100 Years of Sustainable Community Development in Central Tokyo: Sustainable CBD Development through PPP in the Tokyo Station Area Tatsuo Nishimoto Urban Development Promotion Department Mitsubishi Estate Co., Ltd.
TOD Placemaking between the Palace & Station Imperial Palace Tokyo Station 1
TOD Placemaking in Tokyo Station Area is. Redevelopment to Maximize Station Hub Potentials Creation of Attractive Place for Vast People, by using advantage of Proximity to the Public Transportation 2
Private Railway Railway Origin & Characteristics of Railway Tokyo Central Station ay ay founded 1914 ay ay National Railway Railway 1904 ay The Central Station for the Emperor ay ay ay ay Not a Terminal ay Built to be The Hub Station on the Loop! ay National Railway Imperial Palace Tokyo Station ay 1904 1945 High Speed High Line & Loop Line ay 3 3
The Public Transportation Hub : Creation of Layers, Network of Railways & Subways 21 Railways & Subways 4
Access to International Airport / Bullet Train 80 min 80 min 60 45 min min Shibuya Roppongi Tokyo Station Direct New Line between 2 Airport, Narita & Haneda is now planning by MLIT (This will save 15 minutes) New Station is expected to be built deep underground level. 45 min 50 min 30 25 min min New Tokyo Station Haneda Airport 5
Various Trains & Subways at the Tokyo Station 6 Shinkansen (Bullet Train) Local Train Narita Airport Express Subway Lines
Transformation to Create Diversity : Since 1998 From Central Business District To Amenity Business Core Open Open to the World Open to Every Business Open to Every People Network Urban Infrastructure Flow of the People GROWing Marunouchi Interactive Valuable Meeting Place New Building on Hub (Large Retail Floor) Non-Office Office 7% 93% Before 26% 74% New Redevelopment is a chance to Reconstruct Property Values Solely functional Business Center to Vibrant Multifunctional Placemaking 7
7:00 9:00 Before Simply CBD Business Worker In here After Diversified CBD Business Worker In here Networking Learning Business Worker Visitor A Day in Marunouhi Housewives Mothers Elders Tourist Inbound& Domestic Weekend Families Couples 12:00 Lunch Time 13:00 Office Hours Lunch Office Hours Lunch Office Hours Outside Marunouchi Shopping Lunch Teatime Sightseeing Lunch Teatime Lunch Teatime 18:00 24:00 Last Train 4:00 First Train Office Hours Business Dinner Go Somewhere else Business Dinner Office Hours Networking Private Dinner Private Time Shopping Visit Art Museum Private Dinner Sight- Seeing Shopping Dinner Drinking Shopping Nice Walk Dinner Various People Come & Go, Cross & Merge That Creates Vibrancy! 8
Diversity Attracts & Magnetize Various People 2002 Simply CBD 2010 Diversified CBD 100,000( 人 / 日 ) 80,000( 人 / 日 ) 60,000( 人 / 日 ) 40,000( 人 / 日 ) x1.34 約 60,500 約 81,000 x2.60 x3.05 約 67,800 約 62,300 20,000( 人 / 日 ) 約 26,100 約 20,400 0( 人 / 日 ) La Folle Journée au Japon Classical Music Festival 金曜日 ( 平日 ) 土曜日日曜日 Weekday Saturday Sunday 81,000 67,800 62,300 visitors/day Tokyo Michiterasu Winter Festival of Light 427,000 visitors (2015) 3days 1,710,000 visitors (2014) 5days 9
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10 Elements for TOD Placemaking 1. Shared Visions & Areal Master Plan Ensure & Realize long-term efforts to reach IDEAL 2. Pedestrian Network Street Level Make it Fun to Walk & Flow, from Station to Station 3. Pedestrian Network Under Ground Level Create layers to connect Railways, Subways & Bldgs 4. Shops & Boutiques / Restaurants 5. Landscaping / Arts & Cultures / Café Attract People, let them Stay, Flow and Come Back 11
6. Bicycle Parking & Community Bicycle Support to move around neighborhood areas 7. Hotels / Halls & Convention, Exhibition Center Vast People from Wide Area gathers at Station Hub 8. Tourist Information Center / Signage International Station Hub needs to be Friendly & Kind 9. Open Spaces for Events Anyone can join Atrium, Public Spaces & Station Front are the Stages 10. Area Management for Safe & Comfort Safe, Clean & Eco are the Qualities to be Loved 12
Unprecedented Public-Private Partnerships Development Method Future Vision Development Local Rules + Tokyo Metropolitan Government + Chiyoda City + East Japan Railway Public & Private Sector Advisory Committee on Area Development (1996) PPP Agreement Development Master Plan City Planning Guidelines (2000) Redevelopment Project Council (1988) Started with 59 Private Landlords & Chiyoda City (now 68 PL & 21 Associates) Area Management Association (2002) Association for Creating Sustainability in Development (2007) Nonprofit Organization Environmental Considerations 13
Layers of Function The City Planning Guidelines Districts Streets Stations 2014 5th Edition 14
