Gardner Textbook Review Questions for Class #7. GL05-01 An air traffic control clearance provides A priority over all other traffic.

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1 ANSWERS to the Homework Questions Prep for Class #7. Do Not View this until all questions are answered. Use the following to correct or improve your answers. Correct or append your answers using another color pencil or pen or font. Do not erase incorrect answers line them out or use strike through so the incorrect data are still readable. Gardner Textbook Review Questions for Class #7 GL05-01 An air traffic control clearance provides A priority over all other traffic. B adequate separation from all traffic. C authorization to proceed under specified traffic conditions in controlled airspace. GL05-02 A flashing green air traffic control signal directed to an aircraft on the surface is a signal that the pilot A is cleared to taxi. B should exercise extreme caution. C should taxi clear of the runway in use. Comment Incorrect. Almost Incorrect: In Class B airspace (and in Class A airspace where only IFR traffic is allowed) and on the ground an air traffic control clearance will provide adequate separation from all traffic. These are the only places where adequate separation is provided therefore this answer is wrong Joseph J. Zubay 10/15/14 Page 1 of 11 Pages

2 GL05-03 Which is the correct traffic pattern departure to use at an airport without a control tower? A Depart in any direction consistent with safety, after crossing the airport boundary. B Make all turns to the left. C Comply with any FAA traffic pattern established for the airport. GL05-04 If instructed by ground control to taxi to runway 9, the pilot may proceed A via taxiways and across runways to, but not onto, runway 9. B to the next intersecting runway where further clearance is required. C via any route at the pilot's discretion onto runway 9 and hold until cleared for takeoff. GL05-05 Prior to entering an airport advisory area, a pilot A must obtain a clearance from air traffic control. B should monitor ATIS for weather and traffic advisories. C should contact the local FSS for airport and traffic advisories. Almost Correct: Make Left turns unless there is a Right traffic pattern established for that airport / runway. That traffic pattern information is found in the Airport Facility Directory. Incorrect: This was the correct procedure several years ago so you may see it from time to time in older publications but it no longer applies. Our battle against runway incursions has rendered this procedure obsolete. Correct: Need an explicit clearance to cross runways to avoid runway incursion. Ground Control may give this clearance all at the same time, e.g. Ground Control says: "Warrior 47 Lima, taxi to runway 9 via Alpha, cross 33" but you will not be given a clearance to cross more than one runway at a time. Incorrect: An airport providing "Airport Advisory Service" has no control tower so there is no controller at that airport to record an ATIS announcement. Correct: AIM Joseph J. Zubay 10/15/14 Page 2 of 11 Pages

3 GL05-06 The numbers 9 and 27 on a runway indicate that the runway is oriented approximately A 090 and 270 degrees magnetic. B 090 and 270 degrees true. C 009 and 027 degrees magnetic. GL05-07 An airport's rotating beacon operated during the daylight hours indicates A that there are obstructions on the airport. B that weather in the Class B, C, D, E airspace is below basic VFR weather minimums. C the airport is temporarily closed. GL05-08 Airport taxiways are identified at night by A alternating red and green edge lights. B white directional edge lights. C blue omnidirectional edge lights. GL05-09 A below-glideslope indication from a tricolor VASI is A a pink light signal. B an amber light signal. C a red light signal. Incorrect: Pilots fly using the magnetic compass for direction information. When landing on a runway with the number 9 painted on the end, the pilot's compass will be reading 090 indicating that the airplane is heading to the East as the airplane touches down. Correct: In Class B, Class C, Class D and Class E surface areas, operation of the airport beacon during the hours of daylight often indicates that the ground visibility is less than 3 miles and/or the ceiling is less than 1,000 feet. (AIM d). But note: "There is no regulatory requirement for daylight operation and it is the pilot's responsibility to comply with proper preflight planning." Incorrect: Alternating red and green is an indication of hazard or danger and one must exercise extreme caution Joseph J. Zubay 10/15/14 Page 3 of 11 Pages

4 GL05-10 How is a runway recognized as being closed? A Red lights are placed at the approach ejnd of the runway. B Yellow chevrons are painted on the runway beyond the threshold. C X is displayed on the runway. GL05-11 According to the diagram in Figure Q5-1, (Gardner pg 5-30), A takeoffs and landings are permissible at position C since this is a short takeoff and landing runway. B runway 30 is equipped at position E with emergency arresting gear to provide a means of stopping military aircraft. C takeoffs may be started at position A on runway 12, and the landing portion of this runway begins at position B. GL05-12 That portion of the runway identified by the letter A in Figure Q5-1, (Gardner pg 5-30), A may be used for taxiing but should not be used for takeoffs or landings. B may be used for taxiing or takeoffs, but not for landings. C may not be used except in an emergency. GL05-13 What is the crosswind component for landing on runway 18 if the tower reports the wind as 220 at 30 knots? (see Figure 5-13 in Gardner pg 5-9). A 19 knots. B 23 knots. C 30 knots Joseph J. Zubay 10/15/14 Page 4 of 11 Pages

