Northwest Timberlands

Transcription

1 Seral Stage and Patch Size Distribution Analyses for the North Coast Timber Supply Area March 25, 2008 Funded by: Forest Investment Account through Triumph Timber Ltd. Project # Contract Admin #: Patch/Seral Prepared by: Rick Brouwer, RPF Ltd. Limited 2803 Kenney Street Terrace, BC Canada V8G 3E6 Tel: Fax: Web:

2 Acknowledgements Thanks to Shannon Pearce at Triumph Timber for her patience with this project. Thanks to Wendy Rolston and Jim Knox of Magellan Digital Mapping for their work with the dataset. Thanks also to the representativies of local licencees for their interest in this project, and for providing block data, thereby making this project applicable and useable. Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc ii

3 Executive Summary An analysis of the forest cover information was conducted to determine the seral and patch distributions for s within the North Coast Timber Supply Area. This analysis was carried out at two points in time: at the end of 2006, and then at the end of 2011, after aging the forest cover and including projected harvesting. There are instances where seral stage imbalances exist on a proportional basis for licensees who have Forest Development Units that do not fully overlap with s. These cases should be reviewed to address the imbalances and ensure that they do not affect other licensees. Information is provided on mid-seral and old seral constraints for Site Series Surogates as defined in the Central and North Coast Order. In addition, analyses to support the implementation of objectives for important fisheries watersheds and for upland streams are also provided, identifying areas that should be reviewed in more depth. Patch size distribution results for the North Coast TSA are provided. This information should limit conflicts between licencees when proceeding with block development, and will inform both licencee and Ministry of Forests and Range staff when considering the potential for cumulative impacts on the forest landbase. Information is also provided for the seral stage, special resource management zones, and patch size distribution results for licencee Forest Development Units within Landscapoe Units, and tables are provided for licencees to review their specific situations. Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc iii

4 Table of Contents Executive Summary... iii 1. Introduction Methodology Results and Discussion Seral Stage Consolidated seral stage information (All s, all licensees) Seral Stage information for Licencee Forest Development Units that overlap with Landscape Units Ecosystem-Based Management (Central and North Coast Order) Important Fisheries Watersheds Upland Streams Critical Grizzly Bear Habitat Patch Size Overall patch size distribution results (all s, all licensees) Consolidated patch size distribution information (all s, all licensees) Patch Size Distribution information for Licencee Forest Development Units that overlap with s Conclusions...57 Sources of Information:...58 Appendix A: Process algorithm for Seral stage and Patch size distribution analysis (North Coast Forest District)...59 Appendix B: Patch Size and Seral Stage Procedure...2 Appendix C: Seral Stage Tables by Licencee FDU...6 Appendix D: Central and North Coast Order Tables by Licencee...7 Appendix E: Patch Size Distribution Tables by Licencee...1 Appendix F: A guide for using the Seral Stage and Patch Size Distribution Analysie for the North Coast Timber Supply Area (March 2008)...1 Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc iv

5 1. Introduction This project is a roll-up and update of information that was prepared in support of implementation of the Central and North Coast Order (CNCO), and for measurement of cumulative forest impacts within the North Coast Forest District. The project involves updating the age, attribute, activity, and opening fields in a forest cover data set to make it current to December 31, 2006, and then carrying out patch and seral stage distribution analysis by landscape unit and forest development unit. This data is then trended forward for a five year period, and projected harvesting is added in. This analysis will allow licensees to evaluate their situation in achieving the targets for Landscape Units (LU) in accordance with the CNCO. No licensee is obligated to roll this information up across the Forest District this would be something that the Ministry of Forests and Range (MoFR) or the Integrated Land Management Bureau (ILMB) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Lands might do. The benefit of rolling the information up across the Forest District is that all parties in the District end up with a similar data set and a reproducible process for ongoing monitoring and evaluation of the LU targets. This will also be of benefit to MoFR and ILMB for monitoring purposes. Seral stage data is separated into four age ranges: early, mid-seral, mature, and old. These seral stages have slightly different age parameters, depending on the biogeoclimatic variant and Natural Disturbance Type (NDT) that an area falls within. The target distribution amounts for the mid and old seral stages within each LU are based on the CNCO. Patch size distribution is evaluated against three patch size ranges: small (less than 40 ha), mid-sized (40 to 80 ha), and large ( ha). Patches are groupings of similarly aged openings that are adjacent to another. Adjacent is defined as contiguous, or separated by less than 200 m of forest of a different seral stage, or by natural non-forested features less than 75 m wide. The targets for patch size distribution are the same for NDTs 1 and 2 in the North Coast Forest District. There is no NCT 3 or NDT 4 within the North Coast Forest District. NDT 5 is alpine forest and will not be impacted by forest operations, so it is not included in this report. The data is also used to measure consistency with Objectives identified in the CNCO for Important Fisheries Watersheds and for Upland Forests. Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 5

6 2. Methodology In general, the steps required to carry out this project are Review and clean base data set Update data with information from licensees, ILMB, and MoFR to a common time frame Perform Seral stage analysis Perform Patch Size Distribution analysis Summarize results in tabular format The base data set used for this project is a combination of data for the North Coast Forest District, starting with the Vegetation Resource Inventory data downloaded from the Land and Resource Data Warehouse, and augmented and updated with information from the timber supply review dataset prepared by the Defined Forest Area Management group for the North Coast, as well as a further refinement of the same TSR dataset provided by the BC Ministry of Forests and Range. Review, cleaning, and updating of the data set was performed by Magellan Digital Mapping, and involved the acquisition of information from affected licensees and BC Timber Sales. This information included data on logging history, proposed harvest units for the period for all licensees, and Forest Development Unit (FDU) boundaries where they were available. FDU boundaries were provided by licensees: BC Timber Sales, Coast Tsimshian Resources Limited Partnership, Metlakatla Development Corporation, Sonora Logging Ltd, and Triumph Ttimber Ltd. Seral analyses included overlapping licensee FDU boundaries with s (LU), and determining the areas of mid and old seral stages in both BEC variants and Natural Disturbance Types that fall within the FDUs in a. The seral data was also used to compare watershed-level information with targets set out in the CNCO for Important Fisheries Watersheds and for Upland Forest areas within 1:50,000 forest atlas watersheds. Patch analyses included calculating the area of patches that fall within similar groupings, by both FDU and LU. Tables are produced to summarise the areas by both, and by FDU for both the Seral and the Patch analyses. A detailed algorithm process is provided in Appendices A and B. Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 6

