring, relocation and renewal of vineyards which resulted in improved quality and increased variety of flavours of Bulgarian wines. Although EU subsidies stopped, the merits of our wines are growing. Over 1,000 brands were awarded in international contests in An interesting trend shows that traditional varieties like Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamza, Melnishka loza, Rubin, charged with long-term aging in oak barrels and complex authentic technologies, are increasingly highly valued and increasingly consumed by EU countries and the world, although world fashion has widely established lighter wines with fruity flavour. In fact, the Europeanis are increasingly looking to the barrel of white and red grape elixir of the Bulgarians. Unlike the previous traditional consumption of thick and aromatic wines, in the recent years Balgaria reports a dramatical increase of year-round consumption of native white wine and rosé. Manufacturers were not late to react: Bulgarian rose wine is of high quality and competitive to the French wine, while continued on page Т & O

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48 continued from page 44 branding is extremely diverse thanks to the grape varieties and the favourable climate conducive to viticulture. Wonderful are the qualities of the bio wine, which is still a newborn product in the market, but even though Bulgarian winemakers bravely believe they will break even on the French market which is so conservative as far as imported brands go. There are more than 260 traditional wineries in the country, another 19 are under construction. A total of 160 million litres of wine were produced from 2016 crops, up nearly with 30 million litres in comparison with last year. Sixty million litres are for export. Best Quality is traditional for the following regions: Danube, Black Sea, Rose Valley, Thracian Valley, Valley of the Struma River. About 15,000 decares of vineyards are planted in Bulgaria every year. The trend for Bulgarian red wines is to develop increasingly wide range of taste in shades typical to their aging. White and rosé wines are increasingly fairy, but have preserved their regional accent and sunny breath. Bulgarian winemakers are increasingly focusing on small quantities of high-quality wines. Our wines have secured greatest shares in the markets of Russia, China, and the USA. In recent years, their taste is increasingly valued in Poland, the Czech Republic, and Germany, where larger quantities are exported. Bulgarian wine is sought and preferred in Vietnam and Japan, too. The unique colour and its centuriesold architectonic taste are well known in Denmark, Belgium, and recently its consumption in the UK is growing. White and red wines of Bulgaria are extremely diverse in its domestic market. This keeps competition between wine producers going which guarantees high quality and competitiveness in the world market. The ambition of the government is by 2025 Bulgarian wines to acquire firm standing in the national and international market with their authentic image and taste. Until recently, the country was No 1 manufacturer in the world. Bulgaria has exceptional characteristics: terroir, climate, and beautiful amber vineyards. Bulgaria produces quality wines in regions with climatic, natural, and historical attractions that have become their brands. Hence, the country boasts unlimited potential for the development of wine tourism. 48 Т & O

49 GUEST HOUSE DOBROTITSA - A BEAUTIFUL TALE FROM DOBRUDZHA Guest House Dobrotitsa was created in 2014 and it is named after the village of its location. The guest house is built on a hill, from where a beautiful view of the nearby mountain elevations, dense deciduous forests, fertile grasslands and large gardens is open. The Oprev wine cellar is located in its immediate proximity. It is a modern production structure with a fully closed cycle of production from the grapes to the finished product. All the wine is made from own vineyards and this allows strict control over the raw material inputs. The winery team shares the opinion that authentic wine of its own style, nature and uniqueness can be made from the traditional Bulgarian wine grape varieties, as well as from the newly created ones. Wine tourism which has recently been gaining momentum in Bulgaria is a wonderful possibility to popularise the unique Bulgarian wines. It is in the spirit of this idea that the Dobrotitsa Guest House has been created. During the grape harvest time tourists have the opportunity to witness this process, as well as the specific grape processing activities. The house has nine tastefully furnished rooms, an outdoor terrace with barbecue, a restaurant, a fitness room and an area with fireplace and television. Our guests can see the sights of the village, some of which are unique. The St. St. Cyril and Methodius Church and the cenotaphs, symbolic tombs of soldiers who perished far from their native places; the Babadzhanov Fountain and the poem Water carved in the stone above the spout; meadows of wild peony blooming only in May to the south of the village; the Sharp Rock, which is a natural phenomenon from the deep antiquity. The village of Dobrotitsa is situated at 15 km from the Srebarna Biosphere Reserve where an eco trail passes round the lake. Not far from there is the village of Malak Preslavets, known for its swamp, where 147 bird species, diverse vegetation and animal world have been observed. The larges Madonna lily stock in Bulgaria has been discovered in Malak Preslavets. Silistra a town of ancient history and culture is situated at 36 km from Dobrotitsa. The Thracian Tomb in the village of Sveshtari is 50 km from this place. The Dobrotitsa Guest House is open for all those who keep Dobrudzha in their hearts. Here they can enjoy the fruits of this land, try delicious dishes and taste unique local wines. Village of Dobrotitsa, municipality of Sitovo, Silistra District Sibiel OOD Todor Oprev ; Т & O 49

