Contents. National Protected Areas 19 - Wildlife 20 - Birds 22. Cultural Heritage 24 - World Heritage Sites 24 - Ethnic Diversity 26

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2 1 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK

3 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 2 Contents General Information Tourist Map 04 Helpful Words to get you started 05 Welcome to Laos 06 History 07 Travelers Information 08 Transportation 10 Entering Laos 11 Festivals and Holidays 13 National Protected Areas 19 - Wildlife 20 - Birds 22 Cultural Heritage 24 - World Heritage Sites 24 - Ethnic Diversity 26 Handicraft 27 Shopping 28 Lao Food 29 Northern Mountains 30 - Bokeo 33 - Luang Namtha 35 - Oudomxay 37

4 - Phongsaly 39 3 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Northern Heritage 42 - Houaphanh 45 - Luang Prabang 47 - Sayabouly 49 - Xieng Khouang 51 Central Provinces 54 - Bolikhamxay 57 - Khammouane 59 - Savannakhet 61 - Vientiane Capital 63 - Vientiane Province 65 Southern Provinces 68 - Attapeu 71 - Champasak 73 - Salavan 75 - Sekong 77 Lao Association of Travel Agents 80 Lao Hotel and Restaurant Association 92 Lao PDR, Embassies and Consulates abroad 95 Foreign Enbassies and Consulates in Laos 98 Useful Links and Telephone Numbers 100

5 General Information TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 4 Message from the Minister, Chairman Dear Friends, The Lao People s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), referred to as Laos is situated in the golden mainland of South East Asia. Laos is a land-locked country of stunning natural beauty, rich in culture and history, beautiful temples, strong spiritual traditions, and it remains relatively unexplored. Laos is a peaceful country and has high potential for tourism to be discovered in the heart of South East Asia. More than 70% of the country is comprised of highland area, offering great opportunities for a variety of outdoor adventures from trekking, kayaking, cycling or caving. Pristine, lush jungles, limestone forests, rivers and waterfalls, islands on the Mekong-Laos has it all. It is not just the beauty of the country but also the kindness, friendliness, hospitality and generosity of its people along with unique and attractive crafts and arts that make travelers stay in Laos an unforgettable experience. All over the country there is multitude of traditional celebrations and festivals. In addition, Laos boasts numerous historic sites that are testament of its long history. Laos is duly recognized as one of the safest and secure destinations for travelers from around the world. I wholeheartedly welcome you to Laos Simply Beautiful. Somphong MONGKHONVILAY Minister, Chairman Lao National Tourism Administration

6 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 5 Sabaidee Welcome to Lao PDR 5 General Information Leave the frenetic world behind, enter a tranquil and unhurried place, and experience the famous Lao hospitality. Laos is a country as yet untouched by the modern demands, stress and pace of life. Its beauty lies in the Lao people, century-old traditions and heritage, and its lush, pristine landscape. Visitors and guidebooks describe Laos as one of the most charming places in the region, an unadulterated country that evokes a true sense of authentic Southeast Asia. Come explore and experience Laos, `the land of million elephants, with us.

7 General Information TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 6 Lao Language The official language is Lao; its etymology stems from Sanskrit and Pali. Anglophones should be able to manage quite well in the cities, especially Vientiane. Helpful words to get you started: Hello : Sabaidee Hospital : Hong mo Thank you : Khop Chai Hotel : Hong hem Please : Kaloona Toilet : Hong nam Good-bye : La Khon Post office : Paisanee No problem : Bo pen yang Zero : Soun Eat : Kin khao one : Neung Water : Nam Two : Song Ice : Nam Kon Three : Sam Drink : Deum nam Four : See Yes : Chao Five : Ha No : Bo Six : Hok Rice : Khao Seven : Chet Where? : Yoo sai? Eight : Paet How much? : Thao dai? Nine : Kao Expensive : Pheng Ten : Sip Bus : Lot mae One hundred : Neung Hoi Doctor : Than mo One thousand : Neung phan Departmentstore : Han sapha sin kha Tourist Police : Tam luoan thong thieu Market : Ta lad Airport : Sanambin Bus station : Sathani lot mae

8 History 7 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 7 The first Lao kingdom, Lane Xang was founded in the 14th century by King Fa Ngum after he conquered and unified the lands north of Vientiane, including Luang Prabang, Xieng Khouang and the Khorat Plateau stretching into what is today Nordeasten Thailand. Luang Prabang remained the capital of Lane Xang until King Phothisarat moved the Kingdom s administrative seat to Vientiane in Even after the capital moved to Vientiane, Luang Prabang remained the country s spiritual and religious center. The country s first contact with western emissaries occurred in the mid 17 th century during the reign of King Surigna Vongsa. After the death of Surigna Vongsa in 1694 Lane Xang broke up into three separate Kingdoms: Vientiane, Champasak and Luang Prabang. General Information Part of French Indochina during the 19 th - early 20 th century colonial period Laos achieved complete independence in 1975 with the founding of the Lao People s Democratic Republic. Today Laos is comprised of 18 provinces. It is the least populated country in Southeast Asia, with nearly 6.7 milion inhabitants in 2014 or about 26 people per km 2. In comparison, Vietnam has a population density of 230 people per km 2, and Thailand 120. Roughly 85% of the population lives in rural areas. Although few in absolute numbers, within the population of Laos there is tremendous ethnic diversity with 49 officially recognized ethnic groups speaking over 48 languages. The largest contributor to the Gross Domestic Product is agriculture which provides a living for 80% of the population. The principal crop is sticky rice but corn, tobacco, cotton and coffee are also grown. Raising livestock for domestic and regional consumption is also an important economic activity. Harvest of non-timber forest products such as resins, herbal medicine and forest foods for commercial and home use is also a very important contributor to the Lao economy and rural people s livelihoods. The primary national industries include hydropower, garment manufacture, agro-forestry, tourism, mining and production of some common consumer goods.

9 General Information TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 8 Travelers Information Climate Laos generally enjoys a mild tropical climate, but it can get quite chilly in the cool season. Temperatures range from degrees Celsius in the Mekong Valley, and may dip below zero in the mountains and on the Xieng Khouang and Bolaven Plateaus. There are two distinct seasons - dry season from October - April, including cool from November - February and the rainy season which lasts from May - September. Language The national language is Lao, but English is commonly used in major tourist centers. Chinese, Vietnamese and Thai are widely understood. French, German, Russian and a number of other European languages are also spoken by many educated Lao as many students received university training in Europe during the 1970 s-1990 s. Money The official currency of the Lao PDR is the Kip. ATMs are available in major province. Major travelers checks can be cashed at banks. Credit cards are accepted in major hotels and a limited number of upscale shopping establishments and can be used to wihtdraw cash from ATMs.

10 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 9 Post and Internet Access There are post offices in all provincial capitals where letters and parcels may be sent to your home country. At Vientiane s main post office there is a poste restante service. Both DHL and FedEx have offices in Vientiane. Internet access is available in all major tourist centers and towns except from the most remote population center. 9 General Information Phone and Fax Services International Direct Dial is widely available and you can send and receive faxes from all post offices and many private businesses. You can also purchase a local SIM card for your mobile phone. Mobile roaming is also available. Electricity 24-hour electricity is available in all major population centers and many district capitals. Laos uses 220 volt AC. Business Hours Government offices are open from 8:30-12:00 and from 1:30 pm to 4:00pm on Monday through Friday. Private businesses are generally open later, especially restaurants and entertainment places. Traveling with Children Laos is a safe, quiet country with a lot to explore for both adults and children. Lao people love kids, and if you have yours along the attention and curiosity they arouse will open up many opportunities for you to interact and make friends. Health Laos has only basic healthcare. Precautionary measures like eating only well cooked food, drinking bottled water, staying hydrated, avoiding being bitten by mosquitoes and wearing protective clothing will help prevent most common ailments.

11 General Information TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 10 Transportation Road Getting around Laos is getting more and more convenient each year following major road and airport upgrades. There is daily bus service from Vientiane to all major provincial capitals and local buses and songtaeow available to more remote districts and villages with road access. Air Lao Airlines has flights to many domestic destinations and a number of regional capitals. The international airports in Vientiane, Pakse, Savannakhet and Luang Prabang have regular service to major cities in the region. From Wattay Airport in Vientiane you can reach Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Danang, Siem Reap, Phnom Penh, Kunming, Chengdu, Changzhou, Singapore. Direct flights are available to Luang Prabang from Bangkok, Chiang Mai and Hanoi and Seoul. Boat Another way to travel around Laos is on the Mekong River or one of its many tributaries. Luang Prabang is commonly access by riverboat from Houay Xay, and if you are heading north to Luang Namtha a two-day journey on the Namtha River is a memorable adventure that takes you through lush forest and requires an overnight stay in your boatmen s home. There is regular boat service on the Mekong from Pakse to the UNESCO World Heritage Site at Vat Phou and throughout the Four Thousand Islands in the far south. Train A train operates daily between Thanaleng Staition near the Lao Thai Friendship Bridge (Vientiane Capital) and Nongkhai (Thailand) connecting Laos to Thailand.

12 Entering Laos PASSPORT/VISA 11 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 11 All visitors entering Laos must possess valid passports and visitors from non-asean Countries reguire a Visa. Visa can be obtained for 30 days from Lao Embassies and Consulates abroad. In addition, visa can also be obtained on arrival at international border checkpoints. The visa fee varies from between US$20-45 depending on the agreement with the various governments. It is possible to extend the visa at the Immigration Office in Vientiane and through travel agencies. General Information ENTRY POINTS International Airports: - Wattay International Airport in Vientiane Capital - Luang Prabang International Airport in Luang Prabang Province - Pakse International Airport in Champasak Province - Savannakhet International Airport in Savannakhet province - Attapeu Province International Airport Border Checkpoints Laos-China - Houaphanh Province (Lan Tuy) - China (Moung Kham). - Luang Namtha Province (Boten) - China (Mohan) - Xiangkok riverport on Mekong River in Luang Namtha Province Laos-Myanmar - Bokeo Province (Ban Meuang Mom) - Myanmar (vang Pong)

13 General Information TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 12 Laos-Thailand - Bokeo Province (Friendship Bridge IV) - Thaniland (Chigng Khong) - Bokeo Province (Golden Trigngles) - Thailand (Golden Trigngles) - Sayabouly Province (Khaenthao) - Thailand (Nakaxeng - Loei) - Sayabouly Province (Phakeo) - Thailand (Phoudou) - Sayabouly Province (Nam Ngeun) - Thailand (Houay Konl, Nam) - Vientiane Capital (Friendship Bridge I ) - Thailand (Nong Khai) - Bolikhomxay Province (Paksan) - Thailand (Bungkarn) - Khammouane Province (Friendship Bridge III) - Thailand (Nakhon Phanom) - Savannakhet Province Friendship bridge II) - Thailand (Mukdahan) - Champasak Province (Vang Tao) - Thailand (Songmek) Lao-Vietnam - Phongsaly Province (Pang Hok) - Vietnam (Taichang Laichau) - Houaphanh Province (Nam Souy) - Vietnam (Namkanh) - Xeng Khouang (Nonghaet) - Vietnam (Namkanh) - Bolikhomxay Province (Nam Phao) - Vietnam Cha Lo (Cau Treo) - Khammouane Province (Na Phao) - Vietnam (Cha Lo) - Savannakhet Province (Daene Savanh) - Vietnam (Lao Bao) - Salavan Province (Lalai) - Vietnam (Lalai) - Attapeu Province (Phou Keua) - Vietnam (Bo-Y) Cambodia-Laos - Trapaing Kreal - Nong Nok Khian, Strung Treng to Champasak Province.

14 Festivals & Holidays 13 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 13 Laos celebrates many annual festivals called Boun, which are particularly enjoyable and beautiful, signifying traditional aspects of Lao lifestyle. Most festivals are connected with religion and the yearly rice farming cycle. The timing of the festivals is calculated according to the Buddhist lunar calendar. January Vat Phou Festival in Champasak Province This festival is held during the third full moon of the lunar calendar on the grounds of the enchanting pre-angkorian Vat Phou ruins in Champasak. Festivities include elephant races, buffalo fights, cock fighting, and traditional Lao music and dance performances. To coincide with the festival, a trade fair is held to showcase products originating from southern Laos, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. General Information Sikhottabong Festival in Khammouane Province This traditional religious festival is held at Sikhottabong Stupa, located about 8 kilometers to the South of Thakhek town. The stupa was built between the 9th and 10th Century by King Nanthasene and was restored to its original grandeur during the 1950 s. Boun Khao Chi (Makhaboucha) A ceremony is held at the Vat (temple) in the morning, when a special bread made of sticky rice is offered. This festival is held during the third full moon of the lunar calendar.

