School feeding by Mary s Meals in Blantyre: Porridge for 330 pupils per pot

Transcription

1 Institutional stoves available to Malawi Implica(ons of choices beyond availability and cost presented by Christa Roth during Cleaner Cooking Camp March 2016, Lilongwe School feeding by Mary s Meals in Blantyre: Porridge for 330 pupils per pot 1

2 InsGtuGonal stoves offer potengal for large savings in firewood Especially by opgmised stove- pot- fit and a sunken pot With With open open fire fire With insgtugonal Rocket Stove 2

3 What is inside? Cross- secgon of a typical insgtugonal Rocket Stove Rocket fire chamber with air grate Insulated combusgon chamber or heat- recovery opgon for improved combusgon Sunken pot (pot- specific) for improved heat- exchange Chimney- design opgonal

4 Fixed vs. Portable Dedicated kitchen structure needed Trained expert needs to move on site, many experts needed for major roll- out ConstrucGon materials need to be transported, higher logisgc costs More difficult to sell service than commodity Quality control costly to impossible Extended lifespan if properly built and used Only storage space needed Can be centrally produced by trained expert and then distributed e.g. with the food High producgon numbers possible for roll - out in short Gme with few experts Quality control and supervision easy at source of producgon Needs metal, limited lifegme

5 Centralised vs. Decentralised production High producgon volumes, bulk sales No interacgon with end- customer End user training difficult Difficult payment collecgon Needs more specialised experts Quality control challenging

6 Metal vs. Brick/mud/ ceramic Cost of metal Metal is corrosive, limited lifespan of metal depending on material quality and use of stove Maintenance and warranty issues easier to address as product can be brought back to producer Cheaper materials, but higher logisgc cost for construcgon on site Extended lifespan, but cement can get chipped off and be difficult to repair Maintenance challenging

7 Local production vs. Import Affordable pricing ( USD for 100 l), Cash+carry or payment upon delivery Local currency payments, no forex Availability off the shelf or through local orders from producer, scaling up in country possible Employment generagon, building local skills base Easy to adapt to locally appropriate pots and exisgng pots (stove built to fit pot) Easy replacement of pots Expensive (+- 1,000 USD + transport + taxes) Upfront payment needed, Procurement + import process lengthy, slower payback period Forex needed, high donor dependency High transport cost somegmes exceeding stove cost ( USD per bulky stove) Efficiency figures only replicable if used correctly (split and dry firewood) Restricted pot sizes and ocen weak materials, no or difficult pot replacement

8 Ken Steel Engineering Mulanje Largest producer of portable and fixed insgtugonal stoves worldwide (>10,000 units sold) Ability to sagsify large order in a short period of Gme through centralized producgon of portable stoves Ashden Awards 2006 with Peter Scoe/Aprovecho and GIZ ProBEC Challenges: durability of metal stoves, warranty for replacement parts, maintenance price for decentralised construcgon of fixed stoves Replicability boelenecks: material of firechamber

9 Mayankho stove (promoted by MAEVE) Design developed in 2010 by stove builders in Malawi and Christa Roth for Clíoma and Maeve, based on Lion stove design by Crispin Pemberton- Pigoe Can be built in < 2 days using prefabricated slab and pot cage Size adjustable to exisgng pots Firechamber now from facebrick instead of firebricks No metal firewood grate Metal only for pot cage, ash grate and scraper Ash removal opgon outside kitchen Design adjustable to kitchen layout

10 Aleva Stove (semi- portable design by Peter- Hans Negele, Mulanje) Made from rammed earth, self- firing during use Transportable elements Assembled on site with metal band Here at Jacaranda School in Chigumula used out of context with wrong pot as they did not have a pot that would fit so they prepped the 100 l pot up by 3 stones. Remember: it is not the stove, it is the fit between stove+pot. A stove alone might not do the trick.

11 2015 Concept development (prototype phase): flat-packed high-performance firechamber + locally built heat exchange unit for areas without access to appropriate materials

12 JumboZama assembly Firechamber designed in 2014 by Adrian Padt, Rocketworks Pty Durban, already noted challenge of grate Assembly design led by Christa Roth in conjuncgon with local argsans: high quality firechamber dropped into a locally produced custom- made enclosure to fit the pot Can be built in half day without a specialised builder Stainless steel firechamber weighs < 4kg and can be imported as flatpack and assembled on site Right: Prototype built at Jacaranda school in September 2015 for comparagve emissions tesgng. Sized to a 80 l pot that is not in daily use at the school but complements the three 100 l pots to increase opgons for the school. Lec: Prototype all - metal portable stove for street restaurant built in Senegal

13 CLEANER Institutional Stoves Convenience: fast if sunken pot, shorter cooking Gmes, height may require steps for cook Less smoky: only smoke at start- up or with wet wood Efficient: savings depending on baseline but much higher savings possible (> 80 %) due to beeer stove- pot- fit as in households. Major challenge: user training as efficiency figures only replicable if used correctly with split and dry firewood (lab efficiency vs. user efficiency) Affordable and available: depending on cost and place of producgon (import) Not harmful: mostly safer due to sheltered fire and insulated pot Easy to use and aesthe(c: most need splirng of firewood and regular stoking of firewood, causing increased hassle for operators Robust: depending on materials and availability of replacement for consumable parts Major challenge how to address processing needs of firewood: Who does the work, who benefits from savings on firewood expenditure? How to share?

14 Finally: It is not the stove but how you (ab)use it Technology maeers, but users and operators even more Wet wood smokes, no maeer in which stove Chimneys are no guarantee for smoke removal Best supply pot firng to stove and not stove only, even if a good quality stainless steel pot might be more expensive than the stove itself