Portfolio for Safety Research and Development Presented to: By: Date: EUROCONTROL Safety R&D Seminar Paul Krois October, 2008
Introduction The FAA National Aviation Research Plan (NARP) integrates and describes the FAA research and development (R&D) portfolio The NARP supports both the current day-to-day operations of the National Airspace System (NAS) and the future vision for the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) For Fiscal Year 2009, the portfolio is comprised of 44 R&D programs Fiscal Year 2009 = October 1, 2008 through September 30, 2009 1
Fiscal Year 2009 R&D Budget Request R&D budget comprised of four appropriations accounts funded by Congress FY 2009 needs defined in FY2007 and submitted to Congress in FY 2008 39% 10% <1% Airports US Dollars 34,348,000 Euros 23,514,270 S&O 125,000 85,574 Airports Safety & Operations Research, Engineering & Development Facilities and Equipment 51% RE&D 171,028,000 117,083,924 F&E 131,128,000 89,768,814 Total 336,629,000 230,452,582 NextGen: $83,448,000 (25%) 2
Relationship of NARP to FAA Plans This approach enables FAA to address the challenges of safely operating today s air transportation system while building the research foundation for NextGen 3
Alignment of Aviation Goals Flight Plan Goals Greater Capacity Increased Safety International Leadership Organizational Excellence FAA R&D Goals Fast, flexible, and efficient Clean and quiet Human-centered design Human protection Safe aerospace vehicle Self separation Situational awareness System knowledge World leadership High quality teams and individuals JPDO Integrated Plan Goals Expand Capacity Protect the Environment Ensure Safety Retain U.S. Leadership in Global Aviation Secure the Nation Ensure our National Defense 4
FAA Lines of Business Five Lines of Business (LOBs) are responsible for defining the agency s R&D needs and requirements. Air Traffic Organization (ATO) 19 programs Aviation Safety (AVS) 15 programs Airports (ARP) 5 programs Commercial Space Transportation (AST) 1 program Aviation Policy, Planning and Environment (AEP) 4 programs 5
Definitions Applied research is systematic study to gain knowledge or understanding necessary to determine the means by which recognized and specific needs may be met Development is the systematic application of knowledge or understanding directed toward the production of useful materials, devices, and systems or methods, including design, development, and improvement of prototypes and new processes to meet specific requirements As characterized in the Office of Management and Budget Circular A-11 6
R&D Programs 16 14 12 10 8 6 Research Development 4 2 0 Air Traffic Org Aviation Safety Airports Environment Commercial Space 7
R&D Goal Definitions Fast, Flexible and Efficient a system that safely and quickly moves anyone and anything, anywhere, anytime on schedules that meet customer needs Clean and Quiet a reduction of significant aerospace environmental impacts in absolute terms High Quality Teams and Individuals the best qualified and trained workforce in the world Human-Centered Design aerospace systems that adapt to, compensate for, and augment the performance of the human Human Protection a reduction in fatalities, injuries, or adverse health impacts due to aerospace operations 8
R&D Goal Definitions (concluded) Safe Aerospace Vehicles a reduction in accidents and incidents due to aerospace vehicle design, structure, and subsystems Self-Separation a reduction in accidents and incidents due to aerospace vehicle operations in the air and on the ground Situational Awareness common, accurate, and real-time information on aerospace operations, events, crises, obstacles, and weather System Knowledge a thorough understanding of how the aerospace system operates, the impact of change on system performance and risk, and how the system impacts the nation World Leadership a globally recognized leader in aerospace technology, systems, and operations 9
R&D Goals and Activities Each R&D goal is supported by key research activities Research activities are funded through either core or NextGen programs Activities are considered to be NextGen if at least one NextGen R&D program supports its accomplishment 10
Mapping of Key Activities to R&D Goals R&D Goal 2.1 Fast, flexible, and efficient 2.2 Clean and quiet 2.3 High quality teams and individuals 2.4 Human-centered design 2.5 Human protection 2.6 Safe aerospace vehicles 2.7 Self-separation 2.8 Situational awareness 2.9 System knowledge 2.10 World leadership Total All Activities 20 23 13 10 11 15 20 20 21 7 160 NextGen Activities 8 13 9 8 0 0 20 5 12 1 76 Percent NextGen 40% 57% 69% 80% 0 0 100% 25% 57% 14% 47.5% 11
Activity Timeline Year All Activities NextGen Activities Percent NextGen 2008 16 4 25% 2009 5 2 40% 2010 29 13 45% 2011 27 13 48% 2012 38 8 21% 2013 20 15 75% 2014 7 7 100% 2015 12 9 75% 2016 6 5 83% Total 160 76 45.5% 12
Portfolio Development Process The R&D Executive Board (REB) determines the process for developing the annual budget request and analyzes any gaps in its decision-making process R&D Portfolio development process includes strategic planning, budget formulation, program execution, and program evaluation Sponsors identify research needs, assign priorities to those needs, and evaluate outputs from projects supporting the needs Performers plan, conduct, and report on research projects The REB also coordinates the various iterations of the portfolio with upper-level management within the FAA The R&D Portfolio Development Process Guidance Document defines the process for producing an R&D program that demonstrates a high level of relevance, quality, and performance 13
