GROUND CONTROL MANUAL GRANTLEY ADAMS INTERNATIONAL (TBPB) Some of this information has been modified to meet the needs of the virtual world and is intended for use of the VATSIM Network ONLY. 2014
Table of Contents Record of Amendments. 2 List of Abbreviations.. 3 Adams Ground Operations- Position Information... 4 ATC Clearances (i) Flight Plan Review..... 4-5 (ii) Start-up Clearances.. 6 (iii) IFR Clearances.. 6-8 (iv) VFR Clearances. 9 (v) Local Traffic... 10 (vi) Oceanic flights. 10-11 Taxi Instructions (i)runway 09.. 11 (ii)runway 27. 12 (iii)crossing Runway 09/27..... 12 Parking. 13 Information Useful to Controllers. 14 15 List of preferred routes... 15-16 List of Aircraft Operating Agencies Telephony Designators... 17 1
Record of Amendments AMENDMENTS AMENDMENTS NO. DATE APPLICABLE DATE ENTERED ENTERED BY NO. DATE APPLICABLE DATE ENTERED ENTERED BY 1 2/15/14 Leemar Y 2 2/15/14 Shayne Innis 2
List of Abbreviations ATC- Air Traffic Control IFR- Instrument Flight Rules VFR- Visual Flight Rules ACC- Area Control Centre CTR- Centre GND- Ground Control TWR- Tower Control NE- North East NW- North West SE-South East SW- South West FPL- Flight Plan TMA- Terminal Control Area CRS- Course APP- Approach Control DEP-Departure Control FL- Flight Level ATIS- Automatic Terminal Information Service TWY- Taxiway hldg pt- Holding Point RWY- Runway req- Request clr- clear(s) or cleared to or clearance sqwk- Squawk blw- Below rgr- Roger a/c- Aircraft N- North S- South E- East W-West 3
Adams Ground Operations Position Information Grantley Adams Ground, also known by its Radio name as Adams Ground (Freq 121.900), plays the role of both Clearance Delivery and Ground Control. Therefore, Adams Ground is responsible for the issuing of ATC clearance, the issuing of taxi instructions whether to the active or to parking as well as coordinating with TWR to make sure that traffic flows expeditiously and efficiently. Terminals & Gates (Green Circles), Ramps (Blue Circles) and Taxiways (Red Circles). ATC Clearances In the Eastern Caribbean, ATC clearance is given differently from in the USA and other countries. For flights penetrating the Piarco FIR (TTZP) airspace (flights requesting cruising levels above FL245), we need to call the Area Control Centre (ACC) Piarco for startup clearance for the a/c and the level requested by the pilot. Unless there is an event in progress, the GND controller can automatically approve the startup clearance without requesting it from TTZP. However, some pilots will call for taxi; the GND controller is to approve startup clearance FIRST before issuing taxi instructions or any further clearances. ATC Clearances (Flight Plan Review) At Adams, ATC clearance is normally given during taxi to the active but can also be given any time after the aircraft has been given startup clearance. Due to the nature of the VATSIM Network, errors in flight plans are common, so controllers should have a keen eye with detecting and addressing any errors. So, on initial contact, the GND controller should verify that the pilot s fpl is without errors and the pilot has the current ATIS info (provided a voice ATIS is set up), if not supply the pilot with such info. More often than not, when pilots connect to the network, our ATC client Euroscope will display their data tag closed, as displayed in the image bellow. You will need to open/expand it in order see important details and to edit it. Simply double clicking it will open/expand the data tag. 4
Closed Data Tag Opened/expanded Data Tag Once the data tag has been opened, you will now have to display the full flight plan, where you will begin your review of it. As a reminder, there are 4 (four) main fields that needs to be correct in the flight plan: The Departure, Arrival, Cruise Altitude and Route fields. In the event a flight plan has an error in any of those fields, the controller shall bring the error to the pilot s attention and make the necessary corrections before pushback and ATC clearance is given. To access the full editable flight plan, click the Destination airport in the data tag as displayed bellow: In the above case, TAPA is the destination. With the Flight Plan dialog window opened, begin your review of the FPL. Checking the fields as displayed bellow: 5
