Zimbabwe Provincial Report Manicaland
ZIMBABWE POPULATION CENSUS 2012 Population Census Office P.O. Box CY342 Causeway Harare Tel: 04-793971-2 04-794756 E-mail: census2012@zimstat.ac.zw
Census Results at a Glance: Manicaland Province Male Population 830 697 Female Population 922 001 Total Population 1 752 698 Average Rate of Natural Increase 2002 2012 (%) 2.3 Average Size of Household 4.2 4
5
Table of Contents Census Results at a Glance: Manicaland Province...4 Table of Contents...6 List of tables...7 List of Figures...12 Foreword...14 Executive Summary...15 Manicaland Province Fact Sheet...18 Chapter 1:...19 Population Size and Structure...19 Chapter 2:...30 Population Distribution and Migration...30 Chapter 3:...39 Household Characteristics...39 Chapter 4:...54 Education...54 Chapter 5:...77 Activity and Labour Force...77 Chapter 6:...111 Fertility...111 Chapter 7:...120 Mortality and Orphanhood...120 Chapter 8:...125 Housing Characteristics...125 Appendices...145 Notations - Magnitude zero (percent) insignificant value NS Not Stated 6
List of tables Table 1.1: Percent Distribution of Population by District and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...22 Table 1.2: Crude Birth and Death Rate and Rate of Natural Increase by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...22 Table 1.3: Percent Composition of Population by Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...23 Table 1.4: Percent Distribution of the Population by District and Marital Status, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...23 Table 1.5: Percent Distribution of the Male Population by Age Group and Marital Status, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...24 Table 1.6: Percent Distribution of the Female Population by Age Group and Marital Status, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...25 Table 1.7: Percent Distribution of the Total Population by Age Group and Marital Status, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...27 Table 1.8: Distribution of Total Population by Broad Age Groups and Ethnicity, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...28 Table 1.9: Distribution of the Urban Population by Broad Age Groups and Ethnicity, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...29 Table 1.10: Percent Distribution of the Rural Population by Broad Age Groups and Ethnicity, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...29 Table 1.11: Distribution of the Total Population by Citizenship, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...29 Table 2.1: Distribution of Population by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...33 Table 2.2: Distribution of the Population for Rural and Urban Districts, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...33 Table 2.3: Population in Urban Centres by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census.34 Table 2.4: Total Population by District of Enumeration and District of Usual Residence, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...34 Table 2.5: Population Not Usually Residing in Manicaland Province by Province of Usual Residence and District of Enumeration, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...36 Table 3.1: Population in Private Households by Number of Households and Average Household Size and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...41 Table 3.2: Distribution of Private Households by Size and Sex of Head of Household Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...41 Table 3.3: Distribution of Private Households by Size and Sex of Head of Household and by District Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...42 Table 3.3: Distribution of Private Households by Size and Sex of Head of Household and by District Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...43 7
Table 3.4 Distribution of Heads of Private Households by Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...46 Table 3.5 Distribution of Heads of Private Households by District, Age Group and Sex Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...46 Table 3.6: Percent Distribution of Population in Collective Households by Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...52 Table 3.7: Distribution of Population in Collective Households by Age Group and Marital Status, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...52 Table 3.8: Population in Private Household by Urban/Rural, Relationship to Head of Household and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...53 Table 4.1: Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 by School Attendance and by Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...57 Table 4.2: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...58 Table 4.3: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by District and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...59 Table 4.4: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by Sex and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...69 Table 4.5: Percent Distribution of Population ever been to school by Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...70 Table 4.6: Population Age 3-24 Years Currently Attending School by Current Level of Education Being Attended and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...70 Table 4.7: Population Age 3-24 Years Currently Attending School by District and Current Level of Education Being Attended and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...71 Table 4.7: Population Age 3-24 Years Currently Attending School by District and Current Level of Education Being Attended and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...72 Table 4.8: Population Age 3-24 years Who Left School by Sex and Age Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...73 Table 4.9: Primary and Secondary School Enrolment for Population Age 3-24 Years Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...74 Table 4.10: Population Age 3+ by Age Group, Sex and Highest Level of Academic Education Completed, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...75 Table 4.11: Literacy Rates for the Population Aged 15+ by Province and by Sex, Manicaland Province Zimbabwe 2012 Census...76 Table 4.12: Literacy Rates for the Population Aged 15+ by District and by Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...76 Table 5.1: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Persons by Sex and Activity, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...83 Table 5.2: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Population by Sex and district, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...84 8
Table 5.3: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Population by Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...85 Table 5.4: Age-Sex-Specific Activity Rates for Age 15+ Years, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...88 Table 5.5: Activity Rates by district for Age 15+ Years, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...89 Table 5.6: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Persons by Activity and district, by Activity and district, Manicaland Province Zimbabwe Census 2012...90 Table 5.6: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Persons by Activity and district, by Activity and district, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe Census 2012...90 Table 5.7: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Persons by Sex and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...91 Table 5.7: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Persons by Sex and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...91 Table 5.8: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Persons by Age Group and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...92 Table 5.10: Percent Distribution of Persons by Employment Status and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...98 Table 5.11: Percent Distribution of Persons with a Disability by Employment Status and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...98 Table 5.12: Unemployment by district, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...99 Table 5.13: Percent Distribution of Children (10-14 years) by Employment Status and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...99 Table 5.14: Percent Distribution of Economically Inactive Population by Activity and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...100 Table 5.15: Percent Distribution of Economically Inactive Population by Activity and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...101 Table 5.16: Percent Distribution of Economically Inactive Population by Activity and Sector, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...102 Table 5.17: Percent Distribution of Economically Inactive Population by Sex Age Group and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...104 Table 5.18: Occupational Classification by Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census... 107 Table 5.19: Occupational Classification by district, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census108 Table 5.20: Communal Farmers as a Percentage of Employed Persons by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...109 Table 5.21: Persons With A Disability by Occupational Classification and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...110 Table 6.1: Fertility Rates by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...116 Table 6.2: Total Fertility Rate by Level of Education of Mothers, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...116 Table 6.3: Total Fertility Rate by Marital Status, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census... 116 9
Table 6.4: Percent Distribution of Women by Current Age, by Age at First Live Birth, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...117 Table 6.5: Percent Distribution of Women by Current Age, by Age at First Live Birth for Rural and Urban, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...118 Table 6.6: Percent Distribution of Women by Age at First Live Birth, Current Age and Level of Education, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...119 Table 7.1 Infant Mortality Rates by Sex and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...123 Table 7.1(b) Infant Mortality Rates by Sex and urban/rural, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...123 Table 7.2: Infant Mortality Rates by Level of Education of Mother, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...123 Table 7.3: Crude Death Rates by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census... 124 Table 7.4: Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...124 Table 7.5: Percent Distribution of Orphans by Type of Orphanhood Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...124 Table 8.1: Percent Distribution of Households by Tenure Status and District: Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2002 Census...128 Table 8.2: Percent Distribution of Households by District and Type of Dwelling Unit: Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...128 Table 8.3: Percent Distribution of Households in Dwelling Units With Electricity by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...129 Table 8.4: Percent Distribution of Households by Main Source of Water for Drinking and cooking and by Distance (metres) to the source, Harare Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...130 Table 8.5: Percent Distribution of Households by Main Source of Water for Drinking and Cooking and Distance (metres) to the Source, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...131 Table 8.5b: Percent Distribution of Households by Main Source of Water for Drinking and Cooking and by Distance (metres) to the Source, Manicaland Province Zimbabwe 2012 Census...132 Table 8.6: Percent Distribution of Households by District, Type of Toilet Facility Mostly Used by the Household, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...143 Table 8.7: Percent Distribution of Households by District, Source of Energy Mainly Used by Households for Cooking, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...144 Table A1.1: Distribution of Population by Sex in Districts and Wards, Total number of Households in Districts and Wards, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...145 Table A1.2: Population Distribution by District Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...154 Table A4.1: Distribution of Population Age 3+ by School Attendance by Sex Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...160 Table A4.3: Population Age 3-24 Currently at School by Single Age and Sex Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe Population Census 2012...162 10
Table A4.4: Population Age 3+ by Age Group, Sex and Highest Level of Education Completed, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...163 Table A6.1 Number of Women, Children Ever Born, Births in the Last 12 Months, Average Parities and ASFR by Age Group, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...164 Table A6.2 Number of Women, Children Ever Born, Births in the Last 12 Months, Average Parities and ASFR by Urban/Rural Residence, Buhera Zimbabwe 2012 Census...164 Table A6.8: Number of Women, Children Ever Born, Births in the Last 12 Months, Average Parities and ASFR by Level of Education of Mother, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census... 169 Table A7.3: Number of Orphans by Type of Orphanhood, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census...178 11
List of Figures Figure 1.1. Population Pyramid (percent), Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Figure 1.2: Sex Ratio (Males per 100 Females by Age Group) Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Figure 2.1: Population Distribution by District; Manicaland Province: Zimbabwe 2012 Census Figure 2.2: Percent Distribution of Population by Urban/Rural, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Figure 5.1: Labour Force Framework Figure 5.2: Economically Active Persons by Sex and Activity, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Figure 5.3: Age/Sex - Specific Activity Rates, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Figure 5.4: Economically Inactive Persons by Sex and Activity, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Figure 6.2: TFR by Level of Education of Mother, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Figure 6.3: TFR by Marital Status, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Figure 6.4: Median Age at First Live Birth, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Figure 6.5:AFLB by Level of Education of Mother, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census 12
13
Foreword This Provincial Report is one of a series of reports being prepared by the Zimbabwe National Statistics Agency (ZimStat) based on the final results of the 2012 Population Census. In preparing this Provincial Report, ZimStat seeks to put at the disposal of users detailed data which will assist in evidence - based policy formulation and administration, research and overall development planning.. The Provincial Report provides more details of the census findings that were summarized in the National Report. Further reports on the results of the census will be published in the form of a population census atlas as well thematic analysis reports. We would like to thank the following development partners and donors for their financial, material and technical assistance:- Australian Agency for International Development, Danish International Development Agency, United Kingdom Department for International Development, European Union, Swedish International Development Agency, United Nations Development Programme, United Nations Children s Fund and United Nations Population Fund. ZimStat is appreciative of the funding and material provisions availed to the office by the Government of Zimbabwe. ZimStat would also like to thank all persons who were engaged in 2012 Population Census operations and the general public for its cooperation. Director-General, Zimbabwe National Statistics Agency Harare, October, 2013 14
Executive Summary This profile summarizes the main findings of the 2012 Census for Manicaland Province. In most cases attempts have been made to provide highlights at both the district and provincial levels. It is believed that the information provided will meet the demands of most users. However, detailed and more specific information is available at ZimStat. Population Size and Structure The total population of the province was 1 752 698. There were 830 697 males and 922 001 females. This is very close to the initial figure of 1 755 001 released in the preliminary report in December, 2012. It should be recalled that the earlier figures were compiled manually at the census districts immediately after the census count, and were therefore subject to clerical errors. The sex ratio in the province was nearly 90. Urban and Rural Population The population in this province was mostly rural with only 17 percent of the total found in urban areas. All districts in the province have an urban area. Private and Collective Households During the census a distinction was made between private and collective households. The latter included persons who were staying in institutions of all types and constituted a population of 1 percent in the whole province. There were 410 082 private households with an average size of 4.2 persons per household. The largest proportion of households (18 percent) was in the four person household size category while out of all households about 85 percent had at most 6 persons. Fifty-eight percent of the households were headed by males. Marital Status The population in Manicaland Province was relatively young with 44 percent age below 15 years and about 3 percent age 65 years and above. It was further observed that 15 about 26 percent of the population had never married. This large proportion was probably due to the presence of a high percentage of young population. However, females seemed to have entered into such unions at much younger ages than the males. Around 59 percent of the population was currently married, while about 7 percent were either divorced/separated or widowed. As expected, proportionately more females than males were widowed. The same is also the case for those who were divorced/ separated. Ethnic Origin and Citizenship Persons of African origin made up almost the entire population while those of non- African ethnic origin accounted for a negligible 0.23 percent. Citizens of Zimbabwe constituted nearly the whole population and far less than 1 percent were citizens of other countries. Citizens of Mozambique and Malawi constituted 30 and 10 percent respectively of the non Zimbabweans. Education and Literacy Census information on education revealed that about 12 percent of the population age 3-24 years had never been to school. However, percent of these were below 6 years of age and many of them likely to start school later. Sixty two percent of the population was currently attending school. The proportion of the population age 3-24 years that had left school at the census time was 26 percent. Of the total female population age 3-24 years, 30 percent had left school while the proportion for males was 24 percent. Activity and Labour-force Activity and labour force focused on the population age at least 15 years and this constituted 56 percent of the total population. Out of these, around 69 percent were in the labour force. The proportion of those in the labour force who were unemployed was about 6 percent. Two percent of children age 10-14 years was economically active.
The proportion of those not in the labour force who were students was 44 percent, homemakers 36 percent, and retired/sick/too old 20 percent. Out of those who were employed, the highest proportions (60 percent) were engaged in agriculture related occupations, followed by services (16 percent). Housing Conditions Information on housing conditions in the province showed that 73 percent of the households lived in their own dwelling units, either as owners or purchasers. The proportion of lodgers was 10 percent. With regard to the type of dwelling units, it was observed that about 67 percent of the households in the province lived in traditional type of dwelling units, while a relatively small percentage (28) occupied dwelling units which were modern. The proportion of households not using electricity in the province was 60 percent. The proportion of households occupying dwelling units without electricity ranged between 62 percent in Makoni and 79 percent in Chipinge. This excludes Mutare Urban where 81 percent of households have access to electricity and Rusape with 8480 percent of households having access to electricity. With regard to the source of water for drinking and cooking, 74 percent of households had access to safe water, i.e. either piped or from boreholes/protected wells. The remaining 22 percent relied on relatively unsafe water from unprotected wells, rivers, streams and dams. It was further noted that 28 percent of the households had water on their premises, while 35 percent had water within a distance of less than 500 metres. Nine percent had to cover more than one kilometre for their water. It was further noted that households in Mutare Urban and Rusape were better off than those in the rural districts both in terms of the quality of water and the distance to the source. 16 Information on the type of toilet facility mainly used by the household in the province indicated that a sizeable proportion (20 percent) of the households had no toilet facility at all. The proportion of households without any toilet facility was highest in Buhera (50 percent) and lowest in Mutasa (6 percent). This observation excludes Mutare Urban and Rusape. About 15 percent of the households mainly used flush toilets, 29 percent blair toilets and 29 percent pit latrines. The proportion of households which mostly used flush toilets in Buhera was about 2 percent, compared with 85 percent in Rusape. With regard to the type of energy mainly used for cooking, it was observed that 81 percent of the households in the province used wood, while about 15 percent of them used either paraffin or electricity. Less than one percent of the households used gas, coal and other forms of energy. Disparities were observed among the districts. Fertility Estimates of the level of fertility and mortality were made using the data from the census, mainly applying direct methods. In addition estimates of crude death rate, infant and maternal mortality rate, were made using direct techniques. The rate of natural increase was also calculated using direct estimates of both the birth and death rates. It was observed that the total fertility rate for the province was about 4.3 children per woman. It was further noted that this level seemed to vary with level of education of mothers. Mortality The infant mortality rate was estimated at 69 deaths per 1000 births for 2012. The rate was generally higher for males than for females in all districts. It was also higher in rural than in urban areas. In addition, the level of infant mortality seems to indicate a decline with increasing level of education of mothers. The level of maternal mortality was also estimated using the data on reported deaths
in the last 12 months before the census. The maternal mortality ratio was 505 deaths from maternal causes per 100 000 live births. There were wide variations among districts. The average rate of natural increase for the whole province was 2.3 percent in 2011/2012. This growth rate is the difference between fertility and mortality and does not take into account any growth due to migration. De-facto Count Finally, it should be remembered that this report is based on the population which was enumerated in the province. However, not every person who was enumerated at a particular place was a usual resident there. Four percent of the population enumerated in Manicaland Province usually resided outside the province. 17
Manicaland Province Fact Sheet Population Size Total 1 752 698 Males 830 697 Females 922 001 Sex Ratio Sex Ratio (Males/ 100 Females) 90 Urban Population Population in Urban Areas 296 559 Percent 17 Population in Rural Areas 1 456 139 Percent 83 Age Composition/ Percent Under 15years 44 15 64 63 65+ years 3 Marital Status (Population Age 15years and Above) Percent Never Married 26 Percent Married 59 Percent Divorced/ Separated 4 Percent Widowed 9 Economically Inactive Percent Students 44 Percent Home Makers 36 Percent Retired/ Sick/ Too Old 20 Housing Conditions Percent of Households With Electricity 37 With Safe water 74 With Toilet facilities 76.8 Source of Energy Percent of Households Using Wood for Cooking 81 Fertility Crude Birth Rate (Direct Method) (Births/ 1000 Population) 33 Total Fertility Rate (Direct Method) 4.3 Mortality (Direct Methods) Crude Death Rate 10.3 Infant Mortality Rate 69 Maternal Mortality Ratio 505 Growth Rate of Natural Increase 2.3 Households Number of Private Households 410082 Average Household Size 4.2 Percent Male Headed Households 58 Education for Population Age 3-24 years Percent Never been to School 12 Percent Currently at School 62 Percent Left School 26 Ethnicity Percent African Origin 99 Citizenship Percent Zimbabwean 99 Activity and Labour Force Economically Active Percent Employed 94 Percent Unemployed 6 18
Manicaland Province Chapter 1 Population Size and Structure Chapter 1: Population Size and Structure Introduction This chapter looks at the population size and structure of Manicaland Province. The analysis is based on the population as enumerated with reference to the census night that is August 17/18, 2012. Population Size Manicaland Province had a total population of 1 752 698 people out of the population of From Table 1.1 it can be observed that sex ratio varied among districts. The sex ratios were 90 or above in five districts and less than 90 in the other five districts. The sex ratio was highest in Makoni district (96) and lowest in Chipinge Urban district (84). Rate of Natural Increase Estimates of the rates of natural increase for the province and districts are presented in Table 1.2. These rates were calculated from the crude birth and death rates which were obtained using the direct method. The crude birth and death rates were obtained by dividing the number of births and deaths Zimbabwe of 13 061 239. The proportion of male and female population was 47 and 53 percent respectively see Table 1.1. This resulted in a sex ratio of 90. Sex ratio is the average number of males per 100 females. Therefore a ratio above 100 indicates an excess of males over females while a ratio below 100 depicts the opposite. Appendix A1.1 shows the distribution of the population by district, ward and sex. The distribution of the population by district, 5 year age-groups and sex is shown in AppendixA1.2. Chipinge s population constituted about 17 percent of the population in the province whilst Rusape and Chipinge Urban contributed less than 2 percent each. respectively in the last twelve months as reported by the total population. Detailed discussions on the crude birth and death rates are presented in subsequent chapters on fertility and mortality respectively. The average rate of natural increase for the whole province was 2.3 percent for the period September 2012 to August 2012. Chipinge Urban and Rusape had the highest rates of natural increase of 4.2 percent and Buhera had the lowest rate of natural increase of 3.0 percent. This rate of natural increase is the difference between the level of fertility and mortality and does not take account of any growth due to migration. Information on migration movements between provinces will be available after the completion of data 19
