ETCS implementation strategy for international Rail corridors by Dr. Peter Winter, ERTMS Programme Director at UIC Introduction The ETCS concept Actual situation in the various countries European rail corridors concerned by ETCS Examples PBKAL, Rotterdam Genova, Corridor X Conclusions ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 1
From UIC side, the new question Functional and technical requirements for a harmonised European train control system was discussed the first time at a meeting of the Way and Works committee 20.-22. June 1989 in Dresden chaired by Mr. H. Klemm, Director Signalling and Telecom of the former DR. At this time the Frauenkirche, formerly one of the most genius and beautiful churches of Germany, was still in ruins ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 2
Introduction UIC, in co-operation with CER and UNIFE, has elaborated a report Implementing the European Train Control System ETCS, opportunities for European Rail Corridors. UIC has taken this initiative for the benefit of all players involved in the ERTMS development. The aim is to stimulate the decision-making process, for the implementation of ETCS. The focus lies on the next 5 years, which are considered to be especially critical for fully initiating the Europe-wide migration and implementation process. With an implementation process driven purely by national priorities, there is a risk to end up at a European level again with a patchwork of ETCS equipped lines and trains for a long migration period. The realisation of true ETCSbased interoperability requires an integral view over all corridors on which international passenger or freight trains are running. ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 3
The ETCS concept: Potential for cost savings and cost drivers Field for potential of cost savings with ETCS Benefit for train operator Benefit for infrastructure No line-side signals (with ETCS level 2, planned level 3) xxx No track occupancy detection (with planned level 3) xxx Synergy in use of GSM-R (with level 2, planned level 3) xx xx Less maintenance with CC-components in the track x Less hard infrastructure (capacity increase) xx Fewer accidents (better safety) x x Reduced number of international train sets (interoperability) xx Less CC-equipment in the train (inter- and intra-operability) x Lower project costs (standardisation) x x Lower procurement costs (competition) x x Cost drivers Train operator concerned Infrastructure manager concerned Inadequate overall planning x x Sunk costs for premature de-investment of existing CC-systems x x Additional costs for fall back CC-systems to be newly built Retrofit of existing vehicles STM or other parallel equipment for existing CC-systems xx x xx ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 4
The ETCS concept: Possibilities for upgrade and double equipment ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 5
The ETCS concept: Proposal for additional mode Limited Supervision ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 6
Actual situation: Functionalities of existing CC-systems ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 7
Actual situation: extent of existing CC-systems ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 8
Actual situation: Why is ETCS needed in the various countries? Country Interoperability High speed/ High capacity Safety Renewal of signalling Renewal of rolling stock Austria 10 6 5 6 6 Belgium 8 10 8 7 4 Bulgaria 8 5 10 6 4 Czech Republic 8 2 10 4 2 Denmark 8 2 4 2 2 France 6 8 2 4 4 Germany 6 8 2 2 4 Great Britain 2 7 8 7 2 Hungary 8 2 7 8 4 Italy 9 9 7 6 6 Luxembourg 10 2 8 4 6 Netherlands 8 10 7 7 6 Poland 10 8 10 9 6 Romania 8 6 8 8 6 Slovakia 8 6 8 4 2 Slovenia 10 8 10 8 8 Spain 9 8 10 6 7 Serbia 8 8 8 8 8 Sweden 4 8 2 5 6 Switzerland 10 10 2 7 5 Legend: Low = 0, High = 10 ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 9
