Oregon! Washington. 15 Creswell Lowell. P a c i f i c O c e a n. Idaho. Nevada. California. Portland

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1 Oregon!... A land filled with wonder and majesty sculpted by glacial and volcanic activity. A land that has drawn people for over 0,000 years people who have left their legacy through stories of adventure, discovery, hardship and prosperity, simple daily life, community, and communion with the land. We invite you to set out on an adventure of your own by exploring Oregon s heritage through its Historical Markers and Heritage Trees. This brochure is designed to guide you on your way. Historical Markers: Oregon s Historical Markers have a history all their own. Many were built by the Oregon Department of Transportation in the 90 s, 0 s, and 0 s. They are majestic, routed wood signs made from native Port Orford cedar and routed by master craftsmen. The Travel Information Council adopted the program in 99 and is currently restoring old markers with the assistance of dedicated volunteers. Newer markers tell their tales through panels of colorful text and graphics mounted on cedar frames. Old and new markers not only tell the stories of Oregon, they also reflect the changing perspective of Oregon history. Heritage Trees: Oregon is a state renowned for its magnificent trees. To increase public awareness of the important contribution of trees to Oregon s history and heritage, the Oregon Heritage Tree Program was established in 99. It is the first state-sponsored heritage tree program in the nation and is operated under the auspices of the Travel Information Council. Oregon Heritage Trees are individual trees and groups of trees that have been designated as significant because of their importance in national, state or regional history. They stand as living memorials that connect us to our historical roots and carry a sense of the past into the future. Page P a c i f i c O c e a n Coos Bay Bandon Gold Beach 0 Port Orford Harbor Warrenton 0 Seaside Coquille Brookings Myrtle Point Powers Astoria Gearhart 99 Riddle 0 Cave Junction St. Helens Cannon Beach Vernonia Warren Scappoose North Page Plains Arlington Page Vancouver Banks 8 Hood River Forest Grove Hillsboro Cornelius Aloha Portland The Dalles 9 Beaverton Tillamook Tigard West Linn Gresham Boring 9 Grass Valley King City Welches Oregon City Page Newberg Canby Estacada Condon Dundee Wilsonville Aurora Maupin McMinnville Molalla Neskowin 8 Woodburn Mt. Angel Lincoln City Silverton 8 Shaniko Fossil Salem Dallas 9 Gleneden Beach 8 Antelope Depoe Bay Independence Stayton 99W Lyons Warm Springs 0 Gates Idanha Newport Albany Toledo Madras Corvallis Lebanon Culver Mitchell Black Waldport Sweet Home Butte Crooked River Ranch Ranch Page 9 Yachats Sisters Prineville 8 Junction City Redmond Walterville Blue River Bend Florence Springfield Page Eugene Creswell Lowell Sunriver Cottage Grove 8 Oakridge Reedsport 8 Elkton North Bend Merlin Sutherlin Roseburg Myrtle Creek Grants Pass Rogue River Medford Ashland 8 Eagle Point Washington Klamath Falls Chiloquin 9 Malin California Page Paisley Lakeview 8 9 Boardman Ione Lonerock Spray 0 8 Lexington Heppner Dayville 8 Umatilla Monument 9 Burns Hermiston Echo Ukiah John Day 9 Long Creek Seneca 9 Helix Pilot Rock Nevada Pendleton Granite Sumpter 8 Milton-Freewater Summerville La Grande Haines Elgin North Powder Unity Page Imbler 8 0 Baker City Union 9 8 Lostine Wallowa 8 Huntington 9 Joseph Enterprise Halfway 8 Jordan Valley Imnaha 0 9 Richland Ontario Nyssa Idaho 9 8