7 3. Results and Discussion The primary products from this project are tables that summarise the distribution of seral stages and patch sizes for s, and for watersheds identified in the Central and North Coast Order (CNCO). In addition, patch and seral information is provided regarding the portions of FDUs that fall with the LUs. This will allow licensees and the MoFR to monitor and evaluate whether CNCO targets are being achieved, or whether progress is being made towards achieving the targets Seral Stage The following tables provide information on the distribution of seral stages across landscape units. s are red-flagged as not achieving the seral stage targets Consolidated seral stage information (All s, all licensees) The following tables provide data for three seral stage groupings (early, mature plus old, and old) by biogeoclimatic (BGC) variant within a. A variance is calculated between the targetted seral stage limit, and the actual seral stage distribution.a red flag is identified where the variance is within 100 ha of the target or the BGC variant and NDT type within a. When the target threshold has been exceeded (early) or is in deficit (mature + old, old), negative numbers are denoted (in red with parentheses). A blank cell means that there is no red flag for this BEC variant.this data is presented at two stages (end of 2006, and end of 2011). To determine if the trend is in the right direction, specific red flag variants can be compared between 2006 and When comparing the 2006 with the 2011 data, there will be a few instances when a BEC variant is in one table and not the other. This is due to there being no area in that variant at that time. For example, if there were no early forests in an area in 2006, but there was logging projected for the period , then the variant will show up in the 2011 table. Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 7

8 Table 1: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2006 Table 1: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2006 (<%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 8 Anyox CWH wm AU (44.2) (29.3) Yes Anyox CWH wm AU Anyox CWH wm AU (50.0) (9.4) Yes Anyox CWH wm AU (12.6) (153.7) Yes Anyox CWH wm AU Anyox MH mm 1 AU Anyox MH mm 1 AU (28.2) (479.7) Yes Aristazabal CWH vh 2 AU Aristazabal CWH vh 2 AU Banks CWH vh 2 AU (28.7) (3.0) Yes Belle Bay CWH wm AU Belle Bay CWH wm AU Belle Bay CWH wm AU Belle Bay MH mm 1 AU Belle Bay MH wh 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 2 AU (15.6) (7.4) Yes Big Falls CWH vm 2 AU Big Falls MH mm 1 AU Big Falls MH mm 1 AU Bishop CWH vh 2 AU (50.0) (11.9) Yes Bishop CWH vh 2 AU Bishop CWH vh 2 AU (15.8) (2.6) Yes Bishop CWH vh 2 AU (3.5) (15.4) Yes Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU (9.7) (2.7) Yes Bishop CWH vm 1 AU (9.5) (9.3) Yes Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop MH mm 1 AU Bishop MH mm 1 AU Bishop MH mm 1 AU Brown CWH vh 2 AU (50.0) (2.1) Yes Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU (50.0) (1.4) Yes Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 2 AU Brown MH mm 1 AU Brown MH mm 1 AU Brown MH wh 1 AU Brown MH wh 1 AU Captain CWH vh 2 AU (40.1) (12.3) Yes Captain CWH vh 2 AU Captain MH wh 1 AU Captain MH wh 1 AU

9 Table 1: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2006 (<%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 9 Chambers CWH vm 1 AU Chambers CWH vm 2 AU Chambers MH mm 1 AU Chapple CWH vh 2 AU (49.3) (25.3) Yes Chapple CWH vh 2 AU Chapple CWH vh 2 AU (20.7) (3.9) Yes Chapple CWH vh 2 AU Chapple MH wh 1 AU Chapple MH wh 1 AU Dundas CWH vh 2 AU Dundas CWH vh 2 AU (50.0) (1.6) Yes Gil CWH vh 2 AU (46.1) (43.9) Yes Gil CWH vh 2 AU Gil CWH vh 2 AU Gil MH wh 1 AU (49.9) (0.0) Yes Gil MH wh 1 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU (4.6) (3.4) Yes Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell MH wh 1 AU (1.4) (0.1) Yes Gribbell MH wh 1 AU Gribbell MH wh 1 AU (100.0) (3.9) Yes Gribbell MH wh 1 AU Gribbell MH wh 1 AU Hartley CWH vh 2 AU Hartley CWH vh 2 AU Hartley CWH vh 2 AU Hartley CWH vh 2 AU Hartley CWH vh 2 AU (15.1) (8.1) Yes Hartley CWH vh 2 AU Hartley CWH vh 2 AU Hartley MH wh 1 AU Hartley MH wh 1 AU (36.4) (6.1) Yes Hartley MH wh 1 AU Hawkes CWH vh 2 AU Hawkes CWH vh 2 AU Hawkes CWH vh 2 AU Hawkes MH wh 1 AU Hawkes MH wh 1 AU Helmcken CWH vh 2 AU (14.3) (1.7) Yes Helmcken CWH vh 2 AU Helmcken CWH vh 2 AU Helmcken MH wh 1 AU Hevenor CWH vh 2 AU Hevenor CWH vh 2 AU Hevenor CWH vh 2 AU Hevenor MH wh 1 AU Hevenor MH wh 1 AU Johnston CWH vm 1 AU Johnston CWH vm 1 AU Johnston CWH vm 1 AU (0.4) (1.4) Yes Johnston CWH vm 1 AU Johnston CWH vm 1 AU Johnston CWH vm 1 AU Johnston CWH vm 2 AU Johnston CWH vm 2 AU