ATC Clearance (Startup Clearance) Once everything checks out with the FPL, you can assign the appropriate squawk code and continue with the Startup Clearance. Let s look at a few examples: LIA362: Adams GND, LIA362 with information Bravo, req startup. GND: LIA362, Adams GND, startup approved, time 15 OR GND: LIA362, Adams GND, startup approved, time 15, Rwy 09 in use, surface winds 090/15 visibility greater than 10km scattered cloud at 1000ft, temp 28, dew point 25 QNH1013. LIA362: Startup approved, LIA362. Once the aircraft has made contact with you, set the appropriate means of communication the pilot is using, as it is necessary for the positions above you to know what type of communication is being used by the pilot. Take the below steps: Place mouse as directed above. Select the appropriate option as directed above. ATC Clearances (IFR Clearances) To issue the IFR or VFR clearance, we need to tell the pilot what we have done to his flight plan in the event that a change had to be made, in a clear and concise manner. The standardized method of doing this is the CRAFT format. It stands for: Clearance Limit Route Altitude Frequency Transponder. After the a/c as started, you check to ensure that the route of flight is correct and the cruising level and then you call TBPB_APP for ATC clearance [NB- for flights not penetrating the Piarco FIR, Adams Terminal Control Area (TMA) issues the ATC clearances]. The clearance is taken from the Adams TMA because the APP controller may want to impose certain restrictions for departing aircraft so as not to affect arriving aircraft or other departing aircraft. Restrictions may also be imposed on flights which received ATC clearance from Piarco, since they have to pass through Adams airspace to reach Piarco s airspace. So, heading and level restrictions may apply. 6
Once the APP controller issues the clearance, you as the ground controller are to read it back verbatim. Then the GND controller proceeds to pass the clr to the a/c. ATC Clearances (IFR Clearances cont d) At Adams, IFR clearance is simple. We use a modified CRAFT method, where we omit the departure freq from the clearance to make our ATC as symmetrical as possible with real world ATC. Let s look at a few examples of ATC clearances. GND: LIA362, copy ATC clearance LIA362: Go ahead GND: Adams Control clears LIA362 to VC Bird via A632 ANU maintain FL160 left turn after departure, squawk 1762 LIA362: (Acknowledges) GND: ATC Clearance is correct, contact Adams TWR on 118.7. LIA362: TWR 118.7, LIA362 The above image is a flight strip 7
Another example: GND: AAL1384 copy ATC clearance AAL1384: Go ahead GND: Adams Control clears AAL1384 to Kennedy via UA555 ILURI flight planned route. Maintain FL380, left turn after departure, squawk 2734 AAL1384: (Acknowledges) GND: ATC clearance is correct. Contact Adams TWR now on 118.7 AAL1384: 118.7. Good day Another example: GND: SVD614 copy ATC clearance SVD614: Go ahead GND: Adams Control clears SVD614 to Mustique direct maintain FL80, right turn after departure, squawk 1074. SVD614: (Acknowledges) GND: ATC clearance is correct. Contact Adams TWR on 118.7 SVD614: 118.7 Good day 8
ATC Clearances (VFR Clearances) VFR flights in Adams airspace are not permitted above FL85. Examples of the proper phraseology are seen below: GND: N247G copy ATC clearance N247G: ready to copy GND: Adams Control clears N247G to Bequia direct, while in Adams airspace maintain FL85 or below, left turn after departure, squawk 1075. N247G: Cleared to Bequia direct, FL85 or below in Adams airspace, left turn and squawk 1075. GND: ATC clearance is correct. Contact the TWR on 118.7. N247G: 118.7 bye. The above image is a flight strip 9
