EUROPEAN COMMISSION. Kosovo EMERGENCY ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGED HOUSING AND LOCAL/VILLAGE INFRASTRUCTURE JULY 1999 IMG. International Management Group

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1 EUROPEAN COMMISSION Kosovo EMERGENCY ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGED HOUSING AND LOCAL/VILLAGE INFRASTRUCTURE JULY 1999 IMG International Management Group

2 European Commission Damage Assessment Kosovo International Management Group Emergency Assessment of Housing and Local/village Infrastructure in Kosovo July 1999 This assessment was undertaken by IMG on behalf of the European Commission during the first three weeks of July This is only a first rapid evaluation the purpose of which is to indicate the levels of damage to housing and village infrastructure after the conflict in Kosovo. A more detailed assessment process is underway covering not only housing/accommodation but also all aspects of infrastructure.

3 Table of Contents Introduction...4 Assessment Methodology...5 Housing Assessment Methodology...6 Local/Village Infrastructure Assessment Methodology...7 Education Facilities...7 Healthcare Facilities...7 Rural electricity...7 Water supply...8 Transport...8 Conclusion...9 Assessment Methodology for Housing...10 IMG Standards for the rehabilitation of war-damaged residential buildings...11 Examples of categories of damage...16 Tables: Housing and Local Infrastructure Damage...20 Damage on Housing Stock, Summary Table...21 Damage on Housing Stock - municipal data...22 Damage on Education Facilities, Summary Table...66 Damage on Health Facilities, Summary Table...67 Damage on Electricity Distribution Network, Summary Table...68 Damage on Water Distribution Network, Summary Table...69 Maps: Kosovo Municipalities...70 KFOR Brigade Areas of Responsibility (AORs)...71 Housing Damages (No of settlements, No assessed, No damaged)...72 Rehabilitation Cost Estimates

4 Introduction Prior to the commencement of NATO action in March 1999, the European Commission had contacted the International Management Group (IMG) to carry out an extensive damage assessment in Kosovo. This assessment was finalized in February (14 damaged municipalities were assessed). Following the withdrawal of Yugoslav troops in June, these findings had to be updated to identify the level of additional damage and the extent of assistance now required for, on the one hand, emergency measures and, on the other hand, for the long term reconstruction process. The immediate, quick damage assessment focuses on the scale and cost of urgent repairs of houses and related basic infrastructure to enable refugees to return to their homes before the beginning of the winter. This extensive report complements and largely correlates with the rapid village assessment carried out by UNHCR in early July or evaluation of the shelter needs. This assessment with preliminary cost estimates, to be presented at the first Donor's conference at 'senior officials' level on 28 July in Brussels, will be followed by a more detailed study which will take some six months to complete. With a view to the second Donor's Conference in September or October 1999, this comprehensive damage assessment will examine the following sectors: housing, public and social buildings, water sanitation and distribution, energy supply and distribution, telecommunications economic infrastructure, and religious and cultural heritage. The assessment should also take into account all humanitarian, rehabilitation and reconstruction actions carried out by then, including the coherency of these actions. The overall costs for the reconstruction will be fully known only after more comprehensive assessment. 4

5 The Assessment Methodology The assessment process has covered the whole territory of the Kosovo Province. IMG assessment teams have visited all damaged and undamaged settlements with the purpose of recording the levels of damage. Four assessment teams equipped with 4WD vehicles have traversed Kosovo visiting each municipality and systematically recording the levels of housing damage observed. Many of the experts engaged were also previously involved in the Damage Assessment carried out by IMG for the EC in Dec 98/Jan 99 and they were therefore already well experienced in carrying out the task. At the time of the first assessment, a total of 14 municipalities were assessed. At that time, these were the only areas where reports indicated that houses were being destroyed. More critical, several municipalities were not assessed at all and only estimated, as access was impossible due to fighting between the VJ and the KLA. This assessment has covered the whole territory of Kosovo representing an additional 15 municipalities. The conditions for carrying out the assessment have been good. The long hours of daylight have meant that the teams have been carrying out fieldwork typically for 12 hours per day, 7 days per week. Information on mines has been solicited primarily from KFOR and the assessment teams have liaised constantly with the relevant KFOR CIMIC cells in the areas they have been operating. Some estimation has been included within the report covering expected repair requirements for schools, primary healthcare facilities and rural/village reelectrification. These are estimated costs only and should not be considered as absolute. A more accurate process of assessment in the field of infrastructure has commenced. The findings of such an assessment do not constitute part of this report. Tables indicating all the municipalities and the recorded levels of damage are included in the Tables section. 5