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52 Boyana Church, a sacred peal of Sofia Mount Athos Eight kilometers from downtown Sofia, at the foot of Mount Vitosha, is huddled Boyana Church, a masterpiece of medieval art included in UNESCO World Heritage List. The temple has a unique architecture: the two churches embedded one into another, form a coherent ensemble. The small Church of St Nicholas dates back to the 10th 11th centuries. In the 13th century, local governor, Sebastocrator Kaloyan modernized the building by adding a 2-storey pavilion with a small Temple of St Panteleymon. The frescoes that have earned the church world fame were commissioned by governor Kaloyan, donor of the painting. The images of Kaloyan, his wife Desislava and the royal family Konstantin and Irina are the work of an unknown master. The inscription from 1259 suggests that their author had been some Vasiliy. In the 14th, 15th and 17th centuries the church was further painted with murals, while in the 19th century a new narthex was added. Boyana Church is part of the so-called Sofia Mount Athos. unearthed in the basement of the latter monastery. The only monastery near Sofia whose possession has been granted to the Bulgarian monastery at Mount Athos is German Monastery of St John of Rila. The Charter of the Holy Mount of Athos is observed therein. The Holy Mother of God patronizes the monasteries in Rila, Bachkovo, and Troyan. The Rila Monastery, the most impressive monument of the During the Ottoman Period it functioned as a monastery. Because of the value of the murals there is special entry regime when visiting the church. Dragalevtsi Monastery is the major one in Sofia Mount Athos. Residence of the Bulgarian Patriarch, the monastery had been renovated and painted many times in the 14th 19th century period. A common roof houses the old and the new church. The Monastery of St Petka (19th century) and the Monastery of St Yoakim and St Anna are the monasteries in the village of Bistiritsa. A Late Antiquity tomb (4th 5th century AD) has been Bulgarian Revival Period and in the Balkans, one of eight Bulgarian sites in UNESCO World Heritage List, is located amidst the wild Rila Mountains. It is remarkable mostly for its Hrelyo s fortress tower (erected by master builder Hrelyo), the fivedomed Assumption of Mary Church, both dated to the 15th century, and the original monastery dining room (19th century). The museum is famous for its ancient collection of documents, manuscripts, charters, icons and rich ethnographic exhibition. The unique Rafail s Cross is the work of monk Rafail produced in the course of 12 years. As a result of the tireless effort, the cleric went blind, but bequeathed 104 biblical scenes and 650 figures carved on the sacred piece of art. The library of the monastery numbers 16,000 volumes. The monastery keeps one of the three Bulgarian miracle-making icons of the Virgin Mary, Hodegetria (She who shows the Way). It is believed to had been a gift from Mara, the sister of Tsar Shishman. The icon is an unusual composition itself with its 32 partitions containing relics of saints. Deeply tanned by lamps and candles in the course of centuries, Hodegetria is brought out only once a year, after night 52 Т & O

53 Dryanovo Monastery of St Michael the Archangel is one of the 10 most revered monasteries by the Bulgarian Orthodox Church and all Bulgarians. During the April Uprising against the vigil and prayers. Picturesquely situated by the River Chaya, in the vicinity of Plovdiv, rises Bachkovo Monastery with its unique architecture and rich collection of church plate, books and icons. The monastery contains examples of Bulgarian medieval painting, the work of Zachary Zograf, the most colossal master painter from the National Revival era. The masterpieces are located in the ossuary church, in the monastery dining room, and in the main Temple of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary. The artist has left his self-portrait in the Doomsday scene. Bachkovo miracle-making icon of Virgin Mary holding the Child and giving Blessings is decorated with gold and silver hardware. During the Lord s Resurrection celebration, the procession transfers it to the locality of Kluviyata where it was discovered by a shepherd boy. Troyan Monastery has sprung up in the 16th century, and has Ottoman rule, it served as a powerful sentinel at the foot of the old Bulgarian capital of Veliko Tarnovo, and as a stronghold of clerics and revolutionaries in their battle for the freedom of Bulgaria. Repeatedly destroyed and then restored after the invasions of believers in other religions, Dryanovo Monastery has established itself as the spiritual centre of the prominent figures of the Bulgarian church, education and culture. Today, it is a shrine of national memory. An ossuary monument in the yard was erected in 1896 in honour of the sacrifice of its defenders who died in the national liberation uprising after the liberation of the country. Sokolski Monastery of the Holy Assumption of the Virgin Mary It was set up in 1833 by Joseph Sokolski at the dawn of the been repeatedly destroyed and rebuilt. Its present appearance is from The magnificent painting of the main church is the work of Zachary Zograf. The miracle-making icon of the Virgin Mary Three-Handed attracts a steady flow of believers. It was brought from Mount Athos by a cleric who intended to transfer it to Wallachia, but received God s sign the holy piece to remain in the monastery. The stories of the miracles made by the three icons did not dry up over the centuries. Today, they are still completed by the faithful who have received healing, salvation, and grace. Monasteries of Bulgarian uprisings Dryanovo and Sokolski Monasteries were the strongholds of Bulgarian national liberation movement. Clerics and revolutionaries behind the monastery walls have fought shoulder to shoulder in the struggle for an independent church and for the liberation of Bulgaria from Ottoman rule. The monasteries near the metropolitan city of Veliko Tarnovo were built by prominent master builders and painters of the time. Bulgarian Revival (Renaissance) Period and is linked to the struggle for an independent church, education and culture. The cleric actively supported the Uniate movement for unity of the Bulgarian church with the Vatican to counteract the Ecumenical Patriarchate which had imposed worship in the Greek language in Bulgarian churches during the Ottoman rule. A voevode and Father Superior, Sokolski was the first ordained Catholic bishop. The residential premises are the work of the unique Renaissance master builder Kolyo Ficheto known for his bridges and temples having for ages remained intact around the country. The church of the Sokolski Monastery was built in Mount Athos style: cross-shaped plan, with 12 windows. The first painters of the temple were Pavel Zograf and his son Nichola. Later, the brightest in the pleiad of Revival Period painters, Zachary Zograf, painted the icons of Jesus Christ and the Virgin Mary. A beautiful drinking-fountain with 6 spouts and 6 falcons was built in the monastery courtyard in memory of the work of Joseph Sokolski. It welcomes and sends pilgrims back, whispering of glorious times and battles. Т & O 53

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