5 GL05-14 How should the controls be held while taxiing a tricycle gear equipped airplane into a left quartering headwind? A Left aileron up, neutral elevator. B Left aileron down, neutral elevator. Correct: Like you are aiming into the headwind. C Left aileron up, down elevator. Incorrect: You would do this for a right quartering tailwind -- "diving with the tailwind." GL05-15 Of the following conditions, which is the most critical when taxiing a nose wheel equipped high-wing airplane? A Direct crosswind. B Quartering tailwind. C Quartering headwind. GL05-16 Wing-tip vortices, the dangerous turbulence that might be encountered behind a large aircraft, are created only when that aircraft is A operating at high airspeed. B heavily loaded. C developing lift. Correct: A quartering tailwind is also the most critical for a low wing nose wheel equipped (also known as a tricycle gear), and also for a conventional (or taildragger) equipped airplane. Incorrect: A fast moving aircraft has a smaller angle of attack than a slow moving aircraft and the vortices that it creates are spread out over a greater distance rendering them slightly less lethal than a like aircraft operating at a slower speed. Incorrect: It is true that a heavily loaded aircraft generates stronger vortices than a lightly loaded aircraft but the aircraft's wing must be producing lift to create the pressure imbalance that causes the vortices to form Joseph J. Zubay 10/15/14 Page 5 of 11 Pages

6 GL05-17 Wing-tip vortices created by large aircraft tend to A sink below the aircraft generating the turbulence. B rise into the takeoff pattern. C rise into the takeoff or landing path of a crossing runway. GL05-18 The segmented cicle shown in Figure Q5-2, (Gardner pg 5-31), indicates that the airport traffic is A left-hand for Rwy 17 and right-hand for Rwy 35. B right-hand for Rwy 9 and left-hand for Rwy 27. C left-hand for Rwy 35 and right-hand for Rwy 17. GL05-19 When approaching to land on a runway served by a VASI, the pilot shall A intercept and remain on the glideslope until touchdown only if the aircraft is operating on an instrument flight plan. B maintain an altitude at or above the glideslope. C remain on the glideslope and land between the light bars. Incorrect: They won't rise but they could drift (i.e. be blown by the wind) over another runway. Incorrect: The segment shows you would turn left from base to final to land on Rwy 9, (you would be headed East as you landed), and turn right from base to final to land on Rwy 27, (you would be headed West as you landed). Correct: The segment shows you would turn left from base to final to land on Rwy 35, (nearly North), and turn right from base to final to land on Rwy 17, (nearly South) Joseph J. Zubay 10/15/14 Page 6 of 11 Pages

7 GL05-20 You are on final approach to a runway equipped with a Precision Approach Path Indicator, (PAPI), and see three white lights and one red light. You are A low on the glide path. B slightly high on the glide path. C slightly low on the glide path. GL05-21 A state of temporary confusion resulting from misleading information being sent to the brain by various sensory organse is defined as A spatial disorientation. B hyperventilation. C hypoxia. Incorrect: This is the condition of reduced carbon dioxide in the blood caused by rapid, excited breathing - often occuring in high stress or near panic situations. Incorrect: This is the condition of reduced oxygen in the blood caused by breathing too rarified air (too high altitude) or inhailing an oxygen absorption inhibiting gas like carbon monoxide or an oxygen displacing gas like natural gas. GL05-22 To preclude the effects of hypoxia, you should A avoid flying above 10,000 feet MSL for prolonged periods without breathing supplemental oxygen. B rely on your body's built-in alarm system to warn when you are not getting enough oxygen. C avoid hyperventilation which is caused by rapid heavy breathing and results in excessive carbon dioxide in the bloodstream. Incorrect: The body does not have a built-in alarm system to warn of low oxygen. Incorrect: Hyperventilation actually reduces the carbon dioxide level in the blood, breathing into a bag can help restore the carbon dioxide level and help return to normal breathing Joseph J. Zubay 10/15/14 Page 7 of 11 Pages