6 Housing Assessment Methodology Each house/dwelling/building has been examined in accordance with a set of predefined parameters and classified in one of four (4) categories: Category I Category II Category III Category IV 5 20 % damaged 20 40% damaged 40 60% damaged over 60% damaged Enclosed also in the report is a copy of the assessment sheet used by the assessment teams describing the grades of damage to different parts of a building. A combination of the levels of damage to the different building parts yields an overall grading for the building. The cost of reconstruction is directly related to the categories of damage, which have been estimated at approx. EUR 15,000 for reconstructing one house having one floor level with a gross area of 75m 2. This cost is based on already known material/labour costs in the region. It should be pointed out however, that material prices are likely to fluctuate to a large extent, certainly in the early stages of the reconstruction process. In general, house sizes in Kosovo are large; it is still recommended that the extent of rehabilitation/reconstruction works to any given house should be limited to providing adequate living space for a single-family unit (one floor level) Buildings damaged more than 60% are generally considered to be destroyed beyond cost-effective repair. If a house is assessed as 30% damaged (Cat II, 20%-40%), the cost for a total rehabilitation is estimated to be EUR 5,300. It important to point out that such houses may be made habitable for a figure markedly lower than this. Rehabilitation costs do not include land development, purchase of plots, foundation works, external infrastructure, service (connection) charges or other sub-soil structures. Infrastructure will be specified separately and is therefore not included in the reconstruction costs for the houses. The required standard for a habitable dwelling is, for the purpose of the report, expected to be in accordance with the so-called IMG-Standard developed for Bosnia Herzegovina. 6

7 Village/Local Infrastructure: Assessment Methodology Education Facilities In many villages it appears that schools have been singled out as targets. Many of them have been looted and burned. As in the case of housing, the levels of damage have been separated into four (4) categories. The estimated costs for reconstruction or replacement (if necessary) are related to the damage categories. For the purpose of the assessment, a figure of EUR 100,000 has been calculated as necessary for the total reconstruction of a standard village school with four classrooms including furniture. Allowance has been made for non-standard buildings in the estimates. Category Degree of Damage Rehab. Costs EUR Category I 5 20% 12,000 Category II 20 40% 30,000 Category III 40 60% 50,000 Category IV over 60% 100,000 Healthcare Facilities Some village out-patient department (ambulantas) are in operation, but providing only a rudimentary service. While this is outside the brief of this first assessment, it has been decided to include some basic information where known. In this regard it has also been decided to include some estimated costs for repair of these facilities. As for housing and education, the costs for reconstruction are related to the damage categories. For the purpose of the assessment, a figure of EUR 30,000 has been assessed as required for the total reconstruction of a standard village out-patient department (ambulanta) of 75m 2 including equipment. Equipment costs are estimated at between EUR 5,000-EUR 10,000. Category Degree of Damage Rehab. Costs EUR Category I 5 20% 10,000 Category II 20 40% 15,000 Category III 40 60% 22,000 Category IV over 60% 30,000 Rural electricity Electricity has been disconnected to many villages during the conflict. In some cases the LV network needs repair and some transformers have either been removed or destroyed by gunfire. It appears also however that some towns and villages were disconnected by the simple expedient of knocking out the higher voltage transmission lines thus denying power to a wider area without causing any line damage at the house or village/community level. In areas where there is widespread destruction throughout the villages, there will be a need for line replacement, transformer replacement and new house connections. For the purpose of establishing some basic parameters for calculating the rehabilitation needs, a cost has been estimated at approx. EUR 10,000 7

8 for an average of 100 houses. Such works could include the repair/replacement of a transformer some distribution line repair and house connections. Village size No of houses in settlement Rehab. Costs EUR Size I ,000 Size II ,000 Size III ,000 Size IV over ,000 Water supply Water in the villages is generally supplied from local wells. As yet, no detailed assessment has been made of the nature of the supply and distribution systems. Some reports indicate that wells have been polluted or contaminated and therefore need to be cleaned and repaired. Obviously, the reconstruction/rehabilitation cost is dependent on the size of the network and the number of dwellings served. For the purpose of estimating rehabilitation needs in the first phase, a cost has been calculated at EUR 10,000 for an average of 100 dwellings. Such rehabilitation works are expected to include cleaning of wells or water intakes and some repairs to the distribution pipelines. No estimate has as yet been made for individual private wells serving single houses. The following indicates estimated local network costs; Village size N o of houses in setllement Rehab. Costs EUR Size I ,000 Size II ,000 Size III ,000 Size IV over ,000 Transport Roads have not suffered much from the war, but they are degraded due to lack of maintenance. The immediate supply of equipment for their emergency repair as well as the ice and snow clearance equipment are urgently needed (before winter 1999/2000); cost estimated at 4 million EUR. Financial assistance to the public companies in charge of maintenance is needed to restart operating before and during winter. For information, the first year of maintenance has been estimated at 8.4 million EUR. The repair of the 13 destroyed bridges identified is estimated at 9 million EUR. Pristina airport rehabilitation, estimated to 10 million EUR, would have to be completed within 2 years (KFOR not planning to assist longer). 8

9 Conclusions The levels of damage inflicted on the housing stock and local village infrastructure has massively increased since the last report was issued (February 1999). The aim of this Assessment is to give the best possible picture of the damage cost. IMG's initial assessment shows that more than 120,000 houses are damaged in the 29 municipalities of Kosovo. This assessment report contains data on the nature and extent of damages caused to individual buildings and rural/village infrastructure. Most of the damage to the housing has been caused by fire but also by gunfire and artillery. Many areas have been mined, which will cause difficulties in setting up a reconstruction programme. The levels of destruction vary quite considerably from area to area. In some areas, whole villages have been targeted for destruction with almost all houses having been demolished or burned out. In other villages it appears that specific houses were selected for destruction and the surrounding houses have not been damaged. In urban areas there is much evidence of wanton vandalism with shop fronts and house windows having been smashed or shot out with no evidence of any other damage being recorded. Generally the field inspection showed that most of the main buildings in the towns and villages were not affected by severe damage. IMG's estimates of the damage costs for housing amount to 1.1 billion EUR. This figure represents the total value of the damage disregarding that some houses were not completed. To estimate the reconstruction cost on the basis of the estimated value of the damage, two facts should be taken into account: Self-help: the repair will be carried out to a considerable extent by the efforts of the owners themselves, therefore the overall cost of the reconstruction of dwellings might be lower. Reconstruction does not automatically imply that all the houses will be reconstructed and that reconstruction will necessary mean that they will be reinstated. Moreover, the total cost of damages to the basic local infrastructure (education, health, energy and water) is estimated at 40 million EUR. 9