ATC Clearances (Local Traffic) ATC clearances for local traffic are very simple for the GND controller. All that is required of the controller is to issue taxi instructions (and sometimes it is not even necessary since most local a/c are on the south ramp) and a squawk code and hand the a/c over to TWR for departure. Since most a/c will be remaining in pattern, going around the island or going to the NE training area, we cannot clear the a/c to these areas since TWR is the one responsible for the airspace in which these areas are located. An example to illustrate the proper phraseology is below assuming the a/c has already received startup clearance: 8PJOY: Adams GND, 8PJOY, request taxi for departure. GND: 8PJOY, taxi to the holding point on taxiway J and squawk 1002 8PJOY: taxi to holding point on J and squawk 1002, 8PJOY GND: 8PJOY, Correct and contact the TWR on 118.7, good day ATC Clearances (Oceanic) At Adams, aircraft going over the Atlantic do not require full oceanic clearance from ground as these clearances are given by the ACC and so a truncated clearance is given. These European bound flights will have coordinate points in their flight plans and only the first point is read in the clearance. An example to illustrate proper phraseology is seen below 10
GND: BAW2154 copy ATC clearance BAW2154: Go ahead GND: Adams Control clears BAW2154 to Gatwick via 18N 056W (read as one eight North, zero fife six West) flight planned route; maintain FL410, left turn after departure, Squawk 2754. BAW2154: (Acknowledges) GND: BAW2154 ATC clearance is correct. Contact Adams TWR on 118.7 good day. If possible, acquire the estimated Mach number (example.82) from pilots flying oceanic flights and place the number inside the Remarks section of their flight plan before handing off to the next controller. This is to assist Center with their full oceanic clearance when the aircraft has reach them. Note that this procedure is only to be followed if TTZP_CTR is online and is not done in the real world by ATC in Barbados, but done only on VATSIM due to network limitations. Issuing Taxi Instructions Taxi instructions are relatively easy due to the simple layout of the taxiway (twy) system. The airport has 1 main twy and that is twy A. There are 8 other twys with holding points (hldg pts) at 8 of them. These 9 twys are B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K. For light & small aircraft, C is mostly used. For medium, large and heavy aircraft, we often use B. However you as GND controller should always offer the full length of the rwy since rwy behind them is useless. Let s look at examples to demonstrate the proper phraseology for taxi instructions. Runway 09 Departures LIA362: Adams GND, LIA362, request (req) taxi. GND: LIA362, Rwy 09, taxi via A to holding point pilot s discretion, time 20. LIA362: (Acknowledges) AAL1384: Adams GND, AAL1384, gate 13, req taxi. GND: AAL1384, Rwy 09, taxi via A to hldg pt B, time 20 AAL1384: (Acknowledges) SVD614: Adams GND, SVD614, gate 5, req taxi and twy D for departure. GND: SVD614, Rwy 09, taxi to the hldg pt on twy D, time 20. 11
Runway 27 Departures BAW2154: Adams GND, BAW2154, stand 14 req taxi. GND: BAW2154, Rwy 27, taxi via A to hldg pt G, time 25. BAW2154: Rwy 27 taxi via A to hldg pt G. (advise he copy ATC clearance sooner, as the taxi time to rnw 27 is shorter than rnw09 and after he acknowledges ATC clearance, send him over to). GND: ATC Clr is correct, contact Adams TWR on 118.7 Crossing Runway 09/27 Ground must coordinate with Tower about any aircrafts requesting taxi clearance from the south ramp to the north ramp and vice versa. Ground must receive permission from the Tower to allow any aircraft to cross the active (for obvious reasons).here s an example: N262DP: Adams GND, N262DP, on the south ramp, request taxi Exit 1. GND: N262DP, Adams GND, Cross rwy 09 via twys K and D, continue on A to C. N262DP: (Acknowledges) GND: N262DP rgr. WARLOK2: Adams GND, WARLOK2, on the south ramp, requesting permission to cross the active for refueling. GND: WARLOK2, Adams GND, Cross rwy 09 via taxiways K and D to gate 2. WARLOK2: (Acknowledges and reports clear of the rwy) GND: WARLOK2 rgr. 12