10 Table 1: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2006 (<%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 10 Johnston CWH vm 2 AU Johnston MH mm 1 AU Kaien CWH vh 2 AU Kaien CWH vh 2 AU (25.4) (135.3) Yes Kaien CWH vh 2 AU Kaien CWH vh 2 AU Kaien CWH vh 2 AU Kaien MH wh 1 AU (49.9) (0.0) Yes Kaien MH wh 1 AU Khtada CWH vm 1 AU Khtada CWH vm 1 AU (34.7) (149.2) Yes Khtada CWH vm 1 AU Khtada CWH vm 1 AU Khtada CWH vm 2 AU (50.0) (1.3) Yes Khtada MH mm 1 AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH vm 1 AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH vm 1 AU (13.2) (11.4) Yes Khutzeymateen Park CWH vm 1 AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH vm 1 AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH vm 2 AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH wm AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH wm AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH wm AU Khutzeymateen Park MH mm 1 AU (100.0) (2.9) Yes Khutzeymateen Park MH mm 1 AU Khutzeymateen Park MH mm 1 AU Khyex CWH vm 1 AU (0.9) (1.9) Yes Khyex CWH vm 1 AU Khyex CWH vm 1 AU Khyex CWH vm 1 AU Khyex CWH vm 1 AU Khyex CWH vm 2 AU (50.0) (3.2) Yes Khyex CWH vm 2 AU Khyex MH mm 1 AU Kitkiata CWH vm 1 AU Kitkiata MH mm 1 AU Kitsault CWH wm AU (18.0) (10.6) Yes Kitsault CWH ws 1 AU Kitsault CWH ws 1 AU Kitsault CWH ws 1 AU Kitsault CWH ws 1 AU Kitsault CWH ws 2 AU (50.0) (0.7) Yes Kitsault CWH ws 2 AU Kitsault CWH ws 2 AU Kitsault MH mm 2 AU Kitsault MH mm 2 AU Klekane CWH vm 1 AU (50.0) (1.1) Yes Klekane CWH vm 1 AU Klekane CWH vm 1 AU Klekane CWH vm 2 AU Klekane CWH vm 2 AU Klekane MH mm 1 AU (9.5) (9.1) Yes Kshwan CWH wm AU Kshwan CWH wm AU Kshwan MH mm 1 AU Kumealon CWH vh 2 AU Kumealon CWH vh 2 AU Kumealon CWH vh 2 AU Kumealon CWH vh 2 AU Kumealon CWH vh 2 AU

11 Table 1: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2006 (<%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 11 Kumealon CWH vh 2 AU Kumealon MH mm 1 AU Kumealon MH wh 1 AU Kwinamass CWH vm 1 AU Kwinamass CWH vm 1 AU Kwinamass CWH vm 2 AU Kwinamass MH mm 1 AU Laredo CWH vh 2 AU (7.1) (1.4) Yes Laredo CWH vh 2 AU Laredo CWH vh 2 AU Laredo CWH vh 2 AU Laredo CWH vh 2 AU Laredo MH wh 1 AU Laredo MH wh 1 AU Laredo MH wh 1 AU Marmot CWH wm AU (3.7) (2.7) Yes Marmot CWH wm AU Marmot CWH wm AU Marmot MH mm 1 AU Marmot MH mm 1 AU McCauley CWH vh 2 AU (50.0) (2.2) Yes Monckton CWH vh 2 AU (18.9) (8.4) Yes Monckton CWH vh 2 AU Monckton MH wh 1 AU Observatory East CWH wm AU Observatory East MH mm 1 AU Observatory West CWH vh 2 AU Observatory West CWH vh 2 AU Observatory West CWH wm AU (50.0) (3.6) Yes Observatory West CWH wm AU Observatory West CWH wm AU Observatory West CWH wm AU Observatory West CWH wm AU Observatory West MH mm 1 AU (48.8) (5.4) Yes Observatory West MH mm 1 AU Observatory West MH wh 1 AU Olh CWH wm AU Olh CWH wm AU Olh CWH wm AU Olh CWH wm AU Olh CWH wm AU Olh MH mm 1 AU (50.0) (5.1) Yes Olh MH mm 1 AU Olh MH mm 1 AU (10.5) (200.6) Yes Pa - aat CWH vh 2 AU Pa - aat CWH vh 2 AU Pa - aat MH wh 1 AU Pa - aat MH wh 1 AU Pearse CWH vh 2 AU (18.8) (2.1) Yes Pearse CWH vh 2 AU Porcher CWH vh 2 AU Porcher CWH vh 2 AU Porcher CWH vh 2 AU Porcher CWH vh 2 AU Porcher CWH vh 2 AU Porcher CWH vh 2 AU Porcher MH wh 1 AU Porcher MH wh 1 AU Porcher MH wh 1 AU Quottoon CWH vh 2 AU (40.1) (33.9) Yes