2 COAST Warrenton Seaside Astoria 0 Nehalem River 8 9 historical markers Fort Stevens off US 0 In Ft. Stevens State Park. History of the area, land uses, and the naming of Fort Stevens. Fort Clatsop off US 0 Near Ft. Clatsop National Memorial, south of Astoria. The winter headquarters of explorers Lewis and Clark. Pacific O cean Pacific City Lincoln City Depoe Bay Nehalem Garibaldi 0 Tillamook 8 Nestucca River 0 8 John West off OR 0 Westport Community Center. Founded the first cannery on the Oregon shore of the Columbia River and exported lumber and canned salmon globally. Tsunami off US 0 A Avenue & S. Promenade, Seaside. Provides information about the devastating waves called tsunamis which can strike the Oregon coast and what action should be taken in case of such an occurrence. Ecola US 0 North of Cannon Beach, milepost.. William Clark s visit to this area in 80 and his purchase of whale oil and blubber from the local Indians. Cannon Beach US 0 Three miles south of Cannon Beach. How Cannon Beach got its name from the 8 wreck of the naval schooner Shark. Newport Waldport Sunset Highway US Near junction with OR. The Sunset Highway is dedicated to members of the st Division who wore the Sunset emblem. 8 Tillamook Burn US Sunset Springs Rest Area, west of Portland at milepost 8. Describes the devastating forest fires of 9, 99, and 9 and subsequent reforestation. Yachats Florence Siltcoos L. Siuslaw River Tahkenitch L. 8 Reedsport Umpqua R. 8 North Tenmile L. 9 Elkton Yaquina Bay Lighthouse

3 COAST 9 st Infantry Division US Sunset Springs Rest Area, west of Portland at milepost 8. The rest area was dedicated to the st Infantry (Sunset) Division. 0 Tillamook Burn OR Thirty-two miles east of Tillamook. The site of disastrous forest fires in 9,99, and 9. Capt. Robert Gray US 0 / mile north of Garibaldi, milepost.8. Capt. Gray was the first known U.S. citizen in recorded history to set foot on the Oregon shoreline in 88. Great Tsunami of 00 US 0 South end of Lincoln City at Schooner Creek. A large tsunami hit the Oregon coast in January, 00 devastating native villages. Yaquina Bay US 0 Yaquina Bay Park off Hwy 0, Newport. Yaquina Bay Lighthouse established in 8. Tsunami off US 0 Newport Bay Aquarium, Ferry Slip Road, Newport. Provides information about the devastating waves called tsunamis which can strike the Oregon coast and what action should be taken in case of such an occurrence. First Coastal Expeditions US 0 In Ona Beach State Park, seven miles south of Newport. First overland treks in 8- led by Alexander McLeod of the Hudson s Bay Company. Oregon Coast Indians OR One mile east of Florence. Site of the main village of the Suislaw Indian Tribe and the tribes association with early fur traders and the U.S. government. Removed during road construction. Jedediah Smith US 0 Half a mile north of Reedsport. Trapper and explorer Smith made the first recorded overland trip from California and camped near here in Tsunami US 0 Visitor s Center in Reedsport at the junction of US 0 and OR 8. Provides information about the devastating waves called tsunamis which can strike the Oregon coast and what action should be taken in case of such an occurrence. 9 Scottsburg OR 8 In Scottsburg. Honors Levi Scott, founder of town, and early area commerce. heritage trees Captain Flavel Trees off US 0 Historic Flavel House, 8th Street, Astoria. Captain George Flavel planted this grove of trees at his home which is now a historic house museum. Sitka Spruce at Klootchy Creek US. miles east of Highway 0 in Klootchy Creek County Park. Oregon s first state heritage tree and once the nation s largest Sitka Spruce, the top of this tree was snapped off by hurricane force winds on December, 0. It is still one of Oregon s most famous and visited trees. Student Planters Grove OR Tillamook Forest Center miles east of Tillamook. This grove of Douglas-fir planted by school children in the 90 s is symbolic of the millions of trees planted by volunteers in the reforestation of the Tillamook Burn. Giant Spruce of Cape Perpetua off US 0 Cape Perpetua Scenic Area miles south of Yachats. This Sitka spruce stands over 8 feet tall, has a circumference of 0 feet, and is nearly 00 years old. Accessible by hiking a onemile trail. Volunteers maintain the marker at Yaquina Bay Giant Spruce of Cape Perpetua