Manicaland Province Chapter 1 Population Size and Structure processing for all the provinces and analysis will be undertaken accordingly. Age-Sex Structure The composition of population by age group and sex is presented in Table 1.3. The 0-4, 5-9 and 10-14 years age groups had the highest proportions of the population each with over 16 percent. The 70-74 years age group had the least proportion (1,2 percent). It can further be observed that the proportion of the young population, that is those age under 15 years, was 44 percent while that of the population age 65 years and above was about 3 percent. The age-sex structure of a population can be displayed by use of a population pyramid. This has been done using data from Table 1.3 and is shown in Figure 1.1. It can be observed that the pyramid is broad-based and narrow at the top. This emphasises the fact that this population was young since a sizeable proportion of the population belonged to the younger age groups. The sex ratios by age are also shown in Table 1.3 and in Figure 1.2. The number of males exceeded that of females for the 10-14 and 15-19 age groups. Females were more than males in all the other age groups. Current Marital Status Table 1.4 reveals that a large proportion (60 percent) of the population age 15 years and above in the province were in the " married" category, while 26 percent were in the "never married" group. Similar patterns were observed in all the districts. It is observed from Tables 1.5b and 1.6b that about 37 and 17 percent of the males and females respectively had never married, while 57 and 61 percent respectively were married. Proportions of divorced/separated persons were relatively smaller for males than for females. From Tables 1.5a and 1.6a it can be observed that for those who were married, less than 1 percent of the males compared to about 8 percent of the females were under 20 years of age. This disparity is further depicted in Tables 1.5b and 1.6b, where the percentages of those who were married in the 15-19 years age group were about 2 for males and about 27 percent for females. In the case of those who were divorced/ separated, 71 percent of the males compared with 72 percent of the females were age 20-44 years as shown in Tables 1. 5a and 1. 6a. Again, a look at Tables 1. 5b and 1. 6b reveals that the percentages of persons in this marital category and in the age groups 20
Manicaland Province Chapter 1 Population Size and Structure in this age range were relatively smaller for males than for females. Comparisons within age groups can be made using the same two tables. From age 45 years upwards, the proportions for males 2 percent and 4 percent in all age groups, while those for females ranged from 2 percent in the 75+ years age range to 6 percent in the 45-54 years age group. Widowers made up about 2 percent of the male population, while widows were about 9 percent of the female population. Comparisons between age groups show that there were relatively higher proportions of widows than widowers in the older age groups, see Tables 1.5b and 1.6b. This phenomenon should be expected when female mortality is lower than that of males. Ethnicity It can be observed from Table 1.8 that almost all of the population in Manicaland Province was of African ethnic origin. A negligible percent (less than 1 per cent) accounted for persons of European, Asiatic and Mixed origin. The age distribution of the population of African ethnic origin was the same as for the whole population. The proportion of the population age 65 years and above was higher for persons of non- African ethnic origin than for African origin see Table 1.9 and 1.10 Citizenship The distribution of the population by country of citizenship is presented in Table 1.11. It can be observed that the majority, about 99 percent of the population in the province, was made up of Zimbabweans. About 30 and 10 percent of the non- Zimbabweans were Mozambicans and Malawians, respectively. Conclusion Manicaland province had a total population of 1 752 698 people. Sex ratio for Manicaland was about 90. The majority of the people in this province lived in Chipinge and were Zimbabweans of African origin. 21
Manicaland Province Chapter 1 Population Size and Structure Table 1.1: Percent Distribution of Population by District and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District Male Female Percent Number Percent Sex Ratio Buhera 46.4 53.6 100.0 245878 14.0 87.0 Chimanimani 48 52 100.0 134940 7.7 92.0 Chipinge Rural 46.2 53.8 100.0 298841 17.1 86.0 Makoni 49 51 100.0 272340 15.5 96.0 Mutare Rural 48 52 100.0 262124 15.0 92.0 Mutasa 47.1 52.9 100.0 168747 9.6 89.0 Nyanga Rural 47.8 52.2 100.0 126599 7.2 91.0 Mutare Urban 47.2 52.8 100.0 187621 10.7 90.0 Rusape 47.2 52.8 100.0 30316 1.7 89.0 Chipinge Urban 45.6 54.4 100.0 25292 1.4 84.0 Total 47.4 52.6 100.0 1752698 100.0 90.0 Table 1.2: Crude Birth and Death Rate and Rate of Natural Increase by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District Crude Birth Rate Crude Death Rate Rate of Natural Increase (per 1000) (per 1000) (percent) Buhera 32.8 9.6 2.3 Chimanimani 32.0 9.7 2.2 Chipinge 34.2 9.6 2.5 Makoni 31.1 12.7 1.8 Mutare Rural 36.0 11.7 2.4 Mutasa 32.8 11.4 2.1 Nyanga Rural 32.8 9.5 2.3 Mutare 33.4 7.8 2.6 Rusape 35.6 7.9 2.8 Chipinge 36.3 8.8 2.7 Total 33.4 10.3 2.3 22
Manicaland Province Chapter 1 Population Size and Structure Table 1.3: Percent Composition of Population by Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Age Group Male Female Total Sex Ratio 0-4 8.0 8.1 16.0 98.7 5-9 7.0 7.0 14.0 99.3 10-14 7.0 6.9 14.0 101.5 15-19 5.6 5.3 10.8 105.7 20-24 3.7 4.5 8.1 81.9 25-29 3.4 4.2 7.6 79.8 30-34 2.9 3.5 6.3 83.8 35-39 2.4 2.8 5.2 87.6 40-44 1.8 1.9 3.7 92.2 45-49 1.1 1.4 2.6 79.6 50-54 1.0 1.8 2.8 55.0 55-59 0.8 1.3 2.2 63.0 60-64 0.7 1.2 1.9 63.3 65-69 0.6 0.9 1.4 69.8 70-74 0.5 0.7 1.2 77.9 75 + 0.8 1.1 2.0 73.8 NS 0.1 0.1 0.2 84.5 Total 47.4 52.6 100.0 90.1 Table 1.4: Percent Distribution of the Population by District and Marital Status, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District Never Married Married Divorced/ separated Widowed Not Stated Total Number Buhera 25.8 59.6 3.2 10.3 1.1 100.0 127892 Chimanimani 25.8 60.1 4.7 8.3 1.1 100.0 76075 Chipinge Rural 24.5 60.1 4.3 9.5 1.5 100.0 156471 Makoni 26.7 57.4 4.6 10.4 1.0 100.0 154430 Mutare Rural 24.8 61.3 4.3 8.7 1.0 100.0 142883 Mutasa 26.0 59.2 4.1 9.8 1.0 100.0 97381 Nyanga Rural 25.5 59.8 4.0 9.7 0.9 100.0 72560 Mutare Urban 31.5 57.2 4.7 5.6 0.9 100.0 120063 Rusape 28.5 59.8 5.2 5.7 0.8 100.0 19320 Chipinge Urban 29.2 59.6 5.1 5.4 0.8 100.0 15302 Manicaland 26.4 59.3 4.3 9.0 1.1 100.0 982377 23
Manicaland Province Chapter 1 Population Size and Structure Table 1.5: Percent Distribution of the Male Population by Age Group and Marital Status, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Age Group Never Married Married Divorced/ separated Widowed Not Stated Total 15-19 55.3 0.8 1.5 0.4 56.2 21.8 20-24 26.9 7.1 8.0 0.7 9.4 14.4 25-29 10.4 15.6 17.4 2.2 3.8 13.3 30-34 3.7 16.6 18.7 3.8 2.2 11.4 35-39 1.6 14.7 15.3 6.4 1.5 9.5 40-44 0.8 11.0 11.4 7.1 1.2 7.0 45-49 0.4 7.0 7.4 6.9 0.5 4.5 50-54 0.3 6.0 5.6 9.0 0.7 3.8 55-59 0.2 5.2 3.9 7.7 0.4 3.3 60-64 0.1 4.6 3.0 9.1 0.6 2.9 65-69 0.1 3.6 2.3 8.9 0.3 2.3 70-74 0.1 3.2 2.2 10.4 0.4 2.1 75 + 0.1 4.6 3.1 27.0 1.2 3.3 NS 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 21.6 0.4 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 166231 255650 9849 8549 5720 445999 24
Manicaland Province Chapter 1 Population Size and Structure (b) Age Group Never Married Married Divorced/ separated Widowed Not Stated Total Number 15-19 94.4 2.1 0.2 * 3.3 100.0 97318 20-24 69.7 28.1 1.2 0.1 0.8 100.0 64166 25-29 29.2 67.2 2.9 0.3 0.4 100.0 59246 30-34 12.0 83.4 3.6 0.6 0.3 100.0 50720 35-39 6.1 88.9 3.5 1.3 0.2 100.0 42385 40-44 4.1 90.1 3.6 1.9 0.2 100.0 31257 45-49 3.3 89.8 3.7 3.0 0.2 100.0 19852 50-54 2.8 89.3 3.2 4.5 0.2 100.0 17146 55-59 2.0 90.7 2.6 4.5 0.1 100.0 14686 60-64 1.8 89.7 2.3 5.9 0.3 100.0 13103 65-69 1.4 88.9 2.1 7.3 0.2 100.0 10412 70-74 1.3 86.8 2.3 9.4 0.3 100.0 9446 75 + 1.4 80.2 2.1 15.8 0.5 100.0 14600 NS 10.0 13.7 0.8 1.3 74.2 100.0 1662 Total 37.3 57.3 2.2 1.9 1.3 100.0 445999 Table 1.6: Percent Distribution of the Femal e Population by Age Group and Marital Status, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Age Group Never Married Married Divorced/ separated Widowed Not Stated Total 15-19 68.4 7.5 4.9 0.2 42.2 17.2 20-24 17.0 17.3 15.1 0.7 7.6 14.6 25-29 6.1 18.7 18.3 1.8 4.0 13.8 30-34 2.9 15.1 16.4 3.9 3.4 11.3 35-39 1.8 11.4 13.1 6.5 1.8 9.0 40-44 1.1 7.3 8.9 7.7 1.8 6.3 45-49 0.6 5.1 5.8 7.4 1.0 4.7 50-54 0.6 5.9 6.1 11.9 1.5 5.8 55-59 0.4 4.0 3.8 10.7 1.1 4.3 60-64 0.3 3.1 2.9 11.5 1.7 3.9 65-69 0.2 2.0 1.9 9.4 1.4 2.8 70-74 0.2 1.3 1.1 9.3 1.3 2.3 75 + 0.3 1.2 1.5 18.7 2.8 3.7 NS 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 28.5 0.4 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 93132 327003 31916 79480 4847 536378 25
Manicaland Province Chapter 1 Population Size and Structure (b) Age Group Never Married Married Divorced/ separated Widowed Not Stated Total Number 15-19 69.2 26.7 1.7 0.1 2.2 100.0 92033 20-24 20.3 72.4 6.2 0.7 0.5 100.0 78338 25-29 7.6 82.3 7.9 2.0 0.3 100.0 74276 30-34 4.4 81.5 8.6 5.2 0.3 100.0 60523 35-39 3.4 77.1 8.7 10.6 0.2 100.0 48409 40-44 3.0 70.2 8.4 18.2 0.3 100.0 33883 45-49 2.2 66.7 7.4 23.5 0.2 100.0 24949 50-54 1.8 61.4 6.2 30.3 0.2 100.0 31149 55-59 1.5 56.5 5.2 36.5 0.2 100.0 23311 60-64 1.5 49.4 4.5 44.2 0.4 100.0 20715 65-69 1.4 43.9 4.1 50.2 0.5 100.0 14917 70-74 1.5 33.9 3.0 61.1 0.5 100.0 12132 75 + 1.6 20.3 2.4 75.0 0.7 100.0 19775 NS 5.2 12.4 1.9 10.4 70.1 100.0 1968 Total 17.4 61.0 6.0 14.8 0.9 100.0 536378 26
Manicaland Province Chapter 1 Population Size and Structure Table 1.7: Percent Distribution of the Total Population by Age Group and Marital Status, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Age Group Never Married Married Divorced/ separated Widowed Not Stated Total 15-19 60.0 4.6 4.1 0.2 49.8 19.3 20-24 23.4 12.8 13.4 0.7 8.6 14.5 25-29 8.8 17.3 18.1 1.9 3.9 13.6 30-34 3.4 15.7 16.9 3.9 2.8 11.3 35-39 1.6 12.9 13.6 6.5 1.6 9.2 40-44 0.9 8.9 9.5 7.7 1.4 6.6 45-49 0.5 5.9 6.2 7.3 0.7 4.6 50-54 0.4 5.9 6.0 11.6 1.1 4.9 55-59 0.2 4.5 3.8 10.4 0.7 3.9 60-64 0.2 3.8 3.0 11.3 1.1 3.4 65-69 0.1 2.7 2.0 9.4 0.8 2.6 70-74 0.1 2.1 1.4 9.4 0.8 2.2 75 + 0.2 2.7 1.9 19.5 1.9 3.5 NS 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 24.7 0.4 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 259363 582653 41765 88029 10567 982377 27
Manicaland Province Chapter 1 Population Size and Structure (b) Age Group Never Married Married Divorced/ separated Widowed Not Stated Total Number 15-19 82.2 14.1 0.9 0.1 2.8 100.0 189351 20-24 42.5 52.4 3.9 0.4 0.6 100.0 142504 25-29 17.2 75.6 5.7 1.2 0.3 100.0 133522 30-34 7.9 82.4 6.4 3.1 0.3 100.0 111243 35-39 4.7 82.6 6.3 6.3 0.2 100.0 90794 40-44 3.5 79.8 6.1 10.4 0.2 100.0 65140 45-49 2.7 77.0 5.8 14.4 0.2 100.0 44801 50-54 2.2 71.3 5.1 21.2 0.2 100.0 48295 55-59 1.7 69.8 4.2 24.1 0.2 100.0 37997 60-64 1.6 65.0 3.7 29.4 0.3 100.0 33818 65-69 1.4 62.4 3.3 32.6 0.3 100.0 25329 70-74 1.4 57.0 2.7 38.5 0.4 100.0 21578 75 + 1.5 45.7 2.3 49.9 0.6 100.0 34375 NS 7.4 13.0 1.4 6.2 72.0 100.0 3630 Total 26.4 59.3 4.3 9.0 1.1 100.0 982377 Table 1.8: Distribution of Total Population by Broad Age Groups and Ethnicity, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Age Group Ethnic Origin 0-14 15-49 50-64 65+ Not Stated Total % Total African 768502 895227 119590 80792 1599 1746120.0 99.6 European 209 712 290 328 7 1256.0 0.1 Asiatic 96 649 111 48 6 799.0 * Mixed Race 174 347 72 56 2 579.0 * Other 10 21 7 6 0 37.0 * Not Stated 1330 509 40 52 2016 3907.0 0.2 Total 770321 897465 120110 81282 3630 1752698.0 100.0 28
Manicaland Province Chapter 1 Population Size and Structure Table 1.9: Distribution of the Urban Population by Broad Age Groups and Ethnicity, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Age Group Ethnicity 0-14 15-49 50-64 65+ Not Stated Total Number Total African 36.9 60.9 5 2 0.1 100.0 294162 99.2 European 10.1 54.7 25.4 35 0.2 100.0 602 0.2 Asiatic 12.2 80 14.5 6.9 0.9 100.0 671 0.2 Mixed Race 28.5 60.8 12.6 10.2 0.4 100.0 452 0.2 Other 46.7 46.7 13.3 6.7 0 100.0 15 * Not Stated 33.9 15.4 0.9 0.6 50.1 100.0 657 0.2 Total 36.8 60.8 5.1 2.1 0.2 100.0 296559 100.0 Table 1.10: Percent Distribution of the Rural Population by Broad Age Groups and Ethnicity, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Age Group Ethnicity 0-14 15-49 50-64 65+ Not Stated Total Number Total African 45.4 49.3 7.2 5.1 0.1 100.0 1451958 99.7 European 22.6 58.6 20.9 17.9 0.9 100.0 654 * Asiatic 10.9 87.5 10.9 1.6 0 100.0 128 * Mixed Race 35.4 56.7 11.8 7.9 0 100.0 127 * Other 13.6 63.6 22.7 22.7 0 100.0 22 * Not Stated 34.1 12.6 1 1.5 51.9 100.0 3250 0.2 Total 45.4 49.2 7.2 5.1 0.2 100.0 1456139 100.0 Table 1.11: Distribution of the Total Population by Citizenship, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Citizenship Number Percent Zimbabwean 1728665 98.6 Botswana 104 * Malawi 2329 0.1 Mozambique 7352 0.4 South Africa 488 * Zambia 524 * Other African Countries 3871 0.2 United Kingdom 234 * Other European Countries 80 * American Countries 43 * Asian Countries 452 * Other Countries 90 * Not Stated 8466 0.5 Total 1752698 100.0 29
Manicaland Province Chapter 2 Population Distribution and Migration Chapter 2: Population Distribution and Migration Introduction Population distribution is important for planning purposes as information is disaggregated to geographic subdivisions such as provinces, districts and wards. Another dimension of the distribution is between urban and rural areas. Also, of great interest are the factors which account for the redistribution of population in a country, province and/or district. Redistribution can occur as a result of internal migration, resettlement, geographic boundary changes, etc. In this chapter, an analysis of population distribution on the basis of the 2012 Population Census is made. In addition to this, an attempt is made to come up with a measure of the extent of urbanisation and provide an insight into migration patterns. Urban, Rusape and Chipinge Urban see Fig. 2.1 Table 2.1 shows population size for the province. Chipinge had the largest proportion of the population in the province (17 percent). This was followed by Makoni (16 percent), Mutare Rural (15 percent), Buhera (14 percent) and Mutare Urban (11 percent). Rusape (about 2 percent) and Chipinge Rural (1 percent) see Fig 2.2. Rural and Urban Population According to the 2012 Population Census, the definition of an urban area was based on the following criteria; i) designated urban areas ii) places which had all the following characteristics were also defined as urban areas - 2 500 inhabitants or more - a compact settlement pattern Population Size and Distribution According to the 2012 Population Census, Manicaland Province had a population of 1 752 698 persons. Manicaland Province is divided into ten Census Districts, and these are Buhera, Chimanimani, Chipinge Rural, Makoni, Mutare Rural, Mutasa, Nyanga, Mutare 30 - the majority (more than 50 percent) of the employed persons engaged in nonagricultural occupations Table 2.2 shows that all districts had an urban component. Mutare Urban s population of 187 621 represented the largest proportion of the province s urban population (63 percent) while Rusape had 10 percent see Table 2.3. About 17 percent of
Manicaland Province Chapter 2 Population Distribution and Migration the total population in the province was living in the urban area. See Fig 2.2 Migration In the 2012 Census, information was solicited through questions on i) place of enumeration, ii) place of birth and iii) place of residence in August 2002 Caution must be taken when interpreting migration data between the two censuses. In Table 2.4, the enumerated population is presented by main place of usual residence. It should be cautioned that "the usual place of residence" figures are for the population that was enumerated in the province. Buhera Of the enumerated population, 95 percent usually resided in the same district. About 1 percent was from the other districts within the same province, another 4 percent from other provinces with Masvingo and Harare being the major contributors. Chimanimani In Chimanimani district, about 94 percent of the enumerated population usually lived in the same district. About 4 percent was from other districts within the same province,2 percent from other provinces with Harare being the main contributor. A very small proportion came from other countries. Chipinge Approximately 96 percent of the enumerated population usually resided in the same district while 1 percent usually resided in other districts within the same province. About 2 percent was from other provinces and the main contributor was Masvingo. A small proportion (0,6 percent) came from other countries. Makoni In Makoni district, about 92 percent of the enumerated population usually lived in the same district. About 3 percent was from other districts within the same province, 5percent from other provinces with Mashonaland East and Harare being the main contributors. A very small proportion came from other countries. Mutare Rural About 92 percent of the enumerated population usually resided in the same district. Five percent usually resided in other districts while 3 percent and a negligible proportion were from other provinces and countries respectively. Mutasa Ninety- one percent of the enumerated population usually resided in the same district while 4 percent usually resided in 31
Manicaland Province Chapter 2 Population Distribution and Migration other districts, another 4 percent in other provinces. Nyanga About 93 percent of the enumerated population usually resided in the same district, 3 percent usually resided in other districts and 4 percent in other provinces. Rusape Urban Eighty-five percent of the enumerated population usually resided in the same district, 9 percent in other districts in the same province and 6 percent in other provinces. Mutare Urban About 88 percent of the population enumerated in Mutare Urban usually resided in the same district, 7 percent in other districts in the same province and 5 percent in other provinces. Table 2.5 shows that 64 641 persons counted in Manicaland province usually resided in other provinces and of these, 37 percent resided in Harare, 13 percent in Masvingo and 12 percent in Mashonaland East. Conclusion About 17 percent of the population in Manicaland Province resided in urban areas. There was a sizeable movement of people from district to district and also from other provinces. About 4 percent of the population enumerated in Manicaland Province usually resided in other provinces and the main contributor was Harare. Overall, approximately 93 percent of the population enumerated in the province usually resided there. 32
Manicaland Province Chapter 2 Population Distribution and Migration Table 2.1: Distribution of Population by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District Total Population Percent Buhera 245878 14.0 Chimanimani 134940 7.7 Chipinge Rural 298841 17.1 Makoni 272340 15.5 Mutare Rural 262124 15.0 Mutasa 168747 9.6 Nyanga Rural 126599 7.2 Mutare Urban 187621 10.7 Rusape 30316 1.7 Chipinge Urban 25292 1.4 Total 1752698 100.0 Table 2.2: Distribution of the Population for Rural and Urban Districts, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District Urban Rural Total Number Buhera 2.8 97.2 100.0 245878 Chimanimani 5.1 94.9 100.0 134940 Chipinge Rural 2.5 97.5 100.0 298841 Makoni 5.9 94.1 100.0 272340 Mutare Rural 3.0 97.0 100.0 262124 Mutasa 1.7 98.3 100.0 168747 Nyanga Rural 5.2 94.8 100.0 126599 Mutare Urban 99.2 0.8 100.0 187621 Rusape 100.0 0.0 100.0 30316 Chipinge Urban 99.7 0.3 100.0 25292 Total 16.9 83.1 100.0 1752698 33
Manicaland Province Chapter 2 Population Distribution and Migration Table 2.3: Population in Urban Centres by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District Total Population Percent Buhera 6999 2.4 Chimanimani 6815 2.3 Chipinge Rural 7528 2.5 Makoni 16131 5.4 Mutare Rural 7832 2.6 Mutasa 2916 1.0 Nyanga Rural 6600 2.2 Mutare Urban 186208 62.8 Rusape 30316 10.2 Chipinge Urban 25214 8.5 Total 296559 100.0 Table 2.4: Total Population by District of Enumeration and District of Usual Residence, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Residing in Same District Residing in Other Manicaland District Residing in Other Provinces Residing in Other Countries District Total Buhera 233993 2438 9059 388 245878 Chimanimani 126323 5015 3188 414 134940 Chipinge Rural 287787 3442 5941 1671 298841 Makoni 249571 7421 14798 550 272340 Mutare Rural 240398 12260 8753 713 262124 Mutasa 154210 7014 6730 793 168747 Nyanga Rural 117161 3935 5211 292 126599 Mutare Urban 165260 13142 8367 852 187621 Rusape 25654 2797 1747 118 30316 Chipinge Urban 22140 2151 847 154 25292 Total 1622497 59615 64641 5945 1752698 34
Manicaland Province Chapter 2 Population Distribution and Migration (b) District Residing in Same District Residing in Other Manicaland District Residing in Other Provinces Residing in Other Countries Total Number Buhera 95.2 1.0 3.7 0.2 100.0 245878 Chimanimani 93.6 3.7 2.4 0.3 100.0 134940 Chipinge Rural 96.3 1.2 2.0 0.6 100.0 298841 Makoni 91.6 2.7 5.4 0.2 100.0 272340 Mutare Rural 91.7 4.7 3.3 0.3 100.0 262124 Mutasa 91.4 4.2 4.0 0.5 100.0 168747 Nyanga Rural 92.5 3.1 4.1 0.2 100.0 126599 Mutare Urban 88.1 7.0 4.5 0.5 100.0 187621 Rusape 84.6 9.2 5.8 0.4 100.0 30316 Chipinge Urban 87.5 8.5 3.3 0.6 100.0 25292 Total 92.6 3.4 3.7 0.3 100.0 1752698 35
Manicaland Province Chapter 2 Population Distribution and Migration Table 2.5: Population Not Usually Residing in Manicaland Province by Province of Usual Residence and District of Enumeration, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District of Enumeration Province of Usual Residence Buhera Chimanimani Chipinge Rural Makoni Mutare Rural Mutasa Nyanga Rural Mutare Urban Rusape Chipinge Urban Total Mashonaland Central 223 170 149 581 361 259 164 328 105 23 2363 Mashonaland East 1196 226 271 2949 857 552 658 898 322 54 7983 Mashonaland West 459 130 169 832 392 355 309 405 118 27 3196 Matabeleland North 46 55 35 86 104 54 30 51 15 12 488 Matabeleland South 86 69 67 108 96 68 55 68 17 12 646 Midlands 745 192 338 515 436 298 212 556 205 67 3564 Masvingo 1245 562 1983 686 701 527 263 1771 134 289 8161 Harare 3535 129 1007 7362 2998 3168 2464 2750 511 196 24120 Bulawayo 303 96 96 503 318 283 150 462 52 36 2299 Not Known 491 302 835 576 653 334 262 521 56 66 4096 Invalid 730 1257 991 600 1837 832 644 557 212 65 7725 Total 9059 3188 5941 14798 8753 6730 5211 8367 1747 847 64641 36
Manicaland Province Chapter 2 Population Distribution and Migration Province of Usual Residence Buhera Chimanimani Chipinge Rural Makoni District of Enumeration Mutare Rural Mutasa Nyanga Rural Mutare Urban Rusape Chipinge Urban Mashonaland Central 2.5 5.3 2.5 3.9 4.1 3.8 3.1 3.9 6.0 2.7 3.7 Mashonaland East 13.2 7.1 4.6 19.9 9.8 8.2 12.6 10.7 18.4 6.4 12.3 Mashonaland West 5.1 4.1 2.8 5.6 4.5 5.3 5.9 4.8 6.8 3.2 4.9 Matabeleland North 0.5 1.7 0.6 0.6 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.4 0.8 Matabeleland South 0.9 2.2 1.1 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.0 Midlands 8.2 6.0 5.7 3.5 5.0 4.4 4.1 6.6 11.7 7.9 5.5 Masvingo 13.7 17.6 33.4 4.6 8.0 7.8 5.0 21.2 7.7 34.1 12.6 Harare 39.0 4.0 17.0 49.7 34.3 47.1 47.3 32.9 29.3 23.1 37.3 Bulawayo 3.3 3.0 1.6 3.4 3.6 4.2 2.9 5.5 3.0 4.3 3.6 Not Known 5.4 9.5 14.1 3.9 7.5 5.0 5.0 6.2 3.2 7.8 6.3 Invalid 8.1 39.4 16.7 4.1 21.0 12.4 12.4 6.7 12.1 7.7 12.0 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 9059 3188 5941 14798 8753 6730 5211 8367 1747 847 64641 Total 37
Manicaland Province Chapter 2 Population Distribution and Migration Province of Usual Residence Buhera Chima nimani Chipinge Rural Makoni District of Enumeration Mutare Rural Mutasa Nyanga Rural Mutare Urban Rusape Chipinge Urban Total Number Mashonaland Central 9.4 7.2 6.3 24.6 15.3 11.0 6.9 13.9 4.4 1.0 100.0 2363 Mashonaland East 15.0 2.8 3.4 36.9 10.7 6.9 8.2 11.2 4.0 0.7 100.0 7983 Mashonaland West 14.4 4.1 5.3 26.0 12.3 11.1 9.7 12.7 3.7 0.8 100.0 3196 Matabeleland North 9.4 11.3 7.2 17.6 21.3 11.1 6.1 10.5 3.1 2.5 100.0 488 Matabeleland South 13.3 10.7 10.4 16.7 14.9 10.5 8.5 10.5 2.6 1.9 100.0 646 Midlands 20.9 5.4 9.5 14.5 12.2 8.4 5.9 15.6 5.8 1.9 100.0 3564 Masvingo 15.3 6.9 24.3 8.4 8.6 6.5 3.2 21.7 1.6 3.5 100.0 8161 Harare 14.7 0.5 4.2 30.5 12.4 13.1 10.2 11.4 2.1 0.8 100.0 24120 Bulawayo 13.2 4.2 4.2 21.9 13.8 12.3 6.5 20.1 2.3 1.6 100.0 2299 Not Known 12.0 7.4 20.4 14.1 15.9 8.2 6.4 12.7 1.4 1.6 100.0 4096 Invalid 9.4 16.3 12.8 7.8 23.8 10.8 8.3 7.2 2.7 0.8 100.0 7725 Total 14.0 4.9 9.2 22.9 13.5 10.4 8.1 12.9 2.7 1.3 100.0 64641 38
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics Chapter 3: Household Characteristics Introduction This chapter presents household characteristics of the population in Manicaland Province. Distinction was made between private households and collective/institutional ones. The latter included persons who were staying in hotels, hostels, holiday camps, hospitals and prisons. For census purposes, a private household was defined as a group of persons who stayed the census night together, i.e. Friday night of August 17/18, in a dwelling unit, whether or not they were related by blood or marriage. For example, visitors who were not usual members of the household, but were present during the census night, were included. On the other hand, usual members of the household who normally live there, but had spent the census night elsewhere were excluded since they would have been counted at the place where they stayed that particular night. However, those who were temporarily absent on the census night but would be returning to the household in the morning of 18 August 2012 were counted in their usual households. It should be realised that in a census situation a household was not the same as a family. The type of households which were covered included: (a) (b) (c) (d) one-person household; nuclear households whose composition was entirely singlefamily nucleus; extended household which consisted of single-family nucleus and other persons related to the nucleus, and composite household made up of at least single-family nucleus plus other persons who may or may not be related to the nucleus The head of the household was defined as that member of the household who was 39 regarded as such by those who stayed the census night with the household and was either male or female. She/he must have stayed the census night in the household or had returned on the morning of the 18th August 2012, and had not been counted elsewhere. Private Households The demographic characteristics of the population in private households did not deviate from those of the total population as given in Chapter I and are, therefore, not presented here. Table 3.1 shows the total population in private households by number of private households, average household size and by district. There were 410 082 private households in the province. These households constituted a population of 1 732 193 persons, resulting in an average household size of about 4.2 persons. The remainder of the population (20 505 persons) was in collective households. Table 3.1 also shows that private households in Chipinge Rural constituted about 16 percent of the total number of households, while those in Chipinge Urban constituted the least (less than 2 percent). Tables 3.2a and b present the distribution of private households in the province by size of household and sex of the head of the household. The largest proportion of the households (18 percent) was in the fourperson household size category while the lowest proportion (about 7 percent) was in the seven-person household size category. About 85 percent of the total households in the province had 6 persons at most as shown in Table 3.2a. There were more male-headed households than female-headed ones in the province as shown in Table 3.2b. Fifty-eight percent of the private households were headed by males. The proportions of maleheaded households ranged from 48 to 66 percent, while those for females ranged from 34 to 52 percent considering each household size category. Table 3.3a-j shows the number and size of private households by sex of the head of the
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics household for the districts. The proportion of one- person households ranged between 9 and 16 percent of the households in the districts. The proportion in each household size category in all districts generally increased up to households with 4 persons and then declined thereafter. Eighty-one to 91 percent of the total households in the districts had 6 persons at most. Table 3.4 presents the distribution of heads of private households by age group and sex. About 50 percent of the households were headed by persons below 40 years of age. The proportions of male-headed households were higher than those of female-headed households for each age group except the under-15 and the 50-54 year age ranges. There were marked differences in the proportions between male and femaleheaded households from age 15 years onwards. The proportions of male-headed households ranged from 48 to 66 percent, while those of female headed households ranged from 35 to 52 percent. Tables 3.5a to j show the distribution of the heads of private households by age and sex in all districts in Manicaland. In Mutare Urban and Chipinge Urban male headed households accounted for 70 and 62 percent respectively while in the rest of the districts male headed households accounted for 51 to 61percent of the total households. Collective households The total population of 20 505 persons in collective households constituted 1.2 percent of the total population in the province. The distribution of the collective household population by broad age groups and sex for the province is shown in Table 3.7. About 15 percent of the collective household population was under 15 years of age and about 4 percent was age 65 years and above. Males constituted 56 percent of the total population in collective households even though they only out-numbered females in the 15-64 year age group Table 3.7 shows that 27 percent of the population in collective households in the province had never married, while 51 percent were married, about 3 percent were divorced or separated and another 4 percent were widowed. Living Arrangements Most household members in Manicaland are related to the head of household (Table 3.8). Of the 1 732 193 persons living in private households less than 2 percent were not related to the head. Of the parents living with the head of households, 86 percent were females. The number of female parents relative to male parents may be reflective of the older age of widows compared with widowers. Conclusion Manicaland Province had an average household size of 4.2 persons. There were more male headed private households than female-headed ones. In collective household, there were more males than females. 40
