Unit 5: Selling of the American West

Transcription

1 Unit 5: Selling of the American West Announcements: midterms handed back assignment folder update posted next week turning in assignment folder June 12th Unit 5: Age of Exploration North America Thomas Moran Video Notes

2 Unit 5: Lecture Concepts Age of exploration North America American indigenous groups westward expansion Thomas Moran life and work America s public lands national park service preservation vs conservation

3 Unit 5 activities Video Notes: Drawn to Yellowstone Article Summary about threat to our public lands Earth map update

4 Unit 5 terms Manifest Destiny Louisiana Purchase Transcontinental railroad Romantic Realist Preservation conservation

5 Unit 5: Selling the American West

6 Age of Exploration Discovery and later colonization of these distant continents warranted documentation of cultures, animals, plants and other valuable resources Artists started to accompany the expeditions as early as 1500 s

7 Age of Exploration These artists include: Jacques Le Moyne, Florida John White, Roanoke Island, North Carolina Conrad Martins, South America voyage of the Beagle

8 Age of Exploration North America in 1803

9 Prairie Ecosystem of the Mid West

10 Selling of the American West West of the Mississippi- The mountain man Fur Trappers Indigenous people horse cultures Bison: keystone species importance to tribes population

11 Motivation for taming the wilderness became economic and moral act Natural resources infinite & inexhaustible Exploitation reaches it s pinnacle in 1800 in North America Rapid increase in immigrants Land, economic opportunity and freedom Population increased 30% West = last frontier and hope for prosperity Selling the American West

12 Lewis and Clark expedition Bodmer and Maximilllian expedition VANISHING VIEWS

13 Selling the American West Manifest Destiny Homestead Act of 1862 American Progress 1872 American Progress, John Gast, 1872

14 VANISHING VIEWS Extermination of the bison Transcontinental railroad 1868 California Gold Rush 1848

15 VANISHING VIEWS: the cultures Decimation of food resourcesremoval of livelihood American Bison Disease-small pox Removal onto reservations Assimilation boarding schools s Dying of elders--- loss of ceremonies and traditions American Indian War Illegalization of ceremonies between Resulted in the Genocide of the indigenous people of North America.

16 Selling the American West During the 1800 s, artists were commissioned under contract with the railroad lines to publicized the wonders of the West and encourage westward expansion.

17 Selling the American West Romantic Realism Hudson River School -devoid of civilization -Idealization of the landscape -dramatic lighting The Oxbow, Thomas Cole reaction to the industrial age

18 Selling the American West Thomas Moran: Born in Lancashire, England in 1836 raised in Pennsylvania Printer maker Hudson school "an artist of Philadelphia of rare genius". Hayden Geological Survey Expedition 1871 Yellowstone region of the American West-

19 Hayden Geological Survey Expedition 1871 The place where Hell bubbled up

20 William Henry Jackson Selling the American West -Photographer -Worked alongside Moran -Offered objective view of the region

21 Selling the American West Lower Geyser Basin, Yellowstone Basin, 1871 Crystal Falls, Yellowstone region 1871

22 Old Faithful geyser Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone

23 Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone- Field sketch

24 Yellowstone National Park Hayden, Moran and Jackson fought to keep US government from auctioning off the land 500 page report US congress: Preservation vs conservation

25 Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone 7 x 12 oil on canvas, st National Park created

26 1873 The Colorado River Expedition John Wesley Powell Selling the American West

27 30 paintings were created for Powell s report Instrumental in getting the area designated as a national park but not until 1919.

28 Selling the American West Chasm of the Colorado, 1874

29 Selling the American West The Mountain of the Holy Cross 1875 Mountain in Colorado Hayden expedition 1875 Travelled extensively Created 100 s of large scale oil paintings Published work in various periodicals I place no value upon literal transcripts from nature. My general scope is not realistic, all my tendencies are toward idealization topography in art is valueless

30 Selling the American West Green River, Wyoming 1896

31 Selling the American West Ponce de Leon in Florida, 1878

32 Thomas Moran Shoshone Falls, 1900

33 Selling the American West Moran and Jackson returned to Yellowstone in ,000 s of tourists annually to 1000 per day Northern Pacific Railway- Gardiner,MT Yellowstone Park Improvement Co. was granted unlimited use of resources within park

34 Selling the American West In The Lava Beds, 1892

35 Thomas Moran painted more than 400 large scale paintings throughout his life He travelled and painted throughout his life as late as 1920 Moran died at the age of 89 at his home in Santa Barbara, California

36 The Transcontinental Railroad

37 New Age of Tourism in the West Preservation for profit by the railroads Commissions to artists Encouraged visitors Developed infrastructure on public lands and surrounding areas Degradation of parks poaching, grazing and mining etc.

38 Conservation vs preservation conservation seeks the proper use of nature natural resources were infinite preservation seeks protection of nature from use. Railroads lobbied with environmentalist for preservation Railroads = economic value-tourism Environmentalists = aesthetic or recreational value "benefit and enjoyment of the people," Human superiority - both for the use of humans Rights of nature to simply exist? Ecological value?

39 Railroads Co. role in Preservation wildlife as spectacle economic potential of creating the National Parks public use and enjoyment was the overriding concern. development, financing, and marketing of parks Monopoly- railroads for transportation Development of infrastructure Settlers Tourist

40 Native American lands were taken without compensation Slave labor under paid and over worked immigrants mainly from China. Only the wealthiest citizens were able to visit and stay in the luxury hotels that were available Railroad legacy

41 Threat to our Public Lands today Articles to read and summarize: 27 National Monuments through out the West are threatened to be delisted. Opening the areas up to extraction industries oil and gas development, mining and grazing. national-monuments html?utm_source= EcoWatch+List&utm_campaign= 2aa7e9185c- _CAMPAIGN&utm_mediu m= &utm_term=0_49c7d43 dc9-2aa7e9185c

42 Unit 5: Earth Map update 5a. Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming 5b. Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

43 Drawn to Yellowstone Video Notes /video/drawn-toyellowstonejzw935/ Take a page of notes on this interesting video about Thomas Moran and Yellowstone.