10 IMG GRADES ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY FOR HOUSING Preliminary assessment of damage and cost of total rehabilitation / recommended living standards Walls & Floor Structure Reinforced concrete columns / beams / floor slab, external walls, plaster & painting MAIN BUILDING ELEMENTS AGAINST GRADES OF DAMAGE Internal Construction Wall & floor finishings, WC / shower, water & electrical installations Roof Complete structure, gables, full roof cover, insulations, chimney & flashings Windows and Doors Door and windows including frames, glazing & iron mongery Actual Damage % EC Damage Assessment July 1999 DAMAGE% / COSTS Rehabili tation EUR Recomm. Living Standard EUR CATEGORY 1 2 No damage caused by war activities 0% No damage caused by war activities 0% No visible damage to roof 0% No damage to frames or glass 0% 5% W.: None W.: None W.: None W.: None 10% 1, I Slight external war traces 1% Damage due to lack of maintenance 5% Some tiles missing or damaged 2% Some broken glass, frames intact 3% 15% 2,250 1,463 War traces to be patched & painted W.: Maintenance work and decoration W.: Replace damaged roof tiles W.: Glazing works 20% 3,000 1,950 3 External war traces W.: Numerous patching & painting work required to erase traces of war 2% Misuse of facility due to over- crowding, slight war damage internally 7% Some minor damage by shells 4% Minor damage to frames, broken glass 4% 25% 3,750 2,438 W.: Small repair to water & electricity, decoration work to walls W.: Repair minor damage to roof cover and damaged flashings, gutters and downpipes W.: Repair frames, fit glass, repair existing iron mongery 30% 4,500 2,925 II 4 Mortar & shell perforations 4% War damage reaches internal spaces 12% Damage by large shells 5% Frames damaged, glazing missing 5% 35% 5,250 3,413 W.: Perforations require to be filled by mason, patch externally and paint W.: Some repair to water & electricity, some new floors, decoration work to walls W.: Requires repair to roof cover support and replacement of damaged or missing tiles W.: Repair frames, fit glass, repair existing iron mongery 40% 6,000 3,900 5 Extensive shell perforations, facility only partially habitable W.: Perforations require to be filled by mason to make house habitable, patch externally/paint 5% Extensive damage to internal spaces by shells and misuse / overcrowding W.: Repair of internal surfaces, some new floors, some repair of water & electricity facilities 15% Roof structure damaged by shells but rigid, roof cover partially damaged or missing 7% W.: Localised repair to roof structure, replacement of missing or damaged roof covering material frames, some missing, broken glass, missing iron mongery 6% 45% 6,750 4,388 W.: Repair damaged frames, replace missing ones, fit 50% 7,500 4,875 iron mongery were required, glaze III 6 Extensive war damage particularly through infiltration of rain W.: Requires extensive masonry repair, plastering & painting 6% War damage by shells and / or looting of building material W.: Repair of internal surfaces, floors, refitting of water & electricity 20% roof structure but rigid with members missing, roof cover broken/missing, rain comes in 9% W.: Repair to roof structure, replace missing roof cover, check chimney Window and Door frames damaged or missing, glass and iron mongery missing 7% 55% 8,250 5,363 W.: Repair frames, fit glass, repair and / or fit iron mongery 60% 9,000 5, Extensive war damage with some structural damage, Roof structure damaged, maybe partly burnt with some 8% Extensive damage through the fire 25% damage due to rain infiltration structural parts missing. No roof cover W.: Some repair to structural elements, extensive wall repair to be habitable W.: Extensive repair to walls, floors, water & electricity installations W.: Repair structural roof parts, new roof cover, thermoand hydro-insulation, check chimney Partially destroyed and rain infiltration 9% Partially destroyed and fire 31% Roof burnt, structure partially visible 12% W.: Requires partially new walling, slab between floors, structural elements W.: Extensive repair to walls, floors, water & electricity installations and decoration work W.: New roof structure, gables, roof cover, thermo- and hydro-insulation, check chimney 10% Window and Door frames partially looted or damaged beyond repair 8% 65% 9,750 6,338 W.: Refit new frames were required, fix damaged ones and glazing, fit iron mongery 70% 10,500 6,338 All window and door frames looted damaged beyond repair 9% 75% 11,250 7,313 W.: Refit new frames and glazing 80% 12,000 7,800 IV Heavily destroyed, uninhabitable 10% Heavily destroyed interior 35% Burnt - destroyed roof structure 15% Destroyed or none existent 10% 85% 12,750 8,288 W.: Requires several new external walls / structural elements W.: Requires complete interior: walls, doors, floor & wall finishings, all electrical and sanitary installations W.: New roof structure, gables, roof cover, thermo- and hydro-insulation and chimney W.: Requires new window and door frames, new glazing, iron mongery 90% 13,500 8,775 damage % between The building has very severe damage from either shelling, rain, frost, looting - or a combination - or all. Often not reparable. 10 The cost related to the highest damage percentages usually relates to the building new struc 95% 14,250 9,263 ACTION: A. For each of the four main building elements, find description / grade of damage which is the nearest to the damage visually assessed at the building: Item 'W' below the description roughly define Works to be required. B. The percentage related to each identified grade / description for each main building element to be added to getactual Damage % C. The Actual Damage % to be related to estimated cost for Rehabilitation / Recommended Living Standards 100% 15,000 9,750 App. cost for a dwelling of 75 m 2 The amount is app. 65% of total rehab. 10