15 General Information TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 14 Boun Khoun Khao or Khoun Lan (Rice Ceremony) This is a harvest festival held at Songkhon District in Savannakhet Province, Phieng District in SayabouryProvince A Basi ceremony is performed in order to give thanks to the land. February Elephant Festival in Sayaboury Porvince As a living icon with important symbolic connotations and historical associations in Laos, the elephant is an animal dear to the hearts of the Lao people. March Boun Pha Vet An offering ceremony where a donation is made and one s future is read during the three day-three night festivals. April Boun Pi Mai Lao s New Year Lao New Year is celebrated at the same time each year (April 14-16). This year, the 16th is the first day of the New Year. On the 13th, Buddha images are taken out of the temples to be cleansed with scented water by devotees, and placed on special temporary altars within the compounds of the Vats (temple). Devotees gather the scented water falling off the images, to take home and use it to pour on friends and relatives, as an act of cleansing and purification before entering the New Year. On the evening of the 15th, the images are returned to their proper shrines within the temples. Boun Pi Mai is a time for much joyous celebration, with good deeds and prayers in anticipation the New Year.

16 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 15 May Boun Bang Fai (Rocket Festival) A ceremony praying for rain is performed at the temple in the morning. In the afternoon, people gather in fields on the outskirts of villages and towns to launch the rockets with much abandoned revelry. Villages, communities and departments compete for the best decorated and the highest traveling rocket. Beginning around the middle of May, the festivals are staggered from place to place enable more participation and attendance. This is the time when an offering to the spirits can be made in a corner of one s garden, early each morning. 15 General Information June Boun Visakhaboucha This festival is held during the sixth full moon of the lunar calendar for the Buddha. Candlelight processions are held in temples to mark the birth date of Buddha. July Boun Asalahaboucha Boun Khao Phansa (Buddhist Lent) This is the beginning of the Buddhist Lent. During the next three-month period, monks spend most of their times in prayer and meditation and are restricted from spending nights in other Vats. This festival is held during the eighth full moon of the lunar calendar. August Boun Khao Padabdin (Rice) and Boat Racing Festival in Luang Prabang At the Khao Padabdin ceremony day, people visit local temples to make offerings to dead ancestors as well as to share merit-making. This festival includes boat racing on the Nam Khan River and a trade fair in Luang Prabang, the World Heritage town.

17 General Information TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 16 September Boun Khao Salak (Rice) This is for offerings to be made for dead ancestors to obtain merit. Popular and exciting longboat-racing competitions are held to celebrate the River. This festival is held during the tenth full moon of the lunar calendar. October Boun Ok Phansa and Boat Racing Festival The festival held after the end of the monks three-month fast and retreat during the rainy season (Khao Phansa). At dawn on the first day, donations and offerings are made at temples around the city. In the evening, candlelight processions are held at temples and hundreds of colorful floats decorated with flowers, incense and candles are set adrift down the Mekong River to pay respect to the river spirit. The following day in Vientiane, Savannakhet, Sayaboury and Champasak Province, a popular and exciting boat racing competition is held to celebrate the Mekong River. Boat Racing Festival in Vientiane Capital This is held on the Mekong River. At the same occasion a trade fair of agricultural products, local handicrafts, Traditional Lao music and dance performance are organized. In this festival, citizens donate offerings to dead ancestors to gain merit. Boun Khathin This festival begins immediately after the last day of Lent, and lasts until the next full moon. During the one month period, devotees of the Buddhist faith help the monks to carry out their religious practice by making offerings of all their 9 requisites and other useful items.

18 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 17 November That Luang Festival and Trade Fair in Vientiane Capital This religious festival is held in and around That Luang Stupa, the National Symbol of Laos, where hundreds of monks gather to accept alms and floral votives from the people. The festival includes a grand fireworks display at night. During the day, an international trade fair, showcasing tourism in Laos and other countries from ASEAN and the Greater Mekong Sub-region is held. During the same period a similar festival is also celebrated at Chieng Teung Stupa in Luang Namtha Province. 17 General Information December National s Day, Anniversary Lao.P.D.R

19 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 18 General Information That Inhang Festival in Savannakhet Province This festival will be held on the grounds of the splendid That Inhang Stupa which is located just outside the city of Savannakhet. An international trade fair will include exhibitions of tourism products from Laos, Thailand and Vietnam. The fair will also include the performance of Traditional Lao music and dance, as well as a sports competition featuring football, boxing, tennis and local traditions, including a drumming competition. Hmong New Year The Hmong New Year is mainly celebrated in Oudomxay, Xiengkhouang, Luang Prabang and Vientiane Province. The Hmong New Year celebration features colorful displays of traditional costumes made from green, red and white silk and ornate silver jewelry. Music from traditional Hmong instruments such as the teun-flute, Hmong-style khene pipe and leave blowing is enjoyed. Other festivities include the Makkhon (cotton-ball) throwing ceremony, ox fighting, spinning-top races and crossbow demonstrations.

20 National Protected Areas 19 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 19 The Lao system of 20 National Protected Areas covers nearly 14% of the country and is recognized as one of the best designed protected areas systems in the world. With large tracts of tropical monsoon forest, diverse wildlife populations and bizarre karst limestone formations riddled with caves, Lao protected areas have an abundance of extraordinary things to see. Although most Lao protected areas are remote and difficult to reach, there are many existing opportunities for ecotourism activities such as trekking, rafting, bird watching and camping that allow you to experience first-hand the country s magnificent natural and cultural diversity. From Vientiane, the most accessible protected area offering a variety of ecotourism activities is Phou Khao Khouay, where you can trek, visit spectacular waterfalls and spend the night in an elephant observation tower on the edge of the park. In the provinces, visit Nam Ha in Luang Namtha for trekking, watch birds at the Pha Pho wetland in Champasak s Xe Pian NPA, trek Dong Phou Vieng in Savannakhet for a chance to see the beautiful Douc Langur. If you are interested in caves, don t miss the Phou Hin Poun NPA in central Khammouane Province. More activities are being developed in a number of other NPA s; be sure to check with the information staff for news on new ecotourism programs around the country. National Protected Areas

21 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 20 Wildlife National Protected Areas Laos is home to over one hundred species of large mammals. Many of these are familiar Asian species such as Tiger, Asian Elephant and Gaur (a species of wild cattle). Lao also holds an impressive diversity of primates including five species of gibbon, five species of macaque and four species of leaf monkey including the incredibly beautiful Douc Langur. In recent years Lao has received international attention after the discovery of an incredible variety of species new to science. These recent discoveries include the Saola, a strange and beautiful forest dwelling antelope like creature, many small deer species known as muntjacs, a small striped rabbit and a completely new family of rodent known locally as the Kha-nyou that is closely related to porcupines. In addition to mammals, Lao supports over 165 species of amphibians and reptiles including such impressive species as Rock and Burmese Pythons, King Cobras and the large and noisy Tokay Gecko (Gekko gecko) a formidable resident of many Lao houses. Opportunities to view this incredible diversity of wildlife are steadily growing. A long history of market and subsistence hunting has depressed many wildlife populations across the country. The increase in ecotourism and traveler s interest in viewing wildlife now provides positive financial reinforcement for residents to conserve many of these species. Let people in Laos know that you want to see wildlife in its natural habitat and visit natural areas.

22 Laos does have some of the best to offer in the entire world in terms of wildlife and biodiversity. However, many wildlife species are threatened by illegal hunting and the illegal trade in wildlife and wildlife products. The Lao government takes these offenses very seriously and asks that you refrain from purchasing wildlife and wildlife products. 21 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 21 If you see wildlife being traded, please report it. The Vientiane Capital Division of Forestry and the Wildlife Conservation Society are monitoring the illegal wildlife trade and conducting public awareness about the problem. We would appreciate photos of any wildlife you encounter while in Laos both captured and in the wild. Please send photos by to and be sure to include a short description on where and when the animal was encountered. National Protected Areas

23 National Protected Areas TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 22 Birds With over 700 species recorded to date and new species being added to the country list almost monthly, Laos is one of the most exciting and least known birding locations in the world. In recent years as the country has embraced ecotourism the opportunities are expanding rapidly for visitors to see a variety of beautiful and rare species. The Northern Highlands of the country hold numerous species associated with Northern Thailand and the North Eastern Himalayas. A huge diversity of babblers as well as Blyth s Kingfisher, Rufous-necked Hornbill, Beautiful Nuthatch, Shorttailed Parrotbill and Yellow-vented Warbler can be found in the forests of the north. The Mekong Plain supports areas of dry deciduous forest inhabited by Rufous-winged Buzzards, Black-headed Woodpeckers and Small Minivets. Ban Sivilai is a community owned and operated bird conservation zone in this area. The Mekong itself provides an important flyway for migratory shorebirds and waterfowl as well as localized sandbank species such as Small Pratincole, River Lapwing, Great Thick-knee and River Tern. The southern portion of the Mekong Plain along the Cambodian border is home to the incredibly rare White-shouldered and Giant ibis as well as small populations of White-rumped and Red-headed vultures, Lesser Adjutants, Sarus Cranes and White-winged Ducks. The most exciting discovery in the area in recent years has been the description of a new species to science, the Mekong Wagtail. This species was found, within the past decade, to live on sandbanks in the Mekong and a few of its tributaries in southern Lao and Cambodia.

24 23 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 23 Perhaps the most exciting area for birding in the country is along the Annamite Range that marks the border with Vietnam. In recent years many species once thought to be found only in Vietnam have been discovered in Lao. Species such as Short-tailed Scimitar Babbler, Yellow-billed Nuthatch and the recently described Black-crowned Barwing are all readily found. Slightly more widespread species include White-winged and Indochinese Green Magpies as well as the shy and difficult to see Crested Argus and Blue-naped Pitta. Another area worthy of mention is the impressive strip of karst limestone that divides the Mekong Plain from the Annamite Range in central Laos. This beautiful landscape is home to the enigmatic Sooty Babbler. Despite being locally common this species went unseen for decades until being rediscovered in the 1990 s. National Protected Areas

25 24 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 24 Cultural Heritage Cultural Heritage World Heritage Sites Luang Prabang The Ancient Town of Luang Prabang in the center of northern Laos has been described as one of the most charming and best preserved towns in Southeast Asia. There are 34 Buddhist temples among colonial and Chinese architecture, all set in a backdrop of lush green mountains. The mighty Mekong River frames the town s western border, and is still used as an important commercial and recreational transportation link. Vibrant cultural traditions, rituals and distinctive artwork that include temple murals, woodcarving and pottery make Luang Prabang an attractive destination for a wide range of interests. Due to its outstanding cultural and natural features, the town was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in The town is accessible by air directly from Bangkok, Vientiane and Chiang Mai. For more adventuresome travelers, overland travel is an option from all directions. There is also regular boat service on the Mekong (a two-day voyage) to and from Houeixay a Lao town bordering Chiang Kong in northern Thailand.

26 25 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 25 Vat Phou Temple The Vat Phou Temple Complex and surrounding Champasak Heritage Landscape is located 500 km south of Vientiane of the right bank of the Mekong River in Champasak Province. Vat Phou is an excellent example of early and classic Khmer Architecture, dating from the 7th to 12th centuries AD. At the foot of Vat Phou is the Ancient City of Shestupura first settled in the 5th century AD and believed to be the oldest urban settlement in Southeast Asia. Besides the main Vat Phou Temple Complex, there are many lesser known ancient archeological sites and natural areas nearby that can take some time to adequately explore. The quiet town of Champasak, gateway to Vat Phou, is accessible via a short car or bus ride from Pakse. From Pakse there is also regular boat service on the Mekong to Champasak the trip takes about 2-3 hours. The Plain of Jars The Plain of Jars is situated on the Xieng Khouang Plateau in northern Laos. The site is comprised of thousands of stone jars, varying in height from one to over three meters, in clusters of up to 300 jars. One local legend states that the jars were originally constructed to distill an alcoholic brew to celebrate the victorious military campaign of an ancient king; however archaeological evidence suggests that the jars are funerary urns, carved by a Bronze Age people around 2,000 years ago. More recently, due to its strategic location, the Plain of Jars played a pivotal role in the Second Indochina War and was the site of many ground battles and intense aerial bombardment. Xieng Khouang is now a peaceful place with wonderful cool weather, vast grasslands, many ethnic minorities, hot springs and caves. The Plain of Jars is accessible by air from Vientiane and Luang Prabang. Overland travel from northern and central Laos and central Vietnam is also a popular way to reach Xieng Khouang. Cultural Heritage

27 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 26 Ethnic Diversity There are 49 officially recognized ethnic groups in Laos representing four ethno-linguistic families: Tai-Kadai, Mon- Khmer, Hmong-Mien and Tibeto-Burmese. These in turn all have branches and sub-groups that anthropologists further classify into 230 distinctive entities. The vibrant traditional culture and indigenous knowledge of this diverse population permeates into all aspects of Lao life. The north has the highest concentration of ethnic groups, followed by the eastern and central regions extending to the border with Vietnam. Cultural Heritage Known for traditional hospitality, it is possible to visit many ethnic groups villages we suggest employing a local guide to assist you with cultural interpretation and the language barrier. Try some local food and enjoy a drink with your hosts. Ask about the production of handicrafts and indigenous products such as textiles and basketry, or about the many uses of bamboo. Note the different agricultural practices and belief systems practiced by the different ethnic groups. Their ingenuity and lifestyles of will leave a lasting impression and represent an irreplaceable part of the national heritage.