8 GL05-23 Hypoxia is caused by A nitrogen bubbles forming in the blood at high altitudes. B trapped gasses in the body. C reduced atmospheric pressure. Incorrect: This is called Nitrogen Narcosis or "the bends" and could be experienced in the air at altitude if sufficient nornalization time is not allowed before flying after scuba diving. GL05-24 What is the most effective way to use the eyes during night flight? A Look only at far away, dim lights. B Scan slowly to permit off-center viewing. Correct: One's night vision is best a little off-center, so it is best to concentrate on things that are a little off to the side of where you are directly looking, that and a slow scan allows you to see more things. C Concentrate directly on each object for a few seconds. Almost Correct: The eye is most sensitive off-center at night, concentrating directly on a dim object may result in the object seeming to vanish. GL05-25 The danger of spatial disorientation during flight in poor visual conditions may be reduced by A shifting the eyes quickly between the exterior visual field and the instrument panel. B having faith in the instruments rather than taking a chance on the sensory organs. C leaning the body in the opposite direction of the motion of the aircraft. Incorrect: Actually, this is a good technique to maximize your utilization of all available visual information. Incorrect: Minimizing head movement will improve your resistance to spacial disorientation. Head movement, specially rapid movement, can actually induce spacial disorientation Joseph J. Zubay 10/15/14 Page 8 of 11 Pages

9 GL05-26 What effect does haze have on the ability to see traffic or terrain features during flight? A Haze causes the eyes to focus at infinity. B Contrasting colors become less distinct making objects easier to see. C All traffic or terrain features appear to be farther away than their actual distance. Incorrect: Actually the eyes tend to settle on a foot focus in haze Joseph J. Zubay 10/15/14 Page 9 of 11 Pages

10 Homework Questions to prepare for Class #7 1. The most effective way to scar during daylight is through a series of short, regularly spaced eye movements, focusing for at least one second in ten-degree sectors. This methods, which brings successive areas of the sky into the central visual field of approximately 200 degrees, the area in which the eye can focus sharply and perceive detail is a relatively narrow cone (usually only about 10 degrees wide) directly in the center of the field of vision. Beyond this area, visual acuity decreases sharply in all directions. 2. False. They appear to be farther away than they are in actuality. 3. B is the only true statement. Statement A is untrue because a control tower only guarantees separation of aircraft on the ground. Statement C is untrue because the majority of collisions have occurred in VFR conditions. 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A three-step process is recommended when exchanging flight controls. The pilot passing the controls should announce, You have the flight controls. or Your Airplane. The pilot passing the controls should continue to fly until the pilot taking the controls acknowledges the exchange by saying, I have the flight controls. or My Airplane. A visual check is recommended to insure that the other pilot actually has the controls. The pilot passing should then state, You have the flight controls. or Your Airplane. 9. Runway numbers correspond to a magnetic north reference. The runway s magnetic direction is rounded off to the nearest 10 degrees, with the last zero omitted. Any runway that is between the headings of 040 (spoken as zero-fow-er-zero) degrees and 090 (spoken as zero-niner-zero) degrees is designated with a single-digit runway number. Runways with a heading of 010 (spoken as zero-wun-zero), 020 (spoken as zero-too-zero) & 030 (spoken as zero-tree-zero) are designated with a two-digit number (01, 02 & 03 respectively) to avoid possible confusion with runways 10, 20 & 30. The number at the end of the runway corresponds to the direction that you are heading when you are taking off or landing on that runway. For example, a runway labeled 9 (spoken as niner) on one end is labeled 27 (spoken as too-seven) on the opposite end. 10. C 11. Usually, a displaced threshold indicates that there are obstructions such as trees, power lines, a road, or buildings near the end of the runway. This might prohibit a normal decent and landing on the initial portion of the pavement. Although the pavement leading up to a displaced threshold may not be used for landing, it may be used for taxiing, takeoffs and, when landing from the opposite end, the landing rollout. 12. A closed runway is designated by a yellow X painted on the runway surface. 13. E 14. A 2014 Joseph J. Zubay 10/15/14 Page 10 of 11 Pages

11 15. C 16. F 17. True. And runway incursions are a huge problem! 18. E 19. D 20. F 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. To activate three-step pilot-controlled lighting, the mike must be keyed seven times on the specified frequency to turn the system on and all the lights on maximum intensity. Then the mike can be keyed five times for medium-intensity, or three times for the lowest intensity lighting. The mike must be keyed the required number of times within a period of five seconds Joseph J. Zubay 10/15/14 Page 11 of 11 Pages

AIRMAN S INFORMATION MANUAL. Enroute

AIRMAN S INFORMATION MANUAL. Enroute AIRMAN S INFORMATION MANUAL AIM 52 AIRPORT LIGHTING AND MARKING AIDS Airport Beacons Operation of the airport rotating beacon during the daytime indicates the weather in the Class D airspace is below basic