11 IMG Standards for the rehabilitation of war-damaged residential buildings (private houses and public / private apartment buildings) In order to harmonise the approach of all donors / agencies engaged in the rehabilitation of dwellings, a set of living standards has been drawn for the rehabilitation programmes. The level of rehabilitation is based on the following principles: the rehabilitation will facilitate the return of the owners / rightful occupants of the dwellings. the rehabilitation will stabilise the living conditions for present residents. the dwelling will be habitable and provide good protection against rain, wind and cold weather. the dwelling will be rehabilitated using marketable good quality materials of commonly used standards. All workmanship to be carried out by trained, experienced persons to a suitable / sustainable standard of a good quality. external traces of war action (larger holes in the external walls which in the long term can cause facade deterioration) will be repaired / reconstructed. the household to be living in the rehabilitated dwelling will as a minimum have the following rooms and facilities at their disposal: 1. One bedroom A min. of 5 m 2 bedroom area per person in the household should be made available. This may be achieved by rehabilitation of additional bedroom(s) 2. One living room area 3. Kitchen area (if originally part of the living room, only one combined kitchen / living room will be rehabilitated) 4. One toilet / bathroom 5. One entrance lobby 6. Water installations and sanitary fittings for the toilet / bathroom and kitchen to be rehabilitated 7. Electrical installations and accessories in the rooms selected for the rehabilitation The aim is to provide the owners / rightful occupants of the residence with a closed habitable unit within the building frame fully protected against the weather. It must be possible to heat all the habitable areas of the unit as one unit The unit shall provide privacy and security also for personal belongings. 11

12 TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION WORK 1. Roofs: Reconstruction of the whole roof structure including original roofing material or a suitable alternative (fixed to the battens). Chimney(s) to be used in relation to heat rehabilitated rooms. Height of the chimney(s) should be min. 50 cm above the ridge. Thermal insulation (according to local conditions) to be applied if the top floor is occupied. Hydro insulation to be applied if attic space is inhabited or if the roof is flat. Gutters to be fixed in areas where rainwater is used in the household or the eaves of the house are less than app. 20 cm wide. All openings in attic to be closed to avoid lifting up the tiles due to wind pressure. All ventilation channels to be lead through the roof construction / material. For apartment buildings additionally ventilation ducts, parapet walls and access doors and other facilities / installations should be repaired / replaced. Apartment buildings are to be equipped with lightening protection, if missing. 2. External Walls: Reconstruction of all external walls, including repair of any load bearing beams and columns using original materials or a suitable alternative. External walls to be plastered in order to cover all signs of damages, in relation to the repairs, if the remaining parts of the building are already plastered. 3. External Openings: Missing windows to be replaced in rooms to be inhabited with the original size windows with thermal insulation glass with suitable glass dimension. Windows may also be wing to wing type. windows and frames are to be repaired, and fitted with single layers of glass in suitable dimension or thermal insulation glass - according to local climate. External doors with standard locks are to be provided for the existing openings. Doors and windows to be painted or protected by a suitable alternative. Windows and external / internal doors are to be provided not only for the rooms to be made habitable, but to be installed in a way and number that secures a weather tight habitable unit. Remaining external openings must be closed against weather and interaction as appropriate. In apartment buildings additionally all windows and doors in the common areas to be repaired / replaced / glazed to pre-damage standard. 4. Internal Doors: Internal doors to be provided to rooms to be inhabited by the household. They will be as originally fitted type, standard flush doors, or suitable alternative, including all iron mongery. Existing doorframes are to be re-used wherever possible, and fitted with new door leaves. Internal doors to be painted or treated by using suitable alternative. 5. Internal Walls: Internal walls in the rooms to be inhabited will be repaired, plastered and decorated with white emulsion paint / white wash. In apartment buildings additionally the walls in the entrance lobby and stairwells should be repaired. 12

