Second Assessment of Transboundary Rivers, Lakes and Groundwaters under the UNECE Water Convention Transboundary and Not-Tranboundary Aquifers in the Basin Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute Bratislava, Slovakia
Groundwaters are the main source of drinking water and they underlie the economic development degree and living standard in the Slovak republic. Slovak republic belong to the states with expressive orientation of water system on groundwaters. Groundwater is the drinking water source of the highest quality. Both, groundwater (82.2 %) and surface water (17.8 %) are exploited as drinking water in Slovakia. Žitný ostrov is the biggest natural groundwater source in Slovakia and in Central Europe with app. 20 400 l.s-1 capacity.
The basic precondition of groundwater state assessment is definition the groundwater body. characterise the water, assessment water state, comparison with the environmental aims
DEFINITION GWB in according the Regulation about water every GWB representatives definable capacity in aquifer it was necessary to defined all GWB in which extraction amounts are more than 10 m 3 /day (0.116 l.s -1 ) or which supply with drinking water (> 50 persons) definition of GWB as transboundary GWB is incorporated to the river basin GWB were defined according geological and hydrogeological conditions and according the hydraulic boundary GWB were defined according to qualitative aspect of GW and according to significant differences in quality of GW
GWB we defined in 3 individual layers: a) GWB of Quaternary sediments b) GWB of pre-quaternary rocks c) Geothermal waters (deep circulation of groundwater with temperature over 15 C)
Quaternary GWB Senica Trenèín Nové Mesto n/váhom Púchov Žilina Dolný Kubín Martin Ružomberok Liptovský Mikuláš SK1000500P Banská Bystrica Stará ¼ubovòa Kežmarok SK1001000P Poprad Spišská Nová Ves SK1001400P SK1001300P SK1001600P Prešov Humenné SK1000100P Piešany Partizánske Topo¾èany Žiar n/hronom Zvolen Rožòava Košice SK1001200P Trebišov Michalovce Sereï Nitra SK1001100P Rimavská Sobota SK1001500P BRATISLAVA SK1000400P Galanta Levice Ve¾ký Krtíš SK1000900P SK1000300P Dunajská Streda SK1000200P Nové Zámky SK1000700P SK1000800P Komárno SK1000600P Štúrovo
pre-quaternary GWB SK2001800F SK2003200P Žilina Dolný Kubín Stará ¼ubovòa SK2004700F Púchov SK1001400P SK200240FK SK200440KF SK200350FK Martin Ružomberok Liptovský Mikuláš Kežmarok SK2003300F Poprad Trenèín SK200270KF SK200340KF SK2005700F SK200420FK SK2002100P SK2004900F SK200140KF SK200300FK Prešov SK200360FK Spišská Nová Ves SK200160FK SK200430FK SK2000700F Nové Mesto n/váhom Humenné Senica SK200120FK SK200250KF SK200290FK SK200460KF SK200510KF SK200090FK SK200200FP Banská Bystrica SK200540FP SK200590FP SK2000400P SK2001300P SK200190FK SK200390KF SK200500FK Piešany Partizánske SK200550FP SK200170FP Košice Michalovce SK2000200P SK200080KF SK200110KF Topo¾èany Žiar n/hronom SK200280FK Rožòava SK200060KF Zvolen SK200220FP Trebišov SK200150FP SK200480KF SK2005300P SK2005800P SK200030FK SK2005200P Sereï SK200380FP Nitra SK200010FK Rimavská Sobota SK2004500P BRATISLAVA SK2001000P SK2004000P SK200560FK Galanta Levice SK200260FP SK2003100P SK2003700P Ve¾ký Krtíš Dunajská Streda Nové Zámky SK2002300P SK2000500P Komárno Štúrovo
Geothermal GWB SK300030FK Žilina Dolný SK300120FK Kubín Púchov SK300080FK Martin Ružomberok Liptovský Mikuláš SK300070FK SK300130FK Trenèín SK300110FK SK300060FK Nové Mesto n/váhom Senica SK300100FK Banská Bystrica SK300050FK SK300090FK Piešany Partizánske Topo¾èany Žiar n/hronom SK300190FK Zvolen SK300040FK Stará ¼ubovòa Kežmarok SK300150FK SK300140FK Poprad Spišská Nová Ves Rožòava Prešov SK300170FK Košice Humenné SK300160FK Michalovce Trebišov BRATISLAVA Sereï Galanta Nitra SK300180FK SK300200FK Levice Ve¾ký SK300260FK Krtíš SK300220FK Rimavská Sobota SK3002300F Dunajská Streda SK300240PF SK300210FK Nové Zámky SK300250PF Komárno SK300020FK Štúrovo SK300010FK
Identified transboundary Quaternary GWB Žilina Dolný Kubín Stará ¼ubovòa Púchov Martin Ružomberok Liptovský Mikuláš Kežmarok Trenèín Nové Mesto n/váhom Poprad Spišská Nová Ves Prešov Humenné Senica Banská Bystrica Piešany Topo¾èany Partizánske Žiar n/hronom Zvolen Rožòava Košice Trebišov Michalovce Sereï Nitra Rimavská Sobota SK1001500P BRATISLAVA SK1000300P Galanta Levice Ve¾ký Krtíš Dunajská Streda Nové Zámky SK1000200P Komárno Štúrovo