Actual situation: ETCS projects in operation by end of 2008 Country Project description Track with ETCS [km] Austria ETCS level 1 on the whole A- mainline network. By end of 2008 60 % will be in operation, among other the Austrian part of the Vienna Budapest line. 1 500 33 Belgium ETCS level 2 on the new high-speed lines Antwerp- Dutch border and Liège- German border. ETCS level 1 on the remaining conventional network, by end 2008 50% in operation. 2 500 55 Bulgaria ETCS level 1 on main line Sofia-Plovdiv-Burgas By 2006 -ETCS level 1 on 60 km line Sofia to Serbian border 1 250 25 By 2008 -ETCS level 1 on 160 km line Plovdiv-Svilengrad and probably additional 400 km on other main lines Czechia Proposal for ETCS level 2 pilot application on the Czech part of the corridor Berlin- Prague- Vienna is well advanced 400 <5 France ETCS level 2 on the new high-speed line Paris- East 600 <5 Germany ETCS level 2 on the lines Berlin- Halle/Leipzig and Mannheim- Saarbrücken. 580 <5 ETCS level 1 on the line from Aachen to the Belgian border. Great Britain Cambrian Coast line 220 <5 Hungary ETCS level 1 on Hungarian parts of the corridor Vienna Budapest - Bucharest (420 km), on Hungarian part of 860 11 corridor Milan Ljubljana - Budapest (280 km) and on line Szajol Nyiregyhàza Tracz (160 km). Italy ETCS level 2 on the new high-speed lines Roma- Naples, Florence- Bologna- Milan, Milan-Turin. 1 200 5,4 Luxembourg ETCS level 1 in the whole network. 420 100 Netherlands ETCS level 2 on new lines Amsterdam- Rotterdam- Belgian border (high- speed line south), Rotterdam- Emmerich- German border (Betuwe freight line), Amsterdam- Utrecht (new double track line in parallel to existing one). 640 10 Romania ETCS level 1 on parts of the corridor from Hungarian border Bukarest- Constanta 700 <5 Spain ETCS level 2 on high speed line Madrid- Barcelona- French border, Madrid- Segovia Valladolid, Cordoba- Malaga, Madrid- Valencia 3 000 20 Sweden ETCS level 2 on Botnia line (190 km). ERTMS-Regional pilot line Repbäcken-Malung (134 km) 320 <5 Switzerland ETCS level 2 on new line Bern- Olten and Lötschberg- base tunnel. ETCS level 1 (with Limited Supervision) in the remaining network; by end 2008 25% in operation. 2 000 27 TOTAL 16 190 % of nework ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 10
European rail corridors concerned by ETCS High-speed rail corridors - Madrid to Paris/ Zurich/ Milan - Paris to Luxembourg/ Mannheim/ Zurich - Paris to London/ Bruxelles to Amsterdam/ Cologne - Geneva/ Zurich/ Munich to Naples ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 11
European rail corridors concerned by ETCS Conventional rail corridors - Rotterdam to Milan/ Genova - Antwerp to Basle - Hamburg to Malmö - Berlin to Bukarest and Constanta (Corridor IV) - Milan to Budapest (Corridor V) - Munich/ Budapest to Belgrade Bar/ Thessaloniki/ Istanbul (Corridor X) ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 12
European rail corridors concerned by ETCS: Antennae study for Bombardier international freight loco ETCS LZB (D) ZUB123 (DK) Indusi (D) ZUB121 (CH) LZB (D) Crocodile (F, L) Integra (CH) Phasenwechsel (DK) EVM(H) EVM(H) Phasenwechsel (DK) Integra (CH) Crocodile (F, L) ZUB121 (CH) Indusi (D) ZUB123 (DK) LZB (D) ETCS ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 13
Example of PBKAL Corridor Track length [km] Country CC-System slow migration fast migration Crocodile + KVB 64 0 France Crocodile +KVB+ETCS 0 64 TVM 632 632 Channel, AWS/TPWS 20 20 Great Britain TVM 322 322 Crocodile 36 0 ETCS + E-croc. + E-TBL 196 232 Belgium TBL2 144 0 TBL2+ETCS 0 144 TVM 144 144 ETCS 120 120 ATB 112 0 Netherlands ATB+ETCS 0 112 ETCS 170 170 PZB 78 0 PZB+ETCS 0 78 Germany Crocodile + ETCS 14 14 LZB+PZB 72 0 LZB+PZB+ETCS 0 72 Total Without ETCS 1624 1118 With ETCS 500 1006 If in Belgium and in the Netherlands the ETCS projects are realised as planned until now, international trains will need in addition to ETCS still equipment for all