NextGen Challenges Alignment: For each R&D goal, the 2008 NARP identifies one key mid-term milestone that best defines the research contribution to NextGen JPDO R&D Plan: JPDO NextGen goals supported by 60 requirements that are being addressed by FAA NextGen R&D programs Safety Capacity Environment and energy 2009 NARP: Align NextGen R&D programs and activities to the NextGen Implementation Plan, Enterprise Architecture, and operational improvements Management: Provide controls of NextGen funding using automated program and budgetary tools 14
Safety R&D Programs Aircraft Safety Air Traffic Control/Technical Operations Human Factors Flightdeck/Maintenance/System Integration Human Factors Aviation Weather NextGen Weather Technology in the Cockpit NextGen Self Separation and Air-Ground Integration NextGen System Safety Management Transformation Wake Turbulence Airport Safety 2008 NARP accessible at: http://nas-architecture.faa.gov/nas/downloads/home.cfm 15
Wake Turbulence Research Challenge Aircraft-to-aircraft wake separation standards need to be reduced safely through application of technology and procedures Mitigate wake turbulence and collision risk impacts to enable more efficient use of congested airspace and existing and future runways at the busiest airports Approach Convert knowledge of wake movement and other characteristics along with aircraft and aircrew performance into ATC processes and standards Extend success in gaining approval for use of dependent staggered approaches at reduced separations (1.5 NM when Small or Large Aircraft are leading) at the Lambert-Saint Louis International Airport. Allows use under weather conditions that previously would have caused the airport to shift to a single runway operation 16
Wake (continued) Current Activities With EUROCONTROL, continue developing ground and aircraft-based concepts for situational display of separation constraints Collect data to determine characteristics of wake vortices generated by departing and arriving aircraft for use in ANSP decision tools Investigate a wind prediction algorithm to assess crosswind-dependent wake mitigations to better control the approach of 757 and heavy category aircraft to closely spaced parallel runways 17
Wake (concluded) NextGen Activities Wake Re-Categorization project provides the analysis, experimentation, and validation activities needed to refine the boundaries of the current six weight categories, and their associated wake separation minima, into a static wake-based set of categories and separation minima for the U.S. National Airspace System-wide fleet mix Working cooperatively with EUROCONTROL and ICAO Develop an approach for evaluating the safety risks associated with potential methods for determining safe wake separations between various groups of aircraft (i.e., Jumbo, Heavy, Large, Small, and Very Small) Conduct analyses to link wake transport and decay characteristics to aircraft flight and surrounding weather parameters Develop human-in-the-loop simulations for controllers to evaluate usability of a proposed set of wake separation standards 18
Airport Safety Research Challenge Mitigate significant airport issues involving operations, design, and construction of specific interest to the airport community. Research issues include improving airport lighting and marking, as well as fire and rescue capabilities in airports, and reducing wildlife hazards and surface accidents 19
Airport Safety (continued) Current Activities Complete evaluating camera-based Foreign Object Debris (FOD) detection systems at Boston Logan and Chicago O'Hare, and a mobile FOD detection system at Chicago s Midway Airport. For New Large Aircraft (NLA) such as the A-380, complete testing the next generation high reach extendible turret, assess fire fighting agent quantities, and conduct full scale testing of composite fires at the NLA Facility at Tyndall Air Force Base in Florida. Complete assessing new photo luminescent technology to improve surface marking visibility. Complete testing the effects of runway de-icing and anti-icing chemicals on traction. Complete studying the cold region freeze-thaw durability of the Engineered Material Arresting System (EMAS). Some 30 airports in the US and 4 internationally are using EMAS, and there have been three successful saves at the New York John F. Kennedy airport and other close calls at the Chicago O-Hare and Burbank, California airports. 20
Engineered Material Arresting System (EMAS) MAY 1999 SAAB 340 OVERSHOOTS R/W 4R AT JFK WITH 34 ON-BOARD 21
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Engineered Material Arresting System Toronto Aug. 02, 2005 Air France A340 carrying 309 passengers overran the end of runway 06 during a thunderstorm coming to a stop about 600ft from the threshold. 23
Summary Over 230M Euro investment planned for Fiscal Year 2009 R&D addresses near-term needs of the FAA Flight Plan supports mid- and longer-term capabilities of NextGen Portfolio comprised of 44 R&D programs providing R&D for five lines of business Involves four appropriations accounts from Congress 24