28 Handicrafts Handicrafts 27 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 27 Textiles, basketry, silver, woodcarvings and hand-made paper are some of the most popular handicrafts in Laos. Lao weavers are known for producing intricate fabrics in home-spun silk and cotton, most notably, complex mut mee (ikot) patterns based on folklore and natural themes. Some of the best weavers come from the Tai ethnic groups in Houaphan Province. If you are planning a visit to Luang Prabang and are interested in weaving, don t miss Ban Phanom or the night market in the center of town. When visiting one of the country s charming villages, be sure to ask to see local crafts being produced using traditional technologies. Purchasing a handicraft directly from artisans that use natural, traditional production methods supports both local economies and the survival of indigenous knowledge. If you are unable to make it out to the villages, there are handicraft shops in almost every provincial capital selling distinct local products.

29 Shopping TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 28 Shopping Not many associate Laos with shopping, but both Luang Prabang and Vientiane are teeming with gorgeous boutiques showcasing high quality hand-woven textiles. Choose from silk or cotton and the beautiful patterns have unique meanings and histories. Markets are also an important part of Laos landscape and must-see itinerary for any traveler. Walking around them and browsing the colourful wares is a great way to understand a slice of the local life. From woodcarving, pottery and lamps and books made of mulberry papers to gold and silver jewellery, ethnic handicrafts and local herbs, spices and delicacies, Laos has a multitude of products to offer.

30 Lao Food Lao cuisine may be little known outside the country, but it is considered one of the healthiest cuisines. 29 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 29 This is due to its affection for fresh vegetables and herbs, which appear in almost every Lao meal. Both meat and fish are usually grilled or steamed and as a result, the flavours are fresh and the dishes are low in fat. Walk around the numerous food markets and stalls that dot Luang Prabang and Vientiane and you ll be confronted by the fragrances of galangal, lime, lemongrass, basil, coriander, garlic, ginger, mint and dill. Lao cuisine has many regional variations, due in part to the fresh foods local to each region. You can either enjoy an authentic Lao meal (khao niew or sticky rice is a staple) in many of the restaurants or spend a morning learning to cook delicious Lao dishes for your lunch. An essential part of enjoying Lao food is Beer Lao. Described as the Dom Perignon of Asian beers, it can be found anywhere throughout the country, from the corner shops to the five-star hotels. Lao Coffee, strong, sweet and delicious, is another must-try. Laos produces some of the finest Arabica in the world, and whether you like hot or cold, black or milky, a cup of this fine stuff will set you up for the rest of the day. Laap, a traditional Lao food is made from chopped meat, chicken or duck is a favourite. The finely chopped meat, spices and broth is mixed with uncooked rice grains that have been dry fried, and crushed. Laap is eaten with a plate of raw vegetables and sticky rice. Lao Food

31 Northern Mountains TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 30 Northern Mountains N W E S Driving Distance Chart (Km) Vientiane Capital Phonsaly Louangnamtha Oudomxay Bokeo Louangprabang Houaphanh Sayabouly Xiengkhouang Vientaine Province Bolikhamxay Khammouane Savannakhet Salavan Sekong Champasak Attapeu Xaysomboun Chinese Border (Lantui) Vietnam Border (Nam Souy) Vientam Border (Namkan) Cambodia Border (Nong Nok Khian)

32 Northern Mountains 31 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 31 Travel Through a Sea of Clouds and Ethnic Diversity in the Mountains of Northern Laos Provinces Bokeo, Luang Namtha, Oudomxay, Phongsaly People & Places Laos upper northern region is known for its rugged mountains and diverse ethnic cultures. The region is home to more than thirty distinct ethnic groups, representing a colorful mix of Tibeto-Burman, Mon-Khmer, Yao-Mien and Tai-Lao origins. Handmade products made by ethnic minorities include mulberry bark and bamboo paper, Khmu basketry, and Hmong embroidery. The region s colorful festivals include the Hmong New Year festival held in December/January. Geography & Nature Northern Laos is situated in the heart of Southeast Asia and makes up part of the famous Golden Triangle, surrounded by China, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. Dominated by mountains that rise to over 2000 m, the north is the country s most popular trekking area and offers a range of trails through green jungle to remote ethnic minority villages. The region s broad expanse of forest habitats supports a range of globally and regionally endangered wildlife species, including gibbons in the Nam Ha National Protected Area (NPA) and Bokeo Nature Reserve and tigers in Phou Den Din NPA. The north s river network offers scenic journeys to secluded locations by longboat and challenging rapids for rafting and kayaking enthusiasts. Major rivers include the Mekong, Nam Ou, Nam Seuang, Nam Tha and Nam Fa.

33 Northern Mountains TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 32 International Border Crossings Luang Namtha Province (Boten) - China (Mohan) Bokeo Province (Houeyxay) - Thailand (Chiang Khong) Xiengkou Riverport on Mekong River in Luang Namtha Province (No Visa on arrival) Phongsaly Province (Pang Hok) - Vietnam (Taichang Laichau) (No Visa on arrival) Suggested Routes Typical (1-2 Weeks): Houay Xay Luang Namtha Oudomxay Luang Prabang Vientiane Off-The-Beaten Track (2-3 Weeks): Houay Xay Luang Namtha Oudomxay Phongsaly- Luang Prabang Huaphanh Xieng Khouang Vientiane or Vietnam North to South (4 weeks) Houay Xay Luang Namtha Oudomxay Luang Prabang Huaphanh Xieng Khouang Vientiane Khammouane - Champasak

34 Bokeo 33 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 33 Capital: Houay Xay Total area: 6,196 km2 Population: 165,661 Bokeo, meaning gem mine is the smallest province in Laos, but one of the most ethnically diverse with over 30 recognized ethnic groups. The Lahu, a Tibeto- Burman speaking people common in northern Myanmar and Thailand are present in Bokeo in significant proportions. The province is located in the heart of the infamous Golden Triangle sharing borders with Luang Namtha as well as Myanmar and Thailand. Houay Xay, just across the border from the Thai town of Chiang Kong is a popular starting point for boat trips down the Mekong to Luang Prabang, a two-day journey south. Since ancient times Huay Xay, the provincial capital, has been the disembarkation point for travellers and traders from Yunnan province in southern China on their way to Thailand. It is still a popular town for trading in Chinese goods. Wat Jom Kao Manilat, a teak Shan-style pagoda built in 1880 houses a stele that dates back to Fort Carnot, a remnant of the French colonial period is still standing but off limits to visitors, as today the fort is occupied by the Lao army. Just south of the main town it is possible to visit one of the main sapphire-mining areas in Indochina. Northern Mountains

35 Northern Mountains TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 34 For the energetic visitor or for those heading up to Luang Namtha, stop in Vieng Phukha to organize a one, two or three day guided trek to local Khamu, Lahu and Tai Lu villages. In the Nam Kan provincial protected area one of the few remaining populations of Black-cheeked Crested Gibbons can be found, singing their eerie and beautiful early morning songs during the cold season from November February. If you are interested in archaeology visit the ancient city of Souvannakhomkham near Ton Peung just north of Huay Xay. River trips to the far north can be arranged from Huay Xay, either on the Mekong or the smaller Namtha. River travel north on the Mekong terminates at Xieng Kok in Luang Namtha, where you can then easily proceed overland to the historic town of Muang Sing. The two-day journey up the Namtha requires an overnight stay in your boatman s village, a memorable experience for those seeking an off-thebeaten path adventure. Swimming in the Mekong near Huay Xay is the largest freshwater fish in the world, the famous Mekong catfish known locally as paa beuk. This giant grows up to 3m in length and can weigh up to 300 kg. The meat of this enormous but endangered fish is considered a delicacy and brings a high price in markets as far away as Bangkok.

36 Luang Namtha 35 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 35 Capital : Namtha Total area: 9,235 km2 Population: 164,310 Famous for trekking and ecotourism opportunities in the Nam Ha National Protected Area and home to over 30 distinct ethnic groups, Luang Namtha is perhaps the most diverse province in the entire country. Akha villages are located in the hills and some are easily accessible. If you are interested in kayaking and rafting, 1-3 day trips can be arranged when you get there or by advance booking through a travel agent. Motorized boat trips on the Namtha River are a popular activity, as is simply renting a bicycle to explore the lush countryside and rice fields surrounding the town. At Nam Ngaen Village, climb the hill to Phoum Phouk stupa for an amazing view of the Namtha valley. In Vieng Phoukha, halfway between Luang Namtha and Chiang Rai in northern Thailand you can visit the abandoned 16 th century settlement known as the Khou Vieng Ruins. For cave exploration, don t miss the Phou Prasat and Nam Eng caves in Vieng Phoukha. In Namtha District, visit Tai Dam villages to see sericulture and purchase handmade silk textiles. If you are interested in watching paper made by hand, stop at one of the Lantaen villages outside of the main town. Because of its concentration of Khamu villages Namtha is a great place to purchase bamboo and rattan basketry the Khamu are legendary basket-weavers. Here the bamboo and rattan are used for both handicrafts and food. Bitter bamboo-shoot soup and rattan-heart Northern Mountains

37 Northern Mountains TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 36 salad are two delicious local dishes. If you like rice noodles, the khao soi in Muang Sing is a must. The historic Tai Lue communities in Muang Sing were formerly part of the Sipsongpanna Kingdom centered in Yunnan, China. Today you can see evidence of Muang Sing s golden era by visiting the town s ancient temples and archaeological sites. The Muang Sing market is one of the most colorful in northern Laos, with Akha, Khamu, Tai Dam and Hmong traders selling a variety of forest products and handicrafts every day. Just outside Muang Sing are the Xieng Teung and Jorm Sing stupas, highly revered by Buddhists in Laos, China, Thailand and Myanmar. From Muang Sing you can travel overland to Xieng Kok and then take a boat down the Mekong to Huay Xay on this remote and beautiful section of the river. Special festivals in Luang Namtha are the boat races Boun Souang Heua, in October and the That Xieng Teung festival held during the 12 th lunar month (usually November) each year. The Xieng Teung festival draws many faithful Tai Lue Buddhists from Laos, China, Thailand and Myanmar. Boun Souang Heua is a fun-filled celebration with colorful traditional boat racing and revelry. More information: Mail: luangnamtha@hotmail.com

38 Oudomxay Capital: Muang Xay Total area: 15,370 km2 Population: 299,935 Tranquil, beautiful and sometimes hidden in the clouds, Oudomxay is located in the heart of northern Laos and is one of the most accessible of the far northern provinces. The rugged mountainous landscape has peaks up to 1,850 m covered in varying forest types and swidden fields. The province s three main rivers are Nam Ou, Nam Beng and Nam Tha. Oudomxay is mainly populated by the Khamu, Hmong and lowland Lao, with a total of 23 ethnic minorities, each with their own languages, cultural heritage and lifestyles. 37 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 37 In Muang Xay, the provincial capital, visit the Chinese market next to the Kaysone monument to see a variety of local products from Oudomxay as well as imported Chinese goods. Take a walk outside of town to see That Phouxaya atop the mountain overlooking Xay for a birds-eye view of the surrounding valley. The countryside around Xay has several beautiful natural features to visit, including Tad Lak Sip-et (kilometre 11 waterfall) set in a stunning limestone environment, and the peaceful Houay Nam Kat waterfall. Chom Ong Cave is situated 45km from Oudomxay near the Khamu village of Chom Ongthai. Entering the cave you can follow the spring of the Nam Kaeng River for 1,600m passing through large halls with heights of up to 35m and widths of 20m. Visit the therapeutic baw nam hawn (hot springs) on the road to Pongsali in Muang La to soothe aching muscles, or the Singkham Buddha Cave that was used to safeguard historical artefacts during Northern Mountains