12 Table 1: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2006 (<%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 12 Quottoon CWH vh 2 AU Quottoon CWH vh 2 AU Quottoon CWH vh 2 AU Quottoon CWH vm 1 AU Quottoon CWH vm 1 AU Quottoon CWH vm 1 AU Quottoon CWH vm 1 AU Quottoon CWH vm 1 AU Quottoon CWH vm 1 AU Quottoon CWH vm 2 AU (15.8) (0.4) Yes Quottoon CWH vm 2 AU Quottoon CWH vm 2 AU Quottoon CWH vm 2 AU Quottoon MH mm 1 AU Quottoon MH mm 1 AU Quottoon MH mm 1 AU Quottoon MH wh 1 AU Red Bluff CWH vh 2 AU (27.4) (26.3) Yes Red Bluff CWH vh 2 AU Red Bluff CWH vh 2 AU Red Bluff CWH vh 2 AU Red Bluff CWH vh 2 AU Red Bluff MH wh 1 AU Red Bluff MH wh 1 AU Scotia CWH vm 1 AU Scotia CWH vm 1 AU Scotia CWH vm 1 AU Scotia CWH vm 1 AU Scotia CWH vm 2 AU (50.0) (0.4) Yes Scotia CWH vm 2 AU Scotia CWH vm 2 AU Scotia MH mm 1 AU Scotia MH mm 1 AU Skeena Islands CWH vm 1 AU Skeena Islands CWH vm 1 AU (0.4) (0.4) Yes Skeena Islands CWH vm 1 AU Skeena Islands CWH vm 1 AU Skeena Islands MH mm 1 AU Somerville CWH vm 1 AU Somerville CWH vm 1 AU Somerville CWH vm 1 AU (37.7) (39.9) Yes Somerville CWH vm 1 AU (21.0) (127.7) Yes Somerville CWH vm 1 AU Somerville CWH vm 1 AU Somerville CWH vm 2 AU Somerville CWH vm 2 AU Somerville CWH vm 2 AU (29.1) (9.4) Yes Somerville CWH vm 2 AU Somerville CWH vm 2 AU Somerville MH mm 1 AU (106.9) (0.0) Yes Somerville MH mm 1 AU (100.0) (2.0) Yes Somerville MH mm 1 AU Somerville MH mm 1 AU Somerville MH mm 1 AU (50.0) (0.4) Yes Somerville MH mm 1 AU Somerville MH mm 1 AU Somerville MH wh 1 AU (22.3) (7.0) Yes Somerville MH wh 1 AU Sparkling CWH vm 1 AU Sparkling CWH vm 1 AU (17.6) (32.9) Yes

13 Table 1: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2006 (<%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 13 Sparkling CWH vm 1 AU Sparkling CWH vm 1 AU Sparkling CWH vm 1 AU Sparkling MH mm 1 AU Sparkling MH mm 1 AU Stagoo CWH wm AU Stagoo CWH wm AU Stagoo CWH wm AU Stagoo CWH ws 1 AU (50.0) (10.0) Yes Stagoo MH mm 1 AU Stagoo MH mm 1 AU Stagoo MH mm 1 AU Stagoo MH mm 1 AU Surf CWH vh 2 AU (24.0) (4.3) Yes Surf CWH vh 2 AU (46.2) (72.7) Yes Surf CWH vh 2 AU Surf CWH vh 2 AU Surf CWH vh 2 AU Surf CWH vm 1 AU (50.0) (9.8) Yes Surf CWH vm 1 AU Surf CWH vm 1 AU Surf CWH vm 1 AU Surf CWH vm 1 AU Surf CWH vm 2 AU Surf CWH vm 2 AU Surf CWH vm 2 AU Surf MH mm 1 AU Surf MH mm 1 AU (18.7) (1.8) Yes Surf MH mm 1 AU Surf MH wh 1 AU (50.0) (1.9) Yes Surf MH wh 1 AU Surf MH wh 1 AU Surf MH wh 1 AU Tolmie CWH vh 2 AU (50.0) (2.4) Yes Triumph CWH vm 1 AU (5.1) (3.5) Yes Triumph CWH vm 1 AU (50.0) (6.2) Yes Triumph CWH vm 1 AU Triumph CWH vm 1 AU Triumph CWH vm 1 AU Triumph CWH vm 1 AU Triumph CWH vm 1 AU Triumph CWH vm 2 AU Triumph CWH vm 2 AU Triumph CWH vm 2 AU Triumph CWH vm 2 AU Triumph CWH vm 2 AU Triumph CWH vm 2 AU Triumph MH mm 1 AU (50.0) (1.0) Yes Triumph MH mm 1 AU Triumph MH mm 1 AU (49.6) (0.0) Yes Triumph MH mm 1 AU (6.6) (6.0) Yes Triumph MH mm 1 AU Tuck CWH vh 2 AU Tuck CWH vh 2 AU Tuck CWH vh 2 AU Tuck CWH vh 2 AU Tuck CWH vh 2 AU Tuck MH wh 1 AU (49.9) (0.0) Yes Tuck MH wh 1 AU Tuck MH wh 1 AU

14 Table 1: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2006 (<%) Union CWH vh 2 AU Union CWH vh 2 AU Union CWH vh 2 AU Union CWH vm 1 AU Union CWH vm 1 AU Union CWH vm 2 AU Union CWH vm 2 AU Union CWH vm 2 AU (50.0) (0.2) Yes Union CWH vm 2 AU Union MH mm 1 AU (50.0) (3.5) Yes Union MH mm 1 AU Union MH wh 1 AU (11.8) (1.1) Yes Union MH wh 1 AU Union MH wh 1 AU Whalen CWH vh 2 AU (36.6) (37.2) Yes Whalen CWH vh 2 AU Whalen CWH vh 2 AU (50.0) (4.0) Yes Whalen CWH vh 2 AU Whalen CWH vh 2 AU Whalen CWH vm 1 AU (8.3) (8.0) Yes Whalen CWH vm 1 AU (42.9) (86.6) Yes Whalen CWH vm 1 AU (50.0) (15.3) Yes Whalen CWH vm 1 AU Whalen CWH vm 1 AU Whalen CWH vm 1 AU Whalen CWH vm 1 AU Whalen CWH vm 2 AU (50.0) (23.9) Yes Whalen CWH vm 2 AU Whalen CWH vm 2 AU Whalen MH mm 1 AU (50.0) (4.6) Yes Whalen MH mm 1 AU Whalen MH mm 1 AU Whalen MH wh 1 AU Whalen MH wh 1 AU Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 14