Pedestrian Network Master Plan Street Level Tokyo Station 15
Pedestrian Network Master Plan Underground Level Tokyo Station 16
Improvement of Underground Pedestrian Network As a part of Contribution on Redevelopment Project 1950 2000 Now before 1970 2000~ Underground Network develop based on the Guideline 17
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Creation of Vibrancy & Income for Management Advertisements on Walls & Column Retail Store alongside Passage (Run by Subway Company) Events & Fairs (Farmer s Market) Exhibitions (Art Award) 19
Achievement of Phase I (The First Decade) 2007 2005 2002 2007 2003 2004 Yurakucho Station Tokyo Station Let Pedestrians FLOW around disrict! 500 billion Investment (US$5 billion) 6 New Buildings, Renovations & Pedestrian Network 20 20
Achievement of the First Decade Establishing the New Retail Area YURAKUCHO STATION Number of Retailers Before Marunouchi Bldg. (~2002. 9) 60 New Retailers on Main Street since 2000 Mitsubishi Estate investment of 3 billion Marunouchi Bldg. Marunouchi Bldg. (2002. 9) Shin- Marunouchi Bldg TOKYO STATION OAZO OAZO (2004. 9) US$30 million Tokyo Bldg. TOKIA (2005. 11) Shin-Marunouchi Bldg. (2007. 4) 280 430 480 590 740 [ Now 900 ] Total Area ( tsubo) 12,000 17,800 22,000 26,500 31,300 2 Cores in 1 Mall [ Now 35,000 ] 21
6Street Improvements Marunouchi Naka-dori The main street in 1964 22
Street Signage Marunouchi Naka-dori The main street in 2013 Urban Living Room not for passing, Place to Stay 23
Public Road [Chiyoda City] Minimum 4.5m for sidewalk 6m Setback [District Plan] Private Property [Project Site] 24
4 Various Seasonal Events Organized by Local Area Management Street Gardening Show La Folle Journee au Japon Arts Festival Illuminated Streets Street Performers The Pink Ribbon 25
Local Vehicles around Tokyo Station Areal Free Electric Shuttle Bus (Arriving every 15 minutes) Community Bicycle (Run by Chiyoda Ward) Double Decker Sky Bus (Tour Bus around Palace) 26
Adopting FAR Transfer System to earn restoration costs 27 Balancing Contributions & Deregulations Preservation & Restoration Original 1914 Tokyo Station 2012 : Restoration to the Original Post War : Temporary Mended Roof Win-Win Structure for Both Public & Private FAR Seller & Buyer Floor Area Ratio Transfer System
6 Safety + Resilience + Business Continuity Disaster Prevention New Buildings can continue stay safe at any level of the Earthquake Mutual Aid Association at disaster Flood Prevention Plate Seismic Damping Devices Drills for Rescue Emergency Food & Supplies Emergency Pumping Facility Emergency Power Generator 28
On the Day of Great East Japan Earthquake (2011.3.11) Marunouchi is - Not a Place to Evacuate - A Place Escape into The Area provides - Latest Information & News - Stock of Emergency Food & Water - Thermal Sheet & Blanket - Space to take a rest at Underground Passage 29
6Interaction on Public Open Spaces Projection Mapping on Station Building Street Performance at Station Front Temporary Event Alfresco Café on the Street 30
Improvement Plan for the Tokyo Station Square 31 Expected images at the completion 2017 * From the website of the East Japan Railway Company
Private Property open to the Public Street side Alfresco Café 32 Car-Free Day on Public Road Area Management is needed via Deregulations - Buildings - Roads & Sidewalk - Traffic - Health Inspection - Landscaping - Cleaning & Sweeping - Advertisement Income - Project Feasibility 32
Keys to create Active TOD Placemaking Make it Useful, Comfort, Safety & Fun! Draw Connected Layers on Stations Share TOD Master Plan with Public Transportations & Local Government Connect Stations by Infrastructure Improve Public Passage through Redevelopment, Connect Massive Network Let Vast People flow between Stations Let People Come in & Gather, Come out from Buildings, Flow around Create Fun, Magnetize People Magnetize & Attract Various People to visit, Let the Area Management work Innovate Station Hub Development For the Best Practice & Unprecedented TOD Placemaking via PPP 33
Moreover to Maximize TOD Placemaking Values Synergic Co-Creation with Adjacent Areas Extend, Expand and stay Connected Imperial Palace Entertainment Hibiya Diverse Business Area Yurakucho Station Oriented Business Hub Marunouchi The Axis of Japan Gyoko-dori Financial District Otemachi Residences Kanda Old Town Inhabited Cinema Theater Zone Ginza Premier Shopping Area Inbound Tourism Traditional Retailers Bullet Train Coach Station Tokyo Station Yaesu Dense Station Front (Not redeveloped) Tokiwabashi Nihonbashi Historical Commercial District Naka-dori The Main Street Traditional Retailers 34
Sustainable & Infinite with Tokyo Station 35