AIRPORT SAFETY AND SECURITY UPDATE Scottsdale, Arizona May 18 2008 Debby McElroy, Executive Vice President, Policy and External Affairs AIRPORTS COUNCIL INTERNATIONAL - North America 1775 K Street, NW, Suite 500 Washington, DC 20006
Airport Safety Issues Runway safety Runway Incursions Overruns EMAS Apron Safety SMS Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting Airline Safety Airport Safety
Runway Incursions Have received lots of press attention Most are pilot deviations or operational errors Most are benign Most occur at GA airports But Potential for a major accident exists
Runway Incursions
Runway Incursions- Industry and FAA Working Together Call to Action meeting August, 2007 ACI-NA staff and members participated (DFW, MSP, LGA, ORD) Urged accelerated action: Airports enhance surface markings Airports conduct recurrent driver training Airlines conduct pilot taxi training Airlines review taxi checklist reviews FAA review ATC taxi clearances
Enhanced Surface Markings Call to Action requested more rapid deployment at 75 large hub airports All 75 will be completed by June 2008 229 others underway Smaller airports needed additional time
Runway Incursions- Mid-term Actions Accelerate deployment: Runway Status Lights (RWSL) Final Approach Runway Occupancy Status (takeoff position lights) Perimeter taxiways
Runway Status Lights Prototyped at DFW & SAN Independent of ATC Driven by Airport Surface Detection Equipment, Model X (ASDE-X) or Airport Surveillance Radar (ASR) 1st production unit in BOS
Takeoff Position Lights Located at takeoff position Activated if aircraft enters runway Visible to landing aircraft
Perimeter Taxiways Completed at ATL Under construction at DFW Eliminated approx. 600 runway crossings daily at ATL Airlines reported decreased fuel burn
Longer Term Actions - ADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B)/OUT NPRM published Surface collision avoidance requires ADS- B/IN Enables surface moving maps with own ship and other ship positions Also addresses wrong runway issue
Differences in runway incursions definition will cause increases in numbers FAA Definition Any occurrence in the airport runway environment involving an aircraft, vehicle, person, or object on the ground that creates a collision hazard or results in a loss of required separation with an aircraft taking off, intending to take off, landing, or intending to land. ICAO Definition Any occurrence at an aerodrome involving the incorrect presence of an aircraft, vehicle or person on the protected area of a surface designated for the landing and take-off of aircraft.
Aircraft Overruns
Increased Focus on Runway Safety Areas Full 1000 foot Runway Safety Area (RSA) by 2015 or 600 foot RSA with engineered materials arresting system (EMAS) or Declared distance restriction on runway There is a current ACRP project to improve EMAS
Engineered Materials Arresting System (EMAS)
EMAS Installations Airport Location # of Systems Installation Date JFK International Jamaica, N.Y. 1 1996 Minneapolis-St. Paul International Minneapolis, Minn. 1 1999 Little Rock National Little Rock, Ark. 2 2000/2003 Greater Rochester International Rochester, N.Y. 1 2001 Burbank Burbank, Calif. 1 2002 Baton Rouge Metropolitan Baton Rouge, La. 1 2002 Greater Binghamton Binghamton, N.Y. 2 2002 Greenville Downtown Greensville, S.C. 1 2003 Barnstable Municipal Hyannis, Mass. 1 2003 Roanoke Regional Roanoke, Va. 1 2004 Fort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Fort Lauderdale, Fla. 2 2004 Duchess County Wappingers Falls, N.Y. 1 2004 LaGuardia Flushing, N.Y. 2 2005 Logan International Boston, Mass. 1 2005 Under construction Location # of Systems Expected Installation Date San Diego, Calif. 1 Spring 2006 Charleston, W.Va. 1 Summer 2006 Laredo, Texas 1 Spring 2006 Cordova, Texas 1 Summer 2006
Apron Safety International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) requires apron safety regulation OHSA oversight in U.S. U.S. vs Europe/Asia handling practices FAA will regulate Exact method unclear Flight Standards (airlines) Airports ACI handbook/apron safety survey North America has lowest rate of incidents
Safety Management Systems Required by ICAO (in Annex 14) in November 2005 and embraced by FAA Transport Canada SMS program already underway FAA intends to layer SMS on top of Part 139 Currently 25 airports participating in a pilot program with results due in July 2008 ACI-NA/AAAE/FAA SMS Workshop July 14/15, 2008 NPRM expected in 2009
ARFF Standards International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF) proposed language mandating certain National Fire Protection Association standards HR 2881, sec 313 requires rulemaking within 2 years Consistency with voluntary consensus standards, to the extent practical. If the proposed or final rule is not consistent with national voluntary consensus standards, the Administrator shall submit to the Office of Management and Budget an explanation of the reasons for such inconsistency in accordance with section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note; 110 Stat. 783). If the Senate passes a reauthorization bill, the House language likely to be adopted, with an amendment from Senator Kerrey providing exemption for Index A & B airports
Airline Safety House Transportation & Infrastructure hearing on April 4 and Senate Commerce Committee hearing on April 10. On April 18, Secretary Peters announced FAA establishing new National Safety Inspection Review Team, to be sent to airlines to conduct focused and comprehensive safety reviews. Further, concerns about inspections not being accomplished by the deadline would now be routed directly to senior FAA officials in Washington, DC for action. Peters announced a panel of outside experts will review the current FAA system to evaluate airline safety and to offer recommendations within 120 days for improving the process. The panel includes: Randy Babbitt; Bill McCabe; Malcolm Sparrow; Edward Stimpson; and Carl Vogt. The DOT Office of Aviation Enforcement also tasked with reviewing airline plans for accommodating passengers in the event aircraft were grounded.
