I/A Ancient Cultures 5 Rome and the Punic Wars (Klasse 7) 1 von 28

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1 I/A Ancient Cultures 5 Rome and the Punic Wars (Klasse 7) 1 von 28 Rome and the Punic Wars A Growing Empire. Die Bedeutung der Punischen Kriege für die Expansion des Römischen Reiches zur Weltmacht erkennen (Klasse 7) Ein Beitrag von: Frauke Vieregge, Hamburg Illustrationen von: Doris Köhl, Julia Lenzmann, Oliver Wetterauer Hannibal ante portas Rom, die erste Großmacht der Welt. Nach den Ständekämpfen war der Weg frei, dieses Ziel unerbittlich zu verfolgen. Viele Kriege lagen auf diesem Weg, Rom schien unbesiegbar. Die Erfolge in den Punischen Kriegen brachten Rom den Ruf ein, unbesiegbar zu sein. Wie war diese Supermacht organisiert und wie sicherte sie ihre Vormachtstellung in der antiken Welt? Dass Rom sowohl durch Krieg als auch durch Vertragsschlüsse und Diplomatie sein Reich zu einer Weltmacht der Antike ausbreiten konnte, wissen die Lernenden am Ende dieser Reihe. Darüber hinaus können die Schülerinnen und Schüler mit Karten arbeiten. Und wetten, dass Sie bei einer Carousel Discussion die gesamte Klasse zum Sprechen bringen? Klasse: 7 Dauer: 6 Stunden (möglichst 1 Einzelstunde und 2 Doppelstunden; + 1 Std. für die LEK) Thinkstock Bereich: Antike, Rom und Karthago, Machtverhältnisse in der Antike, Punische Kriege

2 4 von 28 Rome and the Punic Wars (Klasse 7) Ancient Cultures 5 I/A 4./5. Stunde: The aftermath of the Punic Wars in the Roman Empire Material M 7, M 8 (M 1) Verlauf The effects of the Punic Wars on the victorious soldiers / Bildimpuls zur Einleitung eines Verfassertextes über Auswirkungen der Punischen Kriege auf das römische Reich und das Leben der Menschen; Fantasiereise, anschließend Lektüre des Textes in Einzelarbeit, Bearbeitung in Partnerarbeit; Anwenden des Wissens aus dem Text in einer kreativen Schreibaufgabe (Verfassen eines Briefes aus Sicht eines zurückgekehrten Kleinbauern/Soldaten) Materialübersicht 1. Stunde: Rome the expansion of the Roman Republic M 1 (Ka/Fo) The Mediterranean before and after the 1 st and 2 nd Punic Wars M 2 (Ab) Method sheet: Understanding historical maps M 3 (Fo/Bi) Who s that man? 2./3. Stunde: The Punic Wars M 4 (Fo/Bi) Memory: Important words in the context of the Punic Wars M 5 (Tx) The Punic Wars Rome s way to become a superpower M 6 (Ab) Method sheet: Carousel discussion 4./5. Stunde: The aftermath of the Punic Wars in the Roman Empire M 7 (Fo/Bi) Leaving the farms and fighting for Rome and afterwards? M 8 (Tx/Ab) The effects of the Punic Wars on the victorious soldiers Ab: Arbeitsblatt Bi: Bild Fo: Folie/Folienvorlage Ka: Karte Tx: Text

3 I/A Ancient Cultures 5 Rome and the Punic Wars (Klasse 7) 5 von 28 Ernst Klett Verlag GmbH M 1 The Mediterranean before and after the 1 st and 2 nd Punic Wars