13 6. Ceilings: Ceilings will be repaired, plastered and decorated in the rooms to be inhabited to the same standard as the walls. Wooden planed boards used for finishing of ceilings / lean to walls, must be of min. 20mm thickness. Where the ceiling is on the top floor level repair works are to include thermal insulation, if possible to fit correctly. 7. Floors: Ground floor concrete slabs should be finished with a 1/2, tar / bitumen treatment if the ground floor will be inhabited. Untreated wooden floors to be fitted, and insulated with thermal insulation (thickness to be calculated accordingly) if the ground floor will be inhabited. If the floor to be inhabited is an upper floor only untreated wooden floors to be fitted. For bathroom tiles: see 9. Bathroom. In apartment buildings the flooring materials should be similar to pre-damage conditions. This could be vinyl tiles in kitchen and lobby, and parquet floors / carpets in living rooms / bedrooms. 8. Kitchen: The kitchen to be equipped with a app. 150 cm kitchen combination unit (can be smaller where space is limited) equipped with a stainless steel sink, tap(s) and a laminated desktop. Ceramic tiles, or other waterproof finish, to be applied above the unit to a height of 45 cm. A wood burning stove to be provided if necessary, and if not supplied by other donor / agency. 9. Bathroom: The standard of the bathroom should be adjusted to the pre-damage standard / tradition in the specific area / settlement. The bathroom to be fitted with the following: one shower basin or bath tub one 50 cm hand wash basin complete with taps one 50 l electric boiler complete with bath tap / shower fittings one water closet of appropriate design complete with a seat where appropriate Toilet / bathroom floor to be fitted with ceramic floor tiles. Ceramic tiles (or other approved waterproof finish) to be fixed along the bath tub, or in a shower basin / area of minimum 90x90 cm, to a height of app. 170 cm above the floor. Remaining walls to be given waterproof finish. Upper walls to be painted with emulsion paint / white wash. 10. Water installations: / leaking installations in the dwelling to be repaired / replaced. In case of public supply a meter should be installed in manhole with cover. The connection to the public mains should be checked / re-established in co-operation with the utility company. If there is no public supply, but rainwater tank or well, the existing pump to be repaired / connected / provided. Repair, cleaning and desinfection of the rainwater collection / well should be provided. 13

14 11. Electrical Installations: Distribution board (cabinet) including main house fuse(s) next to meter, house fuses, differential circuit breaker and an appropriate meter should be installed and prepared for the connection to the public supply (low voltage network) by installing of house connection set (normal installation for the area). In case of heavy damage to a board (cabinet) inside the dwelling, an approved out door cabinet with all installations, should replace the previous installation. If the low voltage network is rehabilitated in the area, the single piece connection cable / cable in the ground from the board (cabinet) to the network should be connected / reestablished in co-operation with the utility company. Every room up to app. 15 m 2 to be inhabited to be fitted with one light fitting, one light switch and two (in kitchen area 3) earthed safety sockets. Rooms larger than 15 m2 / or combined kitchen - living room / L-shaped room to be fitted with 2 light fittings, 2 switches and 3 earthed safety sockets. The bathroom to be equipped with a waterproof light, one splash proof earthed safety sockets (washing machine a.o.) and a standard light / boiler combination switch. All switches for the bathroom to be placed outside the bathroom. The above standard for the fittings / sockets applies when the room is being replastered. Otherwise the existing network to be used / rehabilitated. In apartment buildings additionally an approved central distribution board with all necessary equipment including main fuse board, two-tariff meter for every apartment, one for the common areas, and tariff clock(s) should be installed. 12. Gas Installations: If already available in the dwelling, and if cost efficient, gas installations use for cooking and / or heating of the dwelling should be rehabilitated in accordance with rules and regulations. 13. Sewerage: / leaking installations to be repaired / replaced. The connection to the public sewerage system should be checked / re-established in coordination with the utility company. If septic tank / soakage pit, it should be checked and, if necessary, cleaned and / or repaired. 14. Lift: Existing lifts to be repaired and made operational complying with all safety requirements. The lifts are also to be provided with new internal safety doors, if missing. 15. Thermal Insulation: Thermal insulation should be installed in compliance with national standards. Sub-roofs, membranes, ventilation voids, etc. must be installed in accordance to current standards. 14

15 16. Heating: A wood burning stove to be provided. Existing individual central heating systems may be renovated if considered cost effective. If rooms to be inhabited are situated on different floors, separate chimney outlets should be provided. In apartment buildings the common central heating system to be repaired wherever existing. As a minimum requirement living room, kitchen, bathroom and if possible bedrooms, are to be provided with suitable radiators. If the common heating system will not be repaired / is not existing wood burning stove to be provided if adequate chimney(s) is existing. Connection to district heating is desirable, if operational. Any works on public network heating outside the boundaries of the apartment building will be the responsibility of others. 17. Structural works: In case of high category of damage, the new structural works should be done in a way to comply with current seismic regulations in the area. If structural works to be done partially on the already existing structure, the works should improve (where possible) seismic safety of the structure. For apartment buildings all structural works to be calculated / dimensioned and supervised by qualified structural engineer. 18. Disabled People: Provisions should be made for disabled people, if any in the household. Door steps and stairs to be avoided and replaced with ramps where possible. Lay-out of rooms and dimensions of doors to allow for wheel chairs. Further works, if necessary, to be carried out to suit individual cases to current standards for disabled people. In apartment buildings areas the access and use of public spaces should be improved as well, as a part of the rehabilitation programme. General: The standards for the rehabilitation of residential buildings will apply unless the donor / implementing agency in their project documentation clearly specifies / justifies any variation (without changing overall goals or the quality level for the rehabilitation) in regard to the proposed level of standards. 15

16 EC Damage Assessment July 1999 Category I 5-20% Examples of damaged dwellings / Category I number of recorded dwellings in Category I I I I I International Management Group 16

17 EC Damage Assessment July 1999 Category II 20-40% Examples of damaged dwellings / Category II number of recorded dwellings in Category II II II II II International Management Group 17