Airline Safety On April 18, Secretary Peters requested reports from both FAA and American Airlines on the actions that led to the grounding of American s MD 80 fleet during April 8 12. The reports were delivered to Peters on May 2 and made pubic on May 16. FAA and American Airlines strongly disagreed as to whether a safety of flight issue ever existed. In a letter to Acting Administrator Bobby Sturgell and American Airlines CEO Gerard Arpey, Peters said the reports raise serious questions about the process in place to allow airlines to use different, but potentially equally effective, solutions for complying with Airworthiness Directives (AD) and asked for an examination of the current protocols for allowing alternative methods of compliance (AMOC). Independent safety inspection review team asked to review findings and include recommendations in this area.
Airport Safety Impact on AMOCs for airports? Increased level of regulatory attention affecting airports, including proposed revisions to advisory circulars (ACs). Though framed as revisions to "advisory" materials, most of the recent and proposed changes to ACs would be binding on airports certificated under Part 139, or those accepting AIP grants. FAA is also reviewing the requirements for winter runway maintenance and condition reporting, as well as aircraft operating margins under contaminated runway conditions. The Takeoff and Landing Performance Assessment ARC will consider potential revisions to airport and airline regulations to eliminate the majority of risk from aircraft overruns. Possible amendment to Senate FAA reauthorization to require development of a national runway safety plan and technology such as ASDE-X and ADS-B, as well as controller fatigue. ACI-NA/NTSB October 22 meeting in Washington, DC
Airport Security Issues Employee Screening Pilot Tests Biometrics Checkpoint Evolution Screening Checked Baggage US VISIT - Exit DHS Transition
Employee Screening Pilot Tests Pilot testing began on May 5 and will continue for 90 days: Enhanced security screening (Random screening, behavior detection programs, employee security awareness training and deployment of portable screening equipment) Denver International, CO; Kansas City International, MO; Eugene, OR; and Southwest Oregon Regional, North Bend, OR 100% Perimeter Screening Boston s Logan International, MA 100% Checkpoint Screening Jacksonville International, FL; and Craven Regional, New Bern, NC Report due to Congress in early September
Biometrics The ACI-NA Public Safety and Security Committee continues to study the use of biometrics for airport access control systems. In general, members have concerns about any movement toward interoperable biometric systems House Homeland Security Chairman Thompson (D-MS) introduced a bill that calls for a TSA/industry study to address key concerns regarding biometrics, including potential costs and operational impacts and does not mandate implementation. ACI-NA is also working with TSA on the suggested biometrics framework called Aviation Credential Interoperable Solution (ACIS) Program.
Checkpoint Evolution Self Select Boston, Denver, Orlando, Salt Lake City, and Spokane Passenger Screening Checkpoint of the Future being tested at BWI More efficient and pleasant passenger screening Implications for terminal infrastructure Registered Traveler Advertising at the Checkpoint
Screening Checked Baggage In-Line Explosive Detection Systems Funding Essential Technologies Task Force Re-screening of Canadian bags
Facilitation Issues CBP Staffing US-Visit Exit NPRM issued by DHS International Registered Traveler Global Entry pilot program begins June 10 at JFK, IAH, and IAD Voluntary for frequent international travelers ($100 fee) Bypass traditional passport controls, use kiosks located in Arrivals area of ACI-NA President Greg Principato on DHS Secure Borders Committee Re-screening of international baggage and passengers
U.S. Visit Exit On April 24, DHS issued a NPRM to require airlines to collect fingerprints from foreign visitors departing the U.S. Comments are due June 16. The NPRM does not specify where in the airport the collection must occur, airlines would have a 24-hour window to submit the collected biometric information after departure Domestic and international airlines oppose NPRM and propose DHS collect the biometrics at the TSA checkpoint ACI-NA draft position: DHS should collect the fingerprints, either directly or through a contractor, as border controls are historically a governmental function. Because of the broad national interest in the security and border control implications of the program, it should be financed through the general fund. The process should be conducted at the gate of the passenger's final airport departure from the US. DHS (or their contractor) could use mobile devices to collect the biometrics which may reduce costs and increase efficiency, as well as minimize the impact on airport facilities.
DHS Transition DHS became the 15th Cabinet department in January 2003. January 2009 will be the first time that DHS has been required to meet the challenges of a presidential transition. ACI-NA is participating in Administration Transition Task Force meetings to provide recommendations for an efficient and effective administration transition. ACI-NA also working on airport industry agenda for new Administration
Dick Marchi Senior Advisor, Policy and Regulatory Affairs rmarchi@aci-na.org Charles R. Chambers, Jr. Sr. Vice President, Security and Facilitation cchambers@aci-na.aero Lydia Kellogg Senior Manager, Public Safety and Security lkellogg@aci-na.aero