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics Table 3.1: Population in Private Households by Number of Households and Average Household Size and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Households District Population Number Percent Average Household Size Buhera 244995 56178 13.7 4.4 Chimanimani 133591 32578 7.9 4.1 Chipinge Rural 295610 64675 15.8 4.6 Makoni 269967 63158 15.4 4.3 Mutare Rural 255937 57683 14.1 4.4 Mutasa 166402 41884 10.2 4.0 Nyanga 124787 32207 7.9 3.9 Mutare Urban 186246 47004 11.5 4.0 Rusape 29757 8015 2.0 3.7 Chipinge Urban 24901 6700 1.6 3.7 Total 1732193 410082 100.0 4.2 Table 3.2: Distribution of Private Households by Size and Sex of Head of Household Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Household Size Number of Households Headed by: Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 1 30008 12.6 19000 11.1 49008 12.0 2 25734 10.8 28283 16.5 54017 13.2 3 37393 15.7 33138 19.3 70531 17.2 4 40922 17.1 30895 18.0 71817 17.5 5 36546 15.3 23235 13.6 59781 14.6 6 27398 11.5 15502 9.0 42900 10.5 7 17518 7.3 9413 5.5 26931 6.6 8+ 23170 9.7 11927 7.0 35097 8.6 Total 238689 100.0 171393 100.0 410082 100.0 41
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics (b) Household Size Number of Households Headed by: Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 1 30008 61.2 19000 38.8 49008 100.0 2 25734 47.6 28283 52.4 54017 100.0 3 37393 53.0 33138 47.0 70531 100.0 4 40922 57.0 30895 43.0 71817 100.0 5 36546 61.1 23235 38.9 59781 100.0 6 27398 63.9 15502 36.1 42900 100.0 7 17518 65.0 9413 35.0 26931 100.0 8+ 23170 66.0 11927 34.0 35097 100.0 Total 238689 58.2 171393 41.8 410082 100.0 Table 3.3: Distribution of Private Households by Size and Sex of Head of Household and by District Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Buhera Household Size Number of Households Headed by: Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 1 2679 9.3 2220 8.1 4899 8.7 2 2748 9.6 4521 16.5 7269 12.9 3 4371 15.2 5441 19.8 9812 17.5 4 4987 17.4 5254 19.1 10241 18.2 5 4615 16.1 3985 14.5 8600 15.3 6 3775 13.1 2693 9.8 6468 11.5 7 2400 8.4 1569 5.7 3969 7.1 8+ 3136 10.9 1784 6.5 4920 8.8 Total 28711 100.0 27467 100.0 56178 100.0 (b) Chimanimani 1 3178 16.0 1604 12.6 4782 14.7 2 2124 10.7 2133 16.7 4257 13.1 3 3114 15.7 2424 19.0 5538 17.0 4 3232 16.3 2253 17.7 5485 16.8 5 2914 14.7 1668 13.1 4582 14.1 6 2093 10.6 1095 8.6 3188 9.8 7 1397 7.0 660 5.2 2057 6.3 8+ 1778 9.0 911 7.1 2689 8.3 Total 19830 100.0 12748 100.0 32578 100.0 42
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics Table 3.3: Distribution of Private Households by Size and Sex of Head of Household and by District Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (c) Chipinge Rural 1 3931 10.8 2916 10.3 6847 10.6 2 2964 8.1 4090 14.5 7054 10.9 3 4730 13.0 5140 18.2 9870 15.3 4 5678 15.6 5147 18.2 10825 16.7 5 5772 15.8 4117 14.6 9889 15.3 6 4830 13.2 2781 9.9 7611 11.8 7 3520 9.7 1759 6.2 5279 8.2 8+ 5042 13.8 2258 8.0 7300 11.3 Total 36467 100.0 28208 100.0 64675 100.0 (d) Makoni Household Size Number of Households Headed by: Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 1 4640 12.9 2614 9.6 7254 11.5 2 3972 11.1 4182 15.3 8154 12.9 3 5690 15.9 5153 18.9 10843 17.2 4 6247 17.4 5026 18.4 11273 17.8 5 5479 15.3 3843 14.1 9322 14.8 6 3873 10.8 2576 9.4 6449 10.2 7 2571 7.2 1664 6.1 4235 6.7 8+ 3377 9.4 2251 8.2 5628 8.9 Total 35849 100.0 27309 100.0 63158 100.0 (e) Mutare Rural 1 3657 11.3 2172 8.6 5829 10.1 2 3192 9.8 3915 15.5 7107 12.3 3 4876 15.0 4651 18.4 9527 16.5 4 5508 17.0 4476 17.7 9984 17.3 5 4825 14.9 3632 14.4 8457 14.7 6 4044 12.5 2564 10.2 6608 11.5 7 2624 8.1 1681 6.7 4305 7.5 8+ 3701 11.4 2165 8.6 5866 10.2 Total 32427 100.0 25256 100.0 57683 100.0 43
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics Table 3.3: Distribution of Private Households by Size and Sex of Head of Household and by District Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (f) Mutasa Household Number of Households Headed by: Size Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 3 4013 16.4 3554 20.5 7567 18.1 4 4274 17.4 3040 17.5 7314 17.5 5 3718 15.2 2150 12.4 5868 14 6 2554 10.4 1354 7.8 3908 9.3 7 1470 6 754 4.3 2224 5.3 8+ 1925 7.8 1003 5.8 2928 7 Total 24530 100 17354 100 41884 100 (g) Nyanga Household Size Number of Households Headed by: Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 1 2865 15.2 1989 14.9 4854 15.1 2 2187 11.6 2603 19.5 4790 14.9 3 3032 16.1 2795 20.9 5827 18.1 4 3314 17.6 2332 17.4 5646 17.5 5 2881 15.3 1578 11.8 4459 13.8 6 2009 10.7 966 7.2 2975 9.2 7 1153 6.1 519 3.9 1672 5.2 8+ 1395 7.4 589 4.4 1984 6.2 Total 18836 100.0 13371 100.0 32207 100.0 (h) Mutare Urban 1 4086 12.4 2188 15.6 6274 13.3 2 4251 12.9 2559 18.3 6810 14.5 3 5882 17.8 2798 20.0 8680 18.5 4 6057 18.4 2423 17.3 8480 18.0 5 5086 15.4 1622 11.6 6708 14.3 6 3434 10.4 1066 7.6 4500 9.6 7 1920 5.8 606 4.3 2526 5.4 8+ 2291 6.9 735 5.3 3026 6.4 Total 33007 100.0 13997 100.0 47004 100.0 44
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics (j) Chipinge Urban Household Number of Households Headed by: Size Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 1 605 14.6 465 18.2 1070 16.0 2 583 14.1 500 19.5 1083 16.2 3 796 19.2 538 21.0 1334 19.9 4 737 17.8 396 15.5 1133 16.9 5 562 13.6 294 11.5 856 12.8 6 372 9.0 183 7.1 555 8.3 7 234 5.7 87 3.4 321 4.8 8+ 251 6.1 97 3.8 348 5.2 Total 4140 100.0 2560 100.0 6700 100.0 45
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics Table 3.4 Distribution of Heads of Private Households by Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Number of Households Headed by: Percent of Households Headed by: Age Group Males Females Total Males Females Total Percent < 15 1364 1400 2764 49.3 50.7 100.0 0.7 15-19 6787 6523 13310 51.0 49.0 100.0 3.2 20-24 16762 13939 30701 54.6 45.4 100.0 7.5 25-29 32560 18543 51103 63.7 36.3 100.0 12.5 30-34 35850 18873 54723 65.5 34.5 100.0 13.3 35-39 33352 18404 51756 64.4 35.6 100.0 12.6 40-44 25726 14676 40402 63.7 36.3 100.0 9.9 45-49 16589 11691 28280 58.7 41.3 100.0 6.9 50-54 14606 15564 30170 48.4 51.6 100.0 7.4 55-59 12937 12287 25224 51.3 48.7 100.0 6.2 60-64 11657 11464 23121 50.4 49.6 100.0 5.6 65-69 9318 8582 17900 52.1 47.9 100.0 4.4 70-74 8416 7476 15892 53.0 47.0 100.0 3.9 75 + 12579 11752 24331 51.7 48.3 100.0 5.9 NS 186 219 405 45.9 54.1 100.0 0.1 Total 238689 171393 410082 58.2 41.8 100.0 100.0 Table 3.5 Distribution of Heads of Private Households by District, Age Group and Sex Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Buhera Percent of Households Headed Number of Households Headed by: by: Age Group Males Females Total Males Females Total Percent < 15 336 313 649 51.8 48.2 100.0 1.2 15-19 1234 1212 2446 50.4 49.6 100.0 4.4 20-24 1505 2198 3703 40.6 59.4 100.0 6.6 25-29 2857 2781 5638 50.7 49.3 100.0 10.0 30-34 3591 2984 6575 54.6 45.4 100.0 11.7 35-39 3743 2896 6639 56.4 43.6 100.0 11.8 40-44 2920 2135 5055 57.8 42.2 100.0 9.0 45-49 1876 1613 3489 53.8 46.2 100.0 6.2 50-54 1937 2387 4324 44.8 55.2 100.0 7.7 55-59 1844 2031 3875 47.6 52.4 100.0 6.9 60-64 1744 1785 3529 49.4 50.6 100.0 6.3 65-69 1644 1627 3271 50.3 49.7 100.0 5.8 70-74 1383 1298 2681 51.6 48.4 100.0 4.8 75 + 2087 2197 4284 48.7 51.3 100.0 7.6 NS 10 10 20 50.0 50.0 100.0 0.0 Total 28711 27467 56178 51.1 48.9 100.0 100.0 46
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics (b) Chimanimani Number of Households Headed by: Percent of Households Headed by: Age Group Males Females Total Males Females Total Percent 15-19 514 494 1008 51 49 100 3.1 20-24 1485 1053 2538 58.5 41.5 100 7.8 25-29 2898 1308 4206 68.9 31.1 100 12.9 30-34 3033 1377 4410 68.8 31.2 100 13.5 35-39 2812 1357 4169 67.5 32.5 100 12.8 40-44 2186 1110 3296 66.3 33.7 100 10.1 45-49 1328 872 2200 60.4 39.6 100 6.8 50-54 1179 1169 2348 50.2 49.8 100 7.2 55-59 996 938 1934 51.5 48.5 100 5.9 60-64 936 932 1868 50.1 49.9 100 5.7 65-69 731 609 1340 54.6 45.4 100 4.1 70-74 679 537 1216 55.8 44.2 100 3.7 75 + 936 829 1765 53 47 100 5.4 NS 45 71 116 38.8 61.2 100 0.4 Total 19830 12748 32578 60.9 39.1 100 100 47
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics (c) Chipinge Number of Households Headed by: Percent of Households Headed by: Age Group Males Females Total Males Females Total Percent < 15 183 233 416 44.0 56.0 100.0 0.6 15-19 850 1048 1898 44.8 55.2 100.0 2.9 20-24 2443 2537 4980 49.1 50.9 100.0 7.7 25-29 4669 3337 8006 58.3 41.7 100.0 12.4 30-34 5336 3223 8559 62.3 37.7 100.0 13.2 35-39 5407 2984 8391 64.4 35.6 100.0 13.0 40-44 4219 2307 6526 64.6 35.4 100.0 10.1 45-49 2471 1649 4120 60.0 40.0 100.0 6.4 50-54 2346 2842 5188 45.2 54.8 100.0 8.0 55-59 2038 2043 4081 49.9 50.1 100.0 6.3 60-64 2211 1988 4199 52.7 47.3 100.0 6.5 65-69 1374 1275 2649 51.9 48.1 100.0 4.1 70-74 1250 1111 2361 52.9 47.1 100.0 3.7 75 + 1645 1583 3228 51.0 49.0 100.0 5.0 NS 25 48 73 34.2 65.8 100.0 0.1 Total 36467 28208 64675 56.4 43.6 100.0 100.0 (d) Makoni < 15 203 213 416 48.8 51.2 100.0 0.7 15-19 1232 871 2103 58.6 41.4 100.0 3.3 20-24 2595 1779 4374 59.3 40.7 100.0 6.9 25-29 4431 2454 6885 64.4 35.6 100.0 10.9 30-34 4614 2502 7116 64.8 35.2 100.0 11.3 35-39 4485 2601 7086 63.3 36.7 100.0 11.2 40-44 3443 2216 5659 60.8 39.2 100.0 9.0 45-49 2447 1918 4365 56.1 43.9 100.0 6.9 50-54 2109 2623 4732 44.6 55.4 100.0 7.5 55-59 2067 2142 4209 49.1 50.9 100.0 6.7 60-64 1919 2177 4096 46.9 53.1 100.0 6.5 65-69 1725 1636 3361 51.3 48.7 100.0 5.3 70-74 1768 1654 3422 51.7 48.3 100.0 5.4 75 + 2789 2496 5285 52.8 47.2 100.0 8.4 NS 22 27 49 44.9 55.1 100.0 0.1 Total 35849 27309 63158 56.8 43.2 100.0 100.0 48
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics (e) Mutare Rural Number of Households Headed by: Percent of Households Headed by: Age Group Males Females Total Males Females Total Percent < 15 197 171 368 53.5 46.5 100.0 0.6 15-19 870 1081 1951 44.6 55.4 100.0 3.4 20-24 2291 2272 4563 50.2 49.8 100.0 7.9 25-29 4522 2713 7235 62.5 37.5 100.0 12.5 30-34 4847 2688 7535 64.3 35.7 100.0 13.1 35-39 4282 2513 6795 63.0 37.0 100.0 11.8 40-44 3200 2071 5271 60.7 39.3 100.0 9.1 45-49 2173 1784 3957 54.9 45.1 100.0 6.9 50-54 1970 2217 4187 47.1 52.9 100.0 7.3 55-59 1843 1750 3593 51.3 48.7 100.0 6.2 60-64 1642 1754 3396 48.4 51.6 100.0 5.9 65-69 1369 1309 2678 51.1 48.9 100.0 4.6 70-74 1152 1095 2247 51.3 48.7 100.0 3.9 75 + 2054 1826 3880 52.9 47.1 100.0 6.7 NS 15 12 27 55.6 44.4 100.0 0.0 Total 32427 25256 57683 56.2 43.8 100.0 100.0 (f) Mutasa < 15 151 128 279 54.1 45.9 100.0 0.7 15-19 785 580 1365 57.5 42.5 100.0 3.3 20-24 1688 1233 2921 57.8 42.2 100.0 7.0 25-29 3106 1531 4637 67.0 33.0 100.0 11.1 30-34 3398 1682 5080 66.9 33.1 100.0 12.1 35-39 3112 1862 4974 62.6 37.4 100.0 11.9 40-44 2495 1563 4058 61.5 38.5 100.0 9.7 45-49 1855 1316 3171 58.5 41.5 100.0 7.6 50-54 1589 1623 3212 49.5 50.5 100.0 7.7 55-59 1378 1401 2779 49.6 50.4 100.0 6.6 60-64 1294 1288 2582 50.1 49.9 100.0 6.2 65-69 1096 945 2041 53.7 46.3 100.0 4.9 70-74 1030 823 1853 55.6 44.4 100.0 4.4 75 + 1537 1359 2896 53.1 46.9 100.0 6.9 NS 16 20 36 44.4 55.6 100.0 0.1 Total 24530 17354 41884 58.6 41.4 100.0 100.0 49
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics (g) Nyanga Number of Households Headed by: Percent of Households Headed by: Age Group Males Females Total Males Females Total Percent < 15 140 151 291 48.1 51.9 100.0 0.9 15-19 599 470 1069 56.0 44.0 100.0 3.3 20-24 1342 922 2264 59.3 40.7 100.0 7.0 25-29 2523 1407 3930 64.2 35.8 100.0 12.2 30-34 2866 1424 4290 66.8 33.2 100.0 13.3 35-39 2527 1466 3993 63.3 36.7 100.0 12.4 40-44 1960 1169 3129 62.6 37.4 100.0 9.7 45-49 1353 925 2278 59.4 40.6 100.0 7.1 50-54 1143 1305 2448 46.7 53.3 100.0 7.6 55-59 1057 961 2018 52.4 47.6 100.0 6.3 60-64 869 819 1688 51.5 48.5 100.0 5.2 65-69 696 682 1378 50.5 49.5 100.0 4.3 70-74 709 591 1300 54.5 45.5 100.0 4.0 75 + 1040 1063 2103 49.5 50.5 100.0 6.5 NS 12 16 28 42.9 57.1 100.0 0.1 Total 18836 13371 32207 58.5 41.5 100.0 100.0 (h) Mutare Urban < 15 51 77 128 39.8 60.2 100.0 0.3 15-19 490 496 986 49.7 50.3 100.0 2.1 20-24 2582 1269 3851 67.0 33.0 100.0 8.2 25-29 5841 1992 7833 74.6 25.4 100.0 16.7 30-34 6396 2002 8398 76.2 23.8 100.0 17.9 35-39 5446 1910 7356 74.0 26.0 100.0 15.6 40-44 4163 1548 5711 72.9 27.1 100.0 12.2 45-49 2466 1230 3696 66.7 33.3 100.0 7.9 50-54 1862 1079 2941 63.3 36.7 100.0 6.3 55-59 1432 819 2251 63.6 36.4 100.0 4.8 60-64 872 553 1425 61.2 38.8 100.0 3.0 65-69 577 385 962 60.0 40.0 100.0 2.0 70-74 380 295 675 56.3 43.7 100.0 1.4 75 + 416 332 748 55.6 44.4 100.0 1.6 NS 33 10 43 76.7 23.3 100.0 0.1 Total 33007 13997 47004 70.2 29.8 100.0 100.0 50
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics (i) Rusape Number of Households Headed by: Percent of Households Headed by: Age Group Males Females Total Males Females Total Percent < 15 17 10 27 63.0 37.0 100.0 0.3 15-19 106 131 237 44.7 55.3 100.0 3.0 20-24 441 342 783 56.3 43.7 100.0 9.8 25-29 956 556 1512 63.2 36.8 100.0 18.9 30-34 921 565 1486 62.0 38.0 100.0 18.5 35-39 781 435 1216 64.2 35.8 100.0 15.2 40-44 614 326 940 65.3 34.7 100.0 11.7 45-49 360 247 607 59.3 40.7 100.0 7.6 50-54 282 172 454 62.1 37.9 100.0 5.7 55-59 172 106 278 61.9 38.1 100.0 3.5 60-64 90 78 168 53.6 46.4 100.0 2.1 65-69 68 75 143 47.6 52.4 100.0 1.8 70-74 33 43 76 43.4 56.6 100.0 0.9 75 + 47 32 79 59.5 40.5 100.0 1.0 NS 4 5 9 44.4 55.6 100.0 0.1 Total 4892 3123 8015 61.0 39.0 100.0 100.0 (j) Chipinge Urban < 15 14 12 26 53.8 46.2 100.0 0.4 15-19 107 140 247 43.3 56.7 100.0 3.7 20-24 390 334 724 53.9 46.1 100.0 10.8 25-29 757 464 1221 62.0 38.0 100.0 18.2 30-34 848 426 1274 66.6 33.4 100.0 19.0 35-39 757 380 1137 66.6 33.4 100.0 17.0 40-44 526 231 757 69.5 30.5 100.0 11.3 45-49 260 137 397 65.5 34.5 100.0 5.9 50-54 189 147 336 56.3 43.8 100.0 5.0 55-59 110 96 206 53.4 46.6 100.0 3.1 60-64 80 90 170 47.1 52.9 100.0 2.5 65-69 38 39 77 49.4 50.6 100.0 1.1 70-74 32 29 61 52.5 47.5 100.0 0.9 75 + 28 35 63 44.4 55.6 100.0 0.9 NS 4-4 100.0 0.0 100.0 0.1 Total 4140 2560 6700 61.8 38.2 100.0 100.0 51
Manicaland Province Chapter 3 Household Characteristics Table 3.6: Percent Distribution of Population in Collective Households by Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Broad Age Group Male Female Total Number Percent 0-14 45.7 54.3 100.0 3151 15.4 15-49 59.1 40.9 100.0 16597 80.9 50-64 43.9 56.1 100.0 1903 9.3 65+ 29.2 70.8 100.0 729 3.6 Not Stated 71.4 28.6 100.0 28 0.1 Total Percent 56.0 44.0 100.0-100.0 Total Persons 11483 9022-20505 - Table 3.7: Distribution of Population in Collective Households by Age Group and Marital Status, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Age Groups Never Married Married Divorced/ separated Widowed Not Stated Total 0-4 - - - - 1089 1089 5-9 - - - - 911 911 10-14 - - - - 1151 1151 15-19 2318 303 9 3 1 2634 20-24 1948 944 57 4 1 2954 25-29 682 1651 98 15 7 2453 30-34 235 1772 100 45 7 2159 35-39 118 1548 74 74 5 1819 40-44 55 1371 54 109 5 1594 45-49 46 915 35 80 5 1081 50-54 23 711 38 116 11 899 55-59 23 464 22 79 5 593 60-64 24 283 12 85 7 411 65-69 18 178 14 76 0 286 70-74 12 124 6 59 2 203 75 + 24 110 9 96 1 240 NS 4 3 1 2 18 28 Total 5530 10377 529 843 3226 20505 % Total 27.0 50.6 2.6 4.1 15.7 100.0 52
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 3.8: Population in Private Household by Urban/Rural, Relationship to Head of Household and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Rural Relationship to Head of Household Male Percent Female Percent Total Percent Head 188652 27.6 146626 19.3 335278 23.3 Spouse 10670 1.6 146555 19.3 157225 10.9 Son/daughter 296096 43.4 264705 34.9 560801 38.9 Parent 905 0.1 5485 0.7 6390 0.4 Grandson/daughter 93266 13.7 87717 11.6 180983 12.6 Brother/sister 17004 2.5 14548 1.9 31552 2.2 Other relative 62123 9.1 83539 11.0 145662 10.1 Not relative 12331 1.8 7406 1.0 19737 1.4 Not Stated 1545 0.2 1727 0.2 3272 0.2 Total 682592 100.0 758308 100.0 1440900 100.0 (b) Urban Relationship to Head of Household Male Percent Female Percent Total Percent Head 50037 36.6 24767 16.0 74804 25.7 Spouse 1674 1.2 37718 24.4 39392 13.5 Son/daughter 52973 38.8 51004 33.0 103977 35.7 Parent 216 0.2 1194 0.8 1410 0.5 Grandson/daughter 7642 5.6 7750 5.0 15392 5.3 Brother/sister 5453 4.0 5000 3.2 10453 3.6 Other relative 16024 11.7 22345 14.4 38369 13.2 Not relative 2175 1.6 4512 2.9 6687 2.3 Not Stated 428 0.3 381 0.2 809 0.3 Total 136622 100.0 154671 100.0 291293 100.0 ( c) Total Relationship to Head of Household Male Percent Female Percent Total Percent Head 238689 29.1 171393 18.8 410082 23.7 Spouse 12344 1.5 184273 20.2 196617 11.4 Son/daughter 349069 42.6 315709 34.6 664778 38.4 Parent 1121 0.1 6679 0.7 7800 0.5 Grandson/daughter 100908 12.3 95467 10.5 196375 11.3 Brother/sister 22457 2.7 19548 2.1 42005 2.4 Other relative 78147 9.5 105884 11.6 184031 10.6 Not relative 14506 1.8 11918 1.3 26424 1.5 Not Stated 1973 0.2 2108 0.2 4081 0.2 Total 819214 100.0 912979 100.0 1732193 100.0 53
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Chapter 4: Education Introduction Information on education characteristics of the population for the 2012 Population Census was based on persons age three years and above and those age 3-24 years. In general, children age below three years are considered to be too young for pre-school and formal school attendance. In some tables, it should be noted that persons who did not state their ages have been included in the analysis of education, because the possibility of not identifying the age of a person under 3 years is very small. The fact that school attendance was recorded implies that the respondent s age was at least three years. The information on education was solicited by asking the respondents five questions: 1) Has (name) ever been to school? Response categories: Yes No 2) What is (name)'s highest level and grade of education completed? Response categories: Level 8=8 (None completed) Level 0=1-3 (Early education) Level 1=1-7 (Primary) Level 2=1-6 (Secondary) Level 3 (Tertiary) 1 Certificate/Diploma after primary 2 Certificate/Diploma after secondary 3 Graduate/Postgraduate The following questions were applicable to persons age 3-24 years 3) Is (name) currently attending school? 4) Was (name) ever in attendance in school at any point during this year? 5) During this school year, what level and grade is (name) attending/was enrolled in? It should be emphasized that highest level of education completed means the completion of a full academic year/course. For example, a child currently attending grade one has not completed grade one yet. At the same time, all those persons who had never been to school in the first question were categorised under "no level completed" in the second question. Some indicators relating to education were computed using the information obtained from the above responses. However, caution should be exercised with regard to their interpretation. In particular, the literacy rates obtained from this data are a proxy of the actual rate. The rate of literacy was obtained by assuming that any person who had completed at least level one at grade three was literate. Additional questions, which the census could not accommodate, would have had to be asked and a simple literacy test administered to arrive at an actual rate of literacy. Population by School Attendance Table 4. 1 presents the distribution of the population age 3 24 years by school attendance and sex. About 26 percent of this population had left school while 62 percent were still at school. Around 51 percent of males and 49 percent of females had never attended school. Out of the population that had never been to school, 13 percent were males and 12 percent were females. There was no big difference between proportions of males and females for those who were at school. Furthermore, of those who had already left school, there were more females (30 percent) than males (25 percent). Population Never Been to School About 12 percent of the population age 3-24 years had never been to school. Of this population 84 percent was below the official 54
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education entry age (i.e. below 6 years of age) see Table 4.2.Slightly more males (13 percent) than females (12 percent) had never been to school. Tables 4.3a j show that the proportion of this population varied from 74 percent in Chipinge Rural district to 91 percent in both Rusape and Mutare Urban. A district comparison shows that of the population which had never been to school the highest proportion was in Chipinge, (23 percent). The distribution of the population never been to school resembles that of the total population see Table 4.4. Population Ever Been to School A total of 1 394 282 persons had ever been to school. These persons constituted 66 percent of the population age 3 years and above. Table 4.5 shows that generally more females than males had ever been to school. Population Currently at School Table 4.6 shows that 62 percent of the population at school were in primary school. Around 13 percent of the population currently at school was in early childhood education while Buhera, Mutare Urban and Chipinge Urban had the highest proportion (4 percent) of those currently attending tertiary education. The proportion in primary school ranged from 48 percent in Buhera, Mutare Urban and Chipinge Urban to 69 percent in Chipinge Rural (see Table 4.7 a- j). Population age 3-24 years which left school. Of the total population age 3 24 years, 26 percent had left school. Of the population that had left school 55 percent were female and 45 percent male. Of the total female population age 3 24 years, 30 percent had left school while the proportion for males was 25 percent, see Table 4.1. Table 4.8 shows that more than half of school leavers (57 percent) were age 18-24 years. School Enrolment for population age 3 24 years. Table 4.9 shows that the gross enrolment ratio for primary education indicates that there were more pupils enrolled than should officially be in this level (106. The gross enrolment ratio for both males and females shows a similar pattern. The gross enrolment ratio for secondary education (55 percent) shows that there were fewer pupils than those who should officially be at this level. The gross enrolment ratio is the total enrolment in a given level of education irrespective of age expressed in ratio to the population of the age group which officially corresponds to the same level of education. The net enrolment ratios indicate that there is high participation for both sexes in the primary education, 86 for males and 87 for females. Slightly fewer females (48 percent) participate at secondary level than males (49 percent). The net enrolment ratio measures part of the pupils enrolled at the right age. It thus measures the extent of participation of school going age population. Highest Level of Education Completed In Manicaland Province 42 percent of the population age 3 years and above had completed secondary and above level of education, see Table 4.10. For each sex more females have completed primary education than males (51 percent compared with 45 percent) while more males (44 percent compared with 40 percent) for females have completed secondary education and above. Literacy For the 2012 Population Census, the population age at least 15 years which had completed at least grade 3 was classified as literate. The literacy rate is thus the number of persons, who had completed at least grade 3 per 100 persons in a particular age category. From this definition, 96 percent of those age 15 years and above in the province were literate, as indicated in Table 4.11. Males and females had almost similar 55
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education literacy rates. The 15-19, 20-24 and 25-29 years age groups had the highest literacy rate of 98 and 99 percent. As expected the literacy rate declined with increasing age, confirming that the older generation were relatively disadvantaged with regard to education. Across the districts, the literacy rates ranged from 80 percent in Chipinge Rural to see Table 4.12. Conclusion In Manicaland province there were slightly more males than females who had never been to school and there were slightly more females than males at school. Among those who had left school, there were more females than males and the same was observed towards higher levels of education. Manicaland had a literacy rate of 96 percent. 56
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.1: Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 by School Attendance and by Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census School Attendance Male Female Total Ever been to school? Attended School 398563 408713 807276 Never Attended 59203 57396 116599 Missing 1086 1170 2256 Total 458852 467279 926131 Currently attending school? Currently Attending 304824 287787 592611 Left School 112618 137721 250339 Missing 41410 41771 83181 Total 458852 467279 926131 Ever been to school? Attended School 49.4 50.6 100.0 Never Attended 50.8 49.2 100.0 Missing 48.1 51.9 100.0 Total 49.5 50.5 100.0 Currently attending school? Currently Attending 51.4 48.6 100.0 Left School 45.0 55.0 100.0 Missing 49.8 50.2 100.0 Total 49.5 50.5 100.0 Ever been to school? Attended School 86.9 87.5 87.2 Never Attended 12.9 12.3 12.6 Missing 0.2 0.3 0.2 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 458852 467279 926131 Currently attending school? Currently Attending 66.4 61.6 64.0 Left School 24.5 29.5 27.0 Missing 9.0 8.9 9.0 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 458852 467279 926131 57
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.2: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Age Male Female Total 3 37.5 39.1 38.3 4 30.4 30.4 30.4 5 15.6 14.9 15.3 6 5.6 5.1 5.4 7 2.1 1.8 2.0 8 1.1 1.0 1.1 9 0.8 0.5 0.6 10 0.6 0.5 0.6 11 0.4 0.4 0.4 12 0.6 0.5 0.5 13 0.5 0.4 0.4 14 0.6 0.5 0.5 15 0.6 0.5 0.5 16 0.5 0.5 0.5 17 0.5 0.5 0.5 18 0.5 0.5 0.5 19 0.3 0.4 0.4 20 0.6 0.7 0.6 21 0.3 0.4 0.3 22 0.3 0.5 0.4 23 0.3 0.4 0.3 24 0.2 0.4 0.3 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 59203 57396 116599 58
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.3: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by District and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Buhera Age Male Female Total 3 37.3 39.1 38.2 4 33.5 33.4 33.5 5 16.6 16.4 16.5 6 5.5 4.7 5.1 7 1.4 1.1 1.3 8 0.7 0.6 0.7 9 0.5 0.4 0.4 10 0.4 0.4 0.4 11 0.2 0.3 0.3 12 0.3 0.3 0.3 13 0.3 0.4 0.4 14 0.5 0.3 0.4 15 0.4 0.4 0.4 16 0.3 0.3 0.3 17 0.5 0.2 0.4 18 0.3 0.4 0.3 19 0.2 0.3 0.3 20 0.3 0.4 0.4 21 0.2 0.2 0.2 22 0.2 0.1 0.2 23 0.1 0.2 0.1 24 0.1 0.1 0.1 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 9041 8552 17593 59
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.3: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by District and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (b)chimanimani Age Male Female Total 3 42.5 39.3 40.9 4 26.9 30.5 28.7 5 14.6 13.6 14.1 6 5.2 4.9 5.1 7 1.9 1.9 1.9 8 1.1 1.1 1.1 9 0.7 0.6 0.6 10 0.8 0.4 0.6 11 0.6 0.4 0.5 12 0.5 0.5 0.5 13 0.6 0.4 0.5 14 0.8 0.5 0.6 15 0.5 0.6 0.5 16 0.4 0.8 0.6 17 0.4 0.7 0.5 18 0.6 0.7 0.7 19 0.3 0.3 0.3 20 0.5 1.0 0.8 21 0.3 0.4 0.3 22 0.3 0.7 0.5 23 0.3 0.5 0.4 24 0.3 0.4 0.3 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 3974 3951 7925 60
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.3: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by District and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (c)chipinge Age Male Female Total 3 31.4 33.6 32.5 4 26.4 25.5 26.0 5 15.8 15.7 15.8 6 7.4 6.7 7.0 7 3.5 3.0 3.3 8 2.1 1.7 1.9 9 1.3 1.0 1.2 10 1.1 0.9 1.0 11 0.7 0.6 0.7 12 1.2 0.8 1.0 13 0.9 0.6 0.8 14 1.1 0.8 1.0 15 1.2 0.8 1.0 16 1.1 0.8 1.0 17 0.9 0.8 0.8 18 0.8 1.0 0.9 19 0.5 0.6 0.5 20 0.9 1.3 1.1 21 0.4 0.8 0.6 22 0.4 1.0 0.7 23 0.5 0.8 0.6 24 0.4 0.9 0.7 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 13612 13057 26669 61