Identified transboundary pre-quaternary GWB Žilina Dolný Kubín Stará ¼ubovòa Púchov Martin Ružomberok Liptovský Mikuláš Kežmarok Poprad Trenèín Nové Mesto n/váhom Spišská Nová Ves Prešov Humenné Senica Banská Bystrica Piešany Topo¾èany Partizánske Žiar n/hronom Zvolen SK200480KF Rožòava Košice Trebišov Michalovce Sereï Nitra Rimavská Sobota BRATISLAVA Galanta Levice Ve¾ký Krtíš Dunajská Streda Nové Zámky Komárno Štúrovo
Identified transboundary geothermal GWB Žilina Dolný Kubín Stará ¼ubovòa Púchov Martin Ružomberok Liptovský Mikuláš Kežmarok Trenèín Nové Mesto n/váhom Poprad Spišská Nová Ves Prešov Humenné Senica Banská Bystrica Piešany Topo¾èany Partizánske Žiar n/hronom Zvolen Rožòava Košice Trebišov Michalovce Sereï Nitra Rimavská Sobota BRATISLAVA Galanta Levice Ve¾ký Krtíš Dunajská Streda Nové Zámky SK300020FK Komárno Štúrovo SK300010FK
The main part of groundwater extraction 8468.82 l.s -1 (76.1%, year 2008) is for drinking water Groundwater use in Slovakia in the years 1989-2008 l.s -1
VAH RIVER BASIN
Quaternary pre-quaternary GWB assessed for the neighbouring basin assessed GWB Vah Mesozoic of West Tatras (-/74), GWB SK200270KF
Predominant lithology: limestones and dolomites Stratigraphy and age: Middle and Upper Triassic Thickness: mean 300 m; maximum 1500 m Areal extent: 1006.513 km 2 Dominant groundwater flow direction: from the both countries; from SK to Poland and from Poland to SK; (from E to W and from W to E) Link with surface water systems is weak
This picture the most closely characterizes transboundary aquifer state border follows surface water catchment and groundwater divide, little transboundary groundwater flow
Groundwater resources VAH (SK200270KF) m 3 /year (average for the years 2004-2006) 51 321 686.99
Annual water withdrawal by sector VAH (SK200270KF) Agriculture % Domestic % Industry % Energy % Other % Total m 3 /year 0,3 83,2 0 x 16,5 15 319 787,904
POPRAD RIVER BASIN
Quaternary pre-quaternary assessed GWB Dunajec and Poprad Mesozoic of Belianske Tatras (-/75) SK200440KF
Predominant lithology: limestones and dolomites Stratigraphy and age: Middle and Upper Triassic Thickness: mean 300 m; maximum 1500 m Areal extent: 191,239 km 2 Dominant groundwater flow direction: from the both countries; from SK to Poland and from Poland to SK; (from E to W and from W to E) Link with surface water systems is weak
This picture the most closely characterizes transboundary aquifer state border follows major river, alluvial aquifer connected to river, little transboundary flow
Groundwater resources m 3 /year (average for the years 2004-2006) POPRAD (SK200440KF) 13 598 307.41
Annual water withdrawal by sector POPRAD (SK200440KF) Agriculture % Domestic % Industry % Energy % Other % Total m 3 /year x 100 x x x 230 211,072
IPOLY RIVER BASIN
Quaternary pre-quaternary GWB assessed for the neighbouring basin assessed GWB IPEL/IPOLY Alluvial Ipoly (-/52) SK1000800P
Predominant lithology: sandy and loamy gravels Stratigraphy and age: Quaternary; Holocene Thickness: mean 5-10 m; maximum 15 m Areal extent: 198,072 km 2 Dominant groundwater flow direction: from the both countries; from SK to HU and from HU to SK; project ENWAT hydraulic model of GW flow Link with surface water systems is medium
This picture the most closely characterizes transboundary aquifer state border follows major river, alluvial aquifer connected to river, little transboundary flow
Groundwater resources m 3 /year (average for the years 2004-2006) IPEL/IPOLY (SK1000800P) 4 662 078.42
Annual water withdrawal by sector IPEL (SK1000800P) Agriculture % Domestic % Industry % Energy % Other % Total m 3 /year 50,4 38,9 8,3 x 2,4 117 951,552
Groundwater quality VAH chemical status of GWB SK200270KF and POPRAD chemical status of GWB SK200440KF has been assessed as good IPOLY - In groundwater body SK1000800P increased content of total iron and manganese in groundwater is generated from geogenic sources. - According to groundwater chemical status assessment (2007) in 64% area of groundwater body SK1000800P concentrations of nitrates and in 36% area concentrations of ammonia ions exceeded threshold values. Exceeded concentration of atrazine in eastern part of groundwater body has local character. - Chemical status of groundwater body SK1000800P has been assessed as bad due to contents of ammonia ions, nitrates and sulphates.