PARKING Arriving a/c landing Rwy 09 will vacate the active either via twys B, E, F or G. Arriving a/c landing Rwy 27 will vacate the active either via D, C or B. Upon vacating the active, Tower will then hand the aircraft over to the GND controller for parking. GND will then issue taxi clearance to a gate or allow the pilot to choose. Once parked, the pilot is to report engines off and the GND controller closes that FPL. An example of the proper phraseology is below: VIR30: Adams GND, VIR30 just off the rwy on E. GND: VIR30, Adams GND, taxi to gate is 13/parking at pilot s discretion, report engines off. VIR30: Gate 13/park at my discretion, VIR30 VIR30: VIR30 with engines off. GND: VIR 30 rgr. FPL closed at time 25. Good day. 13
Information Useful to Controllers Length of Rwy available- 11,026ft/3361m VOR/DME frequency- 112.700MHz ILS09 frequency- 110.100MHz, ID-IBGI, CRS-091 ATIS frequency- 132.720 Taxi Chart: 14
Adams TMA SSR Codes International SSR Codes 27-- Domestic SSR Codes 17-- Local SSR Codes 10-- INTERNATIONAL FLIGHT: Flight originating from an aerodrome in the Piarco FIR and going to a destination outside its boundary and vice versa. DOMESTIC FLIGHT: LOCAL FLIGHT: Flight originating from an aerodrome in the Piarco FIR and flying to another TMA inside Piarco FIR. Flight within a TMA/CTR 15
Airways within Adams TMA & Corresponding Fixes/ Boundaries UA632 A632 UA555 A555 G642 UR750 R750 UA511 A511 R893 UA561 A561 UR515 R515 ANU/EGEMA BIRNO/ERROL ILURI/FOF/TRAPP BORUS/KELSO TEDDY//SLU BNE TIBOT SV//LENAL GOTER AMULA GND//DAREK RAKAN POS LOGAN *The prefix U stands for Upper. For example; the UR750 is read as follows Upper Romeo Seven Fife Zero. 16
List of Preferred Routes **Aircraft departing the Adams TMA with cruising altitudes above FL245 should file for the use of Upper Airways. ** Aircraft departing the Adams TMA with cruising altitudes below FL245 should file for the use of lower airways. Flights To-: TNCM: BGI A632 ANU B520 PJM TAPA: BGI A632 TAPA TDPD: BGI A632 TASAR/BIRNO TFFF: BGI A555 FOF TLPC: BGI G642 SLU TLPL: BGI R750 BNE TVSV: BGI A511 SV MKJP: BGI UA511 MLY TVSC: BGI R893 CAI TGPY: BGI A561GND TTPP: BGI R515 POS TTCP: BGI R515 TAB SYCJ: BGI A632 TIM SOCA: BGI A555 CYR Flights Originating from the Adams TMA going to North America:- KZMA: BGI UA555 ILURI L454 ELMUC L451 or BGI UA555 ILURI A555 ZQA Or BGI UA555 ILURI TJZS: BGI UA555 ILURI A555 DDP KZNY: BGI UA555 ILURI L454 OWNEZ or BGI UA632 ANU UB520 ELOPO B520 PJM L451 ELMUC L454 17
List of Aircraft Operating Agencies Telephony Designators This is not a full list but contains the three-letter designators for aircraft operating agencies more regularly seen on the VATSIM network in the Eastern Caribbean Region. AIRCRAFT OPERATING THREE-LETTER TELEPHONY AGENCY DESIGNATOR Air Canada ACA Air Canada Air Caraibes FWI French West American Airlines AAL American Amerijet AJT Amerijet British Airways BAW Speedbird Caribbean Airlines BWA Caribbean Airlines Cargolux CLX Cargolux Condor CFG Condor Delta Airlines DAL Delta LIAT LIA Liat Grenadine Air Alliance SVD Grenadines Mustique Airways MAW Mustique Thomas Cook TCX Krestral Thomsonfly TOM Thomson US Airways AWE Cactus Vensecar International VEC Vencesar Westjet WJA Westjet Canada Charter CCC Canada Charter FedEx FDX Fedex Air France AFR Air France Cayman Airways CAY Cayman Continental Airlines COA Continental Jetblue JBU Jetblue Virgin Atlantic VIR Virgin Some of the information in this document was adapted from the AIP for the Grantley Adams International Airport and the AIS Training Manual DOC1313/2. Small changes were made for the limitations of the VATSIM Network. 18