Point Merge & RECAT-EU at Leipzig-Halle Airport (EDDP) DFS Center Munich
Content Aerodrome Layout Arrival Restrictions Former Transition to Final Point Merge System RECAT-EU
Aerodrome Layout Almost all landing traffic is planned for apron 4 (DHL Hub). 3
Arrival Restrictions Only parallel dependent operations possible Preferred RWY 08R/26L due to minor taxi time and to avoid runway crossing About 85 % of inbound aircraft are Types About 65-78 arrivals between 2200-0130 lcl time, depending on the season The departures go airborn between 0300-0600 lcl time Large cities of Leipzig & Halle directly below the downwind Noise abatement is a big issue! 4
Former Transition to Final Approach (RWY26) Leipzig 5
Former Transition to Final Approach (RWY08) Halle 6
Point Merge System (RWY26) DP289 DP290 FL 90 DP288 FL 90 DP287 IAS 160KT + til 5NM final KOSAM TAKOR IAS 180 KT IAF LISBA IAS 200 KT A 5000 + DP280 FL 80 DP279 FL 80 DP209 DP210 FL 100 FL 100 7
Point Merge System (RWY08) BARAP IAS 250 KT FL 130 JUNKA NOKDO FL 100 DP009 FL 100 DP010 FL 100 IAF SONDU IAS 200 KT A 5000 + MOKUL GAMKO IAS 180 KT IAS 160KT + til 5NM final DP089 DP090 FL 90 FL 90 GERDO 8
Point Merge System Implemented as Trial Phase in December 2015 Published as RNAV1-STARs, leading to Merge Point Merge Point equals IAF Point Merge System is only used during the arrival peak, between 2200-0130 lcl time 9
Point Merge System (RNAV Holdings RWY26) BARAP DP290 IAF LISBA NERID DP210 LASTO GERDO NOT TO SCALE Schematische Darstellung nur für Unterrichtszwecke
Point Merge System (RNAV Holdings RWY08) BARAP NOKDO IAF SONDU NERID LASTO GERDO NOT TO SCALE Schematische Darstellung nur für Unterrichtszwecke
Point Merge System - Benefits for Noise Abatement Transition Point Merge Tsd. concerned people
Arrivals on north runway staggered approaches in Peak-Zeiten TWR offers the north runway during peak hours DHL accepts landings on the north runway with long taxi times during peak hours to reduce delay in the air or regulations Advantage: staggered approaches automatically increase the spacing on the south final The increased spacing will be used for runway crossings or departures. We can have parallel arrivals under special conditions described in our operational manual (BA-FVD Punkt 327 Herabsetzung der Staffelung) AG Leipzig - CC/FO-S 13
Arrivals on north runway Spacing using staggered approaches between 3NM und 4NM theoretically Practical best >7,5NM >5NM 4NM 3NM 4NM 3NM 4NM 3NM 4NM 3NM >5NM >7,5NM >5NM >7,5NM Advantage: buffer Advantage: for mistakes, best spacing usage of can the be spacing used for on runway final crossing or disadvantage: no buffer for mistakes, departures spacing to small for runway crossing or departures AG Leipzig - CC/FO-S
RECAT-EU The RECAT-EU scheme is based on a set of principles, comparing the wake generation and wake resistance between aircraft types, and splitting ICAO HEAVY and MEDIUM categories into Upper ( Larger ) and Lower ( Smaller ). This split has been based on aircraft type characteristics. This allows reduction of separation minima for some traffic pairs of aircraft, enabling runway throughput increase, whilst maintaining acceptable levels of safety. 15
RECAT-EU Comparison of size B763-A346 wingspan difference of more than 15 metres, but the same WTC acc. to ICAO over-conservative separation 16
RECAT-EU 17
RECAT-EU ICAO wake turbulence categories and separation minima 18
RECAT-EU Wake Turbulence Separation Minima acc. RECAT-EU RECAT-EU scheme Super Upper Lower Upper Medium Lower Medium Light Leader / Follower A B C D E F Super Upper Lower A 3NM 4NM 5NM 5NM 6NM 8NM B 3NM 4NM 4NM 5NM 7NM C 3NM 3NM 4NM 6NM Upper Medium Lower Medium D E 5NM 4NM Light F 3NM 19
RECAT-EU Benefits Follower Super Upper Lower Upper Medium Lower Medium Light Leader A B C D E F Super Upper Lower Upper Medium A -2 NM -1 NM -2 NM -1 NM B -1 NM -1 NM +1 NM C -1 NM -1 NM -2 NM -1 NM D Lower Medium E -1 NM Light F 20
RECAT-EU Example list of aircraft types assigned to RECAT-EU categories Super Medium Light A B C D E F A306 A388 A332 A306 A318 AT43 FA10 A30B A124 A333 A30B A319 AT45 FA20 A343 A310 A320 AT72 D328 A310 A345 B703 A321 B712 E120 B752 A346 B752 AN12 B732 BE40 A359 B753 B736 B733 BE45 B753 B744 B762 B737 B734 H25B B762 B748 B763 B738 B735 JS32 B763 B772 B764 B739 CL60 JS41 B764 B773 B783 C130 CRJ1 LJ35 B77L C135 IL18 CRJ2 LJ60 Category C (Lower ) Covers about 80% of arrivals to DHL Hub Leipzig B77W DC10 MD81 CRJ7 SF34 B788 DC85 MD82 CRJ9 P180 B789 IL76 MD83 DH8D C650 IL96 MD11 MD87 E135 C525 TU22 MD88 E145 C180 TU95 MD90 E170 C152 T204 TU16 E175 E190 E195 F70 F100 GLF4 RJ85 RJ1H 21
RECAT-EU Implementation at EDDP RECAT-EU scheme Follower Super Upper Lower Medium Light Leader Super 6NM 7NM 8NM Upper 4NM 4NM 4NM 5NM 6NM Lower 4NM 3NM Medium 5NM Light Implementation of RECAT-EU exclusively to pairings of a/c types based on A300, B757 & B767 (Category Lower ) No technical support for ATCOs Wake Turbulence Designator in flightstrip & radarlabel stays the same (H) 22
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