District level Ambient PM2.5 Exposure and Premature Mortality Burden (due to Chronic Exposure) in India

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Madeline Osborne
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1 District level Ambient PM2.5 Exposure and Burden (due to Chronic Exposure) in India The burden are generated using satellite-based PM 2.5 estimate that is bias corrected using local in-situ data (see Dey et al., 2012 for detailed description) for exposure assessment and GBD 2013 IERs and our non-linear power function response function. Baseline mortality is adjusted following the method discussed in Chowdhury and Dey (2016) and the baseline mortality data in the Table are given per 100,000 population. Population data has been taken from the 2011 Indian Census. Since most of the country is unmonitored at present, statistics are generated at district level with 10 years of exposure data. The data should be used only for research purpose. Users should note that these are mean values within a range of uncertainty. Estimated burdens are rounded off to nearest 10s. The burden estimates are being updated using improved exposure (15 years) and risk function data and hence these estimates may change in future. Locations of the districts in each state are also shown in a GIS platform. We are developing an online interactive tool for easy access and demonstration of the data. Also, the PM 2.5 statistics for major cities and towns with population greater than 0.5 million and for the future are being extracted. The work is result of a recently concluded research project funded by Climate Change Division of Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India under a network program on Climate Change and Human Health.

2 Arunachal Pradesh COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP East Kameng 12.5± East Siang 13.8± Lower Dibang 11.6± Valley Lower Subansiri 13.1± Papum Pare 20.9± Tawang 13.7± Tirap 12.3± Upper Siang 21.1± Upper Subansiri 12.1± West Kameng 17.4± mortality Burden Using IER

4 Assam COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Barpeta 42.2± Bongaigaon 45.5± Cachhar 14.3± Darrang 43.1± Dhemaji 24.1± Dhubri 48.4± Dibrugarh 24.1± Goalpara 44± Golaghat 26.4± Hailakandi 27.4± Jorhat 32.1± Kamrup 19.2± Karbi Anglong 29.1± Karimganj 28.3± Kokrajhar 45.5± Lakhimpur 85.4± Marigaon 45± Nagaon 37.7± Nalbari 46± North Cachhar 28.2± Hills Sibsagar 23.4± Sonitpur 38.8± Burden Using IER

6 Andhra Pradesh and Telengana COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Adilabad 23.6± Anantpur 21.2± Chittoor 14.1± Cuddapah 15.7± East Godavari 31.4± Guntur 23.1± Hyderabad 21.1± Khammam 25.5± Karimnagar 28.3± Krishna 28± Kurnool 25.9± Mahbubnagar 30± Medak 23.9± Nalgonda 31.1± Nellore 19.7± Nizamabad 26.9± Prakasam 19.4± Rangareddi 21.7± Srikalulam 15.1± Vishakapatnam 27.6± Vizianagaram 15.1± Warangal 27.7± West Godavari 28.1± mortality Burden Using IER

8 Andaman & Nicobar Islands COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Andaman 9.4± Nicobar 7.1± Burden Using IER

9 Bihar COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Araria 74.7± Aurangabad 59.4± Banka 67.4± Begusarai 81.7± Bhabua 49.3± Bhagalpur 77.7± Bhojpur 72.5± Buxar 67.1± Darbhanga 87.4± Gaya 69.3± Gopalganj 84.9± Jamui 64.6± Jehanabad 74.5± Katihar 74.6± Khagaria 76± Kishanganj 72.5± Lakhisarai 81.7± Madhepura 84.6± Madhubani 87.4± Munger 75.9± Muzaffarpur 87.3± Nalanda 63.5± Nawada 63.6± Paschim 84.9± Champaran Patna 87.3± Purba Champaran 88.5± Rohtas 49.9± Saharsa 81.7± Samastipur 87.8± Saran 84.4± Sheikhpura 75.4± Sheohar 90.9± Siwan 83.8± Supaul 87.8± Vaishali 87.3± Burden Using IER

10 Southern part of Bihar Northern part of Bihar

11 Chandigarh COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Chandigarh 70.2± Burden Using IER

13 Chhattisgarh COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) in µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Bastar 16± Bilaspur 39.9± Dantewada 16.2± Dhamtari 30.4± Durg 37.7± Janjgir-Champa 43.4± Jashpur 34.3± Kanker 21.1± Kawardha 27.8± Korba 33.7± Koriya 35.7± Mahasamund 39.5± Raigarh 43.4± Raipur 37.7± Rajnandgaon 32.9± Surguja 33.3± Burden Using IER

15 Delhi COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Average of all districts Exposed Population Burden Using NLP 148.4± Burden Using IER

