Development Progress

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Abner Bryant
5 years ago
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1 S ' A E R T I R E : Y R STO h l a h ss g P : a E ffcv s Cs l v a m c s g l a ad v c psp ls amu a z Ps a Rm ígu Rd a S d F Dvlpm Pgss Dvlpm Pgss

Pgss halh Ea: Cs-ffcv -scal vs ad a lg-m pspcv Ky mssags 1.

Aas f achvm clud: fa ad chld maly as; mmusa cvag; malaa maly ad mbdy; ad HIV pvalc. 2.

2 Pgss halh Ea: Cs-ffcv -scal vs ad a lg-m pspcv Ky mssags 1. Dsp pfud pvy, Ea s xpcd achv h Mllum Dvlpm Gals (MDGs) halh gal ad chld halh pacula. Aas f achvm clud: fa ad chld maly as; mmusa cvag; malaa maly ad mbdy; ad HIV pvalc. 2. Eas cmmm, bh a hm ad abad, h dvlpm f halh ad duca s ld by h gvm, whch a h sam m as gh cl f pgamms ad plcs. 3. Ou f cssy, Eas xpc adapg advs ccumsacs has gv hm h capacy dvlp vav mul-scal appachs halh. I add, cmmuy vlvm has abld mpvd halh-skg bhavus as wll as wdspad buy-. Dvlpm Pgss ss

3 Ea s f h fw cus xpcd achv h MDGs halh, chld halh pacula. Summay Tw-hds f Ea s ppula lvs blw h aal pvy l, ad h vas majy ual aas. Th uggd pgaphy ad hash clma, cupld wh h 30-ya wa f dpdc, hav ld wdspad cmc hadshp ad fd scuy. Th gvm maas a plcy f cmc auaky, whl scg f ps ad ghg s cl v bh h cmy ad scy gal a appach ha has ld accusas f auhaa ad v dcaal ul. Nhlss, Ea s f h fw cus xpcd achv h MDGs halh, chld halh pacula. Ifa ad chld maly as hav ducd damacally; mmusa cvag has ckd; malaa maly ad mbdy hav plummd; ad HIV pvalc has alms halvd a vy sh pd. Ths ca b abud h hgh psa f halh ad duca ad a sg cmmm dvlpm amg Eas, as wll as vav mul-scal appachs halh. Fally, sp f hghly calsd cl ad lav plcal sla, gvm cmmm ad wshp hav playd a ky l succssful halh ucms. Wha has b achvd? Ea s a cuy facg sgfca dvlpm challgs. Is plcal sysm mas lagly clsd ad basc huma fdms a by mas scu. 1 Ea has, vhlss, achvd makabl pgss ky halh dcas, pgss whch has als gally b dsbud quably wh scy. Pgss h scs,.g. wa ad saa ad duca, has als cbud mpvd halh ucms. I s mpa ha, wg h lav sla f Ea, fma ad sucs a ly xmly lmd bu als paculaly plcsd ad plasd. Addally, wha xss s xmly pachy, hc h vayg daa pds fud Tabl 1. Sgly mpvd lf xpcacy ad ducd chld maly Lf xpcacy a bh w fm yas Ifa (0-1 ya ld) ad udfv maly (0-5) hav bh shw xaday mpvms: h fm w fm dahs p 1,000 lv bhs ad h la fm bw 1975 ad Tabl 1: Ky dcas f pgss 1 Th* Nw* Suc Lf xpcacy 39.1 (1960) 59.5 (2008) Wld DaaBak Ud fv maly a p 1,000 lv bhs 205 (1975) 58.2 (2008) Wld DaaBak MDG Idcas Immusa cvag (masls) 34% (1993) 95% (2008) MDG Idcas Chld udwgh 43.7% (1995) 38.4% (2002) DHS 1995/DHS 2002 Maal maly a p 100,000 lv bhs 998 (1995) 450 (2005) WHO 2009 Aaal ca cvag 48.9% (1995) 70.3%(2002) DHS 1995/DHS 2002 Bhs add by sklld halh psl 20.6% (1995) 28.3% (2002) DHS 1995/DHS 2002 Halh fasucu 16 hspals 4 halh cs 106 halh sas (1991) 25 hspals 52 halh cs 180 halh sas 113 clcs (2008) MH (2008) WHO (2009) Physcas (p 1,000 ppl) 0.2 (1993) 0.5 (2004) Wld DaaBak 1 Ea s aks 165 u f 182 h 2007 huma dvlpm Idx (HDI). 2 Wld DaaBak.

A ky fac hs s h makabl mpvm mmusa cvag, whch has als b dsbud qually acss cm quls (Fgu 1). Impssv suls hav b achvd ual aas, wh h umb f chld vaccad agas masls alms dubld sv yas, fm 40.7% 78.