18 EC Damage Assessment July 1999 Category III 40-60% Examples of damaged dwellings / Category III number of recorded dwellings in Category III III III damaged III III International Management Group 18

19 EC Damage Assessment July 1999 Category IV % Examples of damaged dwellings / Category IV number of recorded dwellings in Category IV IV IV damaged IV IV International Management Group 19

20 HOUSING AND LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE DAMAGE - COST ESTIMATES - Summary for each HOUSING EDUCATION HEALTH ELECTRICITY WATER Serbian Albanien GRAND % of Grand % of Grand % of Grand % of Grand % of Grand Decani Deqani 71,712 69, % 1, % % % % Djakovica Gjakovë 49,265 46, % 1, % % % % Glogovac Glogovc 66,933 64, % 1, % % % % Gnjilane Gjilan 30,313 29, % % % % % Gora Gora % % % % % Istok Istog 55,188 54, % % % % % Kos. Kamenica Kamenica e Kosovës 7,387 7, % % % % % Kacanik Kaçaniku 29,933 28, % % % % % Klina Klinë 83,966 81, % 1, % % % % Kosovo Polje Fushë Kosovë 39,198 38, % % % % % Leposavic Leposaviç Lipljan Lipljan 20,393 19, % % % % % Mitrovica Mitrovica e Kosovës 67,902 65, % 1, % % % % Novo Brdo Kodër e Re 1,227 1, % % % % % Obilic Obiliç 19,319 18, % % % % % Orahovac Rahovec 49,705 47, % 1, % % % % Pec Pejë 138, , % 1, % % % % Podujevo Podujevë 78,766 76, % 1, % % % % Pristina Prishtinë 30,860 29, % 1, % % % % Prizren Prizren 31,158 28, % 1, % % % % Srbica Skenderaj 87,355 84, % 1, % % % % Stimlje Shtime 12,805 12, % % % % % Strpce Shtërpce 5,583 5, % % % % % Suva Reka Suka Rekë 64,457 62, % 1, % % % % Urosevac Ferizaj 11,248 10, % % % % % Vitina Vitinë 12,658 12, % % % % % Vucitrn Vushtri 88,404 85, % 1, % % % % Zubin Potok Zubin Potok 2,090 1, % % % % % Zvecan Zveçan % % % % % Kosovo * 1,157,104 1,118, % 20, % 4, % 9, % 4, % *) Estimated costs 20

21 DAMAGE ON HOUSING STOCK - COST ESTIMATES - Summary for each Rehabilitation (EUR) 2,300 5,300 8,300 15,000 Serbian Albanien Decani Deqani 69, ,947 6,502 1, % 2, % 2, , % 11, , % 52, Djakovica * Gjakovë 46, ,285 5,082 1, % 2, % 2, , % 10, , % 31, Glogovac Glogovc 64, ,169 7,302 1, % 3, % 4, , % 20, , % 35, Gnjilane Gjilan 29, ,360 4,076 1, % 3, % 3, % 4, , % 17, Gora Gora % % % % 0.00 Istok Istog 54, ,425 4, % % 2, , % 10, , % 38, Kos. Kamenica Kamenica e Kosovës 7, , % 1, % % % 4, Kacanik Kaçaniku 28, ,051 3,506 1, % 3, % % 2, , % 21, Klina Klinë 81, ,938 8,096 1, % 2, , % 5, , % 19, , % 53, Kosovo Polje Fushë Kosovë 38, ,531 3, % 1, % % 5, , % 31, Leposavic Leposaviç % % % % 0.00 Lipljan Lipljan 19, ,252 2, % 1, % 1, % 5, % 11, Mitrovica Mitrovica e Kosovës 65, ,893 7,011 1, % 2, , % 6, , % 18, , % 38, Novo Brdo Kodër e Re 1, % % % % Obilic Obiliç 18, ,093 2, % 1, % 2, % 6, % 9, Orahovac Rahovec 47, ,018 5, % 2, , % 8, , % 15, , % 21, Pec Pejë 134, ,259 12,428 1, % 3, , % 8, , % 24, , % 99, Podujevo Podujevë 76, ,047 9,201 1, % 4, , % 7, , % 27, , % 36, Pristina * Prishtinë 29, ,255 3,316 1, % 2, % 1, % 3, , % 21, Prizren * Prizren 28, ,847 3, % 1, % 5, , % 8, % 13, Srbica Skenderaj 84, ,792 7, % 1, % 4, , % 23, , % 55, Stimlje Shtime 12, ,928 1, % % 1, % 3, % 6, Strpce Shtërpce 5, , % % % 1, % 3, Suva Reka Suka Rekë 62, ,442 8,277 1, % 4, , % 13, , % 17, , % 26, Urosevac Ferizaj 10, ,996 1, % % 1, % 3, % 0.00 Vitina Vitinë 12, ,720 1, % 2, % 1, % 1, % 7, Vucitrn Vushtri 85, ,840 8, % 2, , % 6, , % 19, , % 57, Zubin Potok Zubin Potok 1, % % % % 1, Zvecan Zveçan % % % % ,118, , ,855 23, % 53, , % 95, , % 264, , % 698, *) In this first quick assessment, we had to limit ourselves to the assessment of the damaged houses only. A more comprehensive assessment of the town will follow. 21