17 Daman & Diu COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) in µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Daman 36.4± Diu 48.8± Burden Using IER

19 Dadra & Nagar Haveli COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Dadra & Nagar Haveli Exposed population Burden Using NLP 30.4± Burden Using IER

21 Goa COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) in µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP North Goa 14.7± South Goa 16± Burden Using IER

23 Gujarat COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Ahmedabad 37.1± Amreli 36.4± Anand 36.8± Banas Kantha 30.9± Bharuch 48.3± Bhavnagar 35.9± Dohad 30.9± Gandhinagar 40.1± Jamnagar 29.9± Junagarh 27.3± Kachchh 49.6± Kheda 36.8± Mahesana 36.6± Narmada 36.6± Navsari 48.8± Panch Mahals 36.2± Patan 38.7± Porbandar 28.3± Rajkot 26.8± Sabar Kantha 30± Surat 33.9± Surendranagar 34.1± The Dangs 22± Vadodara 37.6± Valsad 48.8± Burden Using IER

25 Haryana COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Ambala 69.4± Bhiwani 92.3± Faridabad 100.5± Fatehabad 95.9± Gurgaon 102.5± Hisar 97.5± Jhajjar 99± Jind 97.5± Kaithal 93.5± Karnal 86.3± Kurukshetra 84.2± Mahendragarh 72.6± Panchkula 70.2± Panipat 95.8± Rewari 77.1± Rohtak 81.1± Sirsa 94.5± Sonepat 99.8± Burden Using IER

27 Himachal Pradesh COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Bilaspur 49.4± Chamba 19.4± Kangra 45.7± Kinnaur 3.7± Kullu 38.9± Lahul & Spiti 28.9± Mandi 44.9± Shimla 59.7± Sirmaur 39.4± Solan 50.8± Una 23.1± Hamirpur 44.6± Burden Using IER

29 Jammu & Kashmir COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Anantnag 35.7± Baramula 37.3± Jammu 51.8± Kathua 70.1± Kupwara 20.8± Leh 42.8± Pulwama 30± Punch 17± Rajauri 28.4± Srinagar 29.9± Udhampur 36.5± Burden Using IER

31 Jharkhand COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Bokaro 67.2± Chatra 53.5± Deoghar 61.5± Dhanbad 62.8± Dumka 71.4± Garhwa 51.3± Giridih 48.5± Godda 58± Gumla 32.4± Kodarma 43.7± Lohardaga 39.6± Pakaur 67.8± Palamau 33.1± Paschimi 29.7± Singbhum Purbi Singbhum 56.7± Ranchi 51.3± Sahibganj 57.3± Burden Using IER

33 Karnataka COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Bagalkot 24.3± Bangalore 11.7± Bangalore Rural 12.8± Belgaum 16.8± Bellary 18.6± Bidar 20± Bijapur 23.1± Chamarajnagar 10.8± Chikmagalur 11.8± Chitradurga 17.4± Dakshin Kannada 21.5± Davenagere 17± Dharwad 17.2± Gadag 25.1± Gulbarga 26.5± Hassan 11± Haveri 14.8± Kodagu 10.9± Kolar 11.8± Koppal 23.2± Mandya 16.3± Mysore 17.1± Raichur 30.1± Shimoga 14± Tumkur 13.9± Udupi 24.4± Uttara Kannada 13.2± mortality Burden Using IER

35 Kerala COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Ernakulam 24.1± Idukki 13.2± Kannur 29.1± Kasaragod 19.6± Kollam 17.1± Kottayam 12.3± Kozhikode 27.1± Malappuram 21.5± Palakkad 13.9± Pathanamthitta 13.9± Thiruvananthap 18.6± uram Thrissur 20.7± Wayanad 10.4± Burden Using IER

37 Lakshadeep COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Lakshadeep 24± mortality Burden Using IER

38 Madhya Pradesh COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Balaghat 28.7± Barwani 28.4± Betul 21.7± Bhind 80.1± Bhopal 24.5± Chhatarpur 58.5± Chhindwara 21.4± Damoh 35.9± Datia 55.2± Dewas 23.8± Dhar 24.9± Dindori 21.2± East Nimar 29.3± Guna 37.7± Gwalior 64.9± Harda 24.4± Hoshangabad 29± Indore 26.4± Jabalpur 29.6± Jhabua 27.8± Katni 33.8± Mandla 24.2± Mandsaur 33.9± Morena 60.5± Narsimhapur 24.2± Neemuch 38.7± Panna 46.8± Raisen 29.6± Rajgarh 27.8± Ratlam 28.4± Rewa 50.1± Sagar 26.9± Satna 42± Seoni 28.3± Burden Using IER