4 COAST Coos Bay Charleston Bandon 0 Port Orford Tenmile L. Coquille Myrtle Point Powers Rogue River historical markers Empire City OR 0 Coos Bay City Park Boat Ramp, Mill and Holland Streets. Describes the history of the port city from its native origins through its decline after the turn of the th century. Spruce Soldiers OR In Sturdivant Park, City of Coquille. Describes the use of Oregon Sitka Spruce in the construction of aircraft during World War I. Cape San Sebastian US 0 Six miles south of Gold Beach. Spanish navigators were the first to explore the North American Pacific Coast. Conflict at Pistol River US 0 Ten miles south of Gold Beach. Site of the battle in the Rogue River Indian Wars, 8. Japanese Attack on Oregon off US 0 Constitution Avenue, City of Brookings. Describes the first enemy aircraft bombing of the U.S. mainland, an attack launched by the Japanese in September 9. Gold Beach Brookings Illinois River 99 heritage trees Monterey Cypress US 0 Four miles south of Brookings at Chetco Valley Museum. Harrison Blake planted this tree, now the largest Monterey cypress in Oregon, when he built his house in the 80s. Bombing Site Tree off US 0 Nineteen miles east of Brookings, Siskiyou National Forest, Bombsite Trail 8. Take Curry County Road 808 to Forest Road to Spur 0. This redwood tree planted as a token of peace in 99 at the site of the only Japanese aerial bombing of the continental United States during World War II. Accessible by hiking a one-mile trail each way. Contact the Chetco Ranger District at for detailed directions. Monterey Cypress

5 MT. HOOD & THE COLUMBIA RIVER GORGE e Troutdale 8 Bull Run Res. Number One Cascade Locks Hood River L. Umatilla City Of The Dalles Eagle Creek Estacada Rhododendron Government Camp 9 Timothy L. Maupin historical markers Broughton s Expedition I-8 Columbia River viewpoint, milepost westbound. Furthest point inland reached by British Commander William Broughton sailing up the Columbia River in 9. Beacon Rock off I-8 Exit 0, in Bonneville Dam Park. Prominent geographic feature named by Lewis and Clark in 80. Laurel Hill US Two miles west of Government Camp. Site of the most treacherous descent of the Oregon Trail through Cascade Mountains. Memaloose Island I-8 West of The Dalles, milepost, westbound rest area. Site of ancient burial ground for Mid-Columbia Tribes. Ancient Indian Fishing Grounds off I-8 Exit 9, Celilo Falls Park. Before dam construction on the Columbia River, the falls were ancient fishing grounds of all the Indian tribes of the middle Columbia River area. Deschutes River Crossing off I-8 East of The Dalles, on old Hwy 0. Point where the Oregon Trail crossed the hazardous Deschutes River. heritage trees Barlow Road Tollgate Maples US Pioneer Bridle Trailhead ½ mile east of Rhododendron. Two bigleaf maples stand on each side of the last tollgate operated on the branch of the Oregon Trail that crossed Mt Hood. Foster Lilac OR Philip Foster Farm, 99 SE Highway, Eagle Creek. Planted in 8 by Mary Charlotte Foster as a start brought from Maine around Cape Horn. Frank Lockyear Cedar Grove off OR From North Fork Reservoir, go. miles east on Forest Service Road 0, then north. mile on Forest Service Road to North Fork Clackamas River. This grove of western red cedars was planted in 9, the first of hundreds of tree plantings organized by Lockyear in a life dedicated to reforestation.

6 PORTLAND METRO 0 storia Kelso Longview 0 WASHINGTON St. Helens Ne h ale m Ri r ve Scappoose Woodland Vancouver Hillsboro Parkrose Portland Tigard Tillamook Newberg te River m la Wil h i s t o r i c a l m a r kwoodburn ers Salem South Side of Jackson School Road exit. 99w City Gover Eagle Creek Rhododendron Estacada off I- Timothy L Site of the nation s largest public housing project. The groundbreaking planned community, Vanport, was destroyed in a flood in 98. Troutdale Exit to the Troutdale Chamber of Commerce, US 0 8 E. Historic Columbia River Hwy. Silverton off I-8 Pioneer community settled in the 80 s. Thomas McKay, Hudson s Bay Company fur trader and operative, died near here. Joseph L. Meek 9 8 Oregon Portland International Molalla Raceway, Expo Road. Campsite of the Lewis & Clark Expedition, 80 and 80. Scappoose, near Old Portland Road. Bull Run Res. Number One Vanport US 0 Thomas McKay 0 99E et 8 Deer Island In Deer Island, milepost. 8 Nestuc ca River Troutdale Sandy River Bridge Exit to the Historic Columbia River Highway, at the east end of the Troutdale Bridge. off US Stayton off I-8 The land claim of Meek, mountain man, who helped found the Oregon Provisional Government. Boat crew of HMS Chatham sights river and names Mt. Hood from here in 9. How Sandy River received its name. Willamette Stone 8 Oregon City Albany Site of first surveyor s base mark in Pacific Northwest. Corvallis W. Burnside Street to Skyline Blvd., Willamette Stone State Park, Portland. Skyline Blvd. Gates Detroit Res. Parking area overlooking the falls. Detroit Idanha OR 99E Honors Dr. McLoughlin, pioneers, early Oregon government and many firsts in Oregon. Lebanon