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.3: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by District and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (d)makoni Age Male Female Total 3 36.7 37.3 37.0 4 31.1 33.3 32.2 5 16.6 15.1 15.8 6 5.0 5.2 5.1 7 2.1 1.7 1.9 8 1.0 1.2 1.1 9 0.7 0.3 0.5 10 0.6 0.6 0.6 11 0.3 0.5 0.4 12 0.6 0.4 0.5 13 0.4 0.4 0.4 14 0.4 0.4 0.4 15 0.6 0.4 0.5 16 0.5 0.4 0.5 17 0.5 0.4 0.5 18 0.6 0.4 0.5 19 0.4 0.3 0.3 20 0.7 0.4 0.6 21 0.3 0.3 0.3 22 0.3 0.2 0.3 23 0.2 0.3 0.3 24 0.3 0.3 0.3 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 9172 8724 17896 62
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.3: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by District and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (e)mutare Rural Age Male Female Total 3 37.7 39.3 38.5 4 31.8 31.9 31.8 5 16.6 16.1 16.3 6 5.7 5.3 5.5 7 2.0 1.6 1.8 8 0.9 0.9 0.9 9 0.6 0.4 0.5 10 0.5 0.4 0.5 11 0.2 0.2 0.2 12 0.4 0.4 0.4 13 0.2 0.4 0.3 14 0.4 0.4 0.4 15 0.4 0.3 0.3 16 0.3 0.4 0.3 17 0.3 0.3 0.3 18 0.4 0.2 0.3 19 0.2 0.2 0.2 20 0.4 0.3 0.4 21 0.2 0.2 0.2 22 0.3 0.3 0.3 23 0.1 0.3 0.2 24 0.2 0.3 0.3 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 9494 9065 18559 63
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.3: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by District and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (f) Mutasa Age Male Female Total 3 39.5 43.4 41.5 4 32.1 29.9 31.0 5 15.0 13.9 14.4 6 5.3 4.3 4.8 7 1.5 1.5 1.5 8 0.7 0.6 0.7 9 0.5 0.5 0.5 10 0.5 0.5 0.5 11 0.3 0.5 0.4 12 0.4 0.4 0.4 13 0.4 0.4 0.4 14 0.4 0.3 0.4 15 0.4 0.4 0.4 16 0.5 0.2 0.4 17 0.6 0.3 0.5 18 0.4 0.3 0.4 19 0.3 0.3 0.3 20 0.4 0.6 0.5 21 0.3 0.5 0.4 22 0.2 0.5 0.3 23 0.3 0.3 0.3 24 0.1 0.3 0.2 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 4820 4860 9680 64
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.3: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by District and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (g)nyanga Age Male Female Total 3 39.5 41.4 40.5 4 32.2 30.5 31.4 5 14.7 14.4 14.5 6 4.4 4.5 4.5 7 1.7 1.7 1.7 8 0.9 0.9 0.9 9 0.6 0.6 0.6 10 0.5 0.6 0.5 11 0.3 0.2 0.3 12 0.5 0.3 0.4 13 0.4 0.5 0.4 14 0.5 0.5 0.5 15 0.5 0.5 0.5 16 0.5 0.3 0.4 17 0.4 0.4 0.4 18 0.4 0.3 0.3 19 0.5 0.2 0.4 20 0.4 0.7 0.6 21 0.3 0.3 0.3 22 0.4 0.4 0.4 23 0.2 0.3 0.2 24 0.3 0.5 0.4 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 3941 3809 7750 65
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.3: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by District and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (h)mutare Urban Age Male Female Total 3 49.4 50.5 49.9 4 32.2 29.7 30.9 5 10.6 10.5 10.5 6 3.3 3.1 3.2 7 1.1 1.1 1.1 8 0.5 0.5 0.5 9 0.4 0.4 0.4 10 0.1 0.2 0.2 11 0.2 0.2 0.2 12 0.3 0.3 0.3 13 0.2 0.2 0.2 14 0.3 0.3 0.3 15 0.3 0.2 0.3 16 0.1 0.5 0.3 17 0.1 0.3 0.2 18 0.1 0.2 0.2 19 0.3 0.4 0.4 20 0.3 0.3 0.3 21 0.1 0.2 0.1 22 0.2 0.2 0.2 23 0.1 0.3 0.2 24 0.1 0.2 0.1 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 3823 4018 7841 66
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.3: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by District and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (i)rusape Age Male Female Total 3 48.1 45.9 47.0 4 31.9 33.0 32.5 5 11.9 11.8 11.9 6 3.7 3.2 3.4 7 0.9 1.1 1.0 8 0.3 0.6 0.5 9 0.6 0.3 0.5 10 0.2 0.3 0.2 11 0.2 0.0 0.1 12 0.5 0.8 0.6 13 0.0 0.0 0.0 14 0.0 0.5 0.2 15 0.3 0.3 0.3 16 0.2 0.2 0.2 17 0.0 0.3 0.2 18 0.3 0.5 0.4 19 0.0 0.3 0.2 20 0.5 0.8 0.6 21 0.0 0.0 0.0 22 0.0 0.0 0.0 23 0.6 0.0 0.3 24 0.0 0.2 0.1 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 655 651 1306 67
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.3: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by District and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (j) Chipinge Urban Age Male Female Total 3 43.2 44.1 43.7 4 28.9 29.2 29.1 5 15.6 11.3 13.4 6 4.6 4.8 4.7 7 1.5 1.6 1.5 8 0.7 0.8 0.8 9 0.4 0.0 0.2 10 0.1 0.6 0.4 11 0.4 0.7 0.6 12 0.0 0.3 0.1 13 0.1 0.4 0.3 14 0.4 0.3 0.4 15 0.7 0.3 0.5 16 0.4 0.8 0.7 17 0.4 0.1 0.3 18 0.6 0.6 0.6 19 0.0 0.3 0.1 20 0.4 1.1 0.8 21 0.3 0.6 0.4 22 0.4 1.0 0.7 23 0.3 0.8 0.6 24 0.0 0.3 0.1 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 671 709 1380 68
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.4: Percent Distribution of the Population Age 3-24 who never attended school by Sex and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District Males Females Total Buhera 15.3 14.9 15.1 Chimanimani 6.7 6.9 6.8 Chipinge 23.0 22.7 22.9 Makoni 15.5 15.2 15.3 Mutare Rural 16.0 15.8 15.9 Mutasa 8.1 8.5 8.3 Nyanga Rural 6.7 6.6 6.6 Mutare 6.5 7.0 6.7 Rusape 1.1 1.1 1.1 Chipinge 1.1 1.2 1.2 Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total 59203 57396 116599 69
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.5: Percent Distribution of Population ever been to school by Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Age Group Male Female Total 3-4 1.7 1.7 1.7 5-9 16.0 15.0 15.5 10-14 18.2 16.5 17.3 15-19 14.4 12.5 13.4 20-24 9.5 10.6 10.0 25-29 8.7 10.0 9.4 30-34 7.5 8.1 7.8 35-39 6.2 6.4 6.3 40-44 4.6 4.3 4.5 45-49 2.9 3.0 2.9 50-54 2.4 3.3 2.9 55-59 2.0 2.5 2.3 60-64 1.7 2.1 1.9 65-69 1.4 1.5 1.4 70-74 1.2 1.1 1.1 75 + 1.6 1.5 1.5 NS 0.1 0.1 0.1 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 666915 727367 1394282 Table 4.6: Population Age 3-24 Years Currently Attending School by Current Level of Education Being Attended and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Current Level Male Female Total Pre-School 12.5 13.1 12.8 Primary 61.7 63.1 62.4 Secondary 24.5 22.3 23.4 Tertiary 1.0 1.0 1.0 Not known * 0.1 0.1 Missing 0.3 0.4 0.3 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 304824 287787 592611 70
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.7: Population Age 3-24 Years Currently Attending School by District and Current Level of Education Being Attended and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Buhera Current Level Male Female Total Pre-School 14.1 13.7 13.9 Primary 47.8 47.6 47.7 Secondary 33.3 34.0 33.7 Tertiary 4.4 4.1 4.3 Not known 0.2 0.1 0.1 Missing 0.3 0.4 0.3 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 28413 30141 58554 (b) Chimanimani Pre-School 14.4 16.4 15.3 Primary 61.8 62.4 62.1 Secondary 22.8 20.2 21.6 Tertiary 0.7 0.6 0.7 Not known * 0.1 0.1 Missing 0.3 0.3 0.3 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 23980 22166 46146 (c) Chipinge Pre-School 12.8 13.2 12.9 Primary 68.6 68.8 68.7 Secondary 17.7 17.1 17.4 Tertiary 0.5 0.5 0.5 Not known * 0.1 0.1 Missing 0.4 0.5 0.4 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 52074 49818 101892 (d) Makoni Pre-School 11.7 12.6 12.1 Primary 62.2 65.4 63.7 Secondary 25.3 21.2 23.4 Tertiary 0.5 0.4 0.4 Not known 0.1 * * Missing 0.2 0.3 0.3 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 47394 42446 89840 71
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.7: Population Age 3-24 Years Currently Attending School by District and Current Level of Education Being Attended and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (e) Mutare Rural Current Level Male Female Total Pre-School 16.8 14.9 15.8 Primary 52.3 53.0 52.6 Secondary 28.7 30.1 29.4 Tertiary 2.0 1.8 1.9 Not known * * * Missing 0.1 0.2 0.2 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 3860 4117 7977 (f) Mutasa Pre-School 16.8 14.9 15.8 Primary 52.3 53.0 52.6 Secondary 28.7 30.1 29.4 Tertiary 2.0 1.8 1.9 Not known * * * Missing 0.1 0.2 0.2 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 3860 4117 7977 (g) Nyanga Pre-School 13.4 14.0 13.7 Primary 61.2 63.4 62.3 Secondary 24.5 21.5 23.0 Tertiary 0.8 0.8 0.8 Not known * * * Missing 0.1 0.3 0.2 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 21814 20526 42340 (h) Mutare Urban Pre-School 14.1 13.7 13.9 Primary 47.8 47.6 47.7 Secondary 33.3 34.0 33.7 Tertiary 4.4 4.1 4.3 Not known 0.2 0.1 0.1 Missing 0.3 0.4 0.3 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 28413 30141 58554 72
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education (i)rusape Current Level Male Female Total Pre-School 15.1 14.3 14.7 Primary 50.5 49.9 50.2 Secondary 31.0 32.3 31.7 Tertiary 3.1 3.0 3.0 Not known * 0.1 0.1 Missing 0.2 0.3 0.3 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 4459 4746 9205 (j) Chipinge Urban Pre-School 14.1 13.7 13.9 Primary 47.8 47.6 47.7 Secondary 33.3 34.0 33.7 Tertiary 4.4 4.1 4.3 Not known 0.2 0.1 0.1 Missing 0.3 0.4 0.3 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number 28413 30141 58554 Table 4.8: Population Age 3-24 years Who Left School by Sex and Age Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census School Age Percent Male Percent Female Percent Total 3 6.7 7528 5.4 7493 6.0 15021 4 5.7 6459 4.5 6161 5.0 12620 5 3.2 3586 2.4 3282 2.7 6868 6 1.3 1445 1.0 1394 1.1 2839 7 0.7 808 0.5 701 0.6 1509 8 0.5 615 0.4 555 0.5 1170 9 0.5 528 0.3 445 0.4 973 10 0.5 609 0.3 465 0.4 1074 11 0.5 547 0.3 446 0.4 993 12 0.9 1034 0.6 798 0.7 1832 13 1.1 1194 0.8 1105 0.9 2299 14 1.8 2078 1.6 2206 1.7 4284 15 3.0 3325 2.8 3886 2.9 7211 16 4.1 4568 4.4 6015 4.2 10583 17 5.7 6436 6.6 9071 6.2 15507 18 8.3 9365 8.9 12296 8.7 21661 19 7.6 8583 8.2 11361 8.0 19944 20 10.4 11729 11.3 15574 10.9 27303 21 8.9 10003 9.0 12354 8.9 22357 22 9.9 11183 10.5 14512 10.3 25695 23 9.3 10499 10.1 13853 9.7 24352 24 9.3 10496 10.0 13748 9.7 24244 Total 100.0 112618 100.0 137721 100.0 250339 73
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.9: Primary and Secondary School Enrolment for Population Age 3-24 Years Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Enrolment Primary Secondary Male Female Total Male Female Total Gross Enrolment 108 104 106 58 53 55 Net Enrolment 86 87 86 49 48 49 Enrolled Population 188078 181614 369692 74617 64139 138756 74
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.10: Population Age 3+ by Age Group, Sex and Highest Level of Academic Education Completed, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Age Group No Education Primary Secondary & Above Not Known Total Total Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Total 0-4 16.0 17.3 0.1 0.1 * * 9.3 6.3 1.7 1.7 1.7 5-9 80.0 78.2 16.9 14.8 0.1 0.1 15.4 13.8 16 15 15.5 10-14 2.4 2.0 37.6 30 2.0 2.7 16.8 11.7 18.2 16.5 17.3 15-19 0.4 0.4 10.2 7.1 21.9 22.2 13.3 8.8 14.4 12.5 13.4 20-24 0.1 0.2 4.5 5.6 16.7 19.5 7.2 8.6 9.5 10.6 10.0 25-29 0.1 0.2 4.0 5.6 15.7 18.0 4.9 7.8 8.7 10.0 9.4 30-34 0.1 0.2 3.4 5.1 13.4 13.8 4.9 7.1 7.5 8.1 7.8 35-39 0.1 0.2 3.0 4.5 11.0 10.3 5.1 5.1 6.2 6.4 6.3 40-44 0.1 0.2 2.0 3.4 8.3 6.6 4.1 4.4 4.6 4.3 4.5 45-49 0.1 0.2 1.7 3.4 4.7 3.2 2.9 2.6 2.9 3.0 2.9 50-54 0.1 0.3 2.8 5.2 2.5 1.7 2.5 5.1 2.4 3.3 2.9 55-59 0.1 0.2 3.0 4.2 1.4 0.9 2.2 4.5 2.0 2.5 2.3 60-64 0.1 0.1 2.9 3.7 0.9 0.5 1.6 3.7 1.7 2.1 1.9 65-69 0.1 0.1 2.4 2.6 0.6 0.3 2.1 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.4 70-74 0.1 0.1 2.1 2.0 0.4 0.2 1.3 2.6 1.2 1.1 1.1 75 + 0.1 0.2 3.1 2.7 0.4 0.2 4.3 3.9 1.6 1.4 1.5 NS 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 2.0 2.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Number 68994 68736 302340 369140 293842 287418 760 1010 665936 726304 1394282 75
Manicaland Province Chapter 4 Education Table 4.11: Literacy Rates for the Population Aged 15+ by Province and by Sex, Manicaland Province Zimbabwe 2012 Census Literacy Rates Province Male Female Total 15-19 98 98 98 20-24 99 99 99 25-29 99 98 99 30-34 99 98 98 35-39 99 98 98 40-44 98 96 97 45-49 98 94 95 50-54 95 88 91 55-59 94 88 90 60-64 92 86 88 65-69 92 84 87 70-74 90 81 85 75 + 84 77 80 NS 23 19 21 Total 97 94 96 Table 4.12: Literacy Rates for the Population Aged 15+ by District and by Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Literacy Rates District Male Female Total Buhera 97 94 95 Chimanimani 97 94 95 Chipinge 95 91 93 Makoni 97 95 96 Mutare Rural 97 95 96 Mutasa 97 94 96 Nyanga Rural 97 93 95 Mutare 99 99 99 Rusape 99 98 99 Chipinge 98 97 98 Total 97 94 96 76
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Chapter 5: Activity and Labour Force Introduction The analysis of activity and labour force of a population gives a picture of the manpower of a nation and provides a breakdown of the activities of the nation's labour force. The information is used to classify people according to whether they are in the labour force or not and all this information is important for development planning. The 2012 Population Census collected labour force information from persons age 10 years and above. The main reason why persons age 10-14 years were asked questions on activity was to obtain information on children working. The present analysis is, however, based mainly on population age 15 years and above although information on the 10-14 years age group has been tabulated. Three questions on activity were asked. The first question solicited information on respondent's main activity in the last twelve months. This question had nine response categories which were: Paid employee Employer Own account worker Unpaid family worker Looking for work/unemployed Student Homemaker Retired /sick/too old Others Persons who responded that their main activity was any of the first four categories above were then asked their main occupation during the last twelve months as the second question. An additional question on field of specialisation was asked to a person whose main activity was any of the first four categories and who had some recognised post primary/secondary education/training. The economically active population refers to the total number of persons available for the production of goods and services as realised in national income statistics. The economically active population includes paid employees and employers, unpaid family workers, own account workers and those unemployed. On the other hand, homemaking, studying and being sick or too old are examples of activities of the economically inactive population. It is important to note that most women tend to report that they are homemakers even though they combine housework with other economically productive activities. The term labour force in the context of the 2012 Population Census refers to the economically active persons. The definition is in line with that stipulated by the United Nations System of National Accounts and Balances. Economically Active Population According to the 2012 Population Census, the population age 15 years and above for Manicaland Province was 978 747 and 69 percent of this population was economically active. Figure 5.1 shows that out of the economically active population, 6 percent were unemployed whilst 94 percent were employed. Tables 5.1a and 5.1b describe the economically active population by sex and activity. Table 5. 1a shows that there were more females than males in the categories of unpaid family worker and own account worker. However, more males than females were in categories of paid employee, employer and unemployed. Among the economically active, there were more females (51 percent) than males (49 percent). Table 5.1b shows that for both males and females the highest proportion of 77
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Figure 5.1: Labour Force Framework Total Population 1 752 698 Children Under 15 770 321 44% Age Not Stated 3630 0.2% Adults 15 Years and Above 978 747 56% Economically Inactive 298 806 29.27% Activity Not Stated 8065 0.8% Economically Active 671 876 69% Students 132 353 44% Home makers 108 869 36% Retired, Sick/Too Old, Other 57 644 20% Unemployed 43 093 6% Employed 628 783 94% economically active population were own account workers (54 percent and 74 percent respectively). Relatively, the percentage of unemployed was higher for males (9 percent) than for females (4 percent). The males except the urban districts of Mutare Urban, Rusape and Chipinge Urban where there were more males than females. Age-Sex Composition of the activity status of persons with a disability is similar to that described above, see Table 5.1c. Table 5.2 shows the economically active population by sex and district in the province. All districts in the province had more economically active females than Economically Active Population The proportion of persons who were economically active varied with different age and sex categories of the population. Figure 5.2 shows that there were more economically active males than females. 78
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Tables 5.3a to 5.3cshow detailed information on the economically active population by age, sex and activity. These tables show that for both sexes, the largest proportions of economically active persons were in the age range 20 39 years. Thereafter the proportions declined as age increased. The extent of participation of a population in the labour force can be measured by activity rates. An activity rate is defined as the number of economically active persons in a population per hundred persons in that particular population. The rate is calculated by dividing population age 15 years and above who are economically active by the total population in that age group and then multiplying the result by hundred. The activity rate for Manicaland Province was 69. The activity rates can be specific for age and sex categories of a population, as shown in Tables 5.4a to 5.4c and in Figure 5.3. Activity rates for Manicaland Province were higher for males (71) than for females (65) and this was the case in all age groups except the 15 19 year age group where activity rate was higher for females (32) than males (28). The activity rates for males ranged from 28 to 94 and those for females from 32 to 81 in the broad age range 15-64 years. The activity rate for persons age 65 years+ was 60 and 45 for males and females respectively. District Distribution of the Economically Active Population Of the total number of economically active persons, the largest proportions were in Makoni (18 percent), Mutare Rural (16 percent), Buhera (14 percent) and Chipinge (13 percent). Chipinge Urban with 1 percent and Rusape with 2 percent had the lowest proportions, see Table 5.6a.These proportions seem to somehow reflect the population distribution in the province. Table 5.6b shows that the category own account worker had the highest proportion of the economically active persons for all the districts except in Mutare Urban and Chipinge Urban where it was the paid employee category. The employer category had the least proportion of economically active persons for all districts. Makoni had the highest proportion of economically active males (18 percent) while Chipinge Urban had the least (2 percent), see Table 5.7a. This was also the case for females, see Table5.7b. In Table 5.7c, all the districts except in Rusape, Mutare Urban and Chipinge Urban, the highest proportion of economically active males were in the own account worker category. The largest proportion of economically active persons in all age groups were found in Makoni 18 percent. Table 5.8 shows that twenty-five percent of the economically active persons in the 65 years and above age group were in Makoni district. Table 5.9 a-i show activity rates by age group for the ten districts separately. The highest activity rate for seven out of the ten districts was in the 45-49 year age group. There was a steady decline of the activity rates in the age groups that followed with the least activity rate in the 15-19 years age group in all the districts except Chipinge 79
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Urban. Employment and Unemployment A situation where the supply of labour exceeds demand gives rise to unemployment. The unemployed were those who had done no work and were looking for work and were available for work. The reference period used to determine current unemployment rate is usually one week. Information on the employment situation was obtained using a time reference period of twelve months. Persons who stated paid employee, employer, own account worker and unpaid family worker as their main activity during the reference period were regarded as employed. Census data thus provide a general picture of employment for the 12 months preceding the census night. For persons age 15 years and above, Manicaland Province had a total of 628 783 employed persons and 43 093 persons who reported that they were unemployed. Within the unemployed category there were more males (66 percent) than females (44 percent). There were more females (53 percent) than males (47 percent) in the employed category, see Table 5.10a. Table 5.10b indicates that of all the economically active persons 94 percent were employed while 6 percent were unemployed. About 4 percent of persons with a disability were unemployed (see Table 5.11). Table 5.12 shows unemployment rate by district. This Table shows that Mutare Urban and Chipinge Urban had the highest unemployment rates of 18 percent and 16 percent respectively. Chimanimani had the least unemployment rate of about 2 percent. Children Working The analysis of children working in this chapter is based only on children age 10-14 years because the 2012 Population Census did not collect data on activity for children under ten years of age. According to the International Labour Organisation (ILO) children under fifteen years of age are not normally supposed to be economically active. Manicaland Province had a total of 274 781children age 10-14 years. About two percent of these children, (8 892 children) were economically active The largest proportion of working children (37 percent) were unpaid family workers, followed by own account workers (27 percent). About 20 percent of children age 10-14 years stated that they were paid employees while 16 percent were looking for work, see Table 5.13a and b Economically Inactive Population The economically inactive population can be put in the following categories, o Homemakers o Students o retired persons/sick/too old o others. A homemaker was defined as a person of either sex who was engaged in household chores in their own household, e.g. cooking and fetching water. Homemakers were not paid for doing these duties and they did not work for profit. Domestic workers were not placed in this category because they were paid for their duties. Those who worked on household businesses were categorised either as own account workers or unpaid family workers. For the 2012 Population Census, students were those who attended any regular formal public or private educational institution. Retired/sick/too old were those persons who reported that they were not engaged in any activity for most of the last twelve months because they had retired, were sick or too old. The "other" category was for those persons who were not working and did not fit in any 80
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force of the categories mentioned above. Prisoners were included in this category. Table 5.14a and b and Figure 5.4 give a picture of inactive population by various activities in the province. Proportionately, more females were economically inactive than males in the province (62 percent females and 38 percent males). Eighty-four percent of all homemakers were females, see Table 5.14a. Table 5.14b shows that the highest proportion of inactive females (52 percent) reported homemaking as their main activity while the highest proportion of inactive males (66 percent) reported studying as their main activity see Figure 5.4. Table 5.14b also shows that persons who mentioned homemaking as their main activity were 36 percent of the economically inactive population while 44 percent were studying. The other economically inactive persons were sick, too old or retired. Among the economically inactive persons with a disability, the largest proportion (61 percent) was in the retired, sick, too old category as shown in Table 5.14c. Details on the economically inactive population by age, sex and activity are shown in Tables 5.15a to c. As expected, the majority (86 percent) of those who reported studying as their main activity were young persons age 15-19 years. This was the case for both males and females. The tables also show that the proportion of inactive persons declined as age increased. The majority (70 percent) of retired/sick/too old persons were in the age group 65 years and above, see Table 5.15c. Distribution of the Economically Inactive Population by District. Among the economically inactive the largest proportion was in the rural areas (75 percent). Within the rural areas economically inactive population, students contributed largest proportion (46 percent). In the urban areas the home maker category was the largest (47 percent). The other category had the least proportion of the inactive persons in both the rural and urban areas see Table 5.16 a and b. Tables 5.17a to c show that the majority of the economically inactive persons were in Chipinge Rural (23 percent), Mutare Rural (13 percent) and Buhera (12 percent).the least proportions were in Rusape (2 percent) and Chipinge Urban (2 percent). Among the economically inactive persons with a disability, the largest proportion was in the retired, sick, too old 81
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force category. Age Dependency Ratios There are three types of dependency ratios, i) the old age, ii) child and iii) the age dependency ratio (child plus old age dependency). The old age dependency ratio is the number of persons age 65 years and above per hundred persons age 15-64 years. The old age dependency ratio for the province was 9 dependents per 100 persons in the age group 15-64 years. The child dependency ratio is the number of children under 15 years of age per hundred adults in the ages 15-64 years. This dependency ratio was 86 dependents per 100 persons in the age group 15-64 years. The age dependency ratio refers to the number of persons who are under 15 years of age plus persons 65 years and above, per hundred persons in the 15-64 years age group. This is used to measure the ratio of the young children and the aged to the potential working population. When this dependency ratio is high, it shows that there is a high dependency burden for that particular population. The age dependency ratio for Manicaland Province in 2012 was 95 dependents per 100 persons in the age group 15-64 years. Occupation Table 5.1 shows occupational classification by sex for the population in Manicaland Province. The highest proportion of employed persons had their occupations in agriculture (60 percent) followed by those in services (16 percent).seventy-one percent of persons with a disability were employed in the agricultural occupations while 12 percent were employed in services (see Table 5.21).This pattern was followed in all the seven rural districts. Makoni had 81 percent of employed persons in the agricultural occupations, followed by those in the services (7 percent) and mining and construction with 2 percent.. In Chimanimani 61 percent of employed 82 persons were in agriculture occupations, 15 percent were in services occupations, 6 percent in mining and construction and 3 percent in manufacturing. In the urban districts, the services occupation had the highest percent followed by education and mining and construction. Rusape district had 41 percent in services, 7 percent in education occupations, 6 percent in both mining and construction and business and finance. Mutare Urban had 35 percent of employed persons in the services occupation, followed by 8 percent in education and 6% in mining and construction. Table 5.20 shows that of the employed persons enumerated in Manicaland province about 52 percent were communal farmers/communal farm workers while the other employed persons were 48 percent. Conclusion Data on activity for Manicaland province from the 2012 Population Census show that about 69 percent of the total population for the province was in the economically active category. The economically active population constituted 71 percent of persons age 15 years and above. Of the economically active population, 6 percent were unemployed and 94 percent employed. The data also show that more males than females were economically active in Manicaland province and that most of the employed persons had occupations in the agricultural sector.