39 Shadol 30.4± Shajapur 28.9± Sheopur 53.8± Shivpuri 39.3± Sidhi 44.5± Tikamgarh 43.7± Umaria 35.7± Vidisha 30.1± West Nimar 28.6±

40 Western part of Madhya Pradesh Eastern part of Madhya Pradesh

41 Maharashtra COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Nandurbar 27.9± Ahmadnagar 24.5± Akola 24.4± Amravati 28.2± Aurangabad 20.4± Bhandara 33.8± Bid 22.1± Buldana 24.2± Chandrapur 34± Dhule 30.2± Gadchiroli 31.4± Gondiya 32± Hingoli 25.2± Jalna 24.8± Kolhapur 20.1± Latur 20.5± Mumbai 54.6± Mumbai Suburban 51.7± Nagpur 33.6± Nanded 24± Nashik 22.9± Osmanabad 20.6± Parbhani 24.1± Pune 22± Raigarh 47.4± Ratnagiri 33.4± Sangli 21.6± Satara 16.6± Sindhudurg 51.7± Solapur 23.9± Thane 37.6± Wardha 32.2± Washim 24.5± Yavatmal 27.3± mortality Burden Using IER

43 Manipur COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Bishnupur 18.4± Chandel 13.7± Churachandpur 13.7± Imphal East 14.1± Imphal West 18.4± Senapati 4.6± Tamenglong 18.4± Thoubal 14.8± Ukhrul 9.5± mortality Burden Using IER

45 Meghalaya COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP West Garo Hills 33.6± East Garo Hills 26.2± East Khasi Hills 29.1± Jaintia Hills 15.4± Ri Bhoi 15.5± South Garo Hills 48.7± West Khasi Hills 18.7± Burden Using IER

47 Mizoram COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Aizwal 12.3± Champhai 12.9± Kolasib 10.6± Lawngtlai 18.4± Lunglei 13.8± Mamit 18.6± Saiha 9.5± Serchhip 12.3± Burden Using IER

49 Nagaland COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Dimapur 21.4± Kohima 19.9± NaN NaN Mokokchung 20.8± Mon 15.3± Phek 12.4± Tuessang 13.9± Wokha 20.8± Zunheboto 5.9± mortality Burden Using IER

51 Orissa COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Angul 24.8± Balangir 35.1± Baleswar 7.2± Bargarh 39.4± Baudh 25.8± Bhadrak 46.2± Cuttack 47.1± Debagarh 34.1± Dhenkanal 41± Ganjam 20.5± Jagatsinghpur 44± Jajpur 39.6± Jharsuguda 42.9± Kalahandi 20.9± Kendrapara 46.7± Kendujhar 41.7± Khordha 7.6± Koraput 13.2± Malkangiri 17.9± Mayurbhanj 52.3± Nabarangapur 17.9± Nayagarh 37.2± Nuapada 22.9± Puri 25.5± Rayagada 12.1± Sambalpur 39.4± Sonapur 34.8± Sundarggarh 37.8± mortality Burden Using IER

53 Punjab COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Amritsar 73.7± Barnala 91±44.7 NaN NaN NaN Bhatinda 94.5± Faridko 95.8± Fategarh Sahib 88.9± Firozpur 86.1± Gurdaspur 81.7± Hoshiarpur 81.5± Jalandhar 92.4± Kapurthala 85.5± Ludhiana 95.3± Mansa 102.7± Moga 90.4± Muktsar 95± Nawanshahr 75.6± Patiala 88.9± Rupnagar 91.1± Sangrur 91.7± SAS Nagar 70.2±40 NaN NaN NaN Mohali Tarn Taran 100.1±47 NaN NaN NaN Burden Using IER

55 Pondicherry COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Kariakal 21.6± Mahe 29.7± Pondicherry 16.9± Yanam 12.1± Burden Using IER

57 Rajasthan COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline District Name PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Ajmer 51.9± Alwar 56.2± Banswara 28.5± Baran 40± Barmer 49.7± Bharatpur 79.5± Bhilwara 45.5± Bikaner 68.8± Bundi 53.3± Chittaurgarh 38.9± Churu 68.9± Dausa 66.3± Dhaulpur 75.5± Dungarpu 37.6± Ganganagar 92± Hanumangarh 84.6± Jaipur 64.3± Jaisalmer 62.8± Jalore 37.4± Jhalawar 34.3± Jhunjhunun 71.4± Jodhpur 55.3± Karauli 59.5± Kota 53.3± Nagaur 58.4± Pali 50.5± Rajsamand 34.9± Sawai-Madhopur 52.3± Sikar 52.6± Sirohi 30.5± Tonk 67.1± Udaipur 28.3± Burden Using IER