7 PORTLAND METRO heritage trees Dr. Charles Caples House Orchard US 0 Caples House Museum, Columbia City. Charles Caples, the first doctor in Columbia County, built his house in 80 and planted this orchard of apples and pears. Courthouse Square Sequoias off OR 8 Washington County Courthouse, st Ave. and Main St., Hillsboro. Planted in 880 by pioneer nurseryman John R. Porter, from the seeds of cones gathered on his return from the California Gold Rush. Governor Withycombe Sequoia OR 9 Three miles south of Hillsboro on the east side of Highway 9. Oregon s Governor from 9 to 99, James Withycombe planted this tree on his wedding day in 8. 9 Oregon City Falls OR 99E Parking area overlooking the falls. Notes uses of site ranging from early Indian salmon fishing village to first long-distance hydroelectric power generation in the United States. 0 Willamette Falls Locks I- West Linn viewpoint, eastbound at milepost.. Series of five locks with a total lift of 0. feet opened in 8. Willamette Falls I- West Linn viewpoint, eastbound at milepost.. The falls were originally a Native American fishing site and later became the power source for numerous mills and electricity generation. Dr. John McLoughlin I- West Linn viewpoint, eastbound at milepost.. Dr. John McLoughlin was the Chief Factor of the Hudson s Bay Company and founder of Oregon City. George Abernethy I- West Linn viewpoint, eastbound at milepost.. George Abernethy was the first Provisional Governor of the Oregon Country. Nyberg Chestnut Nyberg Chestnut I- Exit 89, southbound, between exit ramp and I-. Planted in 90, this tree was saved from destruction during I- construction by Swedish immigrant John Nyberg. It was saved again by his son, Clayton, during I- construction. Drive-by viewing only. Dawn Redwood off US Hoyt Arboretum (end of Bray Lane), 000 SW Fairview Blvd., Portland. Once believed to be extinct, this Metasequoia tree became the first dawn redwood in the western hemisphere to produce cones in about 0 million years. Willamette Falls Peg Tree off OR Leonard Street, Lake Oswego A surviving landmark of old town, a peg was driven into this Douglas fir for hanging a lantern at early town meetings. Pow-Wow Tree off OR 99E On West Clackamas Blvd. between Bellevue and Beatrice in Gladstone. This bigleaf maple was a meeting place for Native Americans and the site of the first Oregon State Fair in 8.

8 Tillamook Nestucca River WILLAMETTE VALLEY 9 Newberg Salem Willamette River 9 0 Tigard 99E Woodburn Silverton 8 Portland Oregon City Molalla Timothy L. Corvallis 99w 0 Albany Stayton Lebanon Detroit Res. Detroit Idanha Willamette River Sweet Home Green Peter L. Siuslaw River Junction City Fern Ridge L. Eugene McKenzie R. Springfield Cougar Res. Lookout Point L. L. Umpqua R. Cottage Grove Dorena L. Cottage Grove L. Oakridge Hills Creek L. 8 Waldo L. Odell L. historical markers Willamette Post OR 9 South of Newberg, milepost. The first trading post in the Willamette Valley in 8. Champoeg State Park OR 9 Seven miles SE of Newberg at Champoeg State Park, near the pavilion. The site where Oregon s provisional constitution was adopted in 8. Aurora OR 99E In the town of Aurora. Site of a Christian co-operative founded by Dr. Wilhelm Keil. 8 Crescent L. Boones Ferry I- Northbound Baldock Rest Area, south of Wilsonville. Tells the history of the Boones Ferry across the Willamette River near this site. Boones Landing off I- Boones Ferry Park (next to the Willamette River), Boones Ferry Road, Wilsonville. The establishment of Boones Ferry, Boones Landing (the precursor to the City of Wilsonville) and Boones Ferry Road. Dayton Blockhouse OR Dayton City Park at Third and Main Streets. Fort Yamhill moved to Dayton in 9. Military block house was built in 8.