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.1: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Persons by Sex and Activity, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Activity Males Females Total Total Persons Paid Employee 68.9 31.1 100.0 149132 Employer 67.3 32.7 100.0 2062 Own account worker 41.2 58.9 100.0 430749 Unpaid family worker 37.3 62.7 100.0 46840 Looking for work 65.7 34.3 100.0 43093 Total 48.7 51.3 100.0 671876 (b) Activity Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Paid Employee 102813 31.4 46319 13.4 149132 22.2 Employer 1388 0.4 674 0.2 2062 0.3 Own account worker 177242 54.2 253507 73.6 430749 64.1 Unpaid family worker 17458 5.3 29382 8.5 46840 7.0 Looking for work 28310 8.7 14783 4.3 43093 6.4 Total 327211 100.0 344665 100.0 671876 100.0 (c) Disability Activity Males Females Total Number Paid Employee 22.1 9.1 15.0 8171 Employer 0.4 0.2 0.3 169 Own account worker 66.2 80.9 74.2 40281 Unpaid family worker 5.6 7.5 6.7 3616 Looking for work 5.6 2.3 3.8 2059 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 54296 83
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.2: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Population by Sex and district, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Activity Males Females Total Total Persons Buhera 42.4 57.6 100.0 90710 Chimanimani 46.4 53.6 100.0 59417 Chipinge Rural 48.9 51.1 100.0 89501 Makoni 47.6 52.4 100.0 120620 Mutare Rural 48.1 51.9 100.0 103910 Mutasa 47.8 52.2 100.0 65133 Nyanga 49.6 50.4 100.0 50725 Mutare Urban 59.7 40.3 100.0 69988 Rusape 51.9 48.1 100.0 13697 Chipinge Urban 59.6 40.4 100.0 8175 Total 48.7 51.3 100.0 671876 84
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.3: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Population by Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Males Activity Age Group Paid Employee Employer Own account worker Unpaid family worker Looking for work Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % 15-19 6032 5.9 24 1.7 10183 5.7 4962 28.4 5711 20.2 26912 8.2 20-24 14523 14.1 68 4.9 21794 12.3 4556 26.1 9023 31.9 49964 15.3 25-29 18763 18.2 156 11.2 27903 15.7 2348 13.4 5469 19.3 54639 16.7 30-34 16840 16.4 199 14.3 26012 14.7 1435 8.2 3159 11.2 47645 14.6 35-39 14269 13.9 189 13.6 22567 12.7 1074 6.2 2017 7.1 40116 12.3 40-44 11572 11.3 191 13.8 15826 8.9 703 4.0 1228 4.3 29520 9.0 45-49 7605 7.4 135 9.7 9831 5.5 463 2.7 671 2.4 18705 5.7 50-54 5349 5.2 137 9.9 9234 5.2 385 2.2 407 1.4 15512 4.7 55-59 3641 3.5 117 8.4 8523 4.8 394 2.3 296 1.0 12971 4.0 60-64 2207 2.1 65 4.7 7930 4.5 361 2.1 153 0.5 10716 3.3 65 + 2012 2.0 107 7.7 17439 9.8 777 4.5 176 0.6 20511 6.3 Total 102813 100.0 1388 100.0 177242 100.0 17458 100.0 28310 100.0 327211 100.0 Total 85
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Females Activity Age Group Paid Employee Employer Own account worker Unpaid family worker Looking for work Num % Num % Num % Num % Num % Num % Total 15-19 4536 9.8 40 5.9 16255 6.4 5060 17.2 3901 26.4 29792 8.6 20-24 6230 13.5 49 7.3 34354 13.6 5560 18.9 4489 30.4 50682 14.7 25-29 8615 18.6 80 11.9 37881 14.9 4379 14.9 2616 17.7 53571 15.5 30-34 7687 16.6 93 13.8 33350 13.2 3411 11.6 1505 10.2 46046 13.4 35-39 6760 14.6 94 13.9 28082 11.1 2577 8.8 862 5.8 38375 11.1 40-44 4906 10.6 80 11.9 20286 8.0 1677 5.7 484 3.3 27433 8.0 45-49 3066 6.6 68 10.1 15581 6.1 1298 4.4 258 1.7 20271 5.9 50-54 2214 4.8 60 8.9 20406 8.0 1709 5.8 244 1.7 24633 7.1 55-59 1179 2.5 48 7.1 15374 6.1 1261 4.3 145 1.0 18007 5.2 60-64 711 1.5 29 4.3 12737 5.0 1019 3.5 105 0.7 14601 4.2 65 + 415 0.9 33 4.9 19201 7.6 1431 4.9 174 1.2 21254 6.2 Total 46319 100.0 674 100.0 253507 100.0 29382 100.0 14783 100.0 344665 100.0 86
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Total Activity Age Group Paid Employee Employer Own account worker Unpaid family worker Looking for work Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % 15-19 10568 7.1 64 3.1 26438 6.1 10022 21.4 9612 22.3 56704 8.4 20-24 20753 13.9 117 5.7 56148 13.0 10116 21.6 13512 31.4 100646 15.0 25-29 27378 18.4 236 11.4 65784 15.3 6727 14.4 8085 18.8 108210 16.1 30-34 24527 16.4 292 14.2 59362 13.8 4846 10.3 4664 10.8 93691 13.9 35-39 21029 14.1 283 13.7 50649 11.8 3651 7.8 2879 6.7 78491 11.7 40-44 16478 11.0 271 13.1 36112 8.4 2380 5.1 1712 4.0 56953 8.5 45-49 10671 7.2 203 9.8 25412 5.9 1761 3.8 929 2.2 38976 5.8 50-54 7563 5.1 197 9.6 29640 6.9 2094 4.5 651 1.5 40145 6.0 55-59 4820 3.2 165 8.0 23897 5.5 1655 3.5 441 1.0 30978 4.6 60-64 2918 2.0 94 4.6 20667 4.8 1380 2.9 258 0.6 25317 3.8 65 + 2427 1.6 140 6.8 36640 8.5 2208 4.7 350 0.8 41765 6.2 Total 149132 100.0 2062 100.0 430749 100.0 46840 100.0 43093 100.0 671876 100.0 Total 87
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.4: Age-Sex-Specific Activity Rates for Age 15+ Years, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a)males Age Group Total Economically Active Activity Rate 15-19 97318 26912 27.7 20-24 64166 49964 77.9 25-29 59246 54639 92.2 30-34 50720 47645 93.9 35-39 42385 40116 94.6 40-44 31257 29520 94.4 45-49 19852 18705 94.2 50-54 17146 15512 90.5 55-59 14686 12971 88.3 60-64 13103 10716 81.8 65 + 34458 20511 59.5 Total 444337 327211 73.6 (b)females Age Group Total Economically Active Activity Rate 15-19 92033 29792 32.4 20-24 78338 50682 64.7 25-29 74276 53571 72.1 30-34 60523 46046 76.1 35-39 48409 38375 79.3 40-44 33883 27433 81 45-49 24949 20271 81.2 50-54 31149 24633 79.1 55-59 23311 18007 77.2 60-64 20715 14601 70.5 65 + 46824 21254 45.4 Total 534410 344665 64.5 88
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force (c)total Age Group Total Economically Active Activity Rate 15-19 189351 56704 29.9 20-24 142504 100646 70.6 25-29 133522 108210 81 30-34 111243 93691 84.2 35-39 90794 78491 86.4 40-44 65140 56953 87.4 45-49 44801 38976 87 50-54 48295 40145 83.1 55-59 37997 30978 81.5 60-64 33818 25317 74.9 65 + 81282 41765 51.4 Total 978747 671876 68.6 Table 5.5: Activity Rates by district for Age 15+ Years, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District Persons 15 Years and Above Economically Active Persons Activity Rate Buhera 127530 90710 71.1 Chimanimani 75591 59417 78.6 Chipinge Rural 155816 89501 57.4 Makoni 153940 120620 78.4 Mutare Rural 142423 103910 73 Mutasa 97044 65133 67.1 Nyanga 72292 50725 70.2 Mutare Urban 119616 69988 58.5 Rusape 19252 13697 71.1 Chipinge Urban 15243 8175 53.6 89
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.6: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Persons by Activity and district, by Acti vity and district, Manicaland Province Zimbabwe Census 2012 (a) Activity Buhera Chimanimani Chipinge Rural Makoni Mutare Rural Mutasa Nyanga Mutare Urban Rusape Chipinge Urban Total Percent Total Persons Paid Employee 6.4 8.1 13.0 11.6 11.4 10.5 8.6 23.8 3.9 2.7 100.0 149132 Employer 9.2 4.2 12.5 11.5 10.6 10.0 9.8 25.4 4.8 2.1 100.0 2062 Own account worker 16.5 9.7 12.6 21.5 16.3 8.8 7.8 4.7 1.5 0.6 100.0 430749 Unpaid family worker 8.8 10.0 21.1 16.0 18.0 19.4 4.0 2.0 0.5 0.3 100.0 46840 Looking for work 13.6 2.2 13.1 6.9 18.3 5.4 5.5 29.9 2.1 3.1 100.0 43093 Total 13.5 8.8 13.3 18.0 15.5 9.7 7.5 10.4 2.0 1.2 100.0 671876 Table 5.6: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Persons by Activity and district, by Acti vity and district, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe Census 2012 (b) Activity Buhera Chimanimani Chipinge Rural Makoni Mutare Rural Mutasa Nyanga Mutare Urban Rusape Chipinge Urban Total Paid Employee 10.5 20.4 21.7 14.4 16.4 24.0 25.2 50.6 42.3 49.7 22.2 Employer 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.3 Own account worker 78.3 70.0 60.7 76.7 67.7 58.2 66.1 28.9 48.6 32.0 64.1 Unpaid family worker 4.5 7.9 11.1 6.2 8.1 13.9 3.7 1.3 1.8 1.5 7.0 Looking for work 6.5 1.6 6.3 2.4 7.6 3.5 4.7 18.4 6.6 16.3 6.4 Total Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total Persons 90710 59417 89501 120620 103910 65133 50725 69988 13697 8175 671876 90
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.7: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Persons by Sex and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Males Activity Buhera Chimanimani Chipinge Rural Makoni Mutare Rural Mutasa Nyanga Mutare Urban Rusape Chipinge Urban Total Percent Total Persons Paid Employee 6.3 8.4 12.9 11.6 12.3 11.0 9.1 22.3 3.4 2.6 100.0 102813 Employer 8.3 4.5 12.7 10.2 9.5 10.8 10.0 27.3 4.3 2.4 100.0 1388 Own account worker 14.8 9.3 12.8 22.6 16.0 8.7 7.5 5.9 1.7 0.8 100.0 177242 Unpaid family worker 9.2 10.0 19.6 19.8 19.2 14.8 4.5 2.2 0.6 0.2 100.0 17458 Looking for work 14.2 2.1 14.7 6.6 19.7 5.7 5.9 26.9 1.6 2.6 100.0 28310 Total 11.8 8.4 13.4 17.5 15.3 9.5 7.7 12.8 2.2 1.5 100.0 327211 Table 5.7: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Persons by Sex and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Males Activity Buhera Chimanimani Chipinge Rural Makoni Mutare Rural Mutasa Nyanga Mutare Urban Rusape Chipinge Urban Total Percent Paid Employee 16.9 31.5 30.4 20.8 25.2 36.4 37.2 54.9 49.9 54.3 31.4 Employer 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.4 Own account worker 68.2 59.7 51.8 69.7 56.7 49.6 52.5 25.1 41.6 29.2 54.2 Unpaid family worker 4.2 6.4 7.8 6.0 6.7 8.3 3.1 0.9 1.4 0.8 5.3 Looking for work 10.4 2.2 9.5 3.2 11.2 5.2 6.6 18.2 6.3 14.9 8.7 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total Persons 38494 27565 43728 57394 49982 31147 25152 41758 7115 4876 327211 91
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Females Activity Buhera Chimanimani Chipinge Rural Makoni Mutare Rural Mutasa Nyanga Mutare Urban Rusape Chipinge Urban Total Percent Paid Employee 5.8 10.7 13.3 8.6 8.3 12.6 13.3 44.3 34.0 42.9 13.4 Employer 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.2 Own account worker 85.7 79.0 69.2 83.1 77.8 66.1 79.4 34.6 56.3 36.0 73.6 Unpaid family worker 4.8 9.1 14.1 6.4 9.4 19.1 4.2 1.9 2.2 2.6 8.5 Looking for work 3.5 1.1 3.2 1.7 4.3 2.0 2.8 18.7 6.9 18.2 4.3 Total Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total Persons 52216 31852 45773 63226 53928 33986 25573 28230 6582 3299 344665 Table 5.8: Percent Distribution of Economically Active Persons by Age Group and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Age Group Buhera Chimanimani Chipinge Rural Makoni Mutare Rural Mutasa Nyanga Mutare Urban Rusape Chipinge Urban Total Persons 15-19 13.26 8.86 14.76 20.65 16.83 8.61 7.16 7.4 1.51 0.97 100.0 56704 20-24 11.85 9.2 12.59 18.84 16.61 9.23 7.39 10.83 2.2 1.27 100.0 100646 25-29 11.42 9.03 12.92 16.57 15.75 9.27 7.64 13.26 2.63 1.5 100.0 108210 30-34 12.45 8.88 13.29 15.87 15.02 9.35 7.65 13.22 2.62 1.63 100.0 93691 35-39 13.37 8.65 13.86 15.89 14.49 9.43 7.61 12.64 2.41 1.65 100.0 78491 40-44 13.1 8.75 13.82 16.14 14.55 9.93 7.43 12.46 2.35 1.46 100.0 56953 45-49 13.06 8.57 12.61 17.14 15.52 10.92 7.86 11.11 2.1 1.1 100.0 38976 50-54 15.52 8.56 14.7 17.81 15.03 10.61 7.96 7.58 1.47 0.75 100.0 40145 55-59 16.98 8.48 13.47 19.15 15.26 10.95 7.84 6.3 1.01 0.57 100.0 30978 60-64 17.31 8.88 14.56 21.06 15.14 10.7 7.26 4.03 0.69 0.38 100.0 25317 65 + 19.93 8.65 11.04 24.86 14.93 10.76 7.33 1.88 0.48 0.15 100.0 41765 Total 13.5 8.84 13.32 17.95 15.47 9.69 7.55 10.42 2.04 1.22 100.0 671876 92
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Buhera Age Group Persons 15 Years and Above Economically Active Persons Activity Rate 15-19 26739 7518 28.1 20-24 15879 11925 75.1 25-29 14190 12354 87.1 30-34 13049 11666 89.4 35-39 11584 10496 90.6 40-44 8204 7462 91.0 45-49 5557 5091 91.6 50-54 7058 6232 88.3 55-59 5965 5259 88.2 60-64 5213 4383 84.1 65 + 14092 8324 59.1 Total 127530 90710 71.1 Chimanimani Age Group Persons 15 Years and Above Economically Active Persons Activity Rate 15-19 14405 5024 34.9 20-24 11089 9263 83.5 25-29 10555 9774 92.6 30-34 8826 8321 94.3 35-39 7109 6786 95.5 40-44 5194 4984 96.0 45-49 3487 3341 95.8 50-54 3667 3437 93.7 55-59 2845 2626 92.3 60-64 2606 2247 86.2 65 + 5808 3614 62.2 Total 75591 59417 78.6 93
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Chipinge Rural Age Group Persons 15 Years and Above Economically Active Persons Activity Rate 15-19 31978 8368 26.2 20-24 21878 12667 57.9 25-29 20838 13982 67.1 30-34 17374 12452 71.7 35-39 14575 10876 74.6 40-44 10300 7873 76.4 45-49 6500 4915 75.6 50-54 8399 5900 70.2 55-59 6101 4174 68.4 60-64 6027 3685 61.1 65 + 11846 4609 38.9 Total 155816 89501 57.4 Makoni Persons 15 Years and Above Economically Active Persons Activity Rate Age Group 15-19 30298 11707 38.6 20-24 21873 18960 86.7 25-29 19198 17935 93.4 30-34 15728 14873 94.6 35-39 13183 12475 94.6 40-44 9656 9195 95.2 45-49 7038 6680 94.9 50-54 7671 7150 93.2 55-59 6472 5932 91.7 60-64 6087 5332 87.6 65 + 16736 10381 62.0 Total 153940 120620 78.4 94
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Mutare Rural Age Group Persons 15 Years and Above Economically Active Persons Activity Rate 15-19 27011 9542 35.3 20-24 21066 16717 79.4 25-29 19564 17042 87.1 30-34 16011 14071 87.9 35-39 12733 11370 89.3 40-44 9229 8286 89.8 45-49 6772 6050 89.3 50-54 7024 6035 85.9 55-59 5631 4727 83.9 60-64 5061 3833 75.7 65 + 12321 6237 50.6 Total 142423 103910 73.0 Mutasa Age Group Persons 15 Years and Above Economically Active Persons Activity Rate 15-19 18503 4881 26.4 20-24 13678 9291 67.9 25-29 12470 10033 80.5 30-34 10545 8762 83.1 35-39 8584 7402 86.2 40-44 6463 5657 87.5 45-49 4896 4255 86.9 50-54 5009 4261 85.1 55-59 4092 3391 82.9 60-64 3665 2708 73.9 65 + 9139 4492 49.2 Total 97044 65133 67.1 95
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Nyanga Persons 15 Years and Above Economically Active Persons Activity Rate Age Group 15-19 13402 4059 30.3 20-24 10263 7436 72.5 25-29 9905 8268 83.5 30-34 8229 7168 87.1 35-39 6729 5976 88.8 40-44 4759 4229 88.9 45-49 3459 3065 88.6 50-54 3779 3197 84.6 55-59 2897 2428 83.8 60-64 2480 1839 74.2 65 + 6390 3060 47.9 Total 72292 50725 70.2 Mutare Urban Persons 15 Years and Above Economically Active Persons Activity Rate Age Group 15-19 20718 4198 20.3 20-24 20850 10902 52.3 25-29 20727 14346 69.2 30-34 16475 12389 75.2 35-39 12515 9923 79.3 40-44 8768 7099 81.0 45-49 5582 4332 77.6 50-54 4514 3043 67.4 55-59 3288 1951 59.3 60-64 2148 1020 47.5 65 + 4031 785 19.5 Total 119616 69988 58.5 96
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Rusape Persons 15 Years and Above Economically Active Persons Activity Rate Age Group 15-19 3440 856 24.9 20-24 3251 2211 68.0 25-29 3425 2848 83.2 30-34 2764 2458 88.9 35-39 2067 1892 91.5 40-44 1461 1336 91.4 45-49 919 820 89.2 50-54 691 590 85.4 55-59 393 313 79.6 60-64 288 174 60.4 65 + 553 199 36.0 Total 19252 13697 71.1 Chipinge Urban Age Group Persons 15 Years and Above Economically Active Persons Activity Rate 15-19 2857 551 19.3 20-24 2677 1274 47.6 25-29 2650 1628 61.4 30-34 2242 1531 68.3 35-39 1715 1295 75.5 40-44 1106 832 75.2 45-49 591 427 72.3 50-54 483 300 62.1 55-59 313 177 56.5 60-64 243 96 39.5 65 + 366 64 17.5 Total 15243 8175 53.6 97
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.10: Percent Distribution of Persons by Employment Status and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Employment Status Males Females Total Total Persons Employed 47.5 52.5 100.0 628783 Unemployed 65.7 34.3 100.0 43093 All 48.7 51.3 100.0 671876 Employment Status Males Females Total Employed 91.3 95.7 93.6 Unemployed 8.7 4.3 6.4 Total Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total Persons 327211 344665 671876 Table 5.11: Percent Distribution of Persons with a Disability by Employment Status and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Employment Status Males Females Total Total Persons Employed 44.7 55.3 100.0 52237 Unemployed 67.4 32.6 100.0 2059 All 45.6 54.4 100.0 54296 Employment Status Males Females Total Employed 94.4 97.7 96.2 Unemployed 5.6 2.3 3.8 Total Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total Persons 24745 29551 54296 98
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.12: Unemployment by district, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Province Economically Active Persons Unemployed Persons Unemployment Rate Buhera 90710 5862 6.5 Chimanimani 59417 947 1.6 Chipinge Rural 89501 5634 6.3 Makoni 120620 2954 2.4 Mutare Rural 103910 7884 7.6 Mutasa 65133 2310 3.5 Nyanga 50725 2385 4.7 Mutare Urban 69988 12883 18.4 Rusape 13697 905 6.6 Chipinge Urban 8175 1329 16.3 Total 671876 43093 6.4 Table 5.13: Percent Distribution of Children (10-14 years) by Employment Status and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Activity Males Females Total Percent Total Persons Paid Employee 56.8 43.2 100.0 1152 Employer 60.0 40.0 100.0 5 Own account worker 55.6 44.4 100.0 1598 Unpaid family worker 52.7 47.3 100.0 2205 Looking for work 55.9 44.1 100.0 932 Total 54.8 45.2 100.0 5892 Activity Males Females Total Paid Employee 20.3 18.7 19.6 Employer 0.1 0.1 0.1 Own account worker 27.5 26.7 27.1 Unpaid family worker 36.0 39.1 37.4 Looking for work 16.1 15.4 15.8 Total Persons 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total Persons 3229 2663 5892 99
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.14: Percent Distribution of Economically Inactive Population by Activity and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Activity Males Females Total Total Persons Student 56.9 43.1 100.0 132353 Homemaker 12.4 87.6 100.0 108869 Retired/Sick/Too Old 40.5 59.5 100.0 47065 Other 57.4 42.6 100.0 10519 Total 38.2 61.8 100.0 298806 (b) Activity Males Females Total Percent Student 66.1 30.8 44.3 Homemaker 11.9 51.6 36.4 Retired/Sick/Too Old 16.7 15.2 15.8 Other 5.3 2.4 3.5 Total Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total Persons 114003 184803 298806 (c) Disability Activity Males Females Total Persons Percent Student 2521 1733 4254 11.6 Homemaker 1462 7178 8640 23.5 Retired/Sick/Too Old 9067 13331 22398 60.9 Other 810 664 1474 4.0 Total 13860 22906 36766 100.0 100
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.15: Percent Distribution of Economically Inactive Population by Activity and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Males Age Group Student Homemaker Retired/Sick/Too Old Other Total 15-19 85.9 24.7 1.4 17.7 60.9 20-24 12.0 21.9 1.6 18.8 11.8 25-29 1.2 13.4 2.1 17.3 3.7 30-34 0.3 9.6 2.1 14.0 2.5 35-39 0.2 6.9 2.1 10.2 1.8 40-44 0.1 4.9 2.3 7.0 1.4 45-49 0.0 3.1 2.1 3.8 0.9 50-54 0.0 3.4 4.7 3.1 1.4 55-59 0.0 2.6 6.0 2.5 1.5 60-64 0.0 3.0 9.4 1.8 2.0 65-69 0.0 2.1 11.0 1.4 2.2 70-74 0.0 2.1 15.7 0.9 2.9 75 + 0.0 2.4 39.5 1.6 7.0 Total Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total Persons 75360 13548 19062 6033 114003 Females Age Group Student Homemaker Retired/Sick/Too Old Other Total 15-19 85.8 11.8 1.1 18.5 33.1 20-24 10.7 20.5 1.2 17.6 14.5 25-29 1.7 18.9 1.4 14.2 10.8 30-34 0.9 13.3 1.4 11.3 7.6 35-39 0.4 9.2 1.3 8.6 5.3 40-44 0.2 5.7 1.3 6.6 3.4 45-49 0.1 4.1 1.3 4.1 2.5 50-54 0.1 5.1 4.0 4.6 3.4 55-59 0.0 3.8 4.8 3.7 2.8 60-64 0.1 3.1 9.8 3.5 3.2 65-69 0.0 1.9 11.3 2.2 2.8 70-74 0.0 1.2 16.4 2.0 3.2 75 + 0.1 1.3 44.6 3.1 7.5 Total Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total Persons 56993 95321 28003 4486 184803 101
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Total Age Group Age Group Student Homemaker Retired/Sick/Too Old Other Total 15-19 85.9 13.4 1.2 18.0 43.7 20-24 11.5 20.7 1.4 18.3 13.5 25-29 1.4 18.2 1.7 16.0 8.1 30-34 0.6 12.8 1.7 12.9 5.6 35-39 0.3 8.9 1.6 9.5 3.9 40-44 0.2 5.6 1.7 6.8 2.6 45-49 0.0 4.0 1.7 3.9 1.9 50-54 0.0 4.9 4.3 3.8 2.6 55-59 0.0 3.7 5.3 3.0 2.3 60-64 0.0 3.1 9.6 2.6 2.8 65-69 0.0 1.9 11.2 1.7 2.5 70-74 0.0 1.3 16.1 1.4 3.1 75 + 0.1 1.4 42.5 2.2 7.3 Total Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total Persons 132353 108869 47065 10519 298806 Table 5.16: Percent Distribution of Economically Inactive Population by Activity and Sector, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Activity Rural Urban Total Percent Total Persons Student 77.3 22.7 100.0 132353 Homemaker 67.1 32.8 100.0 108869 Retired/Sick/Too Old 86.1 13.9 100.0 47065 Other 69.9 30.1 100.0 10519 Total 74.7 25.3 100.0 298806 Activity Rural Urban Total Student 45.8 39.8 44.3 Homemaker 32.7 47.3 36.4 Retired/Sick/Too Old 18.2 8.6 15.8 Other 3.3 4.2 3.5 Total Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total Persons 223217 75527 298806 102
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force 103
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.17: Percent Distribution of Economically Inactive Population by Sex Age Group and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Males Age Group Buhera Chimanimani Chipinge Rural Makoni Mutare Rural Mutasa Nyanga Mutare Urban Rusape Chipinge Urban Total Number 15-19 15.4 7.6 16.9 15.4 13.9 10.4 7.1 10.4 1.6 1.4 100.0 69432 20-24 12.7 5.8 20.0 9.1 10.3 11.2 6.7 19.8 2.0 2.4 100.0 13467 25-29 8.4 3.1 32.9 6.6 10.7 11.7 5.8 16.4 1.9 2.6 100.0 4178 30-34 7.4 4.0 36.6 6.4 11.7 12.2 5.5 12.1 1.4 2.7 100.0 2804 35-39 10.0 3.2 37.3 8.6 11.0 10.5 5.4 10.5 1.1 2.4 100.0 2089 40-44 10.2 3.4 37.3 8.2 11.1 10.0 5.1 11.3 1.2 2.3 100.0 1615 45-49 9.8 2.8 31.5 9.2 12.2 11.8 7.6 11.8 1.8 1.7 100.0 1080 50-54 12.3 3.8 26.8 8.5 13.4 9.1 6.5 15.6 1.9 2.0 100.0 1570 55-59 11.8 4.5 23.4 7.9 14.2 10.1 6.9 18.4 1.4 1.3 100.0 1664 60-64 10.5 5.0 25.2 8.2 14.2 12.7 7.4 14.3 1.2 1.2 100.0 2323 65 + 14.1 5.6 16.5 16.4 16.3 13.0 8.3 8.5 0.7 0.6 100.0 13784 Total 14.0 6.5 19.5 13.6 13.5 10.9 7.1 11.8 1.5 1.5 100.0 114006 104
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Females Age Group Buhera Chimanimani Chipinge Rural Makoni Mutare Rural Mutasa Nyanga Mutare Urban Rusape Chipinge Urban Total Number 15-19 13.6 6.5 18.5 12.5 12.3 10.1 7.1 14.9 2.4 2.2 100.0 61241 20-24 7.7 3.6 23.0 5.5 10.2 10.2 6.8 26.3 2.8 3.9 100.0 26765 25-29 6.9 2.8 26.2 4.2 9.6 9.2 6.7 27.5 2.4 4.5 100.0 20040 30-34 7.8 2.5 26.7 4.3 10.8 9.7 6.3 25.7 1.8 4.4 100.0 14070 35-39 8.4 2.5 28.8 4.8 11.0 9.3 6.4 23.8 1.5 3.7 100.0 9713 40-44 8.7 2.2 28.0 4.7 11.5 9.7 6.9 22.9 1.6 3.7 100.0 6250 45-49 7.5 2.3 26.4 5.2 12.3 10.7 6.7 24.1 1.7 3.1 100.0 4530 50-54 9.4 2.4 31.8 5.5 11.7 9.3 7.4 19.0 1.1 2.4 100.0 6257 55-59 9.5 2.5 28.8 7.5 12.3 10.0 6.8 19.6 1.0 2.2 100.0 5142 60-64 9.5 3.9 28.3 8.9 14.5 10.7 7.8 13.0 1.4 2.0 100.0 5903 65 + 15.0 5.5 19.0 16.0 14.9 11.1 8.6 8.0 1.0 0.9 100.0 24893 Total 10.8 4.5 22.8 9.1 11.9 10.1 7.1 19.0 2.0 2.8 100.0 184804 105
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Total Age Group Buhera Chimanimani Chipinge Rural Makoni Mutare Rural Mutasa Nyanga Mutare Urban Rusape Chipinge Urban Total Number 15-19 14.5 7.1 17.6 14.0 13.1 10.3 7.1 12.5 2.0 1.7 100.0 130673 20-24 9.4 4.3 22.0 6.7 10.2 10.5 6.8 24.2 2.5 3.4 100.0 40232 25-29 7.2 2.9 27.3 4.7 9.8 9.6 6.6 25.5 2.3 4.1 100.0 24218 30-34 7.8 2.7 28.4 4.6 10.9 10.1 6.1 23.5 1.7 4.1 100.0 16874 35-39 8.6 2.6 30.3 5.5 11.0 9.5 6.2 21.4 1.4 3.5 100.0 11802 40-44 9.0 2.5 29.9 5.4 11.4 9.8 6.6 20.5 1.5 3.4 100.0 7865 45-49 7.9 2.4 27.4 6.0 12.3 10.9 6.9 21.7 1.7 2.8 100.0 5610 50-54 10.0 2.7 30.8 6.1 12.0 9.3 7.2 18.3 1.2 2.3 100.0 7827 55-59 10.0 3.0 27.5 7.6 12.8 10.0 6.8 19.3 1.1 2.0 100.0 6806 60-64 9.8 4.2 27.4 8.7 14.4 11.3 7.7 13.4 1.3 1.8 100.0 8226 65 + 14.7 5.5 18.1 16.1 15.4 11.8 8.5 8.2 0.9 0.8 100.0 38677 Total 12.0 5.3 21.5 10.8 12.5 10.4 7.1 16.3 1.8 2.3 100.0 298810 106
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.18: Occupational Classification by Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Occupational Group Males Females Total Percent Gvt and Snr Officials 832 165 997 0.2 Directors/ Mgrs & Co Secretaries 1816 667 2483 0.4 Natural Sciences 85 25 110 0.0 Business & Finance 6815 5618 12433 2.0 Engineers & Technicians 2304 115 2419 0.4 Life Sciences Professionals 1903 2362 4265 0.7 Education 9454 9663 19117 3.1 Law and Security 11899 1646 13545 2.2 Information 88 59 147 0.0 Social Science 211 185 396 0.1 Artists 739 251 990 0.2 Religion 888 317 1205 0.2 Machine Operators 3864 251 4115 0.7 Administration 901 487 1388 0.2 Clerks & Secretaries 3478 3141 6619 1.1 Transport 10046 336 10382 1.7 Services 35461 60833 96294 15.6 Agriculture 150706 222239 372945 60.4 Mining & Construction 25967 1804 27771 4.5 Mechanics 6161 124 6285 1.0 Manufacturing 8765 6076 14841 2.4 999 Not known 6 9 15 0.0 Invalid Code 6733 6951 13684 2.2 Others 4168 434 4602 0.7 Total 293290 323758 617048 100.0 107
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.19: Occupational Classification by district, Manicaland Provi nce, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Occupational Group Buhera Chimanimani Chipinge Rural Makoni Mutare Rural Mutasa Nyanga 108 Mutare Urban Rusape Chipinge Urban Gvt and Snr Officials 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 Directors/ Mgrs & Co Secretaries 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 2.3 1.0 1.2 0.4 Natural Sciences 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Business & Finance 1.3 2.1 1.3 0.8 1.2 1.4 1.5 7.1 6.1 10.1 2.0 Engineers & Technicians 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 1.7 0.9 1.3 0.4 Life Sciences Professionals 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.7 1.8 1.4 2.5 0.7 Education 3.0 2.7 2.8 1.6 2.1 2.9 2.5 8.1 6.9 7.9 3.1 Law and Security 0.8 1.6 2.0 0.8 2.1 1.9 1.9 7.4 5.7 6.5 2.2 Information 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 Social Science 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 Artists 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.2 Religion 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.2 Machine Operators 0.3 1.3 0.5 0.2 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 0.5 1.3 0.7 Administration 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.2 Clerks & Secretaries 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.9 4.4 3.9 4.4 1.1 Transport 0.7 1.1 1.0 0.7 1.3 1.4 1.0 7.1 5.4 5.4 1.7 Services 16.9 15.0 11.6 7.4 13.3 15.7 13.9 34.8 41.0 31.4 15.6 Agriculture 67.1 60.7 68.8 80.9 66.7 61.6 61.6 1.7 7.6 3.5 60.4 Mining & Construction 3.3 6.2 3.5 2.1 4.8 5.5 7.1 6.3 6.3 7.4 4.5 Mechanics 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.8 3.9 2.7 3.1 1.0 Manufacturing 2.4 3.2 2.5 0.9 2.5 2.6 1.7 4.5 3.5 4.5 2.4 Others 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.8 0.5 0.4 1.8 2.1 1.5 2.0 0.7 999 Not known - - - - - - - - - - - Invalid Code 1.7 2.3 2.4 2.2 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.9 3.7 4.6 2.2 Total Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total Persons 83338 57689 81729 115850 93980 61451 47683 55974 12620 6734 617048 Total
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.20: Communal Farmers as a Percentage of Employed Persons by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Province Employed Persons Communal Farmer Total Number Buhera 35.6 64.4 100.0 84848 Chimanimani 47.7 52.3 100.0 58470 Chipinge Rural 43.5 56.5 100.0 83867 Makoni 32.6 67.4 100.0 117666 Mutare Rural 44.3 55.7 100.0 96026 Mutasa 48.4 51.6 100.0 62823 Nyanga 46.8 53.2 100.0 48340 Mutare Urban 99.7 0.3 100.0 57105 Rusape 96.2 3.8 100.0 12792 Chipinge Urban 99.5 0.5 100.0 6846 Total 48.4 51.6 100.0 628783 109
Manicaland Province Chapter 5 Activity and Labour Force Table 5.21: Persons With A Disability by Occupational Classification and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Activity Males Females Total Percent Others 151 25 176 0.3 Gvt and Snr Officials 142 13 155 0.3 Directors/ Mgrs & Co Secretaries 101 43 144 0.3 Natural Sciences 2 1 3 0.0 Business & Finance 315 276 591 1.1 Engineers & Technicians 117 10 127 0.2 Life Sciences Professionals 154 179 333 0.6 Education 523 579 1102 2.1 Law and Security 572 70 642 1.2 Information 4 2 6 0.0 Social Science 9 14 23 0.0 Artists 53 32 85 0.2 Religion 75 22 97 0.2 Machine Operators 170 17 187 0.4 Administration 45 25 70 0.1 Clerks & Secretaries 178 163 341 0.7 Transport 356 20 376 0.7 Services 2121 3885 6006 11.6 Agriculture 14862 21863 36725 71.0 Mining & Construction 1378 111 1489 2.9 Mechanics 333 14 347 0.7 Manufacturing 934 675 1609 3.1 999 Not known - 1 1 0.0 Invalid Code 520 571 1091 2.1 Total 23115 28611 51726 100.0 110