39 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 38 the war. Ban Na Xieng Di has some interesting archaeological sites believed to date back about 500 years. Also unique is the Buddha footprint or phabath found in Ban Nong Nha. Pak Beng, located at the confluence of the Beng and Mekong Rivers is set on a scenic curve of the Mekong shrouded in green mountains. Explore Pha Ho-Pha Hong Cave in Beng district, or experience the shared Lao and Chinese heritage at Ban Theio or Ban Nam Xeng. Visitors can spend time in La district trekking to minority villages in remote and picturesque locations. If you are in Oudomxay during December inquire about the dates of the annual Hmong and Khamu new years celebrations, colourful festivals that include music, trade fairs and lots of local food and drink. Most restaurants in Oudomxay serve a variety of traditional Lao and Chinese food, with one of the local Lao specialties being gang nor kom or bitter bambooshoot soup. Oudomxay province is famous as one of the places where ancient bronze drums were cast, which have been a symbol of status and wealth for centuries. Master drum makers continue to make these beautiful drums and purchasing a new drum supports this disappearing cultural industry. Please refrain from purchasing antique drums it illegal and contributes to the loss of Laos precious cultural heritage. Ban Bo village is well known for skilled handicraft production, especially rattan and bamboo basket weaving. Other quality local handicrafts include cotton weavings and shoulder-bag production, salt making, mulberry paper and silk products. Northern Mountains More information: Mail: ptd@oudomxay.info

40 Phongsaly Capital: Phongsaly Total area: 16,270 km2 Population: 176, TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 39 Farthest north in Laos is Phongsaly, which shares borders with Yunnan (China) and Dien Bien (Vietnam). Most of Phongsaly province lies at a high altitude. Its capital, Phongsali town, is the highest city in Lao P.D.R. at 1400 m above sea level. Up there the climate is pleasant and refreshing - a perfect trekking destination! The forests of Phongsali are the most remote in northern Laos covering the endless mountains down to the canyon of the Nam Ou River, biggest tributary of the Mekong. The population is made up of officially 28 different ethnic groups, of which the majority being Khmu, Phounoy, different Akha, Tai Lue and Hor. Several trekking tours have been established by the Provincial Tourism Office Phongsali. Most visitors of Phongsaly province get a feeling of no longer being in Laos, not yet having reached China. History tells fascinating stories, though much of it still lies in darkness. Between China and Laos the territory of north-western Phongsaly and southern Yunnan once was the independent Tai Lue kingdom of Sipsongpanna. In 1895 the French colonialists drew new boundaries along the watersheds of the Nam Ou River, claiming Sipsongpanna s eastern part to Phongsaly incorporating it into French Indochina. Its bigger part went into Yunnan province, China. Unless many other cities in Laos, Phongsaly town has not been destroyed in the American war. It features a remaining old quarter with Yunnanese wooden architecture now rare to find in Yunnan itself. Most of the people living here belong to the Hor ethnic group, speaking Chinese. Until the 1970s there has been a Chinese consulate in Phongsaly town, now the Phou Fa Hotel. In the Museum Northern Mountains

41 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 40 of Ethnic Groups in Phongsaly Province you can admire the various local cloths, artifacts and handicrafts. The town itself is surrounded by rolling hills and is built into the side of Phou Fa Mountain (1625 m). The 45 min hike up to its stupa on top offers spectacular views of the town from above and the mountains in the far distance. Although a bit off the main tourist circuit, visitors can spend plenty of time in Phongsaly province trekking to remote villages around the provincial capital, Boun Neua, Muang Khoua at the Nam Ou River and in Boun Tai district s Nam Lan Conservation Area. In the northernmost district of the country, Gnot Ou, visit Vat Luang, a magnificent Tai Lue style Buddhist monastery dating back to 1445 AD. In the future Phou Den Din National Protected Area along the border with Vietnam will be opened for boat trips. Wild animals like monkeys, elephants and tigers still claim it their territory! The province offers a delicious variety of Lao and Yunnanese cuisine that consists of wild forest ingredients such as fragrant herbs, bamboo and rattan shoots. After dinner try a shot of the local Lao Khiew, smooth, strong and tinted green! During the final stage of the distillation process this rice-whisky is running over fresh picked raspberry leaves absorbing the green color. Northern Mountains Chinese-style green tea of Phongsaly receives worldwide recognition for its highest quality and superb taste. Tea leaves are picked by Phounoy ethnic group women from up to 400 year old tea trees, standing 6 m high with a stem up to 30 cm in diameter. These precious tea leaves are compressed in bamboo cylinders and sold in cigar-shaped tubes. In this wild tea grove fertilizers and chemicals have never been used. Drinking a daily cup keeps the body in good health, reduces fat and preserves a clear mind. More information: Mail: info@phongsali.net

42 41 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 41 PAGE 40, 41 Insert map of the Northern Provinces: Lower Part Northern Mountains

43 Northern Heritage TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 42 N Northern Heritage W E S Driving Distance Chart (Km) Vientiane Capital Phonsaly Mork Louangnamtha Oudomxay Bokeo Louangprabang Houaphanh Sayabouly Xiengkhouang Vientaine Province Bolikhamxay Khammouane Savannakhet Salavan Sekong Champasak Attapeu Xaysomboun Chinese Border (Lantui) Vietnam Border (Nam Souy) Vientam Border (Namkan) Cambodia Border (Nong Nok Khian)

44 The Northern Heritage Route Provinces Houaphanh, Luang Prabang, Sayaboury, Xieng Khouang 43 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 43 Northern Heritage People & Places Laos lower northern part is famous for its historical town centers and important historical sites. Luang Prabang Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a center of Lao traditional arts and national history, with its exquisite Buddhist pagodas, grand colonial architecture, and royal palaces of the Lane Xang Kingdom. Other important historical sites are the Viengxay Caves in Houaphan (the first political administrative center of the Neo Lao Hakasd). In Xieng Khouang Province is the Plain of Jars, with mysterious 2000-year-old giant stone jars and the historic town of Muang Khoun. This area is also well-known as having been an important strategic military location during the second Indochina War. The north is also famous for its silk weaving most notable are the intricate designs produced in Houaphan Province. The region s colorful festivals include the Hmong New Year festival held in December/January and the Buddhist lent opening (June/July) and closing ceremonies (October) in Luang Prabang. Geography & Nature The lower part of northern Laos shares borders with Thailand in the west and Vietnam in the east. It is a mountainous region shaped by karst mountains, plateaus, meandering rivers and biologically rich forests. The Xieng Khouang Plateau is known for its mountains, peaks and pine tree forests. Huaphan has beautiful karst mountains with an extended network of caves. And in Sayaboury are expansive teak tree forests, which can be explored by riding elephants or walking.

45 Northern Heritage TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 44 International Border Crossings Luang Prabang International Airport Houaphanh Province (Nam Soy) - Vietnam (Na Meo) Xieng Khouang (Nong Haet) - Vietnam (Nam Kanh) Sayabouly Province (Kaenthao) - Thailand (Nakaxeng - Loei) Sayabouly Province (Nam Ngeun)- Thailand (Houy Konl, Nam) Suggested Routes Typical (1-2 Weeks): Sayabouly - Luang Prabang Xieng Khoung Houaphan Vientiane or Vietnam Off-The-Beaten Track (2-3 Weeks): Sayaboury Oudomxay - Luang Prabang Xiengkhouang Houaphan Vietnam or Vientiane North to South (4 weeks) Huay Xai Luang Namtha Oudomxay Sayabouly - Luang Prabang Xieng Khouang Vientiane Khammouane - Champasak

46 Houaphanh Capital: Xam Neua Total area: 16,500 km2 Population: 317, TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 45 Northern Heritage Located in the north east of Laos, the beautiful and natural Houaphanh shares its eastern boundary with Vietnam, and borders Luang Prabang and Xieng Khouang to the north-west and west. High above sea level, the mountainous topography of the province is broken by long narrow valleys and three main rivers Nam Mar, Nam Xam and Nam Neun. During the Indochina War the network of caves in the province served as a base for the Neo Lao Hak Sad revolutionaries that went on to liberate the country and establish the Lao People s Democratic Republic in Thus Houa Phanh is often referred to as the Birthplace of the Lao PDR. Houaphanh has many unique and beautiful natural attractions. The provincial capital, Xam Neua, is a quiet and rustic city on the Xam River. Here you will enjoy markets trading produce from China and Vietnam and a variety of handicrafts produced by the Hmong, Tai Dam, Tai Daeng and Tai Lu ethnic groups. Also of interest in Xam Neua is Wat Phoxainaram, home to an impressive bronze Buddha possibly dating back to 1565 and an interesting series of murals depicting the life of Buddha and scenes from Lao history. Viengxay, located northeast of the capital, boasts over 100 limestone caves, 10 of which have immense national and historical significance as the hidden

47 Northern Heritage TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 46 headquarters of the Neo Lao Hak Sad from In the southeast of Houaphanh is the Nam Xam National Protected Area (NPA), which is thought to provide habitat for wild elephant, various gibbons, gaur, banteng, tiger, clouded leopard, Asiatic black bear and Malayan sun bear. South of Xam Neua located Tat Saloei, a beautiful waterfall best viewed after the rainy season. Nam Et - Phou Loei is the largest NPA in Laos situated in the northwest of Huaphanh. It is best known for harboring one of the most important tiger populations remaining in Indochina. Its outstanding biodiversity includes over 30 species of large mammals and 300 species of birds. Not as well known, but equally as mysterious as the Plain of Jars are the ancient pillars known as Hin Tang, a collection of upright, rough stones about 2 m high, some of which have tunnel-like caverns beneath them. Archaeological investigations suggest that the site is associated with funerary practices however visitors to the ancient pillars are welcome to guess why this ancient site was built. Sao Hin Tang will be nominated as a World Heritage site. The best Tai Daeng woven textiles are produced in Houa Phanh. At local markets you will find an interesting variety of cutlery, jewellery and other items fashioned from Cluster Bomb Units and war scrap that remains scattered throughout the countryside. Houa Phanh province boasts the usual variety of Lao noodles, fragrant sticky rice and local dishes. The most notable are a vegetable salad flavored with sesame called soup phak and chili paste known as jaeow pa baum.

48 Luang Prabang Capital: Luang Prabang Total area: 16,875 km2 Population: 447, TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 47 Northern Heritage Situated in the centre of northern Laos, Luang Prabang is classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its outstanding cultural, historic and architectural values and its harmonious relationship between the natural and built environment. In the 14 th century Luang Prabang town was the site where King Fa Ngum founded the first Lao kingdom, Lane Xang. Luang Prabang remained the capital of Lane Xang until 1565 when the capital was moved to Vientiane, and afterward continued to serve as the country s spiritual and religious centre. Visitors to Luang Prabang are charmed by the small-town friendly atmosphere. The town itself offers several unique insights into the history of the region, through excellently preserved Buddhist temples, museums and a variety of Lao, Tai-Lue, Burmese, Chinese and Tai architecture. Markets in Luang Prabang sell a large variety of traditional goods. The town is famous for its unique textiles and beautiful mulberry paper. Famous foods in Luang Prabang are aur lam (a thick stew made with the forest herb sakhan, meat and eggplants), jaew bong, a sauce made with hot chillies and buffalo skin and khai pan dried river weed lightly fried with sesame seeds and garlic. Some of the most visited sites in Luang Prabang Town are Vat Xieng Thong, Mount Phou Si, Vat Visounnarath, the former Royal Palace and Vat Manolom. Equally beautiful are the lesser known temples across the Mekong River in Chomphet

49 Northern Heritage TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 48 district. You can take a 1.5 hour walk through the hills and forest opposite the main town to explore the old temple sites and peaceful environment. Just outside of the main town are the beautiful Tad Kuang Si Waterfall, Tham Ting Caves, Ban Xang Hai Village and the tiered waterfall Tad Sae. Further out is Muang Ngoi Kao, a quiet village located on the banks of the Nam Ou River surrounded by high karst mountains and sheer limestone cliffs. You can visit these sites on your own or use the services of one of the many tour operators based in town. Luang Prabang celebrates all of the major Lao festivals in style. The largest, Pi Mai or Lao New Year takes place officially from April, but in Luang Prabang the festival often lasts a full week with a trade fair, Miss Lao New Year contest, parades and religious ceremonies. In late December is Hmong New Year. This is a time where the Hmong show off their finest traditional clothing, hold musical performances and other cultural ceremonies. In Luang Prabang, the annual boat races are held in late September, one month earlier than Vientiane and most other places in the country. While in Luang Prabang, you may observe the morning alms giving ceremony where monks walk through town in single file carrying their alms bowls to give laypeople the opportunity to offer alms and gain merit. Offerings by the people are usually comprised of sticky rice, fruit or simple traditional snacks. Know as binthabat in Lao, this is a sacred religious ceremony. Tourists may participate in and photograph the ceremony, however, the people of Luang Prabang, especially the monks, ask that this is done is a respectful way and visitors do everything they can not to disrupt this ancient tradition.