22 Rehabilitation (EUR) 2,300 5,300 8,300 15,000 Decani Decani Town Deçani Town 3, % % % % 1,905 Decani Babaloc Baballoç 1, % 9 4 3% % % 1,695 Decani Beleg Belegu 1, % 9 5 4% % % 1,350 Decani Crnobreg Carabreg 5, % % % % 3,840 Decani Dasinovac Dashinovci % % % % 240 Decani Docaj Gjocaj % - - 0% % % 180 Decani Donja Luka Lluka e Ulët % % % % 300 Decani Donji Streoc Strllci i Poshtëm 3, % % % % 3,000 Decani Drenovac Drenovci 1, % % % % 600 Decani Dubovik Duboviku % % % % 75 Decani Glodane Gloxhani 1, % - - 0% % % 1,800 Decani Gornja Luka Luka e Epërme 1, % % % % 1,215 Decani Gornji Bites Biteshi i Epërm % % % % 120 Decani Gornji Brolic Broliç i Epërm % 161-0% % % 75 Decani Gornji Streoc Strellci i Epërm 4, % % % 1, % 2,340 Decani Gramocel Gramaçel 2, % % % % 1,800 Decani Hulaj Hulaj % % % % 270 Decani Istinic Isniç 3, % % % % 2,115 Decani Jasic Jasiçi % % % % 45 Decani Jasic Jasiçi % - - 0% % % 270 Decani Junik Juniku 15,374 1,360 1, % % % 2, % 11,700 Decani Kodralija Kodrali 1, % % % % 900 Decani Ljubusa Lubizhda 1, % % % % 600 Decani Ljumbarda Lumbardhi % % % % 480 Decani Locan Loçani 1, % % % % 1,020 Decani Maznik Maznik % % % % 615 Decani Papracane Prapaçan % % % % 180 Decani Pobrde Pobrgje 2, % % % % 1,980 Decani Pozar Pozhari % % % % 600 Decani Prekoluka Prekollok % - 1 2% % % 525 Decani Prilep Prilep 3, % % 21-0% % 3,615 Decani Rastavica Rastovica 1, % % % % 1,380 Decani Ratis Ratishi 1, % % % % 960 Decani Rznic Rzniç 3, % 7 8 3% % % 3,060 Decani Saptej Shapteji % % % % 450 Decani Sulup Sullupi % 5 4 6% % % 750 Decani Voska Vokshi 1, % 2 7 9% % % 825 Decani Villages 65,967 6,352 6, % 2, % 2,512 1,230 20% 10,209 3,398 57% 50,970 Decani 69,598 6,947 6,502 1,095 17% 2, % 2,846 1,345 21% 11,164 3,525 54% 52,875 number of Town / villages Number of town / villages assessed Number of damaged town / villages

23 Rehabilitation (EUR) 2,300 5,300 8,300 15,000 Djakovica Djakovica Town * Gjakovë Town 4, % % % 1, % 2,850 Djakovica Babaj Boks Babaj Bokës % % % % 600 Djakovica Bardonic Bordoniçi % % % 58-0% - Djakovica Batusa Batusha 1, % % % % 315 Djakovica Bec Beci % % % % 255 Djakovica Berjah Berjah % - - 0% % % 345 Djakovica Brdosan Brdosana % 7-0% - - 0% - - 0% - Djakovica Brekovac Berkoc % - - 0% % % 45 Djakovica Brovina Brovina 1, % % % % 630 Djakovica Crmlja Crmljan 3, % % % % 2,700 Djakovica Dalas Dalashi % 18-0% % % 195 Djakovica Damnjane Damjani 1, % % % % 1,080 Djakovica Deva Deva % - - 0% % % 240 Djakovica Doblibare Doblibarë % - - 0% - - 0% % 30 Djakovica Dobric Dobrigjë % - - 0% % % 210 Djakovica Dobros Dobroshi % % % % 675 Djakovica Donji Bites Bitesh i Poshtëm % % % % 135 Djakovica Dujak Dujaka % % % % 240 Djakovica Duznje Dushnje % 23-0% % % 45 Djakovica Elec Hereç 1, % % % % 1,230 Djakovica Feraj Feraj % % % % 150 Djakovica Firza Firza % 87-0% - 4 9% % 15 Djakovica Goden Godeni % - - 0% % % 195 Djakovica Gorcin Grçina 2, % - - 0% % 1, % 1,800 Djakovica Grgoc Grgoci % - - 0% % % 525 Djakovica Guska Guska % % % % 60 Djakovica Jablanica Jabllanica 1, % % % % 900 Djakovica Jahoc Jahoc % % 27-0% - - 0% - Djakovica Kodralija Kodrali % 2-0% % % 135 Djakovica Korenica Korenica % % % % 60 Djakovica Kosare Kosharë % % % % 165 Djakovica Kraljne Kreljan 1, % % % % 1,350 Djakovica Lipova Lipovec 1, % - - 0% % % 945 Djakovica Madanaj Madanaj % 5 2 7% % % 105 Djakovica Marmula Marmulë % % 5-0% - - 0% - Djakovica Maros Maroshi % - - 0% % % 315 Djakovica Mece Meqa % % % % 60 Djakovica Meja Meja % % % % 375 Djakovica Molic Mulliqi 1, % % % % 900 Djakovica Morina Morinë % % % % 300 Djakovica Muhader Muhadri % % % %