4 A ky fac hs s h makabl mpvm mmusa cvag, whch has als b dsbud qually acss cm quls (Fgu 1). Impssv suls hav b achvd ual aas, wh h umb f chld vaccad agas masls alms dubld sv yas, fm 40.7% 78.5%, wh h ual-uba gap ducg by 67%. Fgu 1: O-ya-ld chld mmusd agas masls by cm qul, 1995 ad % pcag Ps 1995 Chld u achvms Achvms hav b lss mpssv chld u, bu udwgh pvalc amg chld sll dcasd by 12% ad sv udwgh pvalc by 28%. Th walhs quls shw ga ducs ha h ps, bu ual aas hav s ga ducs ha uba aas. Rducd maal maly ad casd aaal ca ad bh adac Maal maly dppd by m ha half fm , alhugh h fgu s sll hgh. Th has als b casd us f aaal ca (ANC) ad bh adac by sklld saff. Th gap bw bm ad p quls ducd f ANC bu casd f bh adac, v hugh h lws qul mpvd by 46% dug h pd cmpad wh 19% f h chs wm. 3 DHS ad MICS. 4 hp://g.wldbak.g/0f0zmfb6u0. 5 WHO (2009) Cuy Cpa Sagy Bazzavll: WHO Rgal Offc f Afca Scd Mddl Fuh Walhs Dcasd malaa maly ad mbdy ad lw HIV pvalc By 2006, malaa mbdy had dcasd by 74%, maly by 85% ad cas faaly by 78%. Th umb f cass p 100,000 plugd by 92% bw 1998 ad Mawhl, HIV pvalc mad lw, ad v ducd amg pga wm adg ANC, fm 2.42% % Ifasucu ad psl Ifasucu, paculaly ual aas, has xpadd. Hwv, h sc sll suffs fm a sus shag f sklld psl, wh h umb f physcas casg fm ly p 1000 ppula. Wha has dv chag? Capacy adap advs ccumsacs A fcus slf-lac, paculaly dug yas f wa, has hlpd Eas b flxbl wh facg advs ccumsacs ad has ld h dvlpm f vav slus h halh sc. Exampls a mbl clcs ach m ppulas csd aas ad h acklg f psl shags by ag cmmuy mmbs ad achs as halh wks. Gvm cmmm lg-m vsms huma capal Ea s ladshp usd h sf wh Ehpa dvlp a ss f ahd, gadlss f hcy lg. Dug h wa, h Ea Ppl's Lba F (EPLF) dmd halh ad duca ssal vsms h cuy s fuu af dpdc, wh chld a p py. Pgamms hav suvvd sp f pacd wa, dugh, fam ad a gal lack f sucs. F xampl, l wh h sac f slf-lac, ad dsp s lav sla, Ea has casd s umb f sklld halh pfssals by sg up ag cllgs ad schls. Dvlpm Pgss ss