50 Sayabouly Capital: Sayaboury Total area: 16,389km2 Population: 374, TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 49 Northern Heritage Sayabouly Province, located in northwestern Laos sharing a border with Thailand, is known for its rugged landscape and large tracts of teak forests. The province is also an important agricultural producer of rice, cotton, peanuts, sesame, maize and oranges. The Malabri, one of the last remaining hunter-gatherer groups in Southeast Asia inhabit the forests in the province s western region. Other ethnic groups located in the province include the Khmu, Tai Dam, Tai Lue, Htin, Phai, Kri, and Akha. In Muang Ngeun District are ethnic Tai Lue villages, which still build traditional houses constructed with characteristic high-sloping roofs. Muang Ngeun s old Tai Lue style temples include Vat Ban Khon with its unique natural fiber murals and decorations, and Vat Salibun Nyeun with its charming view of the town. Sayabouly has the largest number of elephants in Laos, which are commonly used to carry heavy items to and from fields and forest. In Hongsa district, elephant riding tours can be arranged and a visit to the Lao Elephant Conservation Center is a nice half-day trip. Also of interest in Hongsa is Vat Simungkhoun with its astonishing collection of Buddha images and the old city walls of an ancient settlement whose history is shrouded in mystery. In Sayaboury town, located on the banks of the Nam Houng River, and a beautiful backdrop of green fields and the Pha Xang

51 Northern Heritage TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 50 Mountain range. are Vat Si Boun Heuang with its ancient foundations dating back to the 16 th century or perhaps earlier; Vat Si Phan Don with its unique diamondshaped stupa and Vat Sisavang Vong. Between Vientiane and Sayaboury town is Pak Lay, a small town located on the Mekong River banks with French colonial buildings, traditional Lao-style wooden houses. The 1,912 km 2 Nam Poui National Protected Area has steep and rugged ridges composed mostly of Mesozoic sandstones and shales with summits along the Thai border that reach 1790 m. The NPA has a substantial wild elephant population, with an estimated 350 animals. Gibbon, gaur, tiger, dhole, serow, silvered langur, Asiatic black bear, and possibly even Sumatran rhinos are some of the other large animals found in the area. Don t miss the scenic waterfalls Nam Tok Na Kha, Nam Tok Ban Kum, and Tad Ham found in the southern part of the province The art of Tai Lue weaving is still practiced in many Tai Lue villages throughout the province. Villages can be visited to learn about the production process and to purchase textiles. Many villages also work in cotton, organically grown in the province.

52 Xieng Khouang Capital: Phonsavan Total area: 15,880 km2 Population: 269, TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 51 Northern Heritage Xieng Khouang is best known for the enigmatic Plain of Jars comprised of thousands of stone jars varying in height from one to over three meters, in clusters of up to 300 jars. One local legend states that the jars were originally constructed to distill an alcoholic brew to celebrate the victorious military campaign of an ancient king however archaeological evidence suggests that the jars are funerary urns, carved by a bronze-age people around 2,500 years ago. The Plain of Jars was of strategic military importance in the Indochina conflicts of the 1960 s and 70 s, suffering very heavy aerial bombardment and intense ground battles, during which 85% of the villages in the province were bombed. Though best known for the mysterious stone jars scattered throughout the province, Xieng Khouang has a number of other attractions. Old Xieng Khouang Town, now known as Muong Khoun was the center of a former Tai Phuan Kingdom and boasts many centuries old pagodas and Buddhist temples. Unfortunately, many were either destroyed or severely damaged from heavy bombing during the war. Because of its elevation, cool climate and acidic soils Xieng Khouang has vast pine forests. For nature enthusiasts there are 14 provincial protected areas covering 70,120 hectares. In Soui District s Tham Pha there is an interesting collection of Buddha images along with an old war-hospital hidden in the cave, complete with surgical equipment. On the way to Tham Pha, stop for lunch at the peaceful

53 Northern Heritage TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 52 natural reservoir at Nong Tang right beside the main road. If you are interested in weaving, a trip to Ban Xang can be arranged to see Tai Dam weavers at work. Wonderful mineral-rich natural hot springs and Tham Piew historic cave are in Muang Kham about one hour east of Phonsavanh, the provincial capital. A visit to the Hmong Village of Ban Thachok presents the opportunity to learn first-hand about Hmong culture, and see the ingenious ways local people have found uses for war-scrap such as cluster bomb casings. In Xieng Khouang, the Tai Phuan people produce a special type of natural paper know as jia porsalae. This sturdy paper is coated with natural resins and made into traditional bamboo-framed umbrellas that are excellent for keeping both the rain and sun off your head. The Hmong embroidery, Phuan, Tai Dam and Tai Deng textiles are extraordinary. The majority of Xieng Khouang s population is Tai Phuan who practice Theravada Buddhism therefore all the major Buddhist festivals are celebrated here. With a substantial population of Hmong, the Hmong New Year is also a festive occasion every year in December. For trekkers and mountain enthusiasts the landscape of Xieng Khouang Province is simply heaven with its dramatic mountains, peaks and plateaus.

54 53 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 53 Northern Heritage PAGE 52, 53 Insert map of the Central Provinces

55 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 54 Central Provinces N Central Provinces W S E Driving Distance Chart (Km) Vientiane Capital Phonsaly Louangnamtha Oudomxay Bokeo Lao-Thai Friendship Bridge I Louangprabang Houaphanh Sayabouly Xiengkhouang Vientaine Province Lao-Thai Friendship Bridge III Bolikhamxay Khammouane Savannakhet Salavan Sekong Champasak Attapeu Xaysomboun Chinese Border (Lantui) Vietnam Border (Nam Souy) Vientam Border (Namkan) Cambodia Border (Nong Nok Khain) Lao-Thai Friendship Bridge II

56 55 The Wonders of the Central Provinces TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Provinces Bolikhamxay, Khammouane, Savannakhet, Vientiane Province, Vientiane Capital People & Places The central region s historic Vientiane Capital is home to the country s most important religious monument and national symbol, That Luang (The Great Sacred Stupa), which was built in 1566 by King Sayasetthathirath and believed to contain relics of the Lord Buddha. Other important national monuments in Vientiane include Pato Xay (Victory Gate), Vat Sisaket, Hor Phakeo, and Vat Si Meuang. The ethnic makeup of the central region consists mostly of lowland Lao groups, such as the Lao and the Tai Phuan and some ethnic minorities including the Hmong and Khamu. Handicrafts and traditional weaving is produced in many villages throughout the region and is available in markets, such as the Talat Sao (Morning Market) in Vientiane. Some of the most colorful festivals in the country can be seen here as well, such as the Boat Racing and That Luang festivals in Vientiane and the Bang Fai Phayanak (Naga Rocket Festival) in Bolikhamxay. Central Provinces Geography & Nature The central region is a land of karst mountains, plateaus, meandering rivers and biologically rich forests. The stretch of the Mekong River between Vientiane and Bolikhamxay offers excellent sunset views and relaxing locations for picnicking and dining. Also are the Nam Lik and the Nam Ngum rivers, most frequented by rafting and kayaking enthusiasts. The karst mountains found in Vang Vieng, on Road 8 in Bolikhamxay and in Khammouane Province are stunning. Inside Phou Khao Khouay National Protected Area (NPA) are a variety of ecotourism attractions including Tad Xay and Tad Leuk waterfalls, camping, trekking, and wild elephant viewing. The Nam Kading NPA in Bolikhamxay also has plentiful wildlife and great potential for nature tourism.

57 Central Provinces TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 56 International Border Crossings Wattay International Airport (Vientiane Capital) Vientiane Capital (Friendship Bridge I) - Thailand (Nong Khai) Khammouane Province (Friendship Bridge III) - Thailand (Nakhon Phanom) Savannakhet Province (Friendship Bridge II) - Thailand (Mukdahan) Savannakhet Province (Daene Savanh) - Vietnam (Lao Bao) Khammouane Province (Na Phao) - Vietnam (Cha Lo) Bolikhamxay Province (Nam Phao) - Vietnam Cha Lo (Cau Treo) Bolikhomxay Province ( Paksan, No Visa on arrival) - Thailand (Bungkon) Suggested Routes Typical (1-2 Weeks): Vientiane Capital Vientiane Province Bolikhamxay Khammouane Vientiane Capital - Vang Vieng - Xieng Khouang Off-The-Beaten Track (2-3 Weeks): Vientiane Capital Vientiane Province Bolikhamxay Khammouane Savannakhet - Champasak Vientiane Capital - Vang Vieng - Xieng Khouang - Xamneua - Viengxay From Vientiane North or South (3-4 weeks) Northbound: Vientiane Capital Vang Vieng Xieng Khouang Luang Prabang Oudomxay Luang Namtha Houayxay Southbound: Vientiane Capital Bolikhamxay Khammouane Savannakhet Salavanh Sekong Attapeu - Champasak

58 Bolikhamxay 57 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Capital: Pakxan Total area: 14,863 km2 Population: 264,513 Bolikhamxay Province, located just south of Vientiane in central Laos, is a center for ecotourism activities with its two national protected areas and extensive system of wetlands. The journey from Ban Khoun Kham to Lak Sao on Route 8 offers spectacular scenery of karst mountain landscapes and is considered to be one of the most impressive passages in the country. Vat Phabath, located on the road between Vientiane and Paksan is an important pilgrimage site and sacred temple that houses a shrine containing a giant footprint of the Lord Buddha (phabat). It is believed that all travelers passing by the temple should stop and pay their respects to the spirits for a safe journey and strong health. Central Provinces Phou Khao Khouay National Protected Area (NPA) covers an area of 2,000 km 2 in Bolikhamxay and Vientiane Province has excellent evergreen, mixed deciduous and coniferous forests in addition to extensive fire-climax grasslands which support key species that include wild elephants, white-cheeked gibbons and green peafowl. A community managed elephant watching tower in Ban Na provides one of the best opportunities to view large wildlife in Laos. One can take nature walks with village guides through the park s old growth forests and wellknown waterfalls Tad Leuk, Tad Xay and Tad Xang. Self-guided walks are also

59 Central Provinces TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 58 available from the visitor center at Tad Leuk which has camping facilities and tents for rent. Nam Kading NPA is abundant with wildlife due its low population density and biologically diverse forest ecology. Elephant, gaur, giant muntjac, gibbon, the sooty babbler, rufous-throated fulvetta, river lapwing, wreathed and great hornbills and large otters are just some of the many species that inhabit the area. One of the country s most extensive wetland systems is located southwest of Paksan town and is known to have a very unique and abundant population of migratory birds. The wetlands can be reached by motorbike or truck via a number of dirt trails leaving town. Also of interest is the natural cool springs along the Nam Mang River, a pleasant site for swimming and picnicking. The province s legendary festival, Bang Fai Phayanak (Naga Rockets) is held at the picturesque Phonsanh Temple overlooking the Mekong River on the 15 th day of the 11 th month of the Buddhist lunar calendar, coinciding with the last day of Buddhist lent, usually in mid-october. On this special night small multi-colored fire balls mysteriously shoot out of the Mekong River and disappear into the sky. The best place to view this mysterious natural light show is at Ban Hai near the mouth of the Nam Ngum River.

60 Khammouane Capital: Thakhek Total area: 16,135 km2 Population: 375,504 Khammouane, meaning happy gold, is believed to have been named after the gold deposits found in the area hundreds of years ago. The province s history dates back as early as the 6 th 8 th centuries when the region was part of the Sikhotabong Kingdom. Remnants of the ancient civilization include the Great Wall (Kampeng Nyak), Meuang Phone Stupa, and Sikhotabong Stupa one of the most sacred in Laos. The province has many remaining buildings that date to the colonial period, especially in the provincial capital of Thakhek. There is an abandoned railway track that was originally planned to connect Laos with Vietnam but never finished today the only evidence of this endeavor is an old railway bridge over the Nam Done River. 59 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Central Provinces Khammouane is a land of rugged karst mountains which were once the refuge of a succession of ethnic groups fleeing the Haw invasions in the north during the 19 th century. The famed Mu Gia pass at the end of route 12 was one of the main transit points of the legendary Ho Chi Minh Trail during the Indochina War. This dreamlike landscape has served as a sanctuary for a number of wild animals that were unknown to scientists until the 1990s. The kha nyou, a small rodent-like creature the size of a small squirrel was found in Khammouane in the early 21 st century and possibly will be the last remaining mammalian family to be described on earth.

61 Central Provinces TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 60 The Limestone Mountains are honeycombed with countless caves, some of which for ages concealed forgotten treasures. The Buddha Cave (Tam Pa Fa) was just discovered in 2004 and houses 229 priceless Buddha images. Kong Lo Cave is perhaps the most well-known in the province. It is 7.5 km long and as high and wide as m in some places. The province has three national protected areas (NPA) that cover an enormous area 6,295 km 2 in total. Phou Hin Poun NPA encompasses much of the Limestone Forest and has 43 recorded species of bats. The Hin Namno NPA is located in the area where the Central Indochina Limestone meets the Annamite Chain, and as a result, has prominent limestone escarpments and caves. The most important area in terms of biodiversity, however, is the Nakai- Nam Theun NPA with its complex range of habitats and newly discovered species of mammals such as the saola, giant muntjac, and Indochinese warty pig. Locally made products include handmade incense sticks, naturally dyed cotton and silk weavings produced in the Kong Lo area. The province s favorite snack, khaonom parn, is a soft sticky green and black colored sweet wrapped in banana leaves made with yellow soy beans and coconut in the middle. This treat was originally brought to Laos generations ago by Vietnamese settlers. Today, whenever Lao people visit Khammouane they are obliged to bring back a bag of khaonom parn to their friends and family. That Sikhottabong Festival is the most important festival in Khammouane Province and is celebrated at That Sikhottabong on the full moon in February (or the third lunar month of the Lao calendar) lasting for several days.