4 6 von 28 Rome and the Punic Wars (Klasse 7) Ancient Cultures 5 I/A M 2 Method sheet: Understanding historical maps With the help of a map you can get information about what happened when and where. But a historical map only shows a short part of history and not a longer period of time. How do you work with such a map? Helpful information: Part or whole? Does the map show only a part of a country or a complete country? Colours and names: Different colours and names mark areas or countries. They also show if they belong together. In this map all countries shown in (orange) belong together: Hispania belonged to Rome after the Punic Wars. Each map has its own language with special signs and symbols: Lines and arrows: Coloured lines and arrows can be used to show the movements of people or armies. Symbols: These mark important towns and crossed swords mark places of important battles. How to analyse maps methodically step by step: 1. Describe What is the map about? Look at the heading and the explanation. What is shown? Which country, places or towns are shown? Tip: Use a modern atlas to compare the historical map with the world today. 2. Examine Find out the time structure of the map. Does it deal with a special point in time / a specific year or a longer period? Look at the explanation again: what do the colours and symbols mean? 3. Analyse Summarize / sum up the most important information you have worked out and find the historical connection. Vocabulary aids for those who want to become experts: The Mediterranean before and after the 1 st and 2 nd Punic Wars 1. Describe: The territory / area marked with horizontal / vertical / diagonal stripes The territory / area marked with squares / the criss-cross pattern / spots / The hatched area The territory that is shaded in (orange) The territory that is shaded with blue lines shows which countries made up the (empire of ) shows / illustrates the borders The area / region of is shown to be part of The area / region of is shown to be under the control of The area / region of is shown to belong to We can see that was divided up between At that time was part of 2. Examine: You can see the changes which took place from until / to To start with / At the beginning A decade / a century / x years later In the middle In the course of time In the course of the century At the end of the century 3. Analyse: The changes show / describe The map shows that gained / lost territory The map shows that gained / lost its independence Ernst Klett Verlag GmbH

5 10 von 28 Rome and the Punic Wars (Klasse 7) Ancient Cultures 5 I/A M 4 Memory: Important words in the context of the Punic Wars trade ally to ram fleet contract supply to threaten fine

6 I/A Ancient Cultures 5 Rome and the Punic Wars (Klasse 7) 11 von 28 Doris Köhl

7 16 von 28 Rome and the Punic Wars (Klasse 7) Ancient Cultures 5 I/A M 6 Method sheet: Carousel discussion The teacher has divided your class into two groups. You will talk to different classmates about the text. Carousel discussion How does it work? After you have read the text, the teacher will ask each group to form a circle with their chairs. The first group forms an inner circle and the second an outer circle, so you sit opposite each other and face each other. When the teacher gives you a signal, you start your conversation about the text you ve worked on. Tell the person opposite you about your part of the text. You have five minutes, so keep your information short and precise! Fill in your chart with the information your partner gives you. After five minutes you will be asked to move to another partner. Julia Lenzmann The second round starts with the people sitting in the outer circle moving two or three positions clockwise. Your teacher will tell you how many positions to move. Start your conversation again with your new partner. Again, make sure that you only exchange the important information that you don t already have. Your teacher will ask whether you need another round. Don t worry, you ll get all the information you need. The carousel stops when you have completed your chart about the Punic Wars.

8 I/A Ancient Cultures 5 Rome and the Punic Wars (Klasse 7) 25 von 28 Test: The Punic Wars Now let s find out whether you are an expert on the three Punic Wars. Task: Fill the gaps in the text with the correct words from the box below. Thinkstock enemies trading partners completely destroyed crippled city of Carthage Spanish 1 st Zama Numidia victorious grain province 216 wooden boarding bridge citizens cities strategy ramming country estates 241 elephants fine reward Sicily Cannae strong fleet Rome and the Punic Wars 1. Before Rome and Carthage were, they were with good and peaceful relations. 2. The Punic War started because Rome and Carthage both wanted as a source for. 3. First the Carthaginians were better than the Romans because they had a of ships. But the Romans built ships which had a, and they trained their soldiers in the technique of. 4. With those improved ships they won the first Punic War in BC. 5. The Carthaginians had to give Sicily to Rome and paid a of 80 tons of silver. 6. The 2 nd Punic War started because the Carthaginians conquered the city of Sagunt, which was an ally of Rome. Then Hannibal took to cross the Alps and marched to Rome. 7. In BC the major battle of the 2 nd Punic War took place in. 50,000 of the 80,000 Roman soldiers died. 8. But Hannibal had to return to Africa because Rome changed its and went to Africa to attack the. 9. Hannibal left Italy and went to where he fought the Romans. The Carthaginians lost the battle. 10. In the 3 rd Punic War the city of Carthage was by the Romans. They punished the Carthaginians because they had started a war against without Rome s permission. 11. After the 3 rd Punic War Carthage became a Roman. 12. The soldiers returned home with a. 13. But they often had lost everything they had back in Italy. Their farms had been sold to big and their families left to live in the. 14. Injured or soldiers couldn t return home and had to stay in Carthage as of the new Roman province. 15. The soldiers weren t always winners. Their situation changed for the worse after the war.

