Population density and number of wild boar (Sus scrofa) estimated by sampling plots in south-western Poland Bobek Bogusław Pedagogical University of Cracow, Institute of Biology, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Kraków E-mail: bbobek@o2pl Furtek Jakub Polish Wildlife Foundation, Żołnierska 31, 30-735 Kraków Orłowska Lidia Pedagogical University of Cracow, Institute of Biology, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Kraków Wojciuch- Płoskonka Marta Polish Wildlife Foundation, Żołnierska 31, 30-735 Kraków
STUDY AREA: LOCATION OF 10 GAME MANAGEMENTS UNIT I. Bory Dolnośląskie Forest South-West II. III. IV. Bory Dolnośląskie Forest North-East Odra Valley Barycz Valley V. Sudety Foothills VI. VII. Śląska Lowland Karkonosze Mnts VIII. Sowie Mnts IX. Kłodzka Valley X. Trzebnica Hills
METHODS: POPULATION CENSUS Time: February 2017 Large sampling plots: 400 500 ha 40-50 persons per sampling plot Block count method Excluding multiple observations of wild boar units according to their size and structure (Maruyama 1992; Herrero et al 2011; Bobek et al 2013)
METHODS: POPULATION CENSUS Location of sampling plots in management unit Bory Dolnośląskie South-West
METHODS: POPULATION CENSUS
METHODS: POPULATION CENSUS
METHODS: POPULATION CENSUS
METHODS: SIMULATION OF POPULATION DYNAMICS LOCATION: Game management unit Exponential rate of change INPUT DATA: Period 10 years: 2017 2027; Population size in February 2017; Target in 2027: 0,5 or 0,1 wild boar/ 1 km 2 of total area; Annual net population increase: 75% - 150% of population size in February OUTPUT DATA: Annual harvest, Population size in consecutive years
NUMBERS OF ANIMALS Wild boar simulation of population dynamics in game management unit final target: 449 wild boars (0,5/ km 2 of total area) Total area 89,3 10 3 ha, Forest area 68,7 10 3 ha 1800 1400 1000 600 200 1 706 1 493 N - population in February 1 306 H - annual harvest (87,5% N) 1280 R - net population increase (75% N) 1 143 1 000 980 875 766 750 670 586 574 513 513 449 449 440 385 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 YEARS
NUMBERS OF ANIMALS 2000 Wild boar simulation of population dynamics in game management unit final target: 88 wild boars (0,1/ km 2 of total area) Total area 89,3 10 3 ha, Forest area 68,7 10 3 ha 1600 1200 800 400 0 1 706 1 717 1280 944 950 708 522 525 392 289 291 217 160 119 161 120 120 89 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 YEARS N - population in February H - annual harvest (100,6% N) R - net population increase (75% N) 88
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WILD BOAR OF LOWLAND FOREST GAME MANAGEMENT UNIT AREA: ha 10 3 SAMPLING PLOTS TOTAL FOREST N ha 10 3 DENSITY 2017 N 1 H 1 H 2 Dolnośląskie Forest south-west unit Dolnośląskie Forest North-east unit 89,3 68,7 18 9,2 24,9 1 708 1 495 1 717 123,5 66,5 13 10,9 26,2 1 746 1 924 2 151 Barycz Valley 165,2 65,1 11 5,3 58,5 3 709 4 154 4 703 TOTAL 378,0 200,3 42 25,4-7 163 7 573 8 571 N 1: population size in February 2017 Density: animals per 1000 ha of forest H 1: harvest during 2017/ 2018 hunting season (target density 0,5 wild boar/ 1 km 2 of total area) H 2: harvest during 2017/ 2018 hunting season (target density 0,1 wild boar/ 1 km 2 of total area)
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WILD BOAR GAME MANAGEMENT UNIT AREA: ha 10 3 SAMPLING PLOTS TOTAL FOREST N ha 10 3 DENSITY 2017 N 1 H 1 H 2 Sowie Mnts 131,8 50,5 25 11,3 72,4 3 657 4 237 4 681 Karkonosze Mnts 80,2 43,9 22 9,3 28,4 1 246 1 069 1 232 Kłodzko Valley 129,4 58,1 33 15,2 46,5 2 701 3 057 3 414 TOTAL 341,4 152,5 80 35,8-7 604 8 363 9 327 N 1: population size in February 2017 Density: animals per 1000 ha of forest H 1: harvest during 2017/ 2018 hunting season (target density 0,5 wild boar/ 1 km 2 of total area) H 2: harvest during 2017/ 2018 hunting season (target density 0,1 wild boar/ 1 km 2 of total area)
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WILD BOAR GAME MANAGEMENT UNIT AREA: ha 10 3 SAMPLING PLOTS TOTAL FOREST N ha 10 3 DENSITY 2017 N 1 H 1 H 2 Odra Valley 140,4 39,9 6 3,5 83,3 3 323 4 264 4 883 Śląska Lowland 267,8 29,0 11 4,1 89,5 2 585 3 975 4 407 Sudety Foothills 243,0 64,1 17 6,7 96,0 6 152 8 299 9 385 Trzebnica Hills 287,1 64,5 15 6,7 85,5 5 513 6 884 8 029 TOTAL 938,3 197,5 49 21-17 573 23 422 26 704 N 1: population size in February 2017 Density: animals per 1000 ha of forest H 1: harvest during 2017/ 2018 hunting season (target density 0,5 wild boar/ 1 km 2 of total area) H 2: harvest during 2017/ 2018 hunting season (target density 0,1 wild boar/ 1 km 2 of total area)
CONCLUSIONS: Estimating population size of wild boar by using block count census is very reliable but expensive and time consuming method. Therefore it should be applied in 3 4 year intervals; In meantime, adaptive harvest based upon monitoring number of wild boar shot during collective hunts is recomended; The relationship between spreading rate of African swine fever and population density of wild boar is still lacking;
POPULATION DENSITY (N/1000 HA OF FOREST) Harvest success index i.e. number of wild boar shot per one hunting plot and population density (Bobek et al. 2018, Wildlife Biology - submited) y = (102,354)*Arctan((1,25574)*x) r = 0,79435; p = 0,00051; r 2 = 0,63099 HARVEST SUCCESS INDEX
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