62 Savannakhet 61 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Capital: Savannakhet Total area: 21,774 km2 Population: 906,440 Savannakhet Province is located at the crossroads between the North, South, East and West of Laos and has long been a center of trade and power. The province is well noted as the birthplace of the Honorable Kaysone Phomvihane, first Secretary of the Lao People s Revolutionary Party and co-founder of the Lao PDR. His house and a museum documenting his life achievements can be visited in Savannakhet town. The province s history, however, goes back long before the time of man. The area was once inhabited by dinosaurs as evidenced by the bones found in Ban Tang Wai Village and the giant footprints found in Phalanxai, which are documented in the Savannakhet Dinosaur Museum. Remnants of an ancient civilization can be seen at the Stone Temple, Heuan Hin a pre-angkorian building located 40km down stream from town along the Mekong. That Ing Hang stupa, originally built more than 1,000 years ago and later rebuilt by King Saysethathirath in the 16 th century, is the province s most important religious site. Also of interest is the historic library, Ho Tai Pi Dok, which is believed to have been built in the 18 th century and was traditionally used to house old bai lan Buddhist scriptures. Of more recent history is the section of the Ho Chi Minh Trail which passes through Savannakhet. Old tanks, guns and other war equipment left behind on the trail can be seen near villages on Route 9 near the Vietnam border. Central Provinces The Phouthai ethnic group, known for its unique silk and cotton weaving, claims

63 Central Provinces TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 62 its origin in the province s Vilaboury District. The Katang ethnic group, which is loved for its famous folk song, Lam Dtang Wai, also has traditional lands in Savannakhet. For nature enthusiasts, trekking in Dong Phou Vieng National Protected Area (NPA) provides an opportunity to see rare Douc and Silvered Langurs. Phou Xang Hae NPA has a population of wild elephants as well as distinctive rocky outcrops and vistas. The Eld s deer, once considered to be extinct in Laos, were rediscovered in 2002 in Xonbouly District and are revered by local villagers. The province is a hot spot for crocodiles, which inhabit the confluence of the Champhone and Xe Bang Hieng rivers. Hundreds of stumptailed macaques, considered sacred by locals, are easily spotted in the 4-hectare Monkey Forest. Giant Asian soft shelled turtles, also considered sacred, can be easily seen in Ban Done Daeng. In Dong Natad Provincial Forest, snakes, monkeys and old-growth forest are well protected by the villagers for spiritual reasons. Locally guided tours to the area are available. Savannakhet is most noted for its weavings, especially Phouthai silk and cotton weaving in Vilaboury district, and ethnic Katang weaving in the Dong Phou Vieng area. The favorite national meat, sin savanh, a flat, sweet dried beef sprinkled with sesame seeds, originates from Savannakhet and can be purchased in local markets. The That Ing Hang festival is the largest festival of the year and is typically celebrated in December at the time of the full moon.

64 Vientiane Capital 63 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Capital: Vientiane Total area: 3,920 km2 Population: 768,743 Located on a curve of the Mekong River, Vientiane has a recorded history that stretches back to around 1,000 AD. The area was originally settled because of the fertility of the surrounding alluvial plains, and Vientiane became the capital city of Laos around the mid 16 th century. Central Provinces Vientiane is home to the most significant national monument in Laos- Pha That Luang (Great Stupa), which is the symbol of Lao sovereignty and an icon of Buddhism in Laos. Of the many beautiful vats in Vientiane, a visit to Vat Si Saket is a must; built in 1818, this is one of the oldest temples in Vientiane. Other Buddhist holy places worth visiting are Vat Ong Teu Mahavihan, known for its 16 th century bronze Buddha sheltered by a carved wooden masterpiece, and Vat Si Muang, site of the lak meuang or pillar-stone of Vientiane. Vat Si Muang is home to the guardian spirit of the city. Hor Pha Kaew, across the street from Vat Si Saket houses a beautiful collection of Buddha statues, including some in the Calling for Rain and Offering Protection poses that are outstanding examples of traditional Lao style and craftsmanship. Spend a morning in the Lao National Museum, which displays an interesting mixture of revolutionary and contemporary exhibitions. The main sights in Vientiane are only a short walk or bicycle ride from most hotels. Vat Xieng Khuan, better known as the Buddha Park should not be missed: take a tuk-tuk to this unique park that includes Buddhist and Hindu-

65 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 64 influenced sculptures. Central Provinces Shopping for handicrafts is easy in Vientiane; visit the talat sao (morning market) for a wide range of colourful textiles including silks, wall-hangings and other decorative pieces. For very fine handicrafts, try one of the many upscale galleries in town. Keep your eyes open for traditional wood carvings, mulberry paper and a variety of basketry made from bamboo and rattan. When you get hungry try the nation s signature dish, tam maak-hung (spicy green papaya salad), or laap (spicy minced meat salad) and ping kai (fried chicken). For its size, Vientiane is surprisingly multicultural and has excellent French, Indian, Thai, Chinese and Vietnamese restaurants that serve both Lao and specialty dishes. Quench your thirst with a refreshing Beer Lao or fresh fruit shake from one of the many small restaurants found along almost every street in town. At dusk, find a spot along the Mekong promenade to enjoy an amazing view of the sunset over the river. The largest fair, Boun Pha That Luang, is held in Vientiane around mid November each year. Celebrations begin at Vat Si Muang followed by a procession to That Luang. Festivities last a full week, ending in fireworks on the last night, which coincides with the full moon. In mid-october, the riverbank overflows with spectators watching the annual boat races. Van Ork Pansa or the last day of Buddhist lent precedes the boat races by one day. In the evening of Van Ork Pansa Lao people prepare small banana leaf boats called heua fai and set them afloat on the Mekong illuminated by candles and incense in a charming ceremony meant to bring gook luck and prosperity.

66 Vientiane Province 65 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Capital: Phonehong Total area: 15,927 km2 Population: 480,440 The landscape in Vientiane Province varies from the flat, fertile alluvial plains of the Mekong River Valley to rugged limestone mountains in the northern and western part of the province. Vientiane Province is well-known for having the highest mountain peak in Laos 2,819m Phou Bia Outside of the main provincial towns the countryside is a beautiful, lush green mosaic of rice paddies, tropical fruit trees, and jungle vegetation dotted with quaint villages where traditional architecture and lifestyles can be seen. Central Provinces Close to Vientiane Capital is the Ang Nam Ngum (Ngum Reservoir) a picturesque inland lake formed by one of the country s major hydropower schemes the Nam Ngum Dam. Boat trips on the reservoir are a popular day-trip from Vientiane Capital but for visitors with more time, an overnight stay at Ban Na Kheaun or Tha Heua is possible. On a southern corner of the reservoir is the large Dansavan Resort where you can gamble and play golf. Visit the Thoulakhom Zoo at Ban Keun to see a well-kept collection of local species. At Ban Bo in Thoulakhom District are large natural salt deposits that are processed and packaged into the common table condiment using traditional technologies. The small town of Vang Vieng 150 km north of the capital is set in a dreamlike landscape of bizarre limestone mountain peaks and sheer cliffs with the Nam Song River bisecting the town. At the base of the town s limestone mountains are a network of caves to explore. There are a variety of well-developed tourism

67 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 66 services in Vang Vieng and a wide range of accommodations. Water sports such as kayaking and tubing are popular and rock climbing is also a growing pastime. For those who prefer less exhausting travel, Vang Vieng s sights include several 16 th and 17 th century monasteries and the small Hmong villages of Nam Som and Nam Muang. Central Provinces Just off of route 13 north are two of Vientiane Province s better known attractions a small man-made reservoir known as Nong Nok near Ban Sivilay that has great bird watching and the ancient Vang Xang Buddha images and sculptures that are carved into the side of a sandstone escarpment. Because there are so many water bodies brimming with aquatic life various types of prepared and preserved fish have become legendary in Vientiane province. First is the heavily-salted, fermented fish known as pa daek that can be purchased along route 13 near Hin Heub. And then there is koy paa (sour and spicy minced fish salad), kaeng paa (fish soup) and neung paa (a delicious dish of steamed fish and fresh herbs) served at floating restaurants on the arteries of the Nam Ngum Reservoir near Thalad Village and Vang Vieng. At the organic farms in Vang Vieng you can also try mulberry shakes and purchase mulberry leaf tea, mulberry wine, jellies and jams. With so many water bodies and pleasant warm weather Vientiane Province is a great place to get soaked during the Lao New Year or Pi Mai Lao celebrations in mid-april. In every village, district capital and especially the main tourist center of Vang Vieng, Pi Mai Lao is not worth missing.

68 67 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK PAGE 66, 67 Central Provinces

69 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 68 Southern Green Paradise N W E S Southern Green Paradise Vientiane Capital Phonsaly Louangnamtha Oudomxay Bokeo Louangprabang Houaphanh Sayabouly Driving Distance Chart (Km) Xiengkhouang Vientaine Province Bolikhamxay Khammouane Savannakhet Salavan Sekong Champasak Attapeu Xaysomboun Chinese Border (Lantui) Vietnam Border (Nam Souy) Vientam Border (Namkan) Cambodia Border (Nong Nok Khian)

70 The Southern Green Paradise 69 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Provinces Attapeu, Champasak, Salavan, Sekong People & Places Historic temples and sacred stupas stand proudly in many of the region s town centers, laying testament to its former empires and economic affluence. The remains of possibly the first urban settlement in Southeast Asia dating back to the 7 th century can be found at the base of the Vat Phou Temple Complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Of interest to war historians is the Ho Chi Minh Trail, which spans the country s eastern border with Vietnam from Khammouane down to Attapeu. Along the Mekong River are fishing communities known for their relaxed pace of life and distinct cuisine, such as fermented fish (paa dek) and fish salad (laab paa). In the eastern plateaus are mountain communities of Mon- Khmer origins, best known for their intricate cotton textiles and communal long houses. The major festival of the south is the Vat Phou Festival in Champasak Province. Southern Green Paradise Geography & Nature The geography and nature of the south is extremely diverse. There are the Bolaven Plateau, well known for its coffee plantations, cascading waterfalls and cool climate; the Dakcheung Plateau and Annamite Mountains where new mammal species are being discovered by science each year and the 4,000 Mekong River Islands with expansive wetlands, world class rapids and riverside beaches. Six of the country s twenty national protected areas (NPA) are in the south, which hold some of the most biologically important areas in the world. Most notably is the Xe Pian NPA with its rich wetland environment and river system inhabited by some of rare migratory and endemic bird species.

71 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 70 International Border Crossings Pakse International Airport (Champasak Province) Champasak Province (Nong Nok Khian) - Cambodia (Pra Preng Krian) Champasak Province (Vang Tao) - Thailand (Chong Mek) Attapeu Province (Phou Keua) - Vietnam (BO-Y) Southern Green Paradise Suggested Routes Typical (1-2 Weeks): Vientiane Khammouane - Savannakhet Champassak Off-The-Beaten Track (2-3 Weeks): Savannakhet Champasak Salavan Sekong Attapeu South to North (4 weeks) Champasak (via Thailand or Cambodia) Salavan Khammouane Vientiane Luang Prabang Luang Namtha Bokeo

72 Attapeu Province Capital: Samakhixay Total area: 10,320 km2 Population: 127, TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Attapeu is the southernmost province in Laos and shares a border with Cambodia. It has a rich history dating back to the Lane Xang Kingdom in the 16 th century, as evidenced by the ancient stupa That Saysetthathirath, which local people believe to house the remains of King Sayasetthatirath. In more recent history, the province became known as the Land of Heroism for its strong role in the revolution. There is evidence of the war remaining today, mostly concentrated in the eastern part of the province along the Ho Chi Minh Trail. Attapeu is well-known for its diverse population of Mon-Khemer speaking ethnic groups that still practice traditional livelihoods and swidden farming under a variety of ecological conditions. Some of the main ethnic groups are the Lavae (Brao) located in Phouvong District, the Oy found mostly at the edge of the Bolaven Plateau, the Taliang in Attapeu town and the Alak located in the eastern parts of Attapeu Province near the border with Vietnam. Southern Green Paradise Nature abounds in Attapeu Province. There is an extensive river network which includes the Xe Kong, Xe Kaman and Xe Xou rivers. One can travel the Xe Kong River along the border of Cambodia and then up in the Xe Pian River with access to Xe Pian National Protected Area (NPA). Three waterfalls along the Xe Pian River, Tad Saepha, Tad Samongphak and Tad Saeponglaican, can be reached

73 Southern Green Paradise TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 72 by foot or by boat with a local guide. Tad Phapong, a waterfall on the Xe Xou River is accessible by trekking or boating and is noted for its many colorful rocks that line the riverside. Dong Ampahn NPA, located in the province s north-east quadrant covers 1,975 km 2 and has elevations ranging from 120m to 2,052m. The area is inhabited by a variety of rare and endangered species, including the buffcheeked gibbon, Asiatic golden cat, clouded leopard, tiger, elephants and Trong Song muntjac. Some of Attapeu s 280 bird species include the Siamese fireback, crested argus, the woolly-necked stork and rufous-winged buzzard. A remote and little known crater-lake called Nong Fa is the largest crater-lake in the country and has beautiful clear waters surrounded by pine forests. Exploration of these remote and beautiful areas is possible with local guides. The ancient art of traditional pottery is still practiced in Attapeu, including the production of large vessels used to hold rice wine called lao hai. Also unique are the crafts of the Taliang people which include weavings, bamboo baskets, bows and arrows, pipes and jewelry. The main festivals of Attapeu belong to its many ethnic groups. Festivals of note (typically celebrated in February) are Boun Kin Ard of the Alak, Taliang and Ye groups and Boun Kin Aleub of the Lavae and Oy groups.