9 WILLAMETTE VALLEY Glacial Erratics off OR 8 Seven miles west of McMinnville in Erratic Rock State Park. This fine-grained rock was rafted to this location during catastrophic floods that occurred during the end of the Ice Age. 8 Grand Ronde Indian Reservation OR 8 One quarter mile west of Grand Ronde Road & Hwy 8 intersection. Tells of the forced relocation of inland valley Indians to the Grand Ronde Reservation, their fight for U.S. Government recognition, and their efforts toward economic stability. 9 James Nesmith OR 99W Polk County Fairgrounds entrance, City of Rickreall. James Nesmith, a leader in early Oregon government, lived near this site. 0 Camp Adair OR 99W Thirteen miles north of Corvallis. Site where military divisions were trained during World War II. Brownsville OR 8 Two blocks west of Main Street, Brownsville. Describes the ancient beginnings of Brownsville and its evolution of names. Santiam Wagon Road US At Upper Soda, milepost. Founding of the route between central Oregon and the Willamette Valley. America s First Transcontinental Auto Race US At Upper Soda, milepost. First car to cross the Cascade Mountains in 90 traveling from New York to Portland. Bristow Monument OR 8 East of Pleasant Hill, milepost. Commemorates Bristow as 8 settler in Lane County. heritage trees Valley of the Giants off OR BLM Mary s Peak Resource Area, Polk County acre parcel of old growth Douglas firs and hemlocks named an Outstanding Natural Area in 9. Located 0 miles west of Falls City on logging roads not suitable for passenger cars. Visitors must call the BLM at 0-- for directions and road information. Ewing Young Oak OR 0 8 Hwy 0, miles west of Newberg. This oak tree marks the grave site of Ewing Young whose death led to the organizing of Oregon s Provisional Government in 8. The tree can be viewed from Highway 0; public access is limited. For details call the Travel Information Council at during regular business hours. Hoover-Minthorn Pear off OR 99W Hoover-Minthorn House Museum, South River St., Newberg. Winter Nelis pear tree associated with the boyhood years of President Herbert Hoover. 9 Baker/Russell Black Walnut off OR 8 Seven miles west of McMinnville, SW Oldsville Road. Planted in 80 at stagecoach site. Can be viewed from Oldsville Road. Please be respectful of private property. Willamette Mission Cottonwood off I- Exit, Wheatland Ferry Road to Willamette Mission State Park. Nation s largest black cottonwood near the site of the Willamette Mission established by Reverend Jason Lee in 8. Benedictine Sisters Sequoia OR Queen of Angels Monastery, 80 S. Main St., Mt. Angel. Planted in 89, five years after the founding of the monastery and when the town was renamed from Fillmore to Mt. Angel. Signature Oak off OR The Oregon Garden, 89 W. Main St., Silverton. This 00-year-old landmark symbolizes the importance of Oregon white oak to the ecology and culture of the Willamette Valley. 8 Riding Whip Tree off OR Geer Crest Farm, 90 Sunnyview Rd NE, miles south of Silverton. This tree grew from a black cottonwood strippling set in the ground in 8 by Lucinda Geer. 9 State Fairgrounds Oak Grove off OR 99 th Street and Silverton Road, Salem. Once a seasonal camp used by Kalapuya Indians, this grove of Oregon white oaks became the historic campground for the Oregon State Fair. 0 Waldo Park Tree off OR 99E 0 Summer Street NE. (at the corner of Summer and Union Streets), Salem. Judge William Waldo, pioneer settler and state legislator, planted this sequoia in 8. Moon Tree off OR 99E Court Street in Willson Park, State Capitol grounds, Salem. This Douglas fir was raised from seed carried to the moon by Apollo astronaut Stuart Roosa in 9. Star Trees off OR 99E State Street on Willamette University grounds, Salem. Grove of giant sequoias planted by students of the Class of 9 in honor of Willamette University s 00th anniversary. Hager Grove Pear OR North side of Highway, east of I- junction, Salem. One of the oldest and largest pear trees in Oregon, this is the lone survivor of an orchard planted by the Munkre family. Drive-by viewing only. Owen Cherry off OR Owen Rose Garden, north end of Jefferson Street, Eugene. This tree is believed to have been planted in the mid-800 s by Eugene Skinner, founder of the City of Eugene. Dorris Ranch Hazelnut Orchard off OR Dorris Ranch Living History Farm, Dorris St., Springfield. The first commercial-sized planting of hazelnuts in Oregon was made here by George Dorris in 90.