59 Sikkim COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP East 45.9± North 11.6± South 26.9± West 22.8± Burden Using IER

61 Tamil Nadu COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Ariyalur 18.1± Chennai 20.2± Coimbatore 14.1± Cuddalore 23.3± Dharmapuri 15.9± Dindigul 13.6± Erode 10.7± Kancheepuram 18.4± Kanyakumari 12.5± Karur 17.8± Madurai 17.1± Nagapattinam 17.9± Namakkal 17.3± Nilgiris 9.9± Pudukottai 17± Ramanathapuram 13.1± Salem 14.8± Sivganga 16.6± Thanjavur 22.3± Theni 11.7± Thirunelveli 15.2± Thiruvallur 20.1± Thiruvarur 18.4± Thoothukudi 13.4± Trichy 18.5± Vellore 15.2± Viluppuram 13.9± Virudhnagar 11.7± mortality Burden Using IER

63 Tripura COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP West Tripura 32.4± Dhalai 21.8± North Tripura 26.2± South Tripura 33.4± Burden Using IER

65 Uttar Pradesh COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Agra 75.5± Aligarh 96.2± Allahabad 76.7± Ambedkar Nagar 82.2± Auraiya 83.9± Azamgarh 85.1± Baghpat 84.6± Bahraich 67.1± Ballia 69.8± Balrampur 78.5± Banda 65± Barabanki 79.6± Basti 82.2± Bijnor 89.4± Budaun 96.1± Bulandshahar 108.1± Chandauli 74.1± Chitrakoot 48.5± Deoria 86.6± Etah 93.1± Etawah 85.6± Faizabad 83± Farukkabad 85± Fatehpur 74.9± Firozabad 89.3± Gautam Buddha 99.7± Ghaziabad 99.7± Ghazipur 83.1± Gonda 78.4± Gorakhpur 84.5± Hamirpur 75.1± Hardoi 85.6± Hathras 107.6± Burden Using IER

66 Jalaun 72.3± Jaunpur 83.7± Jansi 66.9± Jyotiba Phule 88.1± Nagar Kannauj 86.2± Kanpur Dehat 79.1± Kanpur Nagar 81± Kaushambi 67.1± Kheri 83.9± Kushinagar 84± Lalitpur 40.4± Lucknow 83.4± Maharajganj 72.8± Mahoba 59.3± Mainpuri 95.1± Mathura 93.5± Mau 86.8± Meerut 101.9± Mirzapur 57.8± Moradabad 93.5± Muzaffarnagar 87.9± Pilibhit 65.3± Pratapgarh 82.1± Rae Bareli 83.5± Rampur 89.2± Saharanpur 74.2± Sant Kabir Nagar 84.5± Sant Ravidas 75.2± Nagar Shahjahanpur 88.5± Siddharthanagar 74.7± Sitapur 83.9± Sonbhadra 52.3± Shrawasti 48.8± Sultanpur 80.6± Unnao 83.5± Varanasi 70.7±

67 Eastern Part of Uttar Pradesh Central Part of Uttar Pradesh

68 Western Part of Uttar Pradesh

69 Uttarakhand COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Almora 17± Bageshwar 15.6± Chamoli 88.1± Champawat 39.3± Dehradun 47.9± Garhwal 36.6± Hardwar 59.6± Nainital 57.4± Pithoragarh 23± Tehri Garhwal 35.3± Uttarkashi 52.9± Burden Using IER

71 West Bengal COPD Baseline IHD Baseline Stroke Baseline Lung Cancer Baseline Districts PM 2.5 (± 1 ) In µg/m 3 Exposed Population Burden Using NLP Bankura 73± Barddhaman 74.5± Birbhum 77.7± Dakshin Dinajpur 64.6± Darjeeling 69.4± Hooghly 66.4± Howrah 53.4± Jalpaiguri 66.1± KochBihar 58.2± Kolkata 55± Maldah 70.3± Murshidabad 72.8± Nadia 69.8± North 24 Pgs 66.3± Purulia 58.2± South 24 Pgs 61.1± Uttar Dinajpur 67.5± Burden Using IER

Sample Size and Allocation (ICE 360 o Survey, 2016)

Sample Size and Allocation (ICE 360 o Survey, 2016) RURAL URBAN All India Households Sample Households Households Sl. No. State Name Sample Sample Sample Sample Sampling Main Urban Sampling Main Sampling