Manicaland Province Chapter 6 Fertility Chapter 6: Fertility Introduction Fertility is one of the three components of population change, the others being mortality and migration. the measurement of fertility can be approached in two ways. The first is to view fertility as a period event, while the second would view it as a cohort event. There is a clear distinction between these two approaches, conceptually and in terms of data required to fulfil the measurements. This chapter is concerned with the measurement of period fertility as it is the most commonly used approach in studies of population. Period fertility measures the level of fertility during a specified period of time, usually, a year. Indicators of fertility are based on either registered or reported births in a specified period of time and the population relating to the same time period. In Zimbabwe, the registration system is not complete, and therefore information on registered births is deficient. Similarly, births are usually underreported in surveys and censuses, partly because respondents make mistakes about the reference period. The vague expression "during the last 12 months" might not be interpreted properly as exactly 12 months prior to the date of interview. However, estimates of fertility based on the births in the last 12 months provide the true pattern, but may underestimate the level of fertility. On the other hand, estimates based on the average number of children ever born to women provide lifetime fertility levels without a time reference. Estimates on fertility have been made using direct methods. Information on live births in the last 12 months was obtained from all women age 15 to 49 years, irrespective of their marital status. Based on this information on births in the last 12 months and the total population, the crude birth rate was calculated. The information on children ever born referred only to the woman's biological children. To avoid bias from misreporting, this information was collected in three parts: those children currently living with the mother, those living elsewhere, and those who had died. Four measures of fertility will be discussed in this chapter. These will be in order of their complexity, i.e. in terms of the data required to calculate them. The four measures are Crude Birth Rate (CBR); General Fertility Rate (GFR); Age-Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR) and Total Fertility Rate (TFR). The reference period for these estimates was September, 2011 to August, 2012. Crude Birth Rates (CBR) This refers to the number of births per 1000 population in a given period which is usually a year. It is obtained by dividing the number of births occurring in the year by the total population, multiplied by 1 000. The CBR for Manicaland Province, estimated using the direct method, was 33 births per one thousand populations, see Table 6.1. Fertility levels at provincial level mask some important spatial, and at times, temporal variations in fertility within the province itself or among districts. The level of fertility displayed at the provincial level is not uniform at lower levels as is indicated in Table 6. 1. The CBRs ranged from 31 for Makoni to 36 for Mutare Rural, Chipinge Urban and Rusape. The crude birth rate is affected by the sex and age structure of the population. For example, it is not every member of the population who is at the risk of child bearing. As a result, direct comparisons between populations with different sex-age structures can lead to wrong conclusions. Therefore, to overcome this limitation of lack of comparability, it is necessary to look beyond the crude measures of fertility to more specific measures. 111
Manicaland Province Chapter 6 Fertility General Fertility Rate (GFR) The General Fertility Rate (GFR) is the simplest fertility measure that tries to relate the births to the population which is at risk of giving birth. It is defined as the number of births in a year per 1 000 women in childbearing ages, usually 15 to 49 years. As shown in Table 6.1, the GFR for Manicaland Province was 142 births per 1 000 women of reproductive ages. The GFR fell between 112 for Mutare Urban and 161 for Mutare Rural. This measure also has its limitations because the control for the age structure is only differences in the age structure between populations within the reproductive age ranges. Age-Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR) Age-Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR) is the average number of live births in the last 12 months per woman in the 5 year age groups in the reproductive age range 15 to 49 years. It is obtained by dividing the number of births to women in a particular age group by the total number of women in the same age group. It provides the age pattern of fertility for the women in their child bearing ages. As shown in Figure 6.1 and Appendix Table partial as there may be substantial 112 A6.1, childbearing peaks in the age group
Manicaland Province Chapter 6 Fertility 20-24 years. The last reproductive age group (45-49 years) exhibited the least contribution as expected because there were Appendix Tables A6.2 to A6.5 show the ASFRs by age-group for each of the 10 districts in the province. The ASFRs peak at the 20-24 years age groups in all the ten districts. This is an indication that women were having their children at relatively young ages. Although the ASFRs provide the best indicators of fertility, they are difficult to comprehend as they have to be presented in a set of seven, i.e. one for each age group, from 15-19 to 45-49 years. Comparisons of ASFRs between or among relatively fewer births at the extreme ends of the reproductive age ranges. make. Therefore, a single indicator summarising the fertility experience for a particular population is necessary. The total fertility rate is the most appropriate indicator. Total Fertility Rate (TFR) The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) represents the average number of children a group of women would have by the end of their reproductive years if they had children according to a set of age specific fertility population groups are even more difficult to rates pertaining to a particular period. The 113
Manicaland Province Chapter 6 Fertility rate is totally free of age and sex biases and therefore of great use in comparative analysis. The rate has a major limitation in that it assumes that women of different age groups undergo similar fertility experiences throughout their reproductive periods. The TFR for the province was about 4.3. From Table 6. 1, it can be observed that Buhera had the highest TFR of 4.9 while Mutare Urban and Rusape had a TFR of 3.3. Fertility Differentials Estimates of fertility by the level of education of mothers and by marital status are shown in Tables 6.2 and 6.3. Figure 6.2 shows that there seemed to be a negative relationship between fertility and education level of mothers. The level of fertility declined with increasing level of education. The TFR was 4.9 children per woman for women with primary education and 4.1 for those with at least secondary education. The number of women with no education is so small that it does not allow for meaningful interpretation. However, the TFR for women with no education was 3.8. It has been shown in many studies that education in women gives them, among other things, a new vision and normative orientation which will result in better health care, better employment opportunities outside the home and better knowledge of With regard to marital status, the married women category had the highest TFR of 6.0 children per woman. It should be noted that the TFR for the married category is high and needs further analysis. The never married group experienced the lowest fertility with a TFR of 0.9 children per woman. Figure 6.3 illustrates the different TFRs diagrammatically. The higher TFR among the married women may be attributed to them being at a higher risk of giving birth than women in the other categories. In Table 6.4, the distribution of women by age at first live birth is presented. The median ages at first live birth were about 20 years for all age groups. These ages are relatively low, and therefore exposed the women to long periods of childbearing. This is illustrated in Figure 6.4. Appendix Tables A6.5 to A6.7 show ASFRs by age group of women and by their marital status, by rural and urban areas and by level of education respectively for the province. The median age at first live birth by rural / urban residence shows that the age at first live birth for rural women was slightly lower than for urban women (20 compared with 21 years) see Tables 6.5 a and b. Table 6.6 presents the distribution of women by age at first live birth and by level of education. It can be observed that the and access to family planning methods. These, in turn, may produce a depressing effect on fertility. median age varied with level of education of the mother. A high proportion of women with at least secondary education had their 114
Manicaland Province Chapter 6 Fertility first live birth between 20.5 23.3 years. About 50 percent of the women who had completed no education level and those with primary education had their first live birth between 19 and 21years. Figures 6.5 illustrates the observations diagrammatically. Conclusion This chapter shows that a woman in Manicaland Province would have had an average of 4.3 children by the end of her reproductive years if she had children according to a set of age specific fertility rates pertaining to the period August 2011 to July 2012. The data on fertility also show that there seemed to have been a negative relationship between fertility and education level of the mother. 115
Manicaland Province Chapter 6 Fertility Table 6.1: Fertility Rates by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District CBR GFR TFR Buhera 32.8 153 4.9 Chimanimani 32 137 4.1 Chipinge Rural 34.2 149 4.5 Makoni 31.1 145 4.5 Mutare Rural 36 161 4.9 Mutasa 32.8 139 4.2 Nyanga 32.8 141 4.3 Mutare Urban 33.4 112 3.3 Rusape 35.6 116 3.3 Chipinge Urban 36.3 118 3.4 Total 33.4 142 4.3 Table 6.2: Total Fertility Rate by Level of Education of Mothers, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Level of Education TFR No Education 3.8 Primary 4.9 Secondary 4.1 Tertiary 3.2 Not Known 3.9 Total 4.3 Table 6.3: Total Fertility Rate by Marital Status, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Marital Status TFR Never Married 0.9 Married 6.0 Divorced/separated 3.5 Widowed 2.6 Not Stated 2.6 Total 4.3 116
Manicaland Province Chapter 6 Fertility Table 6.4: Percent Distribution of Women by Current Age, by Age at First Live Birth, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Current Age of Women Age at First Live Birth 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 Total 15-19 10.0 23.6 20.5 17.1 12.9 8.8 7.1 100 20-24 - 17.6 25.5 20.4 17.1 11.6 7.8 100 25-29 - - 23.5 26.3 21.5 17.2 11.5 100 30-34 - - - 27.3 31.1 22.7 19.0 100 35-39 - - - - 36.7 37.0 26.2 100 40-44 - - - - - 39.5 60.5 100 45-49 - - - - - - 100 100 Number 14569 54526 64720 55461 44828 31277 22882 288263 Median 17.5 19.0 20.4 20.6 20.9 21.0 20.6 19.9 117
Manicaland Province Chapter 6 Fertility Table 6.5: Percent Distribution of Women by Current Age, by Age at First Live Birth for and Urban, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Rural (a) Rural Age at First Live Birth 15-19 20-24 Current Age of Women 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 Total 15-19 10.3 23.5 20.1 16.9 13 8.9 7.3 100 20-24 - 17.4 24.9 20.2 17.5 12 8.1 100 25-29 - - 21.9 25.7 22.1 18.2 12.1 100 30-34 - - - 26.2 31.1 22.4 20.4 100 35-39 - - - - 36.6 36.0 27.5 100 40-44 - - - - - 40.9 59.1 100 45-49 - - - - - - 100 100 Number 12664 44250 50307 43528 36016 25340 18862 230967 Median 17.5 18.8 20.1 20.3 20.7 20.8 20.3 19.7 (b) Urban Age at First Live Birth 15-19 20-24 Current Age Of Women 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 Total 15-19 8.4 23.9 22.8 18.1 12.6 8.2 6 100 20-24 - 18.3 27.6 21.2 15.9 10.4 6.6 100 25-29 - - 27.4 27.5 20 14.9 10.1 100 30-34 - - - 30.2 31 23.5 15.3 100 35-39 - - - - 37.3 40.7 22 100 40-44 - - - - - 35 65 100 45-49 - - - - - - - - Number 1894 10262 14387 11909 8805 5932 4018 57207 Median 17.5 19.8 21.4 21.7 21.8 22 21.8 21.1 118
Manicaland Province Chapter 6 Fertility Table 6.6: Percent Distribution of Women by Age at First Live Birth, Current Age and Level of Education, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) No Education Current Age of Women Age at First Live Birth 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 Total 15-19 5.7 11.8 14.2 14.4 14.5 18.6 20.9 100 20-24 - 8.4 17.5 17 16.7 17.3 23.1 100 25-29 - - 8.2 23.3 16.4 24.7 27.4 100 30-34 - - - 12.5 20.8 16.7 50 100 35-39 - - - - 20 40 40 100 40-44 - - - - - - - - 45-49 - - - - - - - - Number 42 117 174.0 187 185 223 271 1199 Median 17.5 18.4 19.1 19.4 19.3 19.1 19.4 19.1 (b) Primary Current Age of Women Age at First Live Birth 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 Total 15-19 9.4 20 18.8 16.9 13.9 10.5 10.6 100 20-24 - 13.9 21.0 19.7 18.5 13.4 13.5 100 25-29 - - 16.9 22.8 23 19 18.2 100 30-34 - - - 19.3 31.3 22.5 26.9 100 35-39 - - - - 28.9 34.2 36.9 100 40-44 - - - - - 27.3 72.7 100 45-49 - - - - - - 100 100 Number 5719 16296 18521.0 17436 15454 11584 11694 96704 Median 17.5 18.3 19.0 19.2 19.5 19.5 19.5 19 (c) Secondary and above Current Age of Women Age at First Live Birth 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 Total 15-19 10.9 27.4 22.5 17.5 11.9 6.8 3 100 20-24 - 19.3 27.6 20.9 16.6 10.6 4.9 100 25-29 - - 25.9 27.7 21.1 16.3 9 100 30-34 - - - 31.6 32.1 22.6 13.7 100 35-39 - - - - 41.9 37.7 20.4 100 40-44 - - - - - 46.7 53.3 100 45-49 - - - - - - 100 100 Number 8593 37356 44896.0 36545 27643 17655 8471 181159 Median 17.5 19.3 21.1 21.3 21.7 22 22.3 20.7 119
Manicaland Province Chapter 7 Mortality and Orphanhood Chapter 7: Mortality and Orphanhood Introduction Mortality plays an important role in changing the rate of population growth in developing countries although the level of fertility is expected to be a more decisive factor in the growth of a population. Mortality level is one of the main health indicators which also contributes to the assessment of the quality of life. Ideally, indicators on mortality are computed directly from data on reported or registered deaths relating to a particular period and the total population exposed to the risk of dying during that same period. However, in the case of Zimbabwe, data on deaths based on registration are not complete. At the same time, data on deaths reported by respondents during surveys or censuses are also incomplete, partly because some respondents are reluctant to discuss details of their deceased relatives. In the absence of such information on deaths, methods have been developed for the estimation of mortality using an indirect approach. These methods utilise information on children ever born and those surviving for mothers in their child bearing ages and the survival of parents. The latter provides the basis for estimating levels of adult mortality, while the former leads to the estimation of levels of infant and child mortality. In this chapter, indicators of infant and maternal mortality are presented. These have been estimated using the direct approach. Direct methods were used to calculate Crude Death and Maternal Mortality Ratios. Indicators showing differentials by level of education of mothers and by urban and rural areas are also included. Appendix Tables A7.1 and A7.2 show the number of children surviving by age-group of mother. Infant Mortality In every population, there are pronounced age differentials in the level of mortality. The typical pattern is high infant mortality, i.e. deaths in the first year of life, declining to the lowest level in age group 5-9 years or 10-14 years and then increasing with age. Deaths during the first year of life constitute the largest proportion of the total deaths. The level of mortality for this age group is measured by infant mortality rate IMR which is the number of children dying before they celebrate their first birthday out of 1 000 born alive. The estimated infant mortality rates for the province are presented in Table 7.1a and b. Males experienced higher mortality than females. The infant mortality rate derived from the question on infant deaths in the last 12 months was 69. Using information on survival of last live birth, the infant mortality rate was 69. Further analysis of levels of mortality will be done after thorough analysis of quality of data. Child mortality estimates were difficult to obtain because of quality of data. Estimates of life expectancy will be done during in depth analysis of mortality data. Mortality Differences among Districts Table 7.1 shows that Mutasa district had the highest infant mortality rate of 87 deaths per 1 000 live births while Mutare Urban had the lowest of 51 deaths per 1 000 live births. In all districts, male mortality was higher than female mortality Differentials by Education of Mother It has been observed that the level of education of mothers in a population has an impact on the level of infant mortality of that particular population. In Table 7.2, the estimates were derived from information on the survival status of the last live birth. It can be observed that the level of mortality does not allow for any meaningful interpretation. It is generally agreed that as the education of the mother increases, there 120
Manicaland Province Chapter 7 Mortality and Orphanhood is also an increased awareness in terms of hygiene, improved diet, prevention of disease through immunisation, etc, which contributes to the reduction of deaths. Crude Death Rates The Crude Death Rate (CDR) is the number of deaths per 1 000 population in a given period, usually a year. Although it is one of the most commonly used indices of mortality, it is affected by the age-sex structure of the population and is therefore not useful for comparative purposes. The Crude Death Rates presented below were obtained using the direct method of dividing the number of deaths in the last twelve months (as reported) by the total population. Usually, reported deaths will underestimate the true levels. Indirect methods could have been used but the population showed that it was not stable which made it impossible to use the method. The estimates of the CDRs for the province and its districts are presented in Table 7.3. The overall CDR for the province was about 10 deaths per 1 000 population. The CDR were between 8 for Mutare Urban and 13 for Makoni Maternal Mortality Maternal mortality relates to deaths which occur to females in child-bearing ages and are caused by complications during the time of pregnancy and childbirth, as well as deaths occurring within 42 days of a pregnancy termination, if such deaths were birth related. In Zimbabwe, data on maternal deaths are based on hospital records and vital registration which are incomplete. At the same time, because of the rareness of these events in the general population, they are not adequately captured in sample surveys. The population census provided a good opportunity of collecting data on these events. The nature of census taking was such that it was not possible to collect detailed data relating to the events. The question in the census had to be made as simple and clear as possible. If a death to a female age 15-49 years had occurred in the household within the last 12 months, the respondent was asked whether, other than dying from an accident, the deceased had died while pregnant, during childbirth or within one month after childbirth. The data collected in this manner would not strictly reflect the true maternal deaths, but they will be quite close to the actual figure and can therefore be used to estimate the levels of maternal mortality in the country. In Table 7.4, the estimates of maternal mortality ratios for the province by district are presented. A maternal mortality ratio is the number of deaths from maternal causes per 100 000 live births, i.e. the risk of dying from pregnancy related causes. It should be noted that maternal deaths were reported by households and not by place of occurrence. The overall maternal mortality ratio for the province was 505. This rate was lowest in Mutare Urban (317) and highest in Chipinge Urban (761). It should be recalled that both the numerator (reported maternal deaths) and the denominator (reported births) can be subject to response errors. However, the figure observed should provide a reasonable proxy for the level of maternal mortality in the province. Orphanhood Table 7.5 shows percent distribution of orphans by type of orphanhood,. Orphans were those children aged 17 years and below whose mothers were dead but fathers were alive or whose fathers were dead and mothers were alive or both parents were dead. Sixty percent of the orphans had their father dead, 17 had their mother dead whilst 24 percent had both parents dead The proportion in each orphanhood category was the same for both sexes Conclusion Although the 2012 Population Census asked direct questions on deaths in an attempt to estimate levels of mortality directly, indirect methods should be used to come up with some of the mortality indicators for reasons put forward in the introduction. However, responses to direct questions are vital in the assessment of data quality and have been 121
Manicaland Province Chapter 7 Mortality and Orphanhood used to calculate crude death rate infant mortality rate and maternal mortality ratio Indicators of mortality showed that there has been an increase in infant mortality and a decrease in maternal mortality between 2002 and 2012. 122
Manicaland Province Chapter 7 Mortality and Orphanhood Table 7.1 Infant Mortality Rates by Sex and District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) District Males Females Total Buhera 79 70 74 Chimanimani 61 47 53 Chipinge Rural 67 56 62 Makoni 87 64 76 Mutare Rural 85 69 77 Mutasa 94 79 87 Nyanga 80 59 69 Mutare Urban 52 50 51 Rusape 77 67 72 Chipinge Urban 54 53 53 Total 76 63 69 Table 7.1(b) Infant Mortality Rates by Sex and urban/rural, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Sector Males Females Total Rural 80 65 73 Urban 56 51 53 Total 76 63 69 Table 7.2: Infant Mortality Rates by Level of Education of Mother, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Level of Education IMR No Education 9.3 Primary 45.8 Secondary and above 35.6 Total 38.4 123
Manicaland Province Chapter 7 Mortality and Orphanhood Table 7.3: Crude Death Rates by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District CDR Buhera 9.6 Chimanimani 9.7 Chipinge Rural 9.6 Makoni 12.7 Mutare Rural 11.7 Mutasa 11.4 Nyanga 9.5 Mutare Urban 7.8 Rusape 7.9 Chipinge Urban 8.8 Total 10.3 Table 7.4: Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District MMR Buhera 505 Chimanimani 413 Chipinge Rural 585 Makoni 741 Mutare Rural 495 Mutasa 324 Nyanga 408 Mutare Urban 317 Rusape 368 Chipinge Urban 761 Total 505 Table 7.5: Percent Distribution of Orphans by Type of Orphanhood Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Type of Orphan Males Females Total Father Dead Mother Alive 59.5 59.5 59.5 Father Alive Mother Dead 16.6 16.6 16.6 Both Parents Dead 23.9 23.9 23.9 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 124
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics Chapter 8: Housing Characteristics Introduction This chapter describes the housing characteristics in Manicaland province. Information on housing characteristics collected from private households was on tenure status, type of dwelling unit, access to electricity, main source of water for drinking and cooking and distance to source, toilet facilities and main source of energy for cooking. Such housing characteristics provide indicators to assess the living conditions of the population. Tenure Status Tenure status refers to the arrangement under which the household occupies its living quarters and the nature of its right to be there. The distribution of private households by tenure status can be observed in Table 8.1. Owners/Purchasers accounted for about 73 percent of the households while households in tied accommodation were 16 percent. Ten percent were lodgers and 2 percent tenants. In all districts in the province owners/purchasers constituted the largest proportion except in Mutare Urban, Rusape and Chipinge Urban where lodgers accounted for between 47 percent and 52 percent in each. Households in tied accommodation constituted the second largest proportion in all districts except Mutare Urban, Rusape and Chipinge Urban. In these urban the second largest proportion was in the owner/ purchaser category. Type of Dwelling Unit Type of dwelling unit refers to the kind of housing occupied by the household. Traditional dwelling units are found in the old style family settlement in which a number of buildings are made of pole and dagga/bricks with thatched roofs. A mixed dwelling unit is found in old style family settlement where one or more of the buildings in a cluster are built of materials more modern than pole and dagga/bricks and thatch. A detached dwelling unit is a structurally separate dwelling unit which is built of materials other than pole and dagga. Access to the street is by means of a path, or steps, directly on to the pavement, not shared by other dwelling units. Semidetached dwelling units consist of one of two dwelling units with a common wall between them. Flat/town-house is one of three or more dwelling units in a row divided by common walls, with their gardens separated by fences, hedges or walls and whose separate accesses to the street meet the conditions as given for the detached house. Residential buildings with several floors are also included in this category. The distribution of households by type of dwelling unit in Table 8.2 indicates that about 29 percent of the households in the province lived in modern type of dwelling units. A high percentage (67 percent) occupied dwelling units which were either traditional or mixed. With the exception of Mutare Urban, Rusape and Chipinge Urban the proportion of households in modern type of dwelling units ranged from 9 percent in Buhera to 33 percent in Chimanimani. Dwelling Units with Electricity Table 8.3 shows that 60 percent of the households in the province had dwelling units without electricity. The proportion of households occupying dwelling units with electricity were 17 percent in Chipinge Rural and 31 percent in Chimanimani. Eighty-eight and 80 percent of the households in Mutare Urban and Rusape respectively lived in dwelling units with electricity. Main Source of Water for Drinking and Cooking Table 8.4 shows that 9 percent of all the households had piped water inside their dwelling units. A further 13 percent had
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics piped water outside their dwelling units. About 46 percent of the households fetched their water from boreholes and protected wells, 6 percent from communal taps, and about 22 percent from unprotected wells and rivers/streams and dams. Table 8.5a shows that 28 percent of the households had their main source of water on their premises, while 35 and 24 percent respectively had their main source of water within 500 and between 500 and 1000 metres of the facility and 10 percent had their main source of water from a distance of more than 1000 metres. For those using piped water outside their dwelling units, 78 percent had this on their premises while 22 percent had to cover a distance of less than 500 metres to fetch the water. In the case of communal tap users, about 15 percent had this facility on their premises, 70 percent within 500 metres, 2 percent between 500 and 1000 metres and about less than 1 percent covered a distance of more than 1000 metres. A proxy of the proportion of households using what could be termed safe water can be obtained. Without applying any rigorous health or hygienic standards one could say that households using piped water, communal taps, protected boreholes and wells have access to safe water. Ninety- Six percent of the households in Rusape had access to safe water while 97 percent of the households in Mutare Urban District had access to safe water. Mutasa had 65 percent, Chipinge Rural 66 percent and Makoni 71 see Tables 8.5b-j. Table 8.5b presents the distribution of households by main source of water for drinking and cooking as well as the distance from the dwelling unit to the source for Buhera district. Twenty percent of the households had their main source of water on premises, 36 percent fetched their water from within a distance of 500 metres and 29 percent had to cover a distance of between 500 and 1000 metres and a small proportion (11 percent) covered a distance of more than 1000 metres. Information on main source of water for drinking and cooking in Chimanimani district can be observed in Table 8.5c. Twenty-four percent of the households in this district had water on premises, 42 percent had their water source located within 500 metres and 22 percent had to cover a distance of 500 metres or more. The situation for Chipinge Rural with regard to accessibility of water can be observed in Table 8.5d. Eleven percent of the households had water on premises and about 33 percent fetched their water from within a distance of less than 500 metres while a large proportion (32 percent) had this facility more than 500 metres from the dwelling unit. In Makoni 23 percent of households had their main source of water on premises. Close to 40 percent of households covered a distance of 500 metres or more, see Table 8.5e.Nineteen percent of households in Mutare Rural had their main source of water on premises and 40 percent fetched their water from within a distance of less than 500 metres, 28 percent covered a distance of 500-1 000 metres or more while 9 percent had their water source located 1000 metres or more, see Table 8.5f. It can be observed from Table 8.5g that in Mutasa district 17 percent of the household had water on premises, 50 percent had their water source located within 500 metres, 24 percent had to cover a distance of 500-1 000 metres and 5 percent had their water source located 1000 metres or more. In Nyanga 20 percent had their main source of water on premises. Thirty percent covered a distance of 500-1 000 metres, see Table 8.5h. The situation for Mutare Urban and Rusape with regard to accessibility of water can be observed in Tables 8.5h and i 82 percent Mutare Urban and 94 percent for Rusape of the households had water on premises or fetched water from within a distance of less than 500 metres in both districts.