10 SOUTHERN sla iver Umpqua R. Elkton Cottage Grove Dorena L. Cottage Grove L. Lookout Point L. Oakridge Hills Creek L. Waldo L. 8 Odell L. Davis L. Crescent L. Crane Prairie Res. Wickiup Res. Deschutes River Sunriver East L. Paulina L. 0 Moo Roseburg Diamond L. Silver L. ogue River inois River Redwood 99 Myrtle Creek Grants Pass Rogue River Medford Ashland 0 historical markers 9 Jesse Applegate OR 99 Five and one-half miles north of Yoncalla. Homestead of Jesse Applegate, pioneer, statesman, and philosopher. A Tale of Strong Recovery I- Cabin Creek Rest Area (southbound), miles south of Rice Hill. Story of perserverance and recovery by the Cow Creek band of Umpqua Indians. Canyon Creek off I- Exit 9, Canyon Creek Road. Route of trappers, Applegate Trail, stage coaches, and freight wagons. Homeland of the Cow Creeks I- Cow Creek Rest Area (northbound), miles north of Grants Pass. History of the Cow Creek band of Umpqua Indians. Dead Indian Memorial Road off I- Exit, half a mile south on Hwy. Explains the events leading up to and the reasons for the naming of this road. Rogue River Agency L. Aspen L. Howard Prairie L. Klamath Falls 9 Crater Lake NP Crater L. Upper Klamath L. Chiloquin 8 Sprague R. Altamont 0 Thompson Res. Gerber Res. CALIFORNIA 8 Drews Res. Summer L. Paisley Goose L. Alkali L. 9 L. Abert Lakeview Crump L. Bluejoint L. Williamson River US 9 In Collier State Park, miles north of Klamath Falls. Camp site for the Pacific Railroad survey party in 8. Peter Skene Ogden US 9 Collier State Park Logging Museum parking lot, west side of the Hwy. Travels of Ogden and his fur trapping party through Oregon. 8 Upper Klamath Lake off US 9 Lake Shore Drive, Moore City Park. Klamath Lake wildlife sanctuary and Oregon s largest body of water. 9 Applegate Trail OR West of Keno, milepost. Site where Applegate Trail crosses the Klamath River. 0 Fort Rock OR Nineteen miles north of Silver Lake, milepost 9. Near here some of the earliest known inhabitants of this continent lived. Fremont Memorial OR Summer Lake Rest Area. A memorial to the 8- John Fremont expedition to Oregon and California. 0

11 SOUTHERN Abert Rim OR 9 South of Valley Falls Junction on Hwy 9 at milepost. Abert Rim, a,00-foot fault scarp, is one of the highest in the United States. Abert Rim US 9 Nine miles north of Valley Falls Junction on Hwy 9. Abert Rim, a,00-foot fault scarp, is one of the highest in the United States. Balloon Bomb Hwy 0 Bly City Park. Japanese launched Balloon Bombs during World War II. One landed near this site, killing local people, causing the only known civilian casualties of the war within the continental US. heritage trees Hinds Walnut OR 8 miles northwest of Sutherlin, milepost., next to Yellow Creek Bridge. A tree not native to Oregon, located at a probable Indian camping and fishing ground, predates the arrival of settlers. Drive-by viewing only. Courthouse Elm OR 99 Douglas County Courthouse, 0 SE Douglas Street, Roseburg. This tree was given to Douglas County by Binger Hermann, U.S. Congressman, around the turn of the century. Britt Sequoia OR 8 Peter Britt Gardens, First Street, Jacksonville. Peter Britt, pioneer photographer, painter, and horticulturist, planted this tree on March, 8, the day of his son Emil s birth. Hanley Farm Willow OR 8 0 Hanley Road, Jacksonville. Planted by Martha Hanley in 80 to commemorate her son s birth, the willow cutting was obtained from the pioneer Luelling Nursery. Silver Maple at Seven Oaks Farm OR 99 0 Rogue Valley Hwy, Central Point. Unusual for its age and size, this tree was planted in 80 to provide shade for the stage coach stop store, a log cabin that still stands. Lonesome Hickory OR One mile south of Shady Cove near milepost 8. Mary Louisa Black planted this tree in 8 from nuts she carried from Missouri on the Oregon Trail in 8. Drive-by viewing only. Waldo Tree at Island Lake off OR 0 Sky Lakes Wilderness, Rogue River National Forest, near junction of Forest Service trail 98 and the Pacific Crest National Scenic Trail. Judge John B. Waldo, conservationist, carved his name on this Mountain Hemlock on September, 888, while on a journey that is significant in the forest conservation history of Oregon and the Pacific Northwest. Accessible by hiking only. 8 Mitchell Monument Shrapnel Tree off OR 0 Thirteen miles northeast of Bly on Forest Road. Ponderosa pine at the site where a Japanese balloon bomb killed six civilians in 9. Courthouse Elm