74 Champasak Capital: Pakse Total area: 15,415 km2 Population: 652, TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Champasak Province is known for its relaxed pace of life, warm hospitality and rich cultural, historic and natural heritage. The province has been ruled by various kingdoms through the ages, and today there are many archaeological remains scattered throughout the province. To the south of Pakse, the provincial capital is the Vat Phou Temple Complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Attractions also include the Ancient City, historic colonial buildings, and Don Daeng Island, known for its traditional livelihoods and forested trails. In the southern region of the province is Don Khong and the Four Thousand Islands, or Si Phan Don in Lao. On this stretch of the Mekong is the largest waterfall by volume in Southeast Asia, Khone Phapheng, as well as Li Phi waterfall noted for its cascading emerald green waters. The endangered freshwater Irrawaddy Dolphins inhabit the Mekong near the Lao-Cambodian border and can be observed from locally chartered boats. Southern Green Paradise The Xe Pian National Protected Area covers 2,400 km 2 in the province s southeastern region and is rich in biodiversity of global significance. Xe Pian s dry deciduous forest and wetlands are home to Tigers, Asiatic Elephant, Whitecheeked Gibbons, Green Peafowl and the Giant Ibis. Established ecotourism opportunities include elephant riding, bird watching, trekking and village homestays. In the northeastern region of the province, rising over 1,500m above sea level, are the rich volcanic soils and cool climate of the Bolaven Plateau. This area produces some of the finest Arabica coffees in the world, which can be

75 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 74 purchased directly from the local growers. The breathtaking Tad Fane Waterfall located on the edge of Dong Houa Sao National Protected Area cascades over 100 m off the plateau. In Bachieng Chaleunsouk district the picturesque Pa Suam falls are easily reached by road from Pakse. Southern Green Paradise Located in the northern corner of the province is the Phou Xieng Thong National Protected Area and Khong Mountain, known for its locally guided tours through an orchid conservation area to Hin Khong or Fish Basket Rock which overlooks Ubon Province in Thailand. Just north of Pakse is Don Kho Island, the original French colonial capital of Champasak Province and well-known producer of Lao textiles. Other points of interest in northern Champasak are the Buddhist temples and traditional Southern Lao homes in Ban Saphai, as well as the sacred temple, Vat Pho Sayalam, in Ban Vernxay. Champasak Province is famous for its traditional Lao weavings and unique textile patterns. Ban Saphai is the center of the local textile trade and offers an opportunity to see weaving and purchase textiles directly from the producers. Fish lovers will enjoy the province s Mekong fish dishes, such as fish salad (laab paa & koi paa), fermented fish (paa dek), and the local specialty, pureed fish (paa ka tao). The Vat Phou Festival is the province s largest and draws a huge crowd from the entire Lao-Thai-Cambodia region. The event is held at the Vat Phou Temple Complex and falls on the 3 rd full moon of the Buddhist lunar calendar, usually in February.

76 Salavan 75 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Capital: Salavanh Total area: 10,691 km2 Population: 366,723 Salavan has vast tracts of forest and is home to three National Protected Areas that harbor a wealth of biodiversity. Xe Xap, (1,335 km 2 ) Xe Bang Nouane (1,970 km 2 ) and Phou Xieng Thong (1,200 km 2 ) lie mostly within Salavan s borders, have a range of habitats and micro-climates and are home to a diverse population of ethnic minority groups. The Mekong River separates Salavan from Thailand and the province also shares a border with Vietnam to the east. The main geologic features are the Bolaven Plateau, Mekong River Valley and Southern Annamite Mountains, which rise to over 2,000 meters in the eastern portion of the province. Southern Green Paradise Most visitors access Salavan by route 20 from Pakse, stopping in Ban Houn, a roadside village that produces fine weavings and basketry. That Lo, the best known attraction in the province is a wide, multi-tiered waterfall surrounded by lush greenery and a number of well-planned resorts and guesthouses. At That Lo you can rent a bicycle, enjoy nature walks and venture out to surrounding villages on the Bolaven Plateau. That Lo sits in the center of a major coffee and vegetable growing region, so there is usually a variety of fresh seasonal produce on the menu. East of That Lo and the provincial capital are Ta Oy and Samoui Districts, populated mostly by Mon-Khemer speaking ethnic groups. Here you can see traditional longhouses that may house up to 45 people. A nice outing in

77 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 76 Ta Oy is a trip on the Xe Lanong to watch birds and walk to the La Lao Waterfall. Crisscrossing the eastern half of the province is the famous Ho Chi Minh Trail network, still in use today as a link between remote villages. Along the trail you can see extensive evidence of the heavy aerial bombardment this part of the country suffered during the Second Indochina War. Southern Green Paradise On the Mekong is Khongsedone District, maker of some of the most potent Lao lao whiskey in the country. Khongsedone has many unusual rock formations along the Mekong valley, best known among them is Phou Lahit with its prehistoric rock paintings. One of the most entertaining songs and dances in the entire country, the Lam Salavan, was conceived here and this catchy tune really does make you want to get up and dance! There are excellent khaen players in Salavan and the traditional instrument is still made here. Besides coffee, two famous Salavan products are the fragrant coconuts from Naxai Village and the delicious barbeque chicken that can be purchases at Napong Village on route 13. Like everywhere else in the country, Lao New Year or Pi Mai is celebrated throughout Salavan for a week around 14 April. Before this are the Katang and Ta Oy ethnic group s annual festivals, which occur during late January early February.

78 Sekong Capital: Lanarm Total area: 7,665 km2 Population: 97, TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Sekong Province is one of the least explored provinces in Laos due to the rugged landscape and mountainous terrain that rises to the Dacheung Plateau. Sekong is located in the heart of southern Laos, with Salavan to the north, Champasak to the west, Attapeu in the south and Vietnam to the east. Remnants of the Ho Chi Minh Trail originating in Ta Oy district in Salavan Province pass through Sekong and the Dacheung Plateau on the way to southern Vietnam. With 14 distinct ethnic groups belonging to the Mon-Khmer linguistic family this sparsely populated province is probably the most ethnically diverse in southern Laos. The Katu and Talieng are the largest ethnic groups in the province and are noted for their unique religious practices that mix animism and ancestor worship. Southern Green Paradise The Sekong River, which bisects the province flowing south into Cambodia is ideal for river trips. Local boatmen hire long-tail boats for scenic river journeys that follow the edge of the Bolaven Plateau down to Attapeu Province. Occasionally, freshwater dolphins migrate up the Sekong right up to Sekong Town. The province is dotted with many cascading waterfalls. Tad Hia, Tad Faek and Tad Se Noi (or Tad Hua Khon) waterfalls are the most convenient to visit from town and offer opportunities for swimming, trekking and village visits. Another waterfall not to be missed is the Nam Tok Katamtok, which originates from the Huay Katam River deep in the jungles of the Bolaven Plateau.

79 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 78 Xe Xap National Protected Area, which covers an area of 1,335 km 2 straddling Sekong and Salavan provinces includes part of the southern Annamite Mountains and is mostly steep terrain with high plateaus of about 1400m. On the eastern and southern sides of Xe Xap steep faces rise from 400m to 1400m, topped by Dong Be at 2066m. The protected area s habitat of hill evergreen, semi-evergreen and pine forests support large mammal species including two types of bear, gaur, dhole, serow, large antlered muntjac and tigers. Southern Green Paradise Sekong is well known for its unique textile patterns, which consist of multicolored line patterns created from a hip loom. Although many of the groups produce beautiful weavings, the Nge ethnic group is especially renowned for its works, as well as the Alak for their traditional Lao skirts (sin). Handicrafts can be purchased directly from villages, as well as from handicraft shops in Sekong Town (also known as Muang Lamam). In Kandone Village there are excellent examples of woodcarvings and traditional longhouses. If you are in Sekong during January - February inquire about the fascinating annual festivals held in Katu, Nge and Tariang villages. Another notable local celebration is Boun Souang Heua (traditional boat racing) that takes place in Sekong on 2 December every year to coincide with Lao National Day.

80 79 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Southern Green Paradise

81 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 80 Lao Association of Travel Agents The only thing limiting the number of interesting things to see and do in Laos and the region is time and your imagination. Besides offering a complete range of services to support traditional tours to well-known destinations, the Lao Association of Travel Agents (LATA) also has the on-the-ground knowledge and experience to arrange special itineraries and expeditions to meet the needs of the most discerning traveler. General Information You might want to arrange a special tour to photograph wild orchids, track rare wildlife, pore over Buddhist palm leaf manuscripts, learn to cook, try your hand at traditional pottery, hammer steel with a blacksmith, drink freshly made rice liquor, go fishing, learn to speak Lao or inquire about opportunities for long-term stays in Laos. It is possible to organize these and other types of special interest tours with knowledgeable, trained guides through many of the members of the Lao Association of Travel Agents. More information:

82 81 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK LIST OF MEMBERS LAO ASSOCIATION OF TRAVEL AGENTS 2011 Diethelm Lao Travel Mrs. Nutaly WANHOF Managing Director Setthathirath Road Namphu Square Ban Xiengyeun Chanthaboury District P.O.BOX 2657 Vientiane Capital Tel : , Fax : , Mob: Champa Lao Travel Mr. Hoth PHANIVONG Managing Director Phonsinouan Street Ban Phonsinouan Sisattanak District Tel : Fax: Mob : chamlao@laotel.com Inter - Lao Tourism Mrs. Sengmany VIYAKETH Managing Director No Ban Mixay Sethathirath Rd P.O Box 2912 Vientiane Lao PDR Tel: , ; Fax: Mob: info@interlao.com Lanexang Travel Ms.Poutsady KEOSAYYACHAK Managing Director 043/6 Hengboun Road P.O.BOX Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel: , Fax: " marketing@lanexangtravellaos.com Khiri Travel Lao Mrs.Chansamone VONGSAMANG Managing Director Dongpalan Road, Ban Dongpalan Tha P.O.Box 3619 Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel: Fax: Mob: ; somsanith@khiri.com Khaen Lao Tours Mr. Somphong DEVIENGSAY Managing Director 149/1 Phainam Street Ban Sisaket Chanthaboury District P.O.Box: Vientiane, Lao PDR. Tel: , Fax: Mob: spmarvel@laotel.com Green Discovery Laos Mr. Inthy DEUANASAVANH Managing Director Setthathirath Road Namphou Fountain Vientiane, Lao PDR. General Information

83 General Information TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 82 Tel: , Fax: ; Mob: , Lao Natural &Culture Tourism Co., Mr.Salerm KHAMPENGVONG Managing Director 037/19 Ban Hathsady Chanthaboury Dist P.O.Box:7117 Vientaine LaoPDR Tel: Fax: Mob: A-RASA Tours Mr. Orlaphim INTHAVONG Managing Director Setthathirath Road 115 Ban Mixay Chanthaboury District P.O.BOX Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel: ; ; Fax: Mob: or info@laos-info.com arasa@laotel.com Pheonix Voyage Laos Mr. Sutthanom INTHAVONG Managing Director No.091, T2 Road Ban Sisavath P.O.Box: 2633 Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel & Fax: Mobile: sphoenix@laotel.com Natural Travel Mr. Souladeth PHIMTHONG Managing Director 034 Luangprabang Road Ban Akath Sikhottabong Dist Vientiane Capital Tel: Mob: , Fax: sldphthg@laotel.com Lao Youth Travel Mr. Vilay PHIAHOUAPHANH Managing Director Fa Ngum Ban Misay Chanthaboury District P.O.BOX Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel: , ; Fax: youthtra@laotel.com Lao Travel Service Mr. Siene SIHAVONG Managing Director 158 Setthathirath Road Ban Kaognot Sisattanak District P.O.Box: 5219 Vientiane,Lao PDR Tel: Fax: Mobile: , laotravl@laotel.com