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics Toilet Facilities Information on toilet facilities is presented in Table 8.6. Fifteen percent of the households in the province mostly used flush toilets. The proportion of households which mostly used blair toilets was 27 percent while that which mostly used pit latrines was 29 percent. There was a significant proportion (20 percent) of households which was not using any type of toilet facility at all. The largest proportions of households which mostly used flush toilets were in Rusape and Mutare Urban, 85 and 86 percent respectively. The proportion of households without any toilet facility ranged from less than one percent each in Mutare Urban and Chipinge Urban to 50 percent in Buhera. Source of Energy Mostly Used for Cooking Table 8.7 shows that 81 percent of the households in the province used wood as the main source of fuel for cooking. The proportion of households which used paraffin was less than one percent, while that which used electricity was 15 percent. A very small proportion of households, less than one percent, used either gas, coal or some other form of fuel for cooking. Generally, all districts had high proportions of households over 89 percent using wood for cooking with the exception of Chipinge Urban, Rusape and Mutare. Seventy-three percent each of households in Mutare Urban and Rusape used electricity for cooking. Conclusion This chapter shows that most households in the province lived in traditional type of accommodation, had access to clean water, used wood as their main source of energy for cooking and had access to blair toilets.
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics Table 8.1: Percent Distribution of Households by Tenure Status and District: Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2002 Census Manicaland Owner/Purchaser Tenant Lodger Tied accommodation Other Missing Total Number Buhera 88.2 0.5 2.8 3.9 1.6 3.0 100 56178 Chimanimani 74.9 0.6 6.2 13.9 1.1 3.4 100 32578 Chipinge 76.2 0.9 3.1 13.9 2.5 3.4 100 64675 Makoni 79 0.8 2.4 10.8 3.5 3.5 100 63158 Mutare Rural 81.8 0.7 3.5 8.0 2.2 3.7 100 57683 Mutasa 73.9 1.0 5.1 14.7 2.6 2.6 100 41884 Nyanga Rural 75.8 0.5 4.2 15.1 2.2 2.3 100 32207 Mutare 35.5 7.1 46.8 6.2 2.1 2.3 100 47004 Rusape 32.6 2.7 52 6.8 3.9 1.9 100 8015 Chipinge 36.7 1.2 48.4 8.4 3.6 1.8 100 6700 Total 72.5 1.5 10.3 10.3 2.4 3.1 100 410082 Table 8.2: Percent Distribution of Households by District and Type of Dwelling Unit: Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District Traditional Mixed Detached Semi-detached Flat/townhouse Shack Other Missing Total Number Buhera 32.4 55.7 7.2 1.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 3.0 100 56178 Chimanimani 24.6 35.3 26.3 7.2 0.1 2.8 0.4 3.4 100 32578 Chipinge 42.7 31.4 12.7 7.9 1.3 0.2 0.3 3.4 100 64675 Makoni 24.6 61.1 7.0 3.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 3.5 100 63158 Mutare Rural 21.9 57 13 3.2 0.5 0.4 0.3 3.7 100 57683 Mutasa 18.7 54.5 14.7 5.8 2.0 1.3 0.3 2.7 100 41884 Nyanga Rural 32.6 44.3 10.7 5.9 1.7 2.1 0.5 2.4 100 32207 Mutare 0.3 1.2 66.4 17.6 6.7 3.7 1.8 2.3 100 47004 Rusape 1.2 0.3 76.5 12.4 6.5 0.8 0.3 1.9 100 8015 Chipinge 0.1 2.2 64.4 10.2 3.1 16.1 2.0 1.9 100 6700 Total 24.5 42.0 20.5 6.4 1.6 1.3 0.5 3.1 100 410082
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics Table 8.3: Percent Distribution of Households in Dwelling Units With Electricity by District, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District Yes No Missing Total Number Buhera 32.7 64.2 3.1 100 56178 Chimanimani 29.3 67.2 3.6 100 32578 Chipinge 17.1 79.3 3.6 100 64675 Makoni 34.8 61.6 3.6 100 63158 Mutare Rural 31.8 64.4 3.8 100 57683 Mutasa 33.3 63.9 2.7 100 41884 Nyanga Rural 32.1 65.5 2.4 100 32207 Mutare 81.4 16.2 2.5 100 47004 Rusape 79.5 18.3 2.1 100 8015 Chipinge 63.6 34.5 1.9 100 6700 Total 37.2 59.6 3.2 100 410082
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics Table 8.4: Percent Distribution of Households by Main Source of Water for Drinking and cooking and by Distan ce (metres) to the source, Harare Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Source of Water On premises Less than 500m 500m to 1km More than 1km Missing Total Piped water inside house 32.8 - - - - 9.1 Piped water outside house 34.0 7.6 1.0 0.5 1.4 12.5 Communal tape 3.2 11.5 3.0 1.4 1.2 5.8 Well/borehole protected 24.3 53.9 63.2 61.0 8.1 46.9 Well - unprotected 5.0 20.5 23.6 21.9 4.4 16.5 River/stream/dam 0.3 5.2 7.4 1.0 1.4 4.8 Other specify 0.1 0.9 1.4 2.7 0.5 1.0 Missing 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 83 3.4 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 Number 113907 144676 98005 38254 15240 410082
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics Table 8.5: Percent Distribution of Households by Main Source of Water for Drinking and Cooking and Distance (metres) to the Source, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Water Source On premises Less than 500m 500m to 1km More than 1km Missing Total Number Piped water inside house 100 - - - - 100 37405 Piped water outside house 75.6 21.6 2.0 0.4 0.4 100 51149 Communal tape 15.2 69.5 12.2 2.2 0.8 100 23930 Well/borehole protected 14.4 40.6 32.3 12.1 0.6 100 192165 Well - unprotected 8.5 43.9 34.2 12.4 1.0 100 67578 River/stream/dam 1.7 37.8 36.3 23.1 1.1 100 19858 Other specify 3.5 34.1 33.9 26.5 2.0 100 3939 Missing 2.4 3.4 3.0 1.2 90 100 14058 Total 27.8 35.3 23.9 9.3 3.7 100 410082
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics Table 8.5b: Percent Distribution of Households by Main Source of Water for Drinking and Cooking and by Distance (metres) to the Source, Manicaland Province Zimbabwe 2012 Census Manicaland (a) Buhera Source of water On premises Less than 500m 500m to 1km More than 1km Missing Total Number Piped water inside house 100 - - - - 100 736 Piped water outside house 73.4 21.6 3.7 1.0 0.3 100 1839 Communal tape 10.2 42.1 31.9 15.3 0.6 100 354 Well/borehole protected 19.9 39.0 30.0 10.6 0.5 100 39177 Well - unprotected 14.8 42.6 32.2 9.5 0.9 100 8274 River/stream/dam 0.3 26.0 44.5 28.1 1.0 100 3933 Other specify 14.0 32.6 23.3 20.9 9.3 100 43 Missing 1.8 3.2 3.0 1.0 91.1 100 1822 Total 19.9 36.4 29.2 10.9 3.5 100 56178
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics (b) Chimanimani On premises Less than 500m 500m to 1km More than 1km Missing Total Number Source of water Piped water inside house 100 - - - - 100 1414 Piped water outside house 72.2 24.5 2.3 0.7 0.3 100 7909 Communal tape 12.9 78.8 6.7 1.2 0.5 100 2945 Well/borehole protected 1.8 41.7 40.0 15.8 0.6 100 11985 Well - unprotected 2.0 63 27.2 6.5 1.3 100 5259 River/stream/dam 2.1 61.3 25.7 9.8 1.2 100 1604 Other specify 2.2 65.7 24.8 4.3 3.0 100 230 Missing 1.0 2.8 2.2 0.5 93.6 100 1232 Total 24.2 42.2 21.8 7.7 4.2 100 32578
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics (c) Chipinge Less than 500m More than 1km Missing Total Number Source of water On premises 500m to 1km Piped water inside house 100 - - - - 100 1192 Piped water outside house 69.9 25 3.1 0.9 1.0 100 3948 Communal tape 17.7 70.9 7.9 2.2 1.3 100 4230 Well/borehole protected 6.2 36.6 37.1 19.1 1.0 100 33503 Well - unprotected 3.8 27.1 39.0 28.9 1.2 100 13312 River/stream/dam 0.3 20.5 36.4 41.5 1.3 100 3642 Other specify 0.7 25.0 36.8 35.8 1.7 100 2212 Missing 1.5 4.8 5.5 3.2 85 100 2636 Total 11.4 32.9 31.5 19.7 4.5 100 64675
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics (d)makoni Less than 500m More than 1km Missing Total Number Source of water On premises 500m to 1km Piped water inside house 100 - - - - 100 1586 Piped water outside house 67.3 28.2 3.3 0.9 0.3 100 1851 Communal tape 14.1 66.2 16.1 2.8 0.8 100 1951 Well/borehole protected 23.1 42 26.7 7.7 0.5 100 39530 Well - unprotected 16.9 44.5 30.2 7.5 0.9 100 13554 River/stream/dam 2.3 38.9 36.1 21.7 1.0 100 2222 Other specify 8.3 41.7 26.7 15.0 8.3 100 60 Missing 2.4 2.9 2.4 0.7 91.6 100 2404 Total 23.2 40.2 25.2 7.3 4.1 100 63158
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics (e) Mutare Rural Less than 500m More than 1km Missing Total Number Source of water On premises 500m to 1km Piped water inside house 100 - - - - 100 1074 Piped water outside house 67.5 26.3 4.7 1.0 0.5 100 2855 Communal tape 15.4 58.8 20.1 4.9 0.8 100 2196 Well/borehole protected 18.4 41.6 29.7 9.7 0.6 100 35135 Well - unprotected 11.0 44.3 33.3 10.4 1.0 100 11195 River/stream/dam 1.3 39.4 38.0 20.0 1.2 100 2674 Other specify 13.8 35.5 31.5 17.2 2.0 100 203 Missing 1.9 4.3 3.2 0.9 89.7 100 2351 Total 19.3 39.6 27.6 9.2 4.3 100 57683
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics (f) Mutasa Less than 500m More than 1km Missing Total Number Source of water On premises 500m to 1km Piped water inside house 100 - - - - 100 2067 Piped water outside house 50.3 44.9 3.9 0.5 0.4 100 6990 Communal tape 9.0 74.5 12.2 3.5 0.7 100 4023 Well/borehole protected 6.0 53.4 33.1 6.8 0.7 100 14166 Well - unprotected 1.7 55.0 37.0 5.5 0.8 100 10779 River/stream/dam 3.1 63.0 28.1 5.0 0.8 100 2558 Other specify 8.0 48.0 29.3 13.3 1.3 100 75 Missing 1.1 3.3 2.9 0.4 92.2 100 1226 Total 16.9 50.9 24.4 4.5 3.3 100 41884
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics (g) Nyanga Rural Less than 500m More than 1km Missing Total Number Source of water On premises 500m to 1km Piped water inside house 100 - - - - 100 1522 Piped water outside house 68.2 29.5 1.8 0.2 0.3 100 5235 Communal tape 24.4 61.5 11.8 1.5 0.8 100 1570 Well/borehole protected 3.2 33.2 41.7 21.5 0.4 100 15009 Well - unprotected 3.9 44.9 37.0 13.6 0.6 100 4533 River/stream/dam 3.6 38.6 37.1 19.9 0.8 100 3095 Other specify 16.2 34.6 29.3 17.4 2.4 100 413 Missing 1.2 2.5 2.9 1.4 91.9 100 830 Total 19.6 33.8 29.5 14.2 2.8 100 32207
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics (h) Mutare Less than 500m More than 1km Missing Total Number Source of water On premises 500m to 1km Piped water inside house 100 - - - - 100 22974 Piped water outside house 90.5 8.6 0.4 * 0.4 100 15853 Communal tape 16.1 71.2 11.9 0.2 0.6 100 6059 Well/borehole protected 18.1 48.9 28.4 3.1 1.4 100 415 Well - unprotected 2.6 44.1 51.0 1.5 0.8 100 390 River/stream/dam - - - 100-100 1 Other specify 4.1 45.9 40.5 6.8 2.7 100 74 Missing 8.6 1.6 0.2 0.1 89.5 100 1238 Total 81.9 13.0 2.4 0.1 2.6 100 47004
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics (i) Rusape On premises Less than 500m 500m to 1km More than 1km Missing Total Number Source of water Piped water inside house 100 - - - - 100 3871 Piped water outside house 96.2 3.4 * * 0.4 100 3130 Communal tape 71.6 27.5 - - 1 100 102 Well/borehole protected 75.8 21.6 1.9-0.7 100 690 Well - unprotected 82.1 15.4 - - 2.6 100 39 River/stream/dam - - - - - - - Other specify - 62.5 37.5 - - 100 8 Missing 10.3 - - - 89.7 100 175 Total 93.9 3.7 0.2 * 2.2 100 8015
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics (j) Chipinge On premises Less than 500m 500m to 1km More than 1km Missing Total Number Source of water Piped water inside house 100 - - - - 100 969 Piped water outside house 79.7 18.3 1.8 0.2 0.1 100 1539 Communal tape 13.8 56.2 27.2 2.4 0.4 100 500 Well/borehole protected 0.9 50.8 36.2 11.1 0.9 100 2555 Well - unprotected 0.8 39.9 52.3 6.2 0.8 100 243 River/stream/dam 0.8 23.3 33.3 41.9 0.8 100 129 Other specify 0.2 50.1 32 16.6 1.1 100 621 Missing 4.9 3.5 2.1 0.7 88.9 100 144 Total 34.3 34.4 21.8 7 2.5 100 6700
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics Total On premises Less than 500m 500m to 1km More than 1km Missing Total Number Source of water Piped water inside house 100 - - - - 100 37405 Piped water outside house 75.6 21.6 2 0.4 0.4 100 51149 Communal tape 15.2 69.5 12.2 2.2 0.8 100 23930 Well/borehole protected 14.4 40.6 32.3 12.1 0.6 100 192165 Well - unprotected 8.5 43.9 34.2 12.4 1 100 67578 River/stream/dam 1.7 37.8 36.3 23.1 1.1 100 19858 Other specify 3.5 34.1 33.9 26.5 2 100 3939 Missing 2.4 3.4 3 1.2 90 100 14058 Total 27.8 35.3 23.9 9.3 3.7 100 410082
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics Table 8.6: Percent Distribution of Households by District, Type of Toilet Facility Mostly Used by the Household, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District Flush Blair Pit Communal None Missing Total Number Buhera 1.8 27.4 14.6 3.5 49.5 3.2 100 56178 Chimanimani 4.6 30.5 45.6 6.7 9 3.6 100 32578 Chipinge 2.2 25.1 42.4 8.9 17.8 3.6 100 64675 Makoni 3.5 34.1 26 4.4 28.3 3.7 100 63158 Mutare Rural 3.4 32.2 36.5 4.5 19.5 4 100 57683 Mutasa 6.7 35.5 43.3 6.1 5.5 2.8 100 41884 Nyanga Rural 7.5 34.7 23.1 5.7 26.5 2.5 100 32207 Mutare 83.4 1.3 3.9 8.7 0.3 2.4 100 47004 Rusape 85.3 4.4 5 2.6 0.5 2.1 100 8015 Chipinge 51.8 2 39.7 3.7 0.9 2 100 6700 Total 15.3 26.5 28.9 5.9 20.1 3.3 100 410082
Manicaland Province Chapter 8 Housing Characteristics Table 8.7: Percent Distribution of Households by District, Source of Energy Mainly Used by Households for Cooking, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census District Wood Paraffin Electricity Gas Coal Other Missing Total Number Buhera 93.5 0.1 3.2 * * * 3.2 100 56178 Chimanimani 89.9 0.3 6.3 * * * 3.6 100 32578 Chipinge 90.8 0.1 5.2 * 0.1 0.1 3.6 100 64675 Makoni 92.4 0.1 3.9 * * * 3.5 100 63158 Mutare Rural 92.8 0.1 3.3 * * * 3.7 100 57683 Mutasa 87.8 0.1 9.3 0.1 * * 2.7 100 41884 Nyanga Rural 89.3 0.1 8.1 * * * 2.4 100 32207 Mutare 22.6 1.1 73.7 0.3 0.1 * 2.2 100 47004 Rusape 23.5 1.3 73 0.3 * * 1.9 100 8015 Chipinge 42.5 0.3 54.4 0.1 0.8 0.2 1.8 100 6700 Total 81.3 0.2 15.2 0.1 * * 3.1 100 410082
Manicaland Province Appendices Appendices Table A1.1: Distribution of Population by Sex in Districts and Wards, Total number of Households in Districts and Wards, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Buhera Ward Population Households Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Sex Ratio Number Average Size Ward 01 2106 45 2578 55 4684 100 81.7 1147 4.1 Ward 02 2068 46.9 2339 53.1 4407 100 88.4 1075 4.1 Ward 03 2010 46.4 2322 53.6 4332 100 86.6 1037 4.2 Ward 04 2893 45.8 3420 54.2 6313 100 84.6 1522 4.1 Ward 05 4155 48.2 4458 51.8 8613 100 93.2 2146 4.0 Ward 06 4076 46.4 4709 53.6 8785 100 86.6 2071 4.2 Ward 07 2432 46.3 2817 53.7 5249 100 86.3 1198 4.4 Ward 08 2355 46.8 2679 53.2 5034 100 87.9 1209 4.2 Ward 09 2461 47 2773 53 5234 100 88.7 1262 4.1 Ward 10 2697 45.5 3234 54.5 5931 100 83.4 1394 4.3 Ward 11 2987 45.8 3528 54.2 6515 100 84.7 1413 4.6 Ward 12 3672 47.1 4121 52.9 7793 100 89.1 1775 4.4 Ward 13 3343 48.3 3572 51.7 6915 100 93.6 1563 4.4 Ward 14 6381 45.3 7691 54.7 14072 100 83.0 3367 4.2 Ward 15 4548 45.4 5466 54.6 10014 100 83.2 2327 4.3 Ward 16 2510 46.2 2918 53.8 5428 100 86.0 1296 4.2 Ward 17 1919 45.1 2336 54.9 4255 100 82.1 1002 4.2 Ward 18 3184 46.1 3726 53.9 6910 100 85.5 1512 4.6 Ward 19 2537 46.4 2930 53.6 5467 100 86.6 1237 4.4 Ward 20 3362 46.4 3883 53.6 7245 100 86.6 1597 4.5 Ward 21 3311 46.5 3812 53.5 7123 100 86.9 1554 4.6 Ward 22 6162 46.8 7002 53.2 13164 100 88.0 2815 4.7 Ward 23 5579 46.9 6321 53.1 11900 100 88.3 2623 4.5 Ward 24 4200 46.9 4763 53.1 8963 100 88.2 1992 4.5 Ward 25 4865 46.9 5516 53.1 10381 100 88.2 2329 4.5 Ward 26 3379 45.9 3979 54.1 7358 100 84.9 1661 4.4 Ward 27 3851 47.4 4272 52.6 8123 100 90.1 1777 4.6 Ward 28 4571 45.8 5410 54.2 9981 100 84.5 2214 4.5 Ward 29 4343 46 5107 54 9450 100 85.0 2107 4.5 Ward 30 2152 46 2530 54 4682 100 85.1 1061 4.4 Ward 31 2576 46.6 2952 53.4 5528 100 87.3 1339 4.1 Ward 32 2878 46.3 3343 53.7 6221 100 86.1 1385 4.5 Ward 33 4543 46.3 5265 53.7 9808 100 86.3 2171 4.5 Total 114106 46.4 131772 53.6 245878 100 86.6 56178 4.4
Manicaland Province Appendices Chimanimani Ward Population Households Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Sex Ratio Number Average Size Ward 01 2773 52.3 2529 47.7 5302 100 109.6 1276 4.2 Ward 02 1799 46.6 2065 53.4 3864 100 87.1 889 4.3 Ward 03 2596 46.7 2965 53.3 5561 100 87.6 1322 4.2 Ward 04 3983 46.8 4519 53.2 8502 100 88.1 2046 4.2 Ward 05 3652 52 3370 48 7022 100 108.4 1709 4.1 Ward 06 1159 45 1417 55 2576 100 81.8 647 4.0 Ward 07 3458 47.5 3826 52.5 7284 100 90.4 1679 4.3 Ward 08 4095 46.5 4709 53.5 8804 100 87.0 2080 4.2 Ward 09 816 47.7 896 52.3 1712 100 91.1 420 4.1 Ward 10 1224 45.2 1481 54.8 2705 100 82.6 634 4.3 Ward 11 789 50.1 787 49.9 1576 100 100.3 419 3.8 Ward 12 2825 54.8 2330 45.2 5155 100 121.2 1634 3.2 Ward 13 5320 47.9 5792 52.1 11112 100 91.9 2423 4.6 Ward 14 1954 52.8 1747 47.2 3701 100 111.8 1112 3.3 Ward 15 2475 47.9 2690 52.1 5165 100 92.0 1444 3.6 Ward 16 6493 49.9 6511 50.1 13004 100 99.7 3147 4.1 Ward 17 2793 48.2 3006 51.8 5799 100 92.9 1196 4.8 Ward 18 1195 48 1296 52 2491 100 92.2 622 4.0 Ward 19 1265 45.4 1522 54.6 2787 100 83.1 656 4.2 Ward 20 3348 46.1 3917 53.9 7265 100 85.5 1631 4.5 Ward 21 3066 46.5 3532 53.5 6598 100 86.8 1571 4.2 Ward 22 4650 46.7 5316 53.3 9966 100 87.5 2387 4.2 Ward 23 3017 43.2 3971 56.8 6988 100 76.0 1634 4.3 Total 64745 48 70194 52 134939 100 92.2 32578 4.1
Manicaland Province Appendices Chipinge Rural Ward Population Households Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Sex Ratio Number Average Size Ward 01 3208 45.5 3844 54.5 7052 100 83.5 1656 4.3 Ward 02 3135 44.4 3931 55.6 7066 100 79.8 1585 4.5 Ward 03 4882 43.8 6252 56.2 11134 100 78.1 2522 4.4 Ward 04 2971 44.4 3718 55.6 6689 100 79.9 1491 4.5 Ward 05 5767 51.5 5440 48.5 11207 100 106.0 2721 4.1 Ward 06 6032 48.1 6520 51.9 12552 100 92.5 2722 4.6 Ward 07 2326 49.8 2340 50.2 4666 100 99.4 1204 3.9 Ward 08 7160 50.2 7107 49.8 14267 100 100.7 3593 4.0 Ward 09 2476 47.7 2720 52.3 5196 100 91.0 1042 5.0 Ward 10 2052 49.8 2068 50.2 4120 100 99.2 866 4.8 Ward 11 1556 47.9 1693 52.1 3249 100 91.9 749 4.3 Ward 12 2578 47.9 2800 52.1 5378 100 92.1 1125 4.8 Ward 13 2983 48.3 3189 51.7 6172 100 93.5 1283 4.8 Ward 14 2107 45.1 2562 54.9 4669 100 82.2 959 4.9 Ward 15 3271 45.3 3953 54.7 7224 100 82.7 1538 4.7 Ward 16 5288 44.6 6557 55.4 11845 100 80.6 2739 4.3 Ward 17 5646 45.3 6815 54.7 12461 100 82.8 2489 5.0 Ward 18 5101 45.1 6211 54.9 11312 100 82.1 2290 4.9 Ward 19 5941 46.5 6831 53.5 12772 100 87.0 2921 4.4 Ward 20 8323 44.8 10260 55.2 18583 100 81.1 4062 4.6 Ward 21 4110 44.9 5049 55.1 9159 100 81.4 1944 4.7 Ward 22 4615 45.2 5586 54.8 10201 100 82.6 2109 4.8 Ward 23 3975 46.3 4606 53.7 8581 100 86.3 1730 5.0 Ward 24 8385 45.4 10083 54.6 18468 100 83.2 3906 4.7 Ward 25 6209 45.3 7506 54.7 13715 100 82.7 2688 5.1 Ward 26 8391 47 9480 53 17871 100 88.5 4236 4.2 Ward 27 3065 43 4068 57 7133 100 75.3 1524 4.7 Ward 28 9038 46.1 10562 53.9 19600 100 85.6 3819 5.1 Ward 29 5825 45.5 6965 54.5 12790 100 83.6 2459 5.2 Ward 30 1735 47 1957 53 3692 100 88.7 701 5.3 Ward 32 8 47.1 9 52.9 17 100 88.9 2 8.5 Total 138159 46.2 160682 53.8 298841 100 86.0 64675 4.6
Manicaland Province Appendices Makoni Ward Population Households Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Sex Ratio Number Average Size Ward 01 1884 47.5 2084 52.5 3968 100 90.4 1020 3.9 Ward 02 3186 50 3190 50 6376 100 99.9 1499 4.3 Ward 03 3961 48.3 4245 51.7 8206 100 93.3 2027 4.0 Ward 04 244 50.1 243 49.9 487 100 100.4 100 4.9 Ward 05 5959 47.9 6490 52.1 12449 100 91.8 3075 4.0 Ward 06 5250 51.9 4873 48.1 10123 100 107.7 2268 4.5 Ward 07 5675 49.1 5889 50.9 11564 100 96.4 2506 4.6 Ward 08 6679 50.5 6558 49.5 13237 100 101.8 2844 4.7 Ward 09 4461 49.3 4592 50.7 9053 100 97.1 1887 4.8 Ward 10 3115 49.7 3156 50.3 6271 100 98.7 1348 4.7 Ward 11 3764 52.1 3459 47.9 7223 100 108.8 1735 4.2 Ward 12 5816 47.8 6364 52.2 12180 100 91.4 2899 4.2 Ward 13 771 54.5 644 45.5 1415 100 119.7 344 4.1 Ward 14 2648 47.3 2950 52.7 5598 100 89.8 1241 4.5 Ward 15 3804 46.8 4324 53.2 8128 100 88.0 1988 4.1 Ward 16 6536 48.6 6903 51.4 13439 100 94.7 3053 4.4 Ward 17 4587 51.9 4259 48.1 8846 100 107.7 2054 4.3 Ward 18 3038 48.9 3179 51.1 6217 100 95.6 1408 4.4 Ward 19 2790 49.1 2893 50.9 5683 100 96.4 1271 4.5 Ward 20 2802 49.4 2872 50.6 5674 100 97.6 1383 4.1 Ward 21 1913 46 2243 54 4156 100 85.3 989 4.2 Ward 22 1556 45.9 1835 54.1 3391 100 84.8 833 4.1 Ward 23 4206 48.3 4505 51.7 8711 100 93.4 2064 4.2 Ward 24 2857 46.6 3278 53.4 6135 100 87.2 1472 4.2 Ward 25 3531 46.6 4047 53.4 7578 100 87.2 1859 4.1 Ward 26 4330 47.6 4759 52.4 9089 100 91.0 2234 4.1 Ward 27 4072 46.7 4648 53.3 8720 100 87.6 2047 4.3 Ward 28 2123 47.3 2369 52.7 4492 100 89.6 1042 4.3 Ward 29 1632 48.1 1764 51.9 3396 100 92.5 867 3.9 Ward 30 3284 47.8 3586 52.2 6870 100 91.6 1459 4.7 Ward 31 4445 48.1 4798 51.9 9243 100 92.6 1650 5.6 Ward 32 664 47.3 740 52.7 1404 100 89.7 372 3.8 Ward 33 1226 49.7 1243 50.3 2469 100 98.6 724 3.4 Ward 34 1900 48.5 2014 51.5 3914 100 94.3 828 4.7 Ward 35 4991 50.3 4933 49.7 9924 100 101.2 2164 4.6 Ward 36 2620 47.7 2869 52.3 5489 100 91.3 1326 4.1 Ward 37 6032 52.7 5424 47.3 11456 100 111.2 2955 3.9 Ward 38 2682 53.9 2297 46.1 4979 100 116.8 1243 4.0 Ward 39 2328 48.6 2459 51.4 4787 100 94.7 1080 4.4 Total 133362 49 138978 51 272340 100 96.0 63158 4.3
Manicaland Province Appendices Mutare Rural Ward Population Households Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Sex Ratio Number Average Size Ward 01 5996 45.7 7119 54.3 13115 100 84.2 2357 5.6 Ward 02 5288 49.4 5410 50.6 10698 100 97.7 2142 5.0 Ward 03 6300 50.6 6159 49.4 12459 100 102.3 2868 4.3 Ward 04 1857 46.8 2107 53.2 3964 100 88.1 927 4.3 Ward 05 1831 47.9 1991 52.1 3822 100 92.0 870 4.4 Ward 06 3297 47.1 3700 52.9 6997 100 89.1 1539 4.5 Ward 07 2363 51.6 2216 48.4 4579 100 106.6 1195 3.8 Ward 08 1087 47.6 1199 52.4 2286 100 90.7 473 4.8 Ward 09 2832 47.1 3185 52.9 6017 100 88.9 1300 4.6 Ward 10 4089 48.1 4419 51.9 8508 100 92.5 1621 5.2 Ward 11 3544 47 4000 53 7544 100 88.6 1664 4.5 Ward 12 3085 46.6 3529 53.4 6614 100 87.4 1469 4.5 Ward 13 2440 49.2 2523 50.8 4963 100 96.7 1081 4.6 Ward 14 2290 48.2 2458 51.8 4748 100 93.2 1037 4.6 Ward 15 6401 46.7 7294 53.3 13695 100 87.8 2990 4.6 Ward 16 6787 44.2 8569 55.8 15356 100 79.2 3582 4.3 Ward 17 3087 45.3 3731 54.7 6818 100 82.7 1570 4.3 Ward 18 3172 46.3 3674 53.7 6846 100 86.3 1548 4.4 Ward 19 2904 45.4 3497 54.6 6401 100 83.0 1492 4.3 Ward 20 2075 46.5 2390 53.5 4465 100 86.8 1023 4.4 Ward 21 2160 44.5 2695 55.5 4855 100 80.1 1112 4.4 Ward 22 4367 48.3 4681 51.7 9048 100 93.3 1963 4.6 Ward 23 3098 46.5 3562 53.5 6660 100 87.0 1474 4.5 Ward 24 4133 47.6 4555 52.4 8688 100 90.7 1947 4.5 Ward 25 2787 46.2 3247 53.8 6034 100 85.8 1359 4.4 Ward 26 1358 47.2 1521 52.8 2879 100 89.3 658 4.4 Ward 27 2017 45.7 2399 54.3 4416 100 84.1 1068 4.1 Ward 28 2721 47 3071 53 5792 100 88.6 1289 4.5 Ward 29 4801 49.3 4933 50.7 9734 100 97.3 2047 4.8 Ward 30 7109 56.3 5528 43.7 12637 100 128.6 2388 5.3 Ward 31 1285 49.8 1293 50.2 2578 100 99.4 716 3.6 Ward 32 2552 45.4 3063 54.6 5615 100 83.3 1302 4.3 Ward 33 3862 52.1 3549 47.9 7411 100 108.8 2095 3.5 Ward 34 7509 51.5 7070 48.5 14579 100 106.2 2952 4.9 Ward 35 3118 47.6 3427 52.4 6545 100 91.0 1520 4.3 Ward 36 2248 47.2 2510 52.8 4758 100 89.6 1045 4.6 Total 125850 48 136274 52 262124 100 92.4 57683 4.5
Manicaland Province Appendices Mutasa Ward Population Households Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Sex Ratio Number Average Size Ward 01 4227 45.3 5114 54.7 9341 100 82.7 2172 4.3 Ward 02 1346 52.1 1239 47.9 2585 100 108.6 855 3.0 Ward 03 4282 45.7 5087 54.3 9369 100 84.2 2207 4.2 Ward 04 2791 46.7 3186 53.3 5977 100 87.6 1439 4.2 Ward 05 3368 45.8 3979 54.2 7347 100 84.6 1795 4.1 Ward 06 2929 44.9 3599 55.1 6528 100 81.4 1537 4.2 Ward 07 3945 46.1 4604 53.9 8549 100 85.7 2085 4.1 Ward 08 2912 45.5 3487 54.5 6399 100 83.5 1585 4.0 Ward 09 2390 44.9 2932 55.1 5322 100 81.5 1284 4.1 Ward 10 1721 45.8 2034 54.2 3755 100 84.6 963 3.9 Ward 11 5047 46.1 5896 53.9 10943 100 85.6 2653 4.1 Ward 12 2724 45.1 3320 54.9 6044 100 82.0 1457 4.1 Ward 13 1889 46.6 2163 53.4 4052 100 87.3 1015 4.0 Ward 14 1169 45.7 1389 54.3 2558 100 84.2 707 3.6 Ward 15 1536 46.4 1776 53.6 3312 100 86.5 879 3.8 Ward 16 1413 46.4 1632 53.6 3045 100 86.6 763 4.0 Ward 17 4835 47.2 5405 52.8 10240 100 89.5 2449 4.2 Ward 18 1493 55.9 1180 44.1 2673 100 126.5 858 3.1 Ward 19 3113 45.9 3672 54.1 6785 100 84.8 1650 4.1 Ward 20 2034 46.9 2306 53.1 4340 100 88.2 1053 4.1 Ward 21 4687 50.5 4594 49.5 9281 100 102.0 2355 3.9 Ward 22 1695 52 1562 48 3257 100 108.5 902 3.6 Ward 23 3497 51 3361 49 6858 100 104.0 1549 4.4 Ward 24 2048 46.2 2388 53.8 4436 100 85.8 1078 4.1 Ward 25 2297 53.1 2031 46.9 4328 100 113.1 1248 3.5 Ward 26 2768 49.3 2842 50.7 5610 100 97.4 1312 4.3 Ward 27 846 56.3 657 43.7 1503 100 128.8 427 3.5 Ward 28 1657 44.4 2075 55.6 3732 100 79.9 930 4.0 Ward 29 947 47.3 1057 52.7 2004 100 89.6 518 3.9 Ward 30 2338 46.2 2728 53.8 5066 100 85.7 1235 4.1 Ward 31 1604 45.7 1904 54.3 3508 100 84.2 924 3.8 Total 79548 47.1 89199 52.9 168747 100 89.2 41884 4.0
Manicaland Province Appendices Nyanga Ward Population Households Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Sex Ratio Number Average Size Ward 01 2357 47.8 2569 52.2 4926 100 91.7 1114 4.4 Ward 02 2476 46.2 2878 53.8 5354 100 86.0 1255 4.3 Ward 03 2851 46.3 3310 53.7 6161 100 86.1 1479 4.2 Ward 04 3802 47.1 4265 52.9 8067 100 89.1 1935 4.2 Ward 05 2810 47.2 3145 52.8 5955 100 89.3 1339 4.4 Ward 06 1799 45.8 2129 54.2 3928 100 84.5 962 4.1 Ward 07 2008 45.6 2398 54.4 4406 100 83.7 1071 4.1 Ward 08 1566 47 1769 53 3335 100 88.5 848 3.9 Ward 09 2543 47 2864 53 5407 100 88.8 1343 4.0 Ward 10 1499 44.9 1837 55.1 3336 100 81.6 866 3.9 Ward 11 1594 45.9 1882 54.1 3476 100 84.7 912 3.8 Ward 12 2085 47.1 2341 52.9 4426 100 89.1 1070 4.1 Ward 13 1131 44.2 1427 55.8 2558 100 79.3 597 4.3 Ward 14 1603 44.9 1968 55.1 3571 100 81.5 913 3.9 Ward 15 4404 47.8 4806 52.2 9210 100 91.6 2118 4.3 Ward 16 1297 50 1298 50 2595 100 99.9 578 4.5 Ward 17 1870 46.4 2160 53.6 4030 100 86.6 1079 3.7 Ward 18 1853 45.2 2243 54.8 4096 100 82.6 1141 3.6 Ward 19 1730 45.2 2097 54.8 3827 100 82.5 927 4.1 Ward 20 2151 64.8 1171 35.2 3322 100 183.7 1366 2.4 Ward 21 2760 45.9 3248 54.1 6008 100 85.0 1444 4.2 Ward 22 1339 45.6 1595 54.4 2934 100 83.9 775 3.8 Ward 23 2924 51.6 2747 48.4 5671 100 106.4 1207 4.7 Ward 24 1038 51.9 963 48.1 2001 100 107.8 585 3.4 Ward 25 1354 52.3 1235 47.7 2589 100 109.6 928 2.8 Ward 26 1574 57.5 1164 42.5 2738 100 135.2 998 2.7 Ward 27 1058 47.5 1170 52.5 2228 100 90.4 548 4.1 Ward 28 349 56.3 271 43.7 620 100 128.8 196 3.2 Ward 29 2204 47.4 2441 52.6 4645 100 90.3 1334 3.5 Ward 30 1418 45.9 1673 54.1 3091 100 84.8 745 4.1 Ward 31 1014 48.6 1074 51.4 2088 100 94.4 534 3.9 Total 60461 47.8 66138 52.2 126599 100 91.4 32207 3.9
Manicaland Province Appendices Mutare Urban Ward Population Households Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Sex Ratio Number Average Size Ward 01 4101 50.4 4030 49.6 8131 100 101.8 2231 3.6 Ward 02 2414 50.8 2338 49.2 4752 100 103.3 1445 3.3 Ward 03 3785 48.4 4038 51.6 7823 100 93.7 1924 4.1 Ward 04 3429 49.2 3538 50.8 6967 100 96.9 1891 3.7 Ward 05 4265 47.8 4666 52.2 8931 100 91.4 2243 4.0 Ward 06 2549 46.8 2903 53.2 5452 100 87.8 1350 4.0 Ward 07 3432 46.4 3957 53.6 7389 100 86.7 1724 4.3 Ward 08 2827 45.5 3393 54.5 6220 100 83.3 1547 4.0 Ward 09 3695 46.4 4272 53.6 7967 100 86.5 1994 4.0 Ward 10 1356 48 1467 52 2823 100 92.4 723 3.9 Ward 11 4808 46.8 5465 53.2 10273 100 88.0 2594 4.0 Ward 12 6344 46.1 7429 53.9 13773 100 85.4 3211 4.3 Ward 13 1415 50.3 1398 49.7 2813 100 101.2 648 4.3 Ward 14 8834 47 9949 53 18783 100 88.8 4807 3.9 Ward 15 4322 44.7 5344 55.3 9666 100 80.9 2365 4.1 Ward 16 10395 47.2 11641 52.8 22036 100 89.3 5612 3.9 Ward 17 13650 47.4 15137 52.6 28787 100 90.2 7008 4.1 Ward 18 6009 46.3 6964 53.7 12973 100 86.3 3200 4.1 Ward 19 1000 48.5 1062 51.5 2062 100 94.2 487 4.2 Total 88630 47.2 98991 52.8 187621 100 89.5 47004 4.0 Rusape Ward Population Households Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Sex Ratio Number Average Size Ward 01 2204 47.2 2465 52.8 4669 100 89.4 1203 3.9 Ward 02 658 45.8 779 54.2 1437 100 84.5 409 3.5 Ward 03 669 47.7 733 52.3 1402 100 91.3 387 3.6 Ward 04 1371 47 1543 53 2914 100 88.9 823 3.5 Ward 05 765 45 936 55 1701 100 81.7 424 4.0 Ward 06 2839 47 3197 53 6036 100 88.8 1673 3.6 Ward 07 376 43.9 480 56.1 856 100 78.3 230 3.7 Ward 08 2189 45.9 2580 54.1 4769 100 84.8 1317 3.6 Ward 09 1503 45.7 1784 54.3 3287 100 84.2 856 3.8 Ward 10 1731 53.3 1514 46.7 3245 100 114.3 693 4.7 Total 14305 47.2 16011 52.8 30316 100 89.3 8015 3.8
Manicaland Province Appendices Chipinge Urban Ward Population Households Males Females Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Sex Ratio Number Average Size Ward 01 1144 45.3 1383 54.7 2527 100 82.7 668 3.8 Ward 02 1985 45.7 2362 54.3 4347 100 84.0 1211 3.6 Ward 03 1470 44.6 1823 55.4 3293 100 80.6 878 3.8 Ward 04 1385 45.6 1650 54.4 3035 100 83.9 847 3.6 Ward 05 969 45.9 1144 54.1 2113 100 84.7 604 3.5 Ward 06 1155 44.9 1415 55.1 2570 100 81.6 677 3.8 Ward 07 1771 45.7 2105 54.3 3876 100 84.1 958 4.0 Ward 08 1630 47.2 1823 52.8 3453 100 89.4 857 4.0 Total 11509 45.6 13705 54.4 25214 100 84.0 6700 3.8