5 Gvm cmmm lg-m vsms huma capal s f h dvs f chag. Th l f h daspa Th Ea daspa has playd a sgfca l, hughu h wa ad dug csuc, facally 6 ad plcally bu als hugh sklls asfs (.g. pvs f mdcal ca, ag f cllagus ad baf dcs dug h wa). May ud Ea j h wa; hs ud af dpdc cbu csuc. Dsp mxd glbal pcps f Ea s plcal sua, daspa gups play a l pmg ad faclag cllaba ad pashps bw h Msy f Halh ad mdcal gasas, uvss, -gvmal gasas ad dcs fm h cus. Owshp f plcs ad pashps wh ds I sp f Ea s hc f slf-lac ad a lglasg cvsal lashp wh h aal cmmuy, ad accus f aud -qua f h cuy s gss dmsc pduc ad has b sumal mpvms halh (up w-hds f publc halh spdg dpds d asssac). Whl mag sgly cmmd pcpls f aal wshp, h gvm pas wh h d cmmuy ssus ha alg wh s w ps. Such pashps ly bg muchdd sucs bu als hlp susa pgss mad halh. O xampl s h gvm s pashp wh h UN Chld s Fud dlv h wdly succssful mmusa campag. I-scal appach halh Cls cda bw h halh ad duca scs dug h wa was fmalsd af dpdc h -scal Schl, Halh ad Nu Pjc whch, fm kdga scday schl, addsss h spcfc ds f chld ad yuh. 7 Th gvm alsd ha h ly sus hughu h cuy ha culd ach v h ms m aas w schls ad achs. Usg hs as a mchasm mplm halh vs, h gvm ad achs as halh wks. Tasks clud gula mg ad scg f suds f basc halh pblms, as wll as lcug halh duca (u, hyg, HIV ad AIDS pv ad lf sklls). Dvlpm Pgss ss Succssful vs vlvg cmmuy pacpa Th gvm cgss h vlvm f cmmus ual aas as a ffcv ad affdabl way f pvg dsas ad pmg pmay halh ca. Cmmus hav b ad ad awass has b asd, sulg mpvd halh-skg bhavus ad halh svcs bg bugh cls h cmmuy. F xampl, cmmuy vlvm succssful mmusa campags, whch a y ps f maal ad chld halh vs, has b ccal mpvg upak f svcs ad ducg dpu. 8 Oh vs clud Cmmuy Igad Maagm f Chldhd Illss ad Cmmuy-Basd Thapuc Fdg, as wll as h Naal Malaa Cl Pgamm ad h HIV ad AIDS Pgamm. Lsss la A sg gvm, wh h ably mva ad mbls ppl bhd a cla gal, mgs as ky pgss Ea, dsp accusas f auhaasm ad plcal pss. Th EPLF has maagd ga a uqu ss f cmmuy amg a dvs gup f hcs ad lgs. Ivlvm f h daspa s clsly lkd wh h da f uy f h ga gd. Ivsm huma capal as a ky dv f dvlpm has b f val mpac. Th gvm fsaw fuu ds ad mad lg-m vsms halh ad duca, alhugh hs has as y smmd wdspad pvy. Gvm wshp f dvlpm pjcs ad pgamms s mpa su susaably ad cmmm gals, as wll as avd updcabl shfs d ps ad/ facal cmmms. Hwv, lss plcal sla mgh als pm pgss aas such as cmc gwh, wh h cuy has b s succssful. 6 Th gvm cllcs a vluay 2% ax f ags abad ad pva macs sgfcaly xcd ffcal dvlpm asssac. 7 Wld Bak (2008) O Chldhd. Dcumay Flm Schl Halh ad Ealy Chld Dvlpm Ea. Asmaa: Wld Bak. 8 Msy f Halh (2004) Th Sa f Ea Msy f Halh Facal Susaably. Pla f h EPI. Rp GAVI.

Cmmuy pacpa ad vlvm halh svc dlvy, bsds hlpg allva shags f sklld saff, has bugh svcs cls h cmmuy. Ths has als had a mpa mpac awass a cmmuy lvl ad, as such, has mvd bas h dssma f halh fma.

6 A sg udsadg ad dw--ah assssm f h sucs avalabl fs dvlpm cuags bh alsc acs ad cmm-ss plcs. Mawhl, f fw sucs had b dvd dfc ad wa, pgss h scs mgh als hav b vsbl. Effcv cda amg scs avds duplca f ffs ad allws f cs-ffcv pjcs. I h Ea halh sc, wha mgh hav csud valy bw mss has b asfmd ppus scal up svcs m ffcly. Cmmuy pacpa ad vlvm halh svc dlvy, bsds hlpg allva shags f sklld saff, has bugh svcs cls h cmmuy. Ths has als had a mpa mpac awass a cmmuy lvl ad, as such, has mvd bas h dssma f halh fma. Addally, has fcd a ss f blgg ad f cbug wads h cmm gd. Ovsas Dvlpm Isu 111 Wsms Bdg Rad Ld SE1 7JD Ud Kgdm Tl:+44 (0) Fax:+44 (0) Ths bf s a abdgd vs f a sach pap ad s f 24 dvlpm pgss ss bg lasd a Th dvlpm pgss ss pjc cmmucas ss f cuy-lvl pgss fm aud h wld, ulg wha has wkd dvlpm ad why. Th pjc shwcass xampls f usadg pgss acss gh ma aas f dvlpm. Yu ca fd u m abu h pjc, mhdlgy ad daa sucs usd a Ths publca s basd sach fudd by h Bll & Mlda Gas Fuda. Th fdgs ad ccluss cad wh a hs f h auhs ad d cssaly flc pss plcs f h Bll & Mlda Gas Fuda. Ph cds fm p bm Flck/Cas Bk. Ea Flck/ Sv Evas. Ehpa Flck/ Cas Bk. Ea Flck/ Chals Rffy. Ea Flck/ Jacp O. Ea Ovsas Dvlpm Isu ODI s h UK s ladg dpd hk ak aal dvlp m ad humaaa ssus. ODI hlds h cpygh f all ODI publcas, whch a subjc UK cpygh law. ODI wlcms quss f pmss pduc ad dssma s wk, as lg as hy a bg sld cmmcally. As cpygh hld, ODI quss du ackwldgm ad a cpy f h publca. Th vws psd hs pap a hs f h auhs ad d cssaly ps h vws f ODI. Ovsas Dvlpm Isu 2010

Blues. Low strength blue with a green face and red flop. A blue used when increased mixing accuracy is desired. Phthalo Greenish Blue

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