15 Table 2: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2011 Table 2: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2011 (<%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 15 Anyox CWH wm AU (44.2) (29.3) Yes Anyox CWH wm AU Anyox CWH wm AU (5.0) (61.1) Yes Anyox CWH wm AU Anyox MH mm 1 AU Anyox MH mm 1 AU (28.2) (479.7) Yes Aristazabal CWH vh 2 AU Aristazabal CWH vh 2 AU Banks CWH vh 2 AU (28.4) (3.0) Yes Belle Bay CWH wm AU (50.0) (10.7) Yes Belle Bay CWH wm AU Belle Bay CWH wm AU Belle Bay MH mm 1 AU Belle Bay MH wh 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU (4.7) (0.1) Yes Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU (35.4) (4.8) Yes Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 2 AU (15.6) (7.4) Yes Big Falls CWH vm 2 AU Big Falls MH mm 1 AU Big Falls MH mm 1 AU Bishop CWH vh 2 AU (50.0) (11.9) Yes Bishop CWH vh 2 AU Bishop CWH vh 2 AU (15.8) (2.6) Yes Bishop CWH vh 2 AU (3.5) (15.4) Yes Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU (9.5) (2.6) Yes Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop MH mm 1 AU Bishop MH mm 1 AU Bishop MH mm 1 AU Brown CWH vh 2 AU (50.0) (2.1) Yes Brown CWH vh 2 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU (50.0) (1.4) Yes Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 2 AU Brown MH mm 1 AU Brown MH mm 1 AU Brown MH wh 1 AU Brown MH wh 1 AU Captain CWH vh 2 AU (39.6) (12.2) Yes Captain CWH vh 2 AU

16 Table 2: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2011 (<%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 16 Captain MH wh 1 AU Captain MH wh 1 AU Chambers CWH vm 1 AU Chambers CWH vm 2 AU Chambers MH mm 1 AU Chapple CWH vh 2 AU Chapple CWH vh 2 AU (20.7) (3.9) Yes Chapple CWH vh 2 AU Chapple MH wh 1 AU Chapple MH wh 1 AU Dundas CWH vh 2 AU Dundas CWH vh 2 AU (50.0) (1.6) Yes Gil CWH vh 2 AU (32.6) (31.0) Yes Gil CWH vh 2 AU Gil CWH vh 2 AU Gil MH wh 1 AU (49.9) (0.0) Yes Gil MH wh 1 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU (4.6) (3.4) Yes Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell MH wh 1 AU (1.4) (0.1) Yes Gribbell MH wh 1 AU Gribbell MH wh 1 AU (100.0) (3.9) Yes Gribbell MH wh 1 AU Gribbell MH wh 1 AU Hartley CWH vh 2 AU Hartley CWH vh 2 AU Hartley CWH vh 2 AU Hartley CWH vh 2 AU Hartley CWH vh 2 AU (15.1) (8.1) Yes Hartley CWH vh 2 AU Hartley CWH vh 2 AU Hartley MH wh 1 AU Hartley MH wh 1 AU (36.9) (6.2) Yes Hartley MH wh 1 AU Hawkes CWH vh 2 AU Hawkes CWH vh 2 AU Hawkes CWH vh 2 AU Hawkes MH wh 1 AU Hawkes MH wh 1 AU Hawkes MH wh 1 AU Helmcken CWH vh 2 AU (14.3) (1.7) Yes Helmcken CWH vh 2 AU Helmcken CWH vh 2 AU Helmcken MH wh 1 AU Hevenor CWH vh 2 AU Hevenor CWH vh 2 AU Hevenor CWH vh 2 AU Hevenor MH wh 1 AU Hevenor MH wh 1 AU Johnston CWH vm 1 AU Johnston CWH vm 1 AU Johnston CWH vm 1 AU Johnston CWH vm 1 AU Johnston CWH vm 1 AU Johnston CWH vm 1 AU

17 Table 2: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2011 (<%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 17 Johnston CWH vm 2 AU Johnston CWH vm 2 AU Johnston CWH vm 2 AU Johnston MH mm 1 AU Kaien CWH vh 2 AU Kaien CWH vh 2 AU (32.2) (171.8) Yes Kaien CWH vh 2 AU Kaien CWH vh 2 AU Kaien CWH vh 2 AU Kaien MH wh 1 AU (49.9) (0.0) Yes Kaien MH wh 1 AU Khtada CWH vm 1 AU Khtada CWH vm 1 AU (37.6) (161.9) Yes Khtada CWH vm 1 AU Khtada CWH vm 1 AU Khtada CWH vm 2 AU (50.0) (1.3) Yes Khtada MH mm 1 AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH vm 1 AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH vm 1 AU (38.0) (32.7) Yes Khutzeymateen Park CWH vm 1 AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH vm 1 AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH vm 2 AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH wm AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH wm AU (17.3) (23.7) Yes Khutzeymateen Park CWH wm AU Khutzeymateen Park CWH wm AU Khutzeymateen Park MH mm 1 AU (100.0) (2.9) Yes Khutzeymateen Park MH mm 1 AU Khutzeymateen Park MH mm 1 AU Khyex CWH vm 1 AU (10.4) (22.8) Yes Khyex CWH vm 1 AU Khyex CWH vm 1 AU Khyex CWH vm 1 AU Khyex CWH vm 1 AU Khyex CWH vm 2 AU (50.0) (3.2) Yes Khyex CWH vm 2 AU Khyex CWH vm 2 AU Khyex MH mm 1 AU (50.0) (2.3) Yes Khyex MH mm 1 AU Kitkiata CWH vm 1 AU Kitkiata MH mm 1 AU Kitsault CWH wm AU (18.0) (10.6) Yes Kitsault CWH ws 1 AU Kitsault CWH ws 1 AU Kitsault CWH ws 1 AU Kitsault CWH ws 1 AU Kitsault CWH ws 2 AU (50.0) (0.7) Yes Kitsault CWH ws 2 AU Kitsault CWH ws 2 AU Kitsault MH mm 2 AU Kitsault MH mm 2 AU Kitsault MH mm 2 AU Klekane CWH vm 1 AU Klekane CWH vm 1 AU Klekane CWH vm 2 AU Klekane CWH vm 2 AU Klekane MH mm 1 AU (9.5) (9.1) Yes Kshwan CWH wm AU Kshwan CWH wm AU Kshwan MH mm 1 AU