Manicaland Province Appendices Table A1.2: Population Distribution by District Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Buhera Age Group Males Number Percent Females Number Percent Total Number Percent NS 182 50.3 180 49.7 362 100 Under 1 4005 49.3 4124 50.7 8129 100 '1-4 16296 49.9 16348 50.1 32644 100 '5-9 18895 49.7 19129 50.3 38024 100 '10-14 19855 50.7 19334 49.3 39189 100 15-19 14316 53.5 12423 46.5 26739 100 20-24 6911 43.5 8968 56.5 15879 100 25-29 5520 38.9 8670 61.1 14190 100 30-34 5147 39.4 7902 60.6 13049 100 35-39 4811 41.5 6773 58.5 11584 100 40-44 3564 43.4 4640 56.6 8204 100 45-49 2269 40.8 3288 59.2 5557 100 50-54 2306 32.7 4752 67.3 7058 100 55-59 2145 36 3820 64 5965 100 60-64 1997 38.3 3216 61.7 5213 100 65-69 1869 40.9 2705 59.1 4574 100 70-74 1572 43.8 2020 56.2 3592 100 75 + 2446 41.3 3480 58.7 5926 100 Total 114106 46.4 131772 53.6 245878 100 Chimanimani Age Group Males Number Percent Females Number Percent Total Number Percent NS 209 43.2 275 56.8 484 100 Under 1 2172 49.1 2248 50.9 4420 100 '1-4 8410 49.1 8719 50.9 17129 100 '5-9 9410 49.9 9438 50.1 18848 100 '10-14 9349 50.6 9119 49.4 18468 100 15-19 7496 52 6909 48 14405 100 20-24 5015 45.2 6074 54.8 11089 100 25-29 4982 47.2 5573 52.8 10555 100 30-34 4159 47.1 4667 52.9 8826 100 35-39 3417 48.1 3692 51.9 7109 100 40-44 2586 49.8 2608 50.2 5194 100 45-49 1583 45.4 1904 54.6 3487 100 50-54 1344 36.7 2323 63.3 3667 100 55-59 1087 38.2 1758 61.8 2845 100 60-64 1001 38.4 1605 61.6 2606 100 65-69 792 42.2 1087 57.8 1879 100 70-74 713 45.2 864 54.8 1577 100 75 + 1020 43.4 1332 56.6 2352 100 Total 64745 48 70195 52 134940 100 Chipinge Rural Age Males Percent Females Percent Total Percent
Manicaland Province Appendices Table A1.2: Population Distribution by District Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Group Number Number Number NS 282 43.1 373 56.9 655 100 Under 1 5199 50.1 5185 49.9 10384 100 '1-4 20097 49.5 20499 50.5 40596 100 '5-9 23475 50.1 23365 49.9 46840 100 '10-14 22438 50.4 22112 49.6 44550 100 15-19 16051 50.2 15927 49.8 31978 100 20-24 8802 40.2 13076 59.8 21878 100 25-29 8259 39.6 12579 60.4 20838 100 30-34 7363 42.4 10011 57.6 17374 100 35-39 6552 45 8023 55 14575 100 40-44 4885 47.4 5415 52.6 10300 100 45-49 2785 42.8 3715 57.2 6500 100 50-54 2604 31 5795 69 8399 100 55-59 2220 36.4 3881 63.6 6101 100 60-64 2421 40.2 3606 59.8 6027 100 65-69 1501 40.2 2236 59.8 3737 100 70-74 1363 42 1881 58 3244 100 75 + 1862 38.3 3003 61.7 4865 100 Total 138159 46.2 160682 53.8 298841 100 Makoni Age Group Males Number Percent Females Number Percent Total Number Percent NS 224 45.7 266 54.3 490 100 Under 1 4352 50 4346 50 8698 100 '1-4 16473 50.4 16228 49.6 32701 100 '5-9 18844 50.1 18798 49.9 37642 100 '10-14 20147 51.8 18722 48.2 38869 100 15-19 16970 56 13328 44 30298 100 20-24 11227 51.3 10646 48.7 21873 100 25-29 9101 47.4 10097 52.6 19198 100 30-34 7319 46.5 8409 53.5 15728 100 35-39 6249 47.4 6934 52.6 13183 100 40-44 4559 47.2 5097 52.8 9656 100 45-49 3148 44.7 3890 55.3 7038 100 50-54 2649 34.5 5022 65.5 7671 100 55-59 2463 38.1 4009 61.9 6472 100 60-64 2251 37 3836 63 6087 100 65-69 1994 41.7 2785 58.3 4779 100 70-74 2064 44.9 2537 55.1 4601 100 75 + 3328 45.2 4028 54.8 7356 100 Total 133362 49 138978 51 272340 100 Mutare Rural Age Group Males Number Percent Females Number Percent Total Number Percent NS 198 43 262 57 460 100
Manicaland Province Appendices Table A1.2: Population Distribution by District Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Under 1 4580 49.4 4695 50.6 9275 100 '1-4 17791 49.8 17959 50.2 35750 100 '5-9 18576 50 18607 50 37183 100 '10-14 18847 50.9 18186 49.1 37033 100 15-19 14226 52.7 12785 47.3 27011 100 20-24 9626 45.7 11440 54.3 21066 100 25-29 9113 46.6 10451 53.4 19564 100 30-34 7566 47.3 8445 52.7 16011 100 35-39 6020 47.3 6713 52.7 12733 100 40-44 4373 47.4 4856 52.6 9229 100 45-49 2919 43.1 3853 56.9 6772 100 50-54 2532 36 4492 64 7024 100 55-59 2238 39.7 3393 60.3 5631 100 60-64 1910 37.7 3151 62.3 5061 100 65-69 1582 40.7 2307 59.3 3889 100 70-74 1321 42.7 1771 57.3 3092 100 75 + 2432 45.5 2908 54.5 5340 100 Total 125850 48 136274 52 262124 100 Mutasa Age Group Males Number Percent Females Number Percent Total Number Percent NS 159 47.2 178 52.8 337 100 Under 1 2768 49.5 2820 50.5 5588 100 '1-4 9659 48.6 10207 51.4 19866 100 '5-9 11224 50.2 11147 49.8 22371 100 '10-14 11841 50.3 11700 49.7 23541 100 15-19 9658 52.2 8845 47.8 18503 100 20-24 6218 45.5 7460 54.5 13678 100 25-29 5591 44.8 6879 55.2 12470 100 30-34 4767 45.2 5778 54.8 10545 100 35-39 3904 45.5 4680 54.5 8584 100 40-44 2956 45.7 3507 54.3 6463 100 45-49 2109 43.1 2787 56.9 4896 100 50-54 1797 35.9 3212 64.1 5009 100 55-59 1513 37 2579 63 4092 100 60-64 1412 38.5 2253 61.5 3665 100 65-69 1168 41.7 1632 58.3 2800 100 70-74 1105 45.2 1341 54.8 2446 100 75 + 1699 43.6 2194 56.4 3893 100 Total 79548 47.1 89199 52.9 168747 100 Nyanga Age Group Males Number Percent Females Number Percent Total Number Percent NS 122 45.5 146 54.5 268 100 Under 1 1995 49.2 2062 50.8 4057 100 '1-4 7622 50.2 7576 49.8 15198 100
Manicaland Province Appendices Table A1.2: Population Distribution by District Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census '5-9 8696 50.1 8677 49.9 17373 100 '10-14 8670 49.8 8741 50.2 17411 100 15-19 7079 52.8 6323 47.2 13402 100 20-24 4840 47.2 5423 52.8 10263 100 25-29 4525 45.7 5380 54.3 9905 100 30-34 3922 47.7 4307 52.3 8229 100 35-39 3105 46.1 3624 53.9 6729 100 40-44 2308 48.5 2451 51.5 4759 100 45-49 1563 45.2 1896 54.8 3459 100 50-54 1300 34.4 2479 65.6 3779 100 55-59 1141 39.4 1756 60.6 2897 100 60-64 942 38 1538 62 2480 100 65-69 748 39.5 1144 60.5 1892 100 70-74 747 44.5 933 55.5 1680 100 75 + 1136 40.3 1682 59.7 2818 100 Total 60461 47.8 66138 52.2 126599 100 Mutare Urban Age Group Males Number Percent Females Number Percent Total Number Percent NS 229 51.2 218 48.8 447 100 Under 1 3149 49.4 3222 50.6 6371 100 '1-4 10635 49.6 10817 50.4 21452 100 '5-9 9717 48.3 10401 51.7 20118 100 '10-14 9274 47.3 10343 52.7 19617 100 15-19 8921 43.1 11797 56.9 20718 100 20-24 9077 43.5 11773 56.5 20850 100 25-29 9486 45.8 11241 54.2 20727 100 30-34 8110 49.2 8365 50.8 16475 100 35-39 6400 51.1 6115 48.9 12515 100 40-44 4668 53.2 4100 46.8 8768 100 45-49 2738 49.1 2844 50.9 5582 100 50-54 2046 45.3 2468 54.7 4514 100 55-59 1550 47.1 1738 52.9 3288 100 60-64 961 44.7 1187 55.3 2148 100 65-69 636 43.9 814 56.1 1450 100 70-74 464 42.9 618 57.1 1082 100 75 + 569 38 930 62 1499 100 Total 88630 47.2 98991 52.8 187621 100 Rusape Age Group Males Number Percent Females Number Percent Total Number Percent NS 26 38.2 42 61.8 68 100 Under 1 556 49.5 567 50.5 1123 100 '1-4 1670 49.6 1694 50.4 3364 100 '5-9 1642 49.7 1659 50.3 3301 100 '10-14 1500 46.8 1708 53.2 3208 100
Manicaland Province Appendices Table A1.2: Population Distribution by District Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census 15-19 1435 41.7 2005 58.3 3440 100 20-24 1389 42.7 1862 57.3 3251 100 25-29 1595 46.6 1830 53.4 3425 100 30-34 1338 48.4 1426 51.6 2764 100 35-39 1061 51.3 1006 48.7 2067 100 40-44 769 52.6 692 47.4 1461 100 45-49 448 48.7 471 51.3 919 100 50-54 351 50.8 340 49.2 691 100 55-59 202 51.4 191 48.6 393 100 60-64 121 42 167 58 288 100 65-69 78 39.2 121 60.8 199 100 70-74 53 35.1 98 64.9 151 100 75 + 71 35 132 65 203 100 Total 14305 47.2 16011 52.8 30316 100 Chipinge Urban Age Group Males Number Percent Females Number Percent Total Number Percent NS 31 52.5 28 47.5 59 100 Under 1 460 49.9 461 50.1 921 100 '1-4 1583 51.1 1515 48.9 3098 100 '5-9 1454 47.3 1622 52.7 3076 100 '10-14 1372 47.4 1523 52.6 2895 100 15-19 1166 40.8 1691 59.2 2857 100 20-24 1061 39.6 1616 60.4 2677 100 25-29 1074 40.5 1576 59.5 2650 100 30-34 1029 45.9 1213 54.1 2242 100 35-39 866 50.5 849 49.5 1715 100 40-44 589 53.3 517 46.7 1106 100 45-49 290 49.1 301 50.9 591 100 50-54 217 44.9 266 55.1 483 100 55-59 127 40.6 186 59.4 313 100 60-64 87 35.8 156 64.2 243 100 65-69 44 33.8 86 66.2 130 100 70-74 44 38.9 69 61.1 113 100 75 + 37 30.1 86 69.9 123 100 Total 11531 45.6 13761 54.4 25292 100 Age Group Males Number Percent Females Number Percent Total Number Percent NS 1662 45.8 1968 54.2 3630 100 Under 1 29236 49.6 29730 50.4 58966 100 '1-4 110236 49.7 111562 50.3 221798 100 '5-9 121933 49.8 122843 50.2 244776 100 '10-14 123293 50.4 121488 49.6 244781 100 15-19 97318 51.4 92033 48.6 189351 100 20-24 64166 45 78338 55 142504 100 25-29 59246 44.4 74276 55.6 133522 100
Manicaland Province Appendices Table A1.2: Population Distribution by District Age Group and Sex, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census 30-34 50720 45.6 60523 54.4 111243 100 35-39 42385 46.7 48409 53.3 90794 100 40-44 31257 48 33883 52 65140 100 45-49 19852 44.3 24949 55.7 44801 100 50-54 17146 35.5 31149 64.5 48295 100 55-59 14686 38.7 23311 61.3 37997 100 60-64 13103 38.7 20715 61.3 33818 100 65-69 10412 41.1 14917 58.9 25329 100 70-74 9446 43.8 12132 56.2 21578 100 75 + 14600 42.5 19775 57.5 34375 100 Total 830697 47.4 922001 52.6 1752698 100
Manicaland Province Appendices Table A4.1: Distribution of Population Age 3+ by School Attendance by Sex Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Never been at School District Males Females Total Buhera 7721 10921 18642 Chimanimani 3664 6280 9944 Chipinge Rural 12473 24565 37038 Makoni 8170 10542 18712 Mutare Rural 7301 9140 16441 Mutasa 4562 6911 11473 Nyanga 4168 7229 11397 Mutare Urban 2699 3317 6016 Rusape 433 479 912 Chipinge Urban 489 791 1280 Total 51680 80175 131855 At school District Males Females Total Buhera 47739 44458 92197 Chimanimani 23914 22106 46020 Chipinge Rural 51880 49609 101489 Makoni 47282 42317 89599 Mutare Rural 45025 41509 86534 Mutasa 29639 27480 57119 Nyanga 21793 20481 42274 Mutare Urban 28338 30019 58357 Rusape 4450 4731 9181 Chipinge Urban 3859 4110 7969 Total 303919 286820 590739
Manicaland Province Appendices Left School District Males Females Total Buhera 45287 62689 107976 Chimanimani 29956 34279 64235 Chipinge Rural 57232 69241 126473 Makoni 63908 72050 135958 Mutare Rural 58698 70290 128988 Mutasa 36723 45675 82398 Nyanga 28134 31885 60019 Mutare Urban 47862 55533 103395 Rusape 7831 9149 16980 Chipinge Urban 5782 7458 13240 Total 381413 458249 839662
Manicaland Province Appendices Table A4.3: Population Age 3-24 Currently at School by Single Age and Sex Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe Population Census 2012 Age No Education Primary Secondary Tertiary Not known Total Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 3 2872 3202 - - - - - - - - 2872 3202 4 8182 8709 - - - - - - - - 8182 8709 5 13795 13785 1563 1869 - - - - 8 7 15366 15661 6 9625 9233 10218 11342 - - - - 9 7 19852 20582 7 2601 2181 20519 21248 - - - - 12 6 23132 23435 8 768 711 21789 22372 - - - - 7 6 22564 23089 9 300 261 23236 23595 - - - - 5 9 23541 23865 10 164 115 23003 23243 - - - - 4 5 23171 23363 11 51 58 22363 22454 - - - - 10 13 22424 22525 12 66 45 27800 27152 724 954 - - 10 5 28600 28156 13 32 21 17561 15735 3984 5610 - - 4 9 21581 21375 14 31 21 10851 7841 9527 11657 - - 7 11 20416 19530 15 34 30 5217 2867 12659 12788 - - 5 8 17915 15693 16 21 20 - - 16440 13574 - - 7 7 16468 13601 17 13 7 - - 14148 9740 - - 1 6 14162 9753 18 4 5 - - 9711 5606 127 146 7 4 9849 5761 19 5 2 - - 5005 2608 266 338 9 4 5285 2952 20 4 3 - - 3108 1424 463 484 5 8 3580 1919 21 6 2 - - 1376 664 536 557 6 4 1924 1227 22-1 - - 789 443 615 524 5 11 1409 979 23 3 8 - - 393 286 475 448 8 7 879 749 24 5 2 - - 239 236 469 362 5 4 718 604 Total 38582 38422 184120 179718 78103 65590 2951 2859 134 141 303890 286730
Manicaland Province Appendices Table A4.4: Population Age 3+ by Age Group, Sex and Highest Level of Education Completed, Manicaland Provin ce, Zimbabwe 2012 Census No Education Primary Secondary Tertiary Not known Total Age Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 0-5 16811 17538 - - - - - - - - 16811 17538 6-9 57257 55733 51541 55293 - - - - 93 78 108891 111104 10-14 1765 1434 114232 111085 5681 7631 - - 54 40 121732 120190 15-19 408 330 30980 26414 64503 63904 98 145 60 46 96049 90839 20-24 159 191 13753 20578 47623 54445 1681 1796 65 50 63281 77060 25-29 148 219 12143 20819 41592 47573 4492 4151 67 70 58442 72832 30-34 108 235 10369 19006 34161 35786 5240 3839 81 51 49959 58917 35-39 109 223 9198 16832 27245 26073 5036 3455 72 71 41660 46654 40-44 101 260 6097 12591 19442 16117 4860 2774 52 62 30552 31804 45-49 82 309 5244 12726 10247 7263 3553 1867 57 75 19183 22240 50-54 167 607 8494 19252 5337 3757 1983 1031 84 158 16065 24805 55-59 140 467 9225 15509 3069 1962 1081 527 80 126 13595 18591 60-64 167 492 8843 13607 1893 1146 691 357 114 133 11708 15735 65-69 118 384 7206 9580 1239 595 610 305 52 99 9225 10963 70-74 174 385 6527 7264 702 290 477 211 75 116 7955 8266 75 + 414 785 9403 9894 560 293 510 183 154 321 11041 11476 NS 9 12 44 72 34 27 4-23 18 114 129 Total 78137 79604 303299 370522 263328 266862 30316 20641 1183 1514 676263 739143
Manicaland Province Appendices Table A6.1 Number of Women, Children Ever Born, Births in the Last 12 Months, Average Parities and ASFR by Age Group, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Children Ever Born Fertility Age Group Number of Women Male Female Total Last Live Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 92033 39740 52142 91882 7580 0.998 0.0824 20-24 78338 59536 62052 121588 17424 1.552 0.2224 25-29 74276 87604 90617 178221 15380 2.399 0.2071 30-34 60523 97944 99416 197360 10306 3.261 0.1703 35-39 48409 95947 95165 191112 5761 3.948 0.1190 40-44 33883 74986 73624 148610 1704 4.386 0.0503 45-49 24949 61972 59787 121759 312 4.880 0.0125 Total 412411 517729 532803 1050532 58467 Table A6.2 Number of Women, Children Ever Born, Births in the Last 12 Months, Average Parities and ASFR by Urban/Rural Residence, Buhera Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Buhera Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 12423 5680 7535 13215 951 1.064 0.0766 20-24 8968 7347 7627 14974 2226 1.670 0.2482 25-29 8670 11133 11691 22824 2059 2.633 0.2375 30-34 7902 13847 14150 27997 1512 3.543 0.1913 35-39 6773 14516 14640 29156 929 4.305 0.1372 40-44 4640 11189 11186 22375 323 4.822 0.0696 45-49 3288 8963 8792 17755 69 5.400 0.0210 Total 52664 72675 75621 148296 8069 (b) Chimanimani Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 6909 3133 3978 7111 592 1.029 0.0857 20-24 6074 4661 4843 9504 1265 1.565 0.2083 25-29 5573 6514 6680 13194 1130 2.367 0.2028 30-34 4667 7568 7563 15131 803 3.242 0.1721 35-39 3692 7207 7190 14397 394 3.900 0.1067 40-44 2608 5804 5615 11419 112 4.378 0.0429 45-49 1904 4865 4533 9398 18 4.936 0.0095 Total 31427 39752 40402 80154 4314
Manicaland Province Appendices Chipinge Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 15927 7889 9963 17852 1343 1.121 0.0843 20-24 13076 11010 11104 22114 2929 1.691 0.2240 25-29 12579 16454 16769 33223 2706 2.641 0.2151 30-34 10011 17980 18336 36316 1815 3.628 0.1813 35-39 8023 17792 17409 35201 1050 4.388 0.1309 40-44 5415 13474 12991 26465 310 4.887 0.0572 45-49 3715 10430 9667 20097 56 5.410 0.0151 Total 68746 95029 96239 191268 10209 (d) Makoni Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 13328 5834 7437 13271 1246 0.996 0.0935 20-24 10646 8689 8910 17599 2560 1.653 0.2405 25-29 10097 12223 12522 24745 2075 2.451 0.2055 30-34 8409 13719 13798 27517 1427 3.272 0.1697 35-39 6934 13516 13470 26986 874 3.892 0.1260 40-44 5097 11234 10886 22120 255 4.340 0.0500 45-49 3890 9690 9263 18953 38 4.872 0.0098 Total 58401 74905 76286 151191 8475
Manicaland Province Appendices (e) Mutare Rural Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 12785 6390 7909 14299 1423 1.118 0.1113 20-24 11440 10119 10227 20346 2942 1.778 0.2572 25-29 10451 13688 14140 27828 2330 2.663 0.2229 30-34 8445 15088 15182 30270 1580 3.584 0.1871 35-39 6713 14710 14365 29075 832 4.331 0.1239 40-44 4856 11627 11216 22843 282 4.704 0.0581 45-49 3853 10095 9878 19973 59 5.184 0.0153 Total 58543 81717 82917 164634 9448 (f) Mutasa Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 8845 3640 4882 8522 765 0.963 0.0865 20-24 7460 5474 5866 11340 1697 1.520 0.2275 25-29 6879 8059 8497 16556 1408 2.407 0.2047 30-34 5778 9262 9451 18713 949 3.239 0.1642 35-39 4680 9197 9066 18263 548 3.902 0.1171 40-44 3507 7618 7626 15244 139 4.347 0.0396 45-49 2787 6780 6582 13362 27 4.794 0.0097 Total 39936 50030 51970 102000 5533 (g) Nyanga Rural Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 6323 2671 3500 6171 505 0.976 0.0799 20-24 5423 4004 4249 8253 1258 1.522 0.2320 25-29 5380 6414 6462 12876 1118 2.393 0.2078 30-34 4307 6838 7010 13848 727 3.215 0.1688 35-39 3624 7138 6956 14094 414 3.889 0.1142 40-44 2451 5355 5368 10723 111 4.375 0.0453 45-49 1896 4622 4531 9153 18 4.828 0.0095 Total 29404 37042 38076 75118 4151
Manicaland Province Appendices (h) Mutare Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 11797 3277 5062 8339 545 0.707 0.0462 20-24 11773 6117 6890 13007 1878 1.105 0.1595 25-29 11241 9910 10420 20330 1977 1.809 0.1759 30-34 8365 10248 10486 20734 1152 2.479 0.1377 35-39 6115 8962 9157 18119 564 2.963 0.0922 40-44 4100 6604 6752 13356 132 3.258 0.0322 45-49 2844 5091 5051 10142 23 3.566 0.0081 Total 56235 50209 53818 104027 6271 (i) Rusape Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 2005 668 1050 1718 116 0.857 0.0579 20-24 1862 1121 1255 2376 359 1.276 0.1928 25-29 1830 1685 1778 3463 301 1.892 0.1645 30-34 1426 1805 1831 3636 203 2.550 0.1424 35-39 1006 1510 1508 3018 79 3.000 0.0785 40-44 692 1184 1111 2295 20 3.316 0.0289 45-49 471 857 900 1757 1 3.730 0.0021 Total 9292 8830 9433 18263 1079 (j) Chipinge Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 1691 558 826 1384 94 0.818 0.0556 20-24 1616 994 1081 2075 310 1.284 0.1918 25-29 1576 1524 1658 3182 276 2.019 0.1751 30-34 1213 1589 1609 3198 138 2.636 0.1138 35-39 849 1399 1404 2803 77 3.302 0.0907 40-44 517 897 873 1770 20 3.424 0.0387 45-49 301 579 590 1169 3 3.884 0.0100 Total 7763 7540 8041 15581 918
Manicaland Province Appendices Total Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 92033 39740 52142 91882 7580 0.998 0.0824 20-24 78338 59536 62052 121588 17424 1.552 0.2224 25-29 74276 87604 90617 178221 15380 2.399 0.2071 30-34 60523 97944 99416 197360 10306 3.261 0.1703 35-39 48409 95947 95165 191112 5761 3.948 0.1190 40-44 33883 74986 73624 148610 1704 4.386 0.0503 45-49 24949 61972 59787 121759 312 4.880 0.0125 Total 412411 517729 532803 1050532 58467 Table A6. 6: Number of Women, Children Ever Born, Births in the Last 12 Months, Average Parities and ASFR by Urban /Rural Residence, Manicaland Urban Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) Urban Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 19478 5961 8830 14791 1067 0.759 0.0548 20-24 19256 10769 12043 22812 3374 1.185 0.1752 25-29 18600 17300 18122 35422 3261 1.904 0.1753 30-34 14117 18055 18340 36395 1968 2.578 0.1394 35-39 10246 15700 15870 31570 931 3.081 0.0909 40-44 6826 11578 11540 23118 232 3.387 0.0340 45-49 4567 8525 8524 17049 32 3.733 0.0070 Total 93090 87888 93269 181157 10865 (b) Rural Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 72555 33779 43312 77091 6513 1.063 0.0898 20-24 59082 48767 50009 98776 14050 1.672 0.2378 25-29 55676 70304 72495 142799 12119 2.565 0.2177 30-34 46406 79889 81076 160965 8338 3.469 0.1797 35-39 38163 80247 79295 159542 4830 4.181 0.1266 40-44 27057 63408 62084 125492 1472 4.638 0.0544 45-49 20382 53447 51263 104710 280 5.137 0.0137 Total 319321 429841 439534 869375 47602
Manicaland Province Appendices Total Urban/Rural Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 92033 39740 52142 91882 7580 0.998 0.0824 20-24 78338 59536 62052 121588 17424 1.552 0.2224 25-29 74276 87604 90617 178221 15380 2.399 0.2071 30-34 60523 97944 99416 197360 10306 3.261 0.1703 35-39 48409 95947 95165 191112 5761 3.948 0.1190 40-44 33883 74986 73624 148610 1704 4.386 0.0503 45-49 24949 61972 59787 121759 312 4.880 0.0125 Total 412411 517729 532803 1050532 58467 Table A6.8: Number of Women, Children Ever Born, Births in the Last 12 Months, Average Parities and ASFR by Level of Education of Moth er, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) No Education Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 330 191 258 449 26 1.361 0.0788 20-24 191 169 185 354 28 1.853 0.1466 25-29 219 280 289 569 42 2.598 0.1918 30-34 235 417 372 789 36 3.357 0.1532 35-39 223 491 489 980 26 4.395 0.1166 40-44 260 672 658 1330 11 5.115 0.0423 45-49 309 986 871 1857 7 6.010 0.0227 Total 1767 3206 3122 6328 176 (b) Primary Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 26414 13002 15794 28796 2913 1.090 0.1103 20-24 20578 19575 19851 39426 5223 1.916 0.2538 25-29 20819 29914 30940 60854 4659 2.923 0.2238 30-34 19006 36413 37056 73469 3572 3.866 0.1879 35-39 16832 39176 38159 77335 2242 4.595 0.1332 40-44 12591 32639 31648 64287 732 5.106 0.0581 45-49 12726 34932 33443 68375 175 5.373 0.0138 Total 128966 205651 206891 412542 19516
Manicaland Province Appendices c) Secondary and Above Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 64049 25861 35340 61201 4533 0.956 0.0708 20-24 56241 38709 40919 79628 11927 1.416 0.2121 25-29 51724 55273 57249 112522 10398 2.175 0.2010 30-34 39625 57970 58861 116831 6426 2.948 0.1622 35-39 29528 51887 52408 104295 3304 3.532 0.1119 40-44 18891 36099 36020 72119 853 3.818 0.0452 45-49 9130 17904 17833 35737 97 3.914 0.0106 Total 269188 283703 298630 582333 37538 (d) Not Known Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 46 24 19 43 6 0.935 0.1304 20-24 50 39 47 86 11 1.720 0.2200 25-29 70 91 87 178 9 2.543 0.1286 30-34 51 101 90 191 7 3.745 0.1373 35-39 71 134 122 256 7 3.606 0.0986 40-44 62 162 131 293 5 4.726 0.0806 45-49 75 186 197 383-5.107 Total 425 737 693 1430 45 Total Education Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 90845 39083 51416 90499 7479 0.996 0.0823 20-24 77070 58495 61013 119508 17191 1.551 0.2231 25-29 72836 85565 88573 174138 15109 2.391 0.2074 30-34 58923 94910 96391 191301 10042 3.247 0.1704 35-39 46657 91695 91186 182881 5580 3.920 0.1196 40-44 31805 69575 68458 138033 1601 4.340 0.0503 45-49 22244 54019 52357 106376 279 4.782 0.0125 Total 400380 493342 509394 1002736 57281
Manicaland Province Appendices Table A6.9: Number of Women, Children Ever Born, Births in the Last 12 Months, Average Parities and ASFR by Marital Status, Manicaland Zimbabwe 2012 Census. (a) Marital Status Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 2045 887 1235 2122 41 1.038 0.0200 20-24 368 239 250 489 45 1.329 0.1223 25-29 195 174 209 383 29 1.964 0.1487 30-34 164 147 161 308 12 1.878 0.0732 35-39 87 106 110 216 7 2.483 0.0805 40-44 85 105 118 223 2 2.624 0.0235 45-49 47 92 89 181 2 3.851 0.0426 Total 2991 1750 2172 3922 138 (b)married Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 24582 13651 12087 25738 6697 1.047 0.2724 20-24 56705 48870 47268 96138 16013 1.695 0.2824 25-29 61151 77380 78196 155576 14314 2.544 0.2341 30-34 49345 85471 85298 170769 9561 3.461 0.1938 35-39 37333 79915 78129 158044 5302 4.233 0.1420 40-44 23781 57836 55481 113317 1558 4.765 0.0655 45-49 16647 44758 42751 87509 280 5.257 0.0168 Total 269544 407881 399210 807091 53725 (c) Divorced/separated Children Ever Born Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 1574 1010 1246 2256 444 1.433 0.2821 20-24 4822 3657 4663 8320 832 1.725 0.1725 25-29 5833 5513 6604 12117 622 2.077 0.1066 30-34 5225 5821 6712 12533 402 2.399 0.0769 35-39 4192 5480 6038 11518 186 2.748 0.0444 40-44 2844 4138 4731 8869 48 3.118 0.0169 45-49 1852 3017 3171 6188 9 3.341 0.0049 Total 26342 28636 33165 61801 2543 (d)widowed Children Ever Born
Manicaland Province Appendices Age of Women Number of Women Male Female Total Total Births Average Parities ASFR 15-19 123 76 90 166 19 1.350 0.1545 20-24 564 501 578 1079 81 1.913 0.1436 25-29 1453 1693 1827 3520 152 2.423 0.1046 30-34 3132 4753 5027 9780 213 3.123 0.0680 35-39 5144 9032 9193 18225 194 3.543 0.0377 40-44 6159 12078 12275 24353 81 3.954 0.0132 45-49 5851 13579 13137 26716 21 4.566 0.0036 Total 22426 41712 42127 83839 761
Manicaland Province Appendices Table A7. 1: Number of Children Surviving, by Sex and Age of Mother by District, Manicaland Zimbabwe 2012 Census Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 9058 8878 17936 20-24 36689 36482 73171 25-29 50401 50824 101225 30-34 47615 47900 95515 35-39 40388 40417 80805 40-44 28666 28661 57327 45-49 21561 21199 42760 Not Stated 97 89 186 Total 234475 234450 468925 (a)buhera Children Surviving Age of Mother Male Female Total 15-19 5537 7397 12934 20-24 6733 7039 13772 25-29 10014 10711 20725 30-34 12492 12912 25404 35-39 12977 13256 26233 40-44 9830 10036 19866 45-49 7787 7727 15514 Total 65370 69078 134448 (b) Chimanimani Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 3072 3924 6996 20-24 4353 4589 8942 25-29 5999 6260 12259 30-34 6900 7034 13934 35-39 6484 6588 13072 40-44 5156 5092 10248 45-49 4283 4047 8330 Total 36247 37534 73781
Manicaland Province Appendices (c)chipinge Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 7620 9792 17412 20-24 10198 10429 20627 25-29 14945 15511 30456 30-34 16215 16749 32964 35-39 15716 15691 31407 40-44 11704 11488 23192 45-49 8920 8442 17362 Total 85318 88102 173420 (d) Makoni Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 5652 7306 12958 20-24 8006 8360 16366 25-29 11153 11540 22693 30-34 12475 12781 25256 35-39 12203 12341 24544 40-44 10115 9905 20020 45-49 8603 8312 16915 Total 68207 70545 138752 (e) Mutare Rural Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 6137 7665 13802 20-24 9001 9248 18249 25-29 12005 12630 24635 30-34 13259 13601 26860 35-39 12828 12790 25618 40-44 10123 9886 20009 45-49 8626 8515 17141 Total 71979 74335 146314 (f) Mutasa Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 3481 4760 8241 20-24 4857 5351 10208 25-29 7047 7593 14640 30-34 8026 8398 16424 35-39 7981 8066 16047 40-44 6604 6681 13285 45-49 5784 5729 11513 Total 43780 46578 90358
Manicaland Province Appendices (i) Nyanga Rural Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 2545 3386 5931 20-24 3693 3969 7662 25-29 5850 5977 11827 30-34 6201 6437 12638 35-39 6441 6367 12808 40-44 4834 4882 9716 45-49 4128 4085 8213 Total 33692 35103 68795 (j) Mutare Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 3219 5006 8225 20-24 5798 6632 12430 25-29 9265 9883 19148 30-34 9602 9929 19531 35-39 8304 8615 16919 40-44 6090 6320 12410 45-49 4706 4723 9429 Total 46984 51108 98092
Manicaland Province Appendices (k) Rusape Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 655 1040 1695 20-24 1045 1188 2233 25-29 1589 1693 3282 30-34 1678 1697 3375 35-39 1388 1411 2799 40-44 1102 1054 2156 45-49 790 840 1630 Total 8247 8923 17170 (l) Chipinge Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 550 816 1366 20-24 939 1028 1967 25-29 1396 1551 2947 30-34 1476 1491 2967 35-39 1306 1293 2599 40-44 816 800 1616 45-49 517 541 1058 Total 7000 7520 14520
Manicaland Province Appendices Table A7. 2:Number of Women, Children Surviving, by Education and Age of Mother, By Sex, Manicaland Zimbabwe 2012 Census (a) No Education Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 183 254 437 20-24 156 169 325 25-29 245 258 503 30-34 357 336 693 35-39 430 430 860 40-44 560 564 1124 45-49 812 719 1531 Total 2743 2730 5473 (b) Primary Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 12415 15273 27688 20-24 17272 17843 35115 25-29 26193 27585 53778 30-34 31802 32960 64762 35-39 33976 33766 67742 40-44 28160 27707 55867 45-49 30183 29312 59495 Total 180001 184446 364447 (c) Secondary Above Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 25219 34838 60057 20-24 36220 38816 75036 25-29 50966 53566 104532 30-34 53461 54945 108406 35-39 47467 48667 96134 40-44 32997 33408 66405 45-49 16384 16570 32954 Total 262714 280810 543524
Manicaland Province Appendices (d) Not Known Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 24 18 42 20-24 37 44 81 25-29 82 81 163 30-34 88 80 168 35-39 114 112 226 40-44 130 105 235 45-49 157 168 325 Total 632 608 1240 Total Children Surviving Age of Women Male Female Total 15-19 37846 50388 88234 20-24 53688 56881 110569 25-29 77493 81498 158991 30-34 85716 88331 174047 35-39 81994 82983 164977 40-44 61850 61785 123635 45-49 47543 46780 94323 Total 446130 468646 914776 Table A7.3: Number of Orphans by Type of Orphanhood, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe 2012 Census Type of Orphan Total Father Dead, Mother Alive 503,905 Father Alive, Mother Dead 162,910 Both Parents Dead 226,020 Total 892,835
Manicaland Province Appendices
Manicaland Province Appendices
Manicaland Province Appendices
Manicaland Province Appendices
Manicaland Province Appendices