Assessment of the groundwater body risk to achieved good chemical state up to 2015 for SK200270KF, SK200440KF, SK100080OP Potential impact of point source pollution GWB are not put into bodies at risk in consequence of bad qualitative state of GW Potential impact of areal source pollution Assessed was: potential impact of pesticides, nitrogen, land use possible risk: Ipoly River basin pollutants: NO 3, PO 4, Cl, pesticides
Quaternary GWB at risk to achieved good chemical state up to 2015 assessment of point and diffused pollution source Žilina Dolný Kubín Stará ¼ubovòa Púchov Martin Ružomberok Liptovský Mikuláš Kežmarok Senica Trenèín Nové Mesto n/váhom Banská Bystrica Poprad Spišská Nová Ves Prešov Humenné Piešany Partizánske Topo¾èany Žiar n/hronom Zvolen Rožòava Košice Trebišov Michalovce Sereï Nitra Rimavská Sobota BRATISLAVA Galanta Levice Ve¾ký Krtíš Dunajská Streda Nové Zámky GWB is at risk Komárno Štúrovo GWB LEGENDA : is at possible risk útvar podzemných vôd je v riziku útvar podzemných vôd je v možnom riziku útvar podzemných vôd nie je v riziku GWB is not at risk 2005 year, source: MŽPSR, VÚVH, SHMÚ, SVP
pre-quaternary GWB at risk to achieved good chemical state up to 2015 assessment of point and diffused pollution source Púchov Žilina Dolný Kubín Stará ¼ubovòa Martin Ružomberok Liptovský Mikuláš Kežmarok Senica Trenèín Nové Mesto n/váhom Banská Bystrica Poprad Spišská Nová Ves Prešov Humenné Piešany Partizánske Topo¾èany Žiar n/hronom Zvolen Rožòava Košice Trebišov Michalovce Sereï Nitra Rimavská Sobota BRATISLAVA Galanta Levice Ve¾ký Krtíš Dunajská Streda Nové Zámky GWB is at risk Komárno Štúrovo LEGENDA : GWB is at possible risk útvar podzemných vôd je v riziku útvar podzemných vôd je v možnom riziku útvar podzemných vôd nie je v riziku GWB is not at risk 2005 year, source: MŽPSR, VÚVH, SHMÚ, SVP
Quaternary GWB at risk to achieved good quantitative state up to 2015 Žilina Dolný Kubín Stará ¼ubovòa Púchov Martin Ružomberok Liptovský Mikuláš Kežmarok Trenèín Nové Mesto n/váhom Poprad Spišská Nová Ves Prešov Humenné Senica Banská Bystrica Piešany Partizánske Topo¾èany Žiar n/hronom Zvolen Rožòava Košice Trebišov Michalovce Sereï Nitra Rimavská Sobota BRATISLAVA Galanta Levice Ve¾ký Krtíš Dunajská Streda Nové Zámky GWB is at risk Komárno Štúrovo GWB LEGENDA is : at possible risk útvar podzemných vôd je v riziku útvar podzemných vôd je v možnom riziku útvar podzemných vôd nie je v riziku GWB is not at risk 2005 year, source: MŽPSR, VÚVH, SHMÚ, SVP
pre-quaternary GWB at risk to achieved good quantitative state up to 2015 Žilina Dolný Kubín Stará ¼ubovòa Púchov Martin Ružomberok Liptovský Mikuláš Kežmarok Trenèín Nové Mesto n/váhom Poprad Spišská Nová Ves Prešov Humenné Senica Banská Bystrica Piešany Topo¾èany Partizánske Žiar n/hronom Zvolen Rožòava Košice Trebišov Michalovce Sereï Nitra Rimavská Sobota BRATISLAVA Galanta Levice Ve¾ký Krtíš Dunajská Streda Nové Zámky GWB is at risk Komárno Štúrovo LEGENDA : GWB is at possible risk útvar podzemných vôd je v riziku útvar podzemných vôd je v možnom riziku útvar podzemných vôd nie je v riziku GWB is not at risk 2005 year, source: MŽPSR, VÚVH, SHMÚ, SVP
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