18 Table 2: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2011 (<%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 18 Kumealon CWH vh 2 AU Kumealon CWH vh 2 AU Kumealon CWH vh 2 AU Kumealon CWH vh 2 AU Kumealon CWH vh 2 AU Kumealon CWH vh 2 AU Kumealon MH mm 1 AU Kumealon MH wh 1 AU Kwinamass CWH vm 1 AU Kwinamass CWH vm 1 AU Kwinamass CWH vm 2 AU Kwinamass MH mm 1 AU Laredo CWH vh 2 AU (14.6) (2.9) Yes Laredo CWH vh 2 AU Laredo CWH vh 2 AU Laredo CWH vh 2 AU Laredo CWH vh 2 AU Laredo MH wh 1 AU Laredo MH wh 1 AU Laredo MH wh 1 AU Marmot CWH wm AU (3.7) (2.7) Yes Marmot CWH wm AU Marmot CWH wm AU Marmot MH mm 1 AU Marmot MH mm 1 AU McCauley CWH vh 2 AU (50.0) (2.2) Yes McCauley CWH vh 2 AU Monckton CWH vh 2 AU (25.4) (11.2) Yes Monckton CWH vh 2 AU Monckton MH wh 1 AU Observatory East CWH wm AU Observatory East MH mm 1 AU Observatory West CWH vh 2 AU Observatory West CWH vh 2 AU Observatory West CWH wm AU (50.0) (3.6) Yes Observatory West CWH wm AU Observatory West CWH wm AU Observatory West CWH wm AU Observatory West CWH wm AU Observatory West MH mm 1 AU (48.8) (5.4) Yes Observatory West MH mm 1 AU Observatory West MH wh 1 AU Olh CWH wm AU Olh CWH wm AU Olh CWH wm AU Olh CWH wm AU Olh CWH wm AU Olh MH mm 1 AU (50.0) (5.1) Yes Olh MH mm 1 AU Olh MH mm 1 AU (10.5) (200.6) Yes Pa - aat CWH vh 2 AU Pa - aat CWH vh 2 AU Pa - aat MH wh 1 AU Pa - aat MH wh 1 AU Pearse CWH vh 2 AU (18.8) (2.1) Yes Pearse CWH vh 2 AU Porcher CWH vh 2 AU Porcher CWH vh 2 AU Porcher CWH vh 2 AU Porcher CWH vh 2 AU

19 Table 2: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2011 (<%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 19 Porcher CWH vh 2 AU Porcher CWH vh 2 AU Porcher MH wh 1 AU Porcher MH wh 1 AU Porcher MH wh 1 AU Quottoon CWH vh 2 AU (40.1) (33.9) Yes Quottoon CWH vh 2 AU Quottoon CWH vh 2 AU Quottoon CWH vh 2 AU Quottoon CWH vm 1 AU (5.5) (7.7) Yes Quottoon CWH vm 1 AU Quottoon CWH vm 1 AU Quottoon CWH vm 1 AU Quottoon CWH vm 1 AU Quottoon CWH vm 1 AU Quottoon CWH vm 2 AU (15.8) (0.4) Yes Quottoon CWH vm 2 AU (50.0) (1.0) Yes Quottoon CWH vm 2 AU Quottoon CWH vm 2 AU Quottoon CWH vm 2 AU Quottoon MH mm 1 AU (50.0) (7.4) Yes Quottoon MH mm 1 AU Quottoon MH mm 1 AU Quottoon MH mm 1 AU Quottoon MH wh 1 AU Red Bluff CWH vh 2 AU (27.4) (26.3) Yes Red Bluff CWH vh 2 AU Red Bluff CWH vh 2 AU Red Bluff CWH vh 2 AU Red Bluff CWH vh 2 AU Red Bluff MH wh 1 AU Red Bluff MH wh 1 AU Scotia CWH vm 1 AU Scotia CWH vm 1 AU Scotia CWH vm 1 AU Scotia CWH vm 1 AU Scotia CWH vm 2 AU (50.0) (0.4) Yes Scotia CWH vm 2 AU Scotia CWH vm 2 AU Scotia MH mm 1 AU Scotia MH mm 1 AU Skeena Islands CWH vm 1 AU Skeena Islands CWH vm 1 AU (0.4) (0.4) Yes Skeena Islands CWH vm 1 AU Skeena Islands CWH vm 1 AU Skeena Islands MH mm 1 AU Somerville CWH vm 1 AU Somerville CWH vm 1 AU Somerville CWH vm 1 AU (37.7) (39.9) Yes Somerville CWH vm 1 AU (21.0) (127.7) Yes Somerville CWH vm 1 AU Somerville CWH vm 1 AU Somerville CWH vm 2 AU Somerville CWH vm 2 AU Somerville CWH vm 2 AU (29.1) (9.4) Yes Somerville CWH vm 2 AU Somerville CWH vm 2 AU Somerville MH mm 1 AU (106.9) (0.0) Yes Somerville MH mm 1 AU (100.0) (2.0) Yes Somerville MH mm 1 AU