12 nd 9 Antelope John Day Fossil Beds NM Prineville Res. Rock Creek 8 COLUMBIA RIVER Arlington John Day River Boardman Lexington Grass Valley Heppner Shaniko Prineville Condon Fossil Mitchell Ione Lonerock Spray 8 Umatilla L. Wallula Cold Springs Res. Hermiston John Day River Walla Walla 9 Middle Fork John Day R. Long Creek 9 Burns John Day Seneca EASTERN Helix Pendleton McKay Res. Ukiah Pilot Rock Warm Springs Res. Milton-Freewater Phillips L. Elgin Summerville Imbler La Grande 8 Union Beulah Res. 8 Powder River Willow Creek Malheur Res. Bully Creek Res. Malheur R. Grande Ronde R. Wallowa North 9 Powder Thief Valley Res. 0 Haines Halfway 0 8 Baker Richland Unity Res. Unity Lostine Oxbow Res. Enterprise Joseph Wallowa L. 8 Huntington 8 Ontario Brownlee Res. Snake River Moon Res. Silver L. Harney L. Malheur L. Owyhee River SN Summer L. Paisley Alkali L. L. Abert 9 Bluejoint L. Foster L. 9 Owyhee River Jordan Valley Antelope Res. IDAHO Crump L. Alvord L. Drews Res. Lakeview A Goose L. NEVADA

13 historical markers Lure of Gold OR 8 Cutoff to the Barlow Road US 9 City of Grass Valley. A short cut to the Barlow Road from the Oregon Trail. Heppner Flood OR Heppner City Park, Heppner. Describes the devastating flood of 90 which destroyed nearly the entire town. Battle Mountain US 9 Fifteen miles north of Ukiah at the entrance to the State Park. Site of a decisive engagement of the Bannock War, July 8, 88. Umatilla US 0 West of Pendleton city limits. Campsite of emigrants on the Oregon Trail. Pendleton US 0 East Pendleton city limits. Campground for the Astor Party and emigrants on the Oregon Trail. Emigrant Springs off I-8 In Emigrant Springs State Park. Astor Expedition crossed the Blue Mountains here in 8. Meacham off I-8 In Meacham on old Hwy 0. Originally Lee s Encampment, later site of the Mountain House. Honored by visit of President Harding in 9. 8 Historic La Grande off I-8 Northwest LaGrande city limits, Hwy 0. The first town permanently settled in Northeastern Oregon. 9 Marie Dorion OR Three miles north of North Powder. Madame Dorion was a woman of courage and member of the Wilson Price Hunt Expedition of Cattle Drives US 0 Haines City Park. The old Oregon Cattle Trail along which up to 00,000 head of cattle were driven to eastern buyers. Baker off I-8 Exit 0 at Baker County Visitors Information Center. Baker City is recognized for its place in the early transportation system for gold discovery. Lone Tree of the Oregon Trail OR 8. miles west of the Oregon Trail Interpretive Center. Tells the story of the tree that served as a landmark for Indians, trappers, and Oregon Trail emigrants. EASTERN Half a mile west of the Oregon Trail Interpretive Center. Gold mining drew emigrants from the east and west along the Oregon Trail. Durkee off I-8 US 0 in front of the old Durkee school. Durkee was a favorite emigrant campground and later a relay and stage station. Farewell Bend off I-8 Four miles east of Huntington in the Farewell Bend State Park, east side of US 0. Famous camping spot and the last sight of the Snake River for the westbound emigrants. Eldorado Ditch US In the City of Unity. Describes the history of the controversial ditch built from 8 to 88 to carry water for gold mining. Nez Perce OR 8 Enterprise s western city limits. Homeland of the Nez Perce Chief Joseph. 8 Wallowa Lake OR 8 South of Joseph at milepost. Wallowa Lake was created by the advance and retreat of alpine glaciers. A lot of work goes into installing the markers.

