Salter s of Rickmansworth

Salter s of Rickmansworth Allan Whitaker The history of Salter's brewery in Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire, has not been recorded in great detail. This paper traces its history from 1741, when it originally started as a brewhouse attached to the Coach and Horses in Rickmansworth, to 1924, when the brewery and 78 licensed properties were sold to the Cannon Brewery of Clerkenwell, London. Details of where the brewery was established and how the tied estate was acquired and retained by the various brewery owners during its 183 year history will