20 Table 2: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2011 (<%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 20 Somerville MH mm 1 AU Somerville MH mm 1 AU (50.0) (0.4) Yes Somerville MH mm 1 AU Somerville MH mm 1 AU Somerville MH wh 1 AU (22.3) (7.0) Yes Somerville MH wh 1 AU Sparkling CWH vm 1 AU Sparkling CWH vm 1 AU (48.2) (89.8) Yes Sparkling CWH vm 1 AU Sparkling CWH vm 1 AU Sparkling CWH vm 1 AU Sparkling MH mm 1 AU Sparkling MH mm 1 AU Stagoo CWH wm AU Stagoo CWH wm AU Stagoo CWH wm AU Stagoo CWH ws 1 AU (50.0) (10.0) Yes Stagoo MH mm 1 AU Stagoo MH mm 1 AU Stagoo MH mm 1 AU Stagoo MH mm 1 AU Surf CWH vh 2 AU Surf CWH vh 2 AU Surf CWH vh 2 AU Surf CWH vh 2 AU Surf CWH vm 1 AU (30.2) (5.9) Yes Surf CWH vm 1 AU Surf CWH vm 1 AU Surf CWH vm 1 AU Surf CWH vm 1 AU Surf CWH vm 2 AU Surf CWH vm 2 AU Surf CWH vm 2 AU Surf MH mm 1 AU Surf MH mm 1 AU (18.7) (1.8) Yes Surf MH mm 1 AU Surf MH wh 1 AU (50.0) (1.9) Yes Surf MH wh 1 AU Surf MH wh 1 AU Surf MH wh 1 AU Tolmie CWH vh 2 AU (50.0) (2.4) Yes Triumph CWH vm 1 AU (5.1) (3.5) Yes Triumph CWH vm 1 AU (50.0) (6.2) Yes Triumph CWH vm 1 AU Triumph CWH vm 1 AU Triumph CWH vm 1 AU Triumph CWH vm 1 AU Triumph CWH vm 1 AU Triumph CWH vm 2 AU Triumph CWH vm 2 AU Triumph CWH vm 2 AU Triumph CWH vm 2 AU Triumph CWH vm 2 AU Triumph CWH vm 2 AU Triumph MH mm 1 AU (50.0) (1.0) Yes Triumph MH mm 1 AU Triumph MH mm 1 AU (49.6) (0.0) Yes Triumph MH mm 1 AU (7.4) (6.7) Yes Triumph MH mm 1 AU Tuck CWH vh 2 AU

21 Table 2: All LUs, -Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2011 (<%) Tuck CWH vh 2 AU Tuck CWH vh 2 AU Tuck CWH vh 2 AU Tuck CWH vh 2 AU Tuck MH wh 1 AU (49.9) (0.0) Yes Tuck MH wh 1 AU Tuck MH wh 1 AU Union CWH vh 2 AU Union CWH vh 2 AU Union CWH vh 2 AU Union CWH vh 2 AU Union CWH vm 1 AU (21.7) (6.5) Yes Union CWH vm 1 AU Union CWH vm 2 AU Union CWH vm 2 AU Union CWH vm 2 AU (50.0) (0.2) Yes Union CWH vm 2 AU Union MH mm 1 AU (50.0) (3.5) Yes Union MH mm 1 AU Union MH wh 1 AU (11.8) (1.1) Yes Union MH wh 1 AU Union MH wh 1 AU Whalen CWH vh 2 AU (1.6) (1.7) Yes Whalen CWH vh 2 AU Whalen CWH vh 2 AU (50.0) (4.0) Yes Whalen CWH vh 2 AU Whalen CWH vh 2 AU Whalen CWH vm 1 AU (8.3) (8.0) Yes Whalen CWH vm 1 AU (20.0) (40.4) Yes Whalen CWH vm 1 AU (50.0) (15.3) Yes Whalen CWH vm 1 AU Whalen CWH vm 1 AU Whalen CWH vm 1 AU Whalen CWH vm 1 AU Whalen CWH vm 2 AU (49.5) (23.7) Yes Whalen CWH vm 2 AU Whalen CWH vm 2 AU Whalen MH mm 1 AU (50.0) (4.6) Yes Whalen MH mm 1 AU Whalen MH mm 1 AU Whalen MH wh 1 AU Whalen MH wh 1 AU Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 21