24 Rehabilitation (EUR) 2,300 5,300 8,300 15,000 Djakovica Nec Nec % % % % 210 Djakovica Nivokaz Nivokaz 1, % % % % 900 Djakovica Osek Hilja Osek Hilja % 46-0% - 1 4% 8 2 9% 30 Djakovica Pacaj Pacaj % % % % 210 Djakovica Paljabarda paljbardhi % 5-0% - - 0% % 15 Djakovica Piskote Piskotë 2, % % % % 1,050 Djakovica Pjancor Plançori % % 16-0% - - 0% - Djakovica Pnis Pnishi % - - 0% % % 60 Djakovica Ponosevac Ponoshec 1, % % % % 975 Djakovica Popovac Popoc % - - 0% % % 255 Djakovica Raca Racaj % % % % 750 Djakovica Rakovina Rakovinë % 5 2 3% % % 720 Djakovica Ramoc Ramoç % % % % 210 Djakovica Raskoc Rashkovci % 9 2 6% % % 270 Djakovica Rezina Rezina % 2-0% - - 0% - - 0% - Djakovica Ripaj Rypaj % 5-0% % % 30 Djakovica Rogovo Rogovë 1, % 237-0% - - 0% % 900 Djakovica Seremet Sheremetaj % % % % 210 Djakovica Sisman Shishman % % % % 645 Djakovica Skivjan Skivjani 1, % 375-0% % % 750 Djakovica Smonica Smolicë 1, % - 5 4% % % 1,050 Djakovica Sopot Sopoti % % 11-0% - - 0% - Djakovica Stubla Stublla % - - 0% % % 675 Djakovica Trakanic Trakaniqi % 5-0% - - 0% - - 0% - Djakovica Ujz Ujzi % % % 50-0% - Djakovica Vogovo Vogovë % % % % 225 Djakovica Vranic Vraniçi % - - 0% % % 30 Djakovica Zabelj Zhabeli % % % % 90 Djakovica Zderaja Zhdrelë % 74-0% - - 0% - 3 9% 45 Djakovica Zub Zhubi % 74-0% - 2 5% % 45 Djakovica Zulfaj Zylfaj % - - 0% % % 180 Djakovica Villages Djakovica 42,141 6,740 4,537 1,165 26% 2, % 2,184 1,063 23% 8,823 1,897 42% 28,455 46,948 7,285 5,082 1,295 25% 2, % 2,555 1,218 24% 10,109 2,087 41% 31,305 number of Town / villages Number of town / villages assessed Number of damaged town / villages *) In this first quick assessment, we had to limit ourselves to the assessment of the damaged houses only. A more comprehensive assessment of the town will follow. 24

25 Rehabilitation (EUR) 2,300 5,300 8,300 15,000 Glogovac Glogovac Town Gllogovci Town 2, % % % 1, % 660 Glogovac Banjica Baincë 1, % % % % 885 Glogovac Berisa Berishë % % 42-0% - - 0% - Glogovac Dobrosevac Dobroshefc 2, % % % % 1,740 Glogovac Domanek Domanik 1, % - 3 2% % % 585 Glogovac Donja Fustica Fushticë e Ulët 1, % % % % 915 Glogovac Donja Koretica Koroticë e Ulët % % % % 285 Glogovac Donji Zabel Zabeli i Ulët % % % % 225 Glogovac Gladno Selo Gllanasellë 2, % % % % 1,725 Glogovac Globare Gllobarë % % % % 255 Glogovac Godance Godanc 1, % - 4 4% % % 735 Glogovac Gornja Fustica Fushticë e Epërme % % 5 5 6% % 180 Glogovac Gornja Koretica Koreticë e Epërme 1, % % % % 570 Glogovac Gornje Obrinje Obrija e Epërme 2, % % % % 1,575 Glogovac Gornji Zabel Zabeli i Epërm % % % 8-0% - Glogovac Gradica Gradicë 1, % % % % 1,485 Glogovac Kisna Reka Kizharekë 1, % % % % 1,065 Glogovac Komorane Komoran 4, % % % 1, % 1,860 Glogovac Krajkovo Krajkovë 1, % % % % 465 Glogovac Lapusnik Llapushnik 3, % % % 1, % 1,950 Glogovac Likosane Likoshan 2, % % % % 1,410 Glogovac Negrovce Negrovc 1, % % % % 945 Glogovac Nekovce Nekoc 4, % % % 1, % 2,355 Glogovac Novi Poklek Pokleku i RI % % % % 285 Glogovac Novo Citakovo Çikatova e Re % 690-0% % % 90 Glogovac Orlate Orllat 4, % % % 1, % 2,445 Glogovac Poluza Polluzhë 2, % % % 1, % 885 Glogovac Stankovce Sankoc % % % % 135 Glogovac Stari Poklek Pokleku i Vjetër 1, % % % % 960 Glogovac Staro Cikatovo Çikatovë e Vjetër 1, % % % % 1,080 Glogovac Strumblovo Shtrumbullovë % - - 0% % 8-0% - Glogovac Stutica Shtuticë % % % % 480 Glogovac Trdevac Tërdevc % % % % 150 Glogovac Trpeza Tërpezë 1, % % % % 1,440 Glogovac Trstenik Tërstenik 5, % % % 1, % 3,585 Glogovac Vasiljevo Vasilevë 1, % 5 7 6% % % 870 Glogovac Vrbovac Vërbovc 1, % % % % 1,275 25