Teaching the National Airspace System Soaring Safety Foundation FIRC Presentation
US Airspace
Training Aids http://www.airnav.com Details of any airport http://www.skyvector.com On-line copies of sectional
Teaching the NAS Use simple (Class G) to complex (Class A) method Pilot, Aircraft, Environment Introduce basics and then add exceptions (grammar rules) Use mnemonic s to aid in learning G for Ground, B for Busy
Airspace Hierarchical Class A Class B Class C Class D Class E Class G layout Most restrictive, no VFR operations Very restrictive, 31 airports Restrictive, need radio & mode C Minor restrictive, control tower Few restrictions, most glider flights Least restrictive, close to ground
Class G Airspace
Class E Airspace
Class G to Class E Pilot - No change Aircraft - No change Environment - Increase VFR visibility and cloud separation minimums
Class D Airspace
Class E to Class D Pilot - Radio procedures Establish radio contact Aircraft - Increase aircraft equipment Radio Environment - Increase airspace complexity Depicted on sectional
Class C Airspace
Class D to Class C Pilot Equipment usage Set/use transponder Aircraft - Increase aircraft equipment Transponder Altitude Encoder Environment - Increase airspace complexity Dual rings Cut-outs, wedges, varying heights
Class B Airspace
Class C to Class B Pilot - Requires Private pilot or better in 12 Logbook endorsements in others ATC clearance to enter Aircraft - No change Environment - Increase airspace complexity Multiple rings Cut-outs, wedges, varying heights
Class A Airspace The floor of Class A airspace is 18,000 feet MSL (Flight Level 180), and the ceiling is 60,000 feet MSL (Flight Level 600). Class A airspace overlies the entire United States. Flights in Class A airspace are conducted under Instrument Flight Rules and are under positive control from the ground. VFR flight is not permitted in Class A airspace.
Class B to Class A Pilot - Increase pilot requirements Instrument rating Communications with ATC Aircraft - Compliance with FAR s Pitot/Static check IFR instruments IFR certification certificate Environment High Altitude systems (cold, O2)
Special Use Airspace Special use airspace types: National Security Areas (NSA) Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFR) Prohibited areas Restricted areas Warning areas Military operations areas (MOA's) Alert areas Victor Airways Military Training Routes
National Security Areas
Temporary Flight Restrictions Added to system by FDC NOTAM. Not depicted on sectionals. May appear with little notice! Some common TFR s Presidential visits and movement. Major sporting events. Check with FSS before flight.
Prohibited Areas Prohibited areas are established for security or other reasons associated with the national welfare. No flight is allowed in Prohibited areas. Prohibited areas are depicted on Sectional charts.
Prohibited Airspace
Exceptions The basic NAS laid out in this talk defines the US Airspace rules. However, just as in grammar there are exceptions (e.g., I before E except after C).
Scenario Based Training Problem Navigation in the US airspace Theme Analyzing potential flight paths Analyzing go/no-go factors Analyzing long distance aerotow hazards
Your club's 2 place was moved to remote airport for display during an airshow. It is now time to bring it back home. The forecast weather for tomorrow is 4 miles visibility 1600 ft overcast Scenario Training
Scenario Based Training List 3 pilot issues List 3 aircraft issues List 3 environment issues List 3 external factors that might influence the pilots decisions
Airspace & Safety Preparation for cross country soaring flight is the essence of the Bronze Badge training program. Cross country soaring requires knowledge of, and participation in, the nation s airspace system. Keep up-to-date on the airspace environment in which you plan to fly.
Scenario Based Training TSA (18.0) Ennis (26.5) Hillsboro (18.5)
Scenario Based Training List medical factors to consider List potential Risks List alternate options List external factors that might influence the pilots decisions
Scenario Based Training GCG (6.9) Joliet (6.9) CGC (7.7) Morris (7.7)