22 Table 3: All LUs, Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2006 Table 3: All LUs, Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2006 (>%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 22 Anyox CWH wm AU (52.5) (272.2) Yes Anyox CWH wm AU (22.1) (1721.0) Yes Anyox MH mm 1 AU Anyox MH mm 1 AU (6.4) (108.6) Yes Aristazabal CWH vh 2 AU (27.2) (1421.5) Yes Aristazabal CWH vh 2 AU Aristazabal CWH vh 2 AU (5.0) (1793.0) Yes Aristazabal CWH vh 2 AU Aristazabal CWH vh 2 AU Banks CWH vh 2 AU Banks CWH vh 2 AU Banks CWH vh 2 AU Banks CWH vh 2 AU Banks CWH vh 2 AU Banks MH wh 1 AU Banks MH wh 1 AU Banks MH wh 1 AU Belle Bay CWH vh 2 AU Belle Bay CWH vh 2 AU Belle Bay CWH vh 2 AU Belle Bay CWH vh 2 AU Belle Bay CWH vh 2 AU Belle Bay CWH wm AU Belle Bay CWH wm AU Belle Bay CWH wm AU Belle Bay CWH wm AU (15.4) (15.6) Yes Belle Bay CWH wm AU Belle Bay CWH wm AU (4.6) (1.8) Yes Belle Bay CWH wm AU Belle Bay CWH wm AU Belle Bay MH mm 1 AU Belle Bay MH mm 1 AU Belle Bay MH wh 1 AU Belle Bay MH wh 1 AU Belle Bay MH wh 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU (23.6) (79.6) Yes Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU (7.5) (20.8) Yes Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU (12.5) (83.6) Yes Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 1 AU Big Falls CWH vm 2 AU (6.7) (3.3) Yes Big Falls CWH vm 2 AU Big Falls CWH vm 2 AU (15.7) (9.6) Yes Big Falls CWH vm 2 AU (1.8) (0.8) Yes Big Falls CWH vm 2 AU Big Falls CWH vm 2 AU (20.5) (17.7) Yes Big Falls CWH vm 2 AU Big Falls CWH vm 2 AU Big Falls MH mm 1 AU (3.7) (0.2) Yes Big Falls MH mm 1 AU Big Falls MH mm 1 AU Big Falls MH mm 1 AU Bishop CWH vh 2 AU Bishop CWH vh 2 AU Bishop CWH vh 2 AU

23 Table 3: All LUs, Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2006 (>%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 23 Bishop CWH vh 2 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU (1.5) (1.9) Yes Bishop CWH vm 1 AU (17.0) (24.1) Yes Bishop CWH vm 1 AU (15.2) (11.0) Yes Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU (23.4) (168.7) Yes Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 1 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop CWH vm 2 AU Bishop MH mm 1 AU Bishop MH mm 1 AU Bishop MH mm 1 AU Bishop MH wh 1 AU Bishop MH wh 1 AU Bishop MH wh 1 AU Brown CWH vh 2 AU Brown CWH vh 2 AU Brown CWH vh 2 AU (12.8) (2.5) Yes Brown CWH vh 2 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 1 AU Brown CWH vm 2 AU Brown CWH vm 2 AU Brown CWH vm 2 AU Brown CWH vm 2 AU Brown CWH vm 2 AU Brown CWH vm 2 AU Brown CWH vm 2 AU Brown MH mm 1 AU (0.5) (0.0) Yes Brown MH mm 1 AU Brown MH mm 1 AU Brown MH mm 1 AU Brown MH wh 1 AU Brown MH wh 1 AU Brown MH wh 1 AU Butedale CWH vm 1 AU (25.2) (0.2) Yes Campania CWH vh 2 AU (28.4) (3000.5) Yes Campania CWH vh 2 AU (3.3) (153.5) Yes Campania CWH vh 2 AU Campania CWH vh 2 AU Captain CWH vh 2 AU Captain CWH vh 2 AU Captain CWH vh 2 AU Captain CWH vh 2 AU Captain CWH vh 2 AU Captain CWH vh 2 AU Captain MH wh 1 AU Captain MH wh 1 AU (10.4) (121.1) Yes Captain MH wh 1 AU Captain MH wh 1 AU

24 Table 3: All LUs, Seral situation as of Dec 31, 2006 (>%) Ref: NC Patch & Seral Report - (Mar ).doc 24 Chambers CWH vh 2 AU Chambers CWH vh 2 AU Chambers CWH vh 2 AU Chambers CWH vh 2 AU Chambers CWH vh 2 AU Chambers CWH vh 2 AU Chambers CWH vh 2 AU Chambers CWH vm 1 AU Chambers CWH vm 1 AU Chambers CWH vm 1 AU Chambers CWH vm 1 AU Chambers CWH vm 1 AU Chambers CWH vm 1 AU (4.9) (5.2) Yes Chambers CWH vm 1 AU Chambers CWH vm 1 AU Chambers CWH vm 2 AU Chambers CWH vm 2 AU Chambers CWH vm 2 AU Chambers CWH vm 2 AU Chambers CWH vm 2 AU Chambers CWH vm 2 AU Chambers MH mm 1 AU Chambers MH mm 1 AU Chambers MH mm 1 AU Chambers MH mm 1 AU Chambers MH wh 1 AU (18.5) (52.0) Yes Chambers MH wh 1 AU Chapple CWH vh 2 AU (44.5) (31.7) Yes Chapple CWH vh 2 AU (27.6) (538.9) Yes Chapple CWH vh 2 AU Chapple CWH vh 2 AU Chapple CWH vh 2 AU Chapple CWH vh 2 AU Chapple MH wh 1 AU (19.9) (100.9) Yes Chapple MH wh 1 AU Chapple MH wh 1 AU (8.3) (76.0) Yes Dundas CWH vh 2 AU Dundas CWH vh 2 AU Dundas CWH vh 2 AU Dundas CWH vh 2 AU Gil CWH vh 2 AU Gil CWH vh 2 AU (25.7) (881.1) Yes Gil CWH vh 2 AU Gil CWH vh 2 AU Gil CWH vh 2 AU Gil CWH vh 2 AU Gil CWH vh 2 AU Gil MH wh 1 AU (1.6) (2.0) Yes Gil MH wh 1 AU Gil MH wh 1 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU (7.7) (2.8) Yes Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell CWH vh 2 AU Gribbell MH wh 1 AU Gribbell MH wh 1 AU (59.4) (5.3) Yes Gribbell MH wh 1 AU