84 TRIP Travel & Tour Company Mrs. Duangchay CHUTHATHIP Managing Director 13 South Road km 8 Dongdok Ban Xaykeo Xaythany District P.O.Box: 1111 Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: , triptravel@yahoo.com KhamLa Tours Mr. Khamla NORLASING Managing Director T2 Sisavad Road Ban Sisavad Neua Chanthaboury Dist Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: info@khamlatours.com or klatours@laotel.com www. khamla.com Nakhornlung Travel Mr. Khamphone PHONSANA Managing Director Bung- KhagnonTay km 3 Thadeua Road Sisattanak Dist P.O.Box 5804 Vientiane Capital Tel: , Fax: Mob: nexpress@laotel.com ViengChampa Travel Mr. Bounthong NANTHAVONG Managing Director Luangprabang Rd Unit 10 Khountatha village Vientiane Capital Tel: , Fax: Mobile: info@viengchampatour.com Lao Women s Union Tour Mrs. Somchanh THANAVONG Managing Director Manthatula Road Ban Xiengyeun Chanthaboury District P.O.Box: 59 Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: info@laowomentour.com Vansana Travel & Tour Mrs. Pakhao PHINID Managing Director Phonthan Road P.O.Box: 881 Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel: Fax: , Mob vtttours@laotel.com Phoudoi Travel Mr Thavone DOUNGDALA Managing Director 1st Floor, Lao National Tourism Administration TOURIST GUIDE BOOK General Information

85 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 84 Building. Lanexang Avenue. Vientiane,Lao PDR Tel: Fax: Mobile: Tel: Fax: , Mob: General Information Lao Nisshin Travel Mrs. Benjamat PHOMMACHAN Managing Director 234 Nongbone Road Ban Phonxay P.O.BOX.4284 Saysettha Dist Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mobile: or Exotissimo Travel Laos Mrs.Duangmala PHOMMAVONG Managing Director 044 Pangkham Street Ban Xiengyeun Chanthabouly District P.O.Box: 4666 Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: Dokkham Travel Mr. Keng VONGPHAKDY Managing Director 036/8 Chao Anou Ban Anou Chanthaboury Dist P.O.Box; 2729 Vientiane Capital Mekhong Lao Travel Mr. Khamtanh KEUNGPANNHA Managing Director 141 Samsenthai Road Chanthaboury Dist P.O.Box: 2754 Vientiane Capital Tel: , Fax: , Mob: or Happy Smile Tour Mr. Shingo Ito Managing Director 45/07, Unit 10, Ban Haysok Chanthabouly District, Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: , Mob: Phanthavong Travel Mr. Phonphet PHANTHAVONG Managing Director 59/01 yonnet Rd. Xieng Nyeun village Chanthabouly Dist Vientiane Capital Tel:

86 Fax: Mob: Lao World Tavel Managing Director 059 khounboulom Rd Ban Saylom Chanthaboury Dist Vientiane capital Tel: Fax: , Mob: ; Dalee Travel Mrs. Mai DALEE Managing Director Khouboulom Road Ban Sysakhet Chanthaboury Dist Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Chansada Travel Mrs. Chansada ALIYAVONG Managing Director Norkeokomarn Road Mixay Village Chanthaboury Dist Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: ; MK TOUR Mr. Maniseng KHAMPHAY Managing Director Luangprabang Road Ban Muong Vatha Sikhottabong Dist Vientiane Capital P.O.Box: Tel: Fax: Mob: Tavan Travel Sevice Mrs. Tavanhak ABHAY Sales & Maketing Manager 88 Setthathilad Rod Chatthabouly Dist P.O.Bax 9847 Vientiane,Lao PDR Tel: Fax: Mob: TOURIST GUIDE BOOK Asian Trails Laos Mr. Philippe CONOD Managing Director Unit 10, Khounta Thong Village. Sikottabong Dist. Vientiane Capital. P.O.Box 5422 Tel: Fax: Mob: Fa Travel Mr. Kongfa PHOUMMASAK Genaral Manager Ban Thongkhankham tai Chaoanou Raod. Chanthabouly Dist Vientiane Capital Tel: General Information

87 General Information TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 86 Fax: , , Lotus Lao Travel Mr. Bouakhao PHOMSOUVANH Managing Director 169 Sithanneua Luangprabang Raod. Sikhottabong Dist Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: ; Mob: bouakhao@lotuslaotravel.com Lao Holidays Travel Mr. Sackphaseath Samountry Managing Director Bounhom Tower building Ban thongkhankham Chanthaburi Dist POBox: 7734 Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel: Fax: Mob: laosholiday@etllao.com ; S.P Travel & Tour Mr. Oukeo Luangsouvannavong Managing Director 566 PhonTang Rd Phonphanoum Village Saysattha Dist Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel: Fax: newdesti@etllao.com ; NamXan River Tour Mr.Souriya THEPHANOURAK Manager 3/1 Model Home, Xieng Gnune Village Fa Ngum Road SiKottabong District Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel: Fax: Mob: or info@namxanrivertours.com www. nxt-tours.com Sin PhaVong Tour Mr.Boualoy SINGPHAVONG Managing Director 362, Donkhoi village T4 Road, Sisathanak Dist POBox: 3029 Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel: Fax: Mob: onfo@sinphavong.com Lilawady Travel Mrs. Kesone SAYASANE Managing Director Thong kang village. Soi 12, 24 Lao-Thai Street Sisattanak Dist Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel: Fax: , Mob: Ksayasane@yahoo.com or Ksayyasane@Gmail.com Jumping Lao Tour Mr. Vannada PHOMMASTHIT Managing Director Lao Plaza hotel 1st floor 63 Samsenthai Road

88 P.O.Box : 6708 Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel: Fax: Mob: phouthone@jumping_laos.com PVL Tour and Tiket Ms. Phouvilay SENGAKOME Managing Director 025 Mixay village Frencoisgnoum Rd Chanthabouly Drist Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: ; Mob: PVL-tour@hotmail.com Vongsavanh Travel Mr. Vongsavanh Senemangthong Managing Director 045/04 Koiluang village Koiluang Rd Chanthabouly Drist Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: Sor Oudomsap Travel Mr. Anousack AKHAVONGSA Managing Director NongPing village NongPing Road Chanthabouly Drist Vientiane Capital Tel: ; Fax: Mob: banthomakhavong@yahoo.com 87 MP TOUR Mrs. Manichanh Phanvathvongsouk Managing Director Sibounhuang Road Sibounhuang Village Chanthabouly District Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: mp_tour@hotmail.com ; Chackavane Travel Mr. Vimane PHANITH Managing Director Chao Anou Road Chanthabouly District Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: chackavanetravel@yahoo.com INCY Lao Travel Service Mrs. Nalee MOUNLAMY Deputy Director 122 Phapoo Village Thadeun Road Sisattanak District Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: sone2244@hotmail.com Wonderland Tour 254/1, chao Anou Rd, unit 19, Thongtum Chanthabouly District PO Box: Vientiane Capital Tel: , Fax: TOURIST GUIDE BOOK General Information

89 General Information TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 88 Mob: DEA-A LAO Travel Ms. Phoutsavy VONGVICHITH Managing Director 25 Nongboung Road Phoxay Village Saysetta District Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: LEUXAY Travel Ms. Soutsady LEUXAY Managing Director 314 DongMieng Road DongMieng Village ChattaboulyDistrict PO Box: 7873 Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: ; CHALUERN Travel Mrs.Manivanh BOUTHDAOVONG Managing Director 360 Thatluang Village, Xaysettha District Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: LAO SMILE Travel Managing Director 201 Nongpanai Village Sikhottabong District PO Box: 2797 Vientiane Capital Tel/Fax: Mob: , ; ICS LAO Tourism Co. Mr. Khamchao KEOVONGSA Managing Director 184 Beungkhayong Tai Village, Sisattanak District PO Box: 9676 Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: SHAYMAITHONG Travel Ms. Thongsawanh BOUNLEUT Managing Director Sisavad tai Village, Chanthabouly District, PO Box:1417 vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: Green vallery Travel Ms. Pathana PANYATHIP Managing Director 067,Phonesay Village, Chanthabouly District, PO Box:5941 Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob:

90 ; CEL Travel Mr. Sivone SONEOASEUTH Managing Director 019/01,Vatchanh Village, Chanthabouly District, Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: info@celtravellaos.com Royal Travel Mrs. Bounmy THEPHAVONG Managing Director Sibounheuang Village, Chanthabouly District, Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: VISIT ASIA Travel Ms. Khamfeuane THIPPHACHANH Managing Director 135 Samsaenthai Road Anou Village, Chanthabouly District, Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: ; Mob: info@cvisitasiatravel.com 89 Meet Tour SOLE CO,.LTD Ms. Thipchinda Manager Marketing Sisangvone Road Nongbone Village, Saysettha District, Tel: Fax: Vientiane Capital Mob: ; info@meettours.com ; DDD Travel Mr. Phouthasinh SAYTHIRATH Managing Director 136/13 Hengboun Road Mixo Village, Chanthabouly District, Vientiane Capital Tel: Fax: Mob: phouthasinh@dddtravellaos.com Savanh Banhao Mr. Sonethavong KHENNAVONG Managing Director Sanna Rd Sayyaphoum village Savannaket Pro Box: 466 T/F: Tel: Fax: TOURIST GUIDE BOOK PO- General Information

91 General Information TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 90 Mob: VTE T/F: ; Houai Sai Travel Mrs. Savanhdalone SIHAVONG Managing Director 62 Main Road, Houai Sai Dist Borkeo Province P.O.Box: 256 Tel: ; Fax: Mob: hsttour@laotel.com Inter Caravane Tourism Mr. Vanthong VIXAYRATH Managing Director 03/040 Setthathilad P.O.Box: 282 Thakhek Dist Khammuane Province Tel: Fax: Mob: intercaravantourism@yahoo.com Khong Island Travel Mr. BounNheuang NOUANSENGSY Managing Director Ban Thaluang Pakse District Champasack Province P.O.Bax 9847 Tel: Fax: Mob: xbtrvlmk@laotel.com villamuongkhong@126.com NAPAKUANG Travel co. Ms Phetsamone INTHALANGSY Managing Director 040 Thinkeo Village, Keoudome District, viengchanh Provine Tel: ; VTE T Fax: Mob: ; npk@napakuang.com XPLORE - ASIA LAO Travel CO. Mr. Phoxay INTHANAM Managing Director Savang Village, Vangvieng District, viengchanh Provine Tel: Fax: Mob: xay100@hotmail.com Bo-Sapphire Travel Mrs. Khonesamay Chaleunephonh Genaral Director

92 334 River site Road Houai sai District Borkeo Province Tel: Fax: Mob: Luang Prabang Travel & Tour Mr. Khamphieng MANICHIT Ms.Somsanith RATTANA Managing Director 368/ Setthathirath Road Ban Aham Luangprabang Dist P.O.Box: 356 LuangPrabang, Provine Tel: Fax: Mob: , Asie du Sut Est Voyage Mr. Khamphanh Managing Director 57/8, Souvannabanlang Unit4, Ban Pakhame Luang Prabeng Province P.O.Box: 1172 Tel: Fax: Mobile: Settha Travel Mr. Settha KHAEOSOMPHONE 91 Managing Director Ban Nongkham Luangprabang District Luangprabang Province Tel: Fax: VTE F: T: Mob: ; Lao PTM Travel Mrs. Leck PHOTHIMATH Managing Director 05 Sackkaline Raod Luangprabang District Luangprabang Province Tel: Fax: Mob: Sousath Travel Mr. Sousath PHETRASY Managing Director Ban Phonsaath Xiengkhoung Province P.O.Box: 649 A Tel: ; ; ; Fax: sousathp@laotel.com TOURIST GUIDE BOOK General Information

93 TOURIST GUIDE BOOK 92 Lao Hotel and Restaurant Association The Lao Hotel and Restaurant Association is pleased to offer a range of accommodation, from family-run guesthouses to 5 star Lao hotels in cities and provinces across the country. Our ability to book guesthouses, hotels and even apartments at discount prices is unique in Laos. A full range of information on the association s services is available here or on the internet at General Information Our website features interactive maps and pictures of each participating hotel in Laos, which means that you can see exactly where you are staying and the kind of room you are booking. For a personal touch, you can even get to know who you are staying with as many of our Lao accommodation sites have pictures, details and stories posted from owners or managers. Moreover, being a locally owned and operated hotel booking service, we can provide knowledgeable, on-the-ground, real-time information about hotels in Laos and travel tips that no outside booking agent can offer. From backpackers seeking a local experience in budget accommodation to business travelers requiring a convenient location and business facilities, the Lao Hotel and Restaurant Association is ready to serve you.