14 EASTERN Peter Skene Ogden US. miles east of Juntura. Peter Skene Ogden, leader of five expeditions into Snake Country. Cutoff Fever US Vale s eastern city limits. Three different cutoff routes left the Oregon Trail from this site on the Malheur River. South Alternate Route OR Junction of Hwy & 8, / mile south of Adrian. Describes the pioneer route along the Snake River. heritage trees Wheeler Elm US. miles east of Mitchell, 99 Highway. Located on The Dalles Canyon City Wagon Road and associated with stage coach driver Henry H. Wheeler for whom Wheeler County was named. Viewing by appointment only, call Shagbark Hickory 9 Bannock War US. miles west of Junction US and US 9. Site of the decisive battle between US troops and the Bannock and Paiute Indians. Homeland of the Burns Paiute US Sage Hen Hill Rest Area, miles west of Burns. History of the Wadatika band of Northern Paiute Indians. American Indian Seasonal Round OR Milepost, north of the entrance to Malheur Wildlife Refuge. Describes the seasonal round of gathering food and plant material by the ancestors of the Piaute Tribe. Terrible Trail US Thirteen miles east of Burns. While trying to find their way into the upper Willamette Valley, emigrants traveled an alternate route that started in present-day Vale and traversed the desert near this site. Shagbark Hickory off OR Frazier Farmstead Museum, 0 Chestnut St., Milton-Freewater. The W.S. Frazier family planted this tree from nuts they brought from Texas along the Oregon Trail in 88. Baker Black Locust off US 0 Near Hunt Hall at Eastern Oregon University, La Grande. Among the first Oregon Trail emigrants to settle in La Grande in 8, James Baker planted this tree near his wife Elizabeth s grave in 88. Victory Way Norway Maple off US 0 Greenwood Elementary School on Spruce Street, La Grande. In 9, volunteers planted Norway maples along Spruce Street and S Avenue to commemorate the end of the First World War. Indian Village Grove off OR 8 Wallowa-Whitman National Forest, on Forest Service Road 880, two miles south of junction with Forest Service Road. Located near the route of the Nez Perce Trail, this grove of Ponderosa pine shows the trunk scars made during spring camps in the late 800 s. Fort Harney US Thirteen miles east of Burns. History of the U.S. military post, Great Basin US Near Buchanan, miles east of Burns. Northern limit of the interior expanse known as the Great Basin.

15 Hood River CENTRAL L. Umatilla City Of The Dalles Rock Creek Arlington 8 Ione Boardman Lex 9 Grass Valley Timothy L. Maupin Condon Lonerock Shaniko Fossil Antelope John Day River Spray L. Billy Chinook L. Simtustus Madras John Day Fossil Beds NM Mitchell 9 Sisters Redmond Prineville Bend Prineville Res. Crane Prairie Res. Sunriver do L. Wickiup Res. Davis L. Deschutes Rivr East L. Paulina L. Odell L. historical markers Sherar s Bridge OR East of Tygh Valley, milepost 8. Gateway to Central Oregon crossing the Deschutes River. The Dalles to Canyon City Wagon Road OR 8 In the town of Antelope. The discovery of gold sends thousands of fortune hunters into the upper John Day basin. Indian Trails US East side of Mill Creek Bridge, milepost 9. Early Indian trails and tracks used by early explorers, trappers, and adventurers are noted. O R E G O N Peter Skene Ogden US 9 Ogden Scenic Wayside, north of Redmond. Commemorates the far-ranging chief trapper of the Hudson s Bay Company. Prehistoric River US Four miles west of Millican at Horse Ridge,on the north side of the road. An Ice Age river flowed across the high desert in the rocky canyon near the marker. heritage trees Big Tree off US 9 LaPine State Park. This is the largest circumference Ponderosa pine in the world.

16 Guide to Oregon Historical Markers & Heritage Trees 9 Madrona Avenue SE Salem, Oregon Information contained in this brochure is accurate as of March 08. The Oregon Historical Marker and Heritage Tree Programs are administered by the Oregon Travel Information Council which is funded entirely through fees paid by tourism businesses and attractions. Please contact us for more information or to make a tax deductible contribution.