9 I/A Ancient Cultures 5 Rome and the Punic Wars (Klasse 7) 27 von 28 Vocabulary: Rome and the Punic Wars A Growing Empire adversary opponent, enemy Feind, Gegner aid help, support Hilfe, Unterstützung anew again noch einmal, aufs Neue to approve to support, to agree zustimmen, gutheißen battle fight between two armies Schlacht to busy oneself with sth. to occupy oneself with sth. sich um etw. kümmern, sich mit etw. beschäftigen calamity disaster, catastrophe Katastrophe, Unglück Carthaginians inhabitants of the city of Carthage die Karthager cavalry troops/soldiers on horseback Kavallerie, Reiterei citizen citizenship people who were not slaves and had rights, e.g. as members of the Roman Republic to have rights as a member of e.g. the Roman Republic Bürger Bürgerrecht chiefly mainly, mostly hauptsächlich, vor allen Dingen to confess to admit zugeben conduct of war the way to act in a war Kriegsführung contract agreement, deal Vertrag country estate a big farm Landgut to desert to abandon, to leave verlassen, aufgeben to despair to give up aufgeben, verzweifelt sein to dispute to argue, to discuss eine Auseinandersetzung haben, streiten dominion superiority, control Vorherrschaft efficiency competence, effectiveness Effizienz, gute Ausbeute to employ to hire, to pay for work beschäftigen, anheuern equipment gear Ausstattung fine fleet amount of money paid as a punishment a group of ships, esp. for fighting in a war Strafgebühr Flotte hostage captive, prisoner Geisel, Gefangener to induce to make sth. happen, to persuade jmdn. zu etw. bewegen infantry troops/soldiers on foot Fußtruppen to maintain to continue, to keep up instand halten, bewahren maintenance upholding, preservation Bewahrung, Instandhaltung majority Mediterranean Sea the largest part within a group of people ocean surrounded by the Mediterranean region Mehrheit Mittelmeer menace threat Drohung

10 28 von 28 Rome and the Punic Wars (Klasse 7) Ancient Cultures 5 I/A mercenary legionnaire (motivated by money) Legionäre, Söldner to neglect not to pay attention to, not to take care of oath sworn promise, pledge Eid vernachlässigen to obey to follow gehorchen perpetual eternal, continuous ständig, wiederholt, fortgesetzt seamanship so. who knows everything about ships and fleets and how to manage them Seefahrerkunst supply stock, reserve Vorrat, Vorräte, Versorgung supremacy rule, authority, power Vormachtstellung, Vorherrschaft to be stationed to stay at a place for a certain time, stationiert sein, esp. soldiers vorübergehend wohnen (Militär) territory area of land that belongs to a country Territorium, Hoheitsgebiet troop soldiers, army Truppe valour courage, bravery Wagemut to be victorious to win siegreich sein warrior soldier, member of the army Krieger Glossary: Rome and the Punic Wars A Growing Empire ally: (military) friend, helper, supporter; here: partners of Rome who had signed a contract promising that they would never attack and always serve and protect Rome with soldiers, ships and other supplies. In return, they were allowed to rule their town or tribes independently. Corsica: island south-west of France in the Mediterranean (Korsika) day labourer: a person who is employed and paid for single days only, for as long as there is work to do (Tagelöhner) province: a territory that a Roman magistrate held control of on behalf of his government. The magistrate, usually a former consul, had control over the soldiers stationed in the province and had absolute executive and jurisdictional powers. The magistrate had to cooperate with the influential families of the province, who often functioned as assistants or advisors. The inhabitants of the province had to pay taxes to Rome (money or a certain percentage of the harvest), but they weren t citizens of the Roman Republic. Punic Wars: the term Punic comes from the Latin word Punicus (or Poenicus), meaning Carthaginian, with reference to the Carthaginians Phoenician ancestry (Punische Kriege) Sagunt: city in Spain in today s region of Valencia. Sardinia: island west of Italy and south of Corsica (Sardinien) Sicily: island at the southern tip of Italy (Sizilien) superpower: a country that is so strong and influential that it dominates many others in a military, political and economic way (militärische, politische und wirtschaftliche Großmacht) Tunisia: country in Northern Africa (Tunesien)