existing CC-sytems. With additional fitment of ETCS on 500 km of tracks, trains will need for the routes between Brussels- Amsterdam and Brussels- Cologne only ETCS. For the routes between Paris, Bruxelles and London the TVM (and ATP/TPWS for UK) are still required. Scenario Onboard equipment for CC-systems 2003 Crocodile, KVB, TVM, ATP/TPWS, TBL2, ATB, PZB, LZB slow migration ETCS, Crocodile, KVB, TVM,ATP/TPWS, TBL2, ATB, PZB, LZB fast migration for Paris Brussels( London): ETCS, TVM (, ATP/TPWS) for Brussels Amsterdam/ Cologne : ETCS ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 14
Example of corridor Rotterdam to Genova Track length [km] Country CC-System slow migration fast migration ATB 50 0 Netherlands ATB + ETCS 0 50 ETCS 321 335 Germany PZB 802 802 LZB+PZB 502 502 Signum+ZUB 0 0 Switzerland Signum + ZUB + ETCS LS 1082 1082 ETCS 160 160 Italy BACC + SCMT 970 0 BACC + SCMT + ETCS 0 970 Total Without ETCS 2 324 1 304 With ETCS 1 563 2 583 If in the Netherlands, Switzerland and Italy the ETCS projects are realised as planned until now, international trains will need ETCS in addition to equipment for all existing CC-systems. With fitment of ETCS on additional 1 000 km of tracks, only ETCS and PZB will be necessary. Scenario Onboard equipment for CC-systems 2003 ATB, PZB, Signum, ZUB 121, BACC, SCMT slow migration ETCS, PZB, BACC, SCMT fast migration ETCS, PZB ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 15
Example of corridor Munich/ Budapest to Belgrade- Bar/ Thessaloniki/ Istanbul (Corridor X) Track length [km] Country CC-System slow migration fast migration Germany PZB 320 320 Austria PZB 260 0 PZB+ETCS 148 408 Slovenia PZB 334 0 PZB + ETCS 0 334 Croatia PZB 678 0 PZB+ETCS 0 678 Hungary EVM 165 135 EVM + ETCS 0 30 not equipped 110 0 PZB 1 850 0 Serbia and Montenegro PZB+ETCS 0 1 960 Bulgaria ETCS 650 650 PZB 201 0 Mazedonia Total PZB+ETCS 0 201 Without ETCS 3 918 455 With ETCS 798 4 261 On this corridor rehabilitation is ongoing or planned on many line sections. ETCS is required for ensuring interoperability, improving safety and improving quality of train operation. The aim is to use only ETCS and PZB equipment on international trains. Railways of Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Serbia Montenegro and Slovenia have agreed a co-operation on expert level for co-ordination the ETCS implementation. Scenario Onboard equipment for CC-systems 2003 ETCS, PZB, EVM, Ebicab slow migration ETCS, PZB, EVM fast migration ETCS,PZB ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 16
Conclusions Within the next 5 years, more than 16 000 track km of ETCS applications will be realised in various countries based on ongoing projects. The investigations for the various corridors show that, especially in western Europe, the CC equipment of corridor-specific international trains will only be simplified with ongoing ETCS implementations, beyond that already planned. For achieving true European interoperability over international rail corridors, further European political and financial support is necessary. For supporting projects, the following priorities could be given: Implementation of ETCS for the improvement of safety. This is very important for countries with lesser safety performance from existing CC-systems. Implementation of ETCS on new high speed/ high density lines. Implementation of ETCS on important corridors, such as described in this report. Investment could be focused as a first priority towards existing CCsystems of limited extent and/or which could mitigate the cost of expensive and complex STMs on- board equipment. Fitting of sufficient vehicles with ETCS Eurocab level 2 or level 1 (capable of being upgraded to level 2) in parallel with trackside development. ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 17
The Frauenkirche in reconstruction, status of work December 2003. ERTMS Conference Leipzig 10.-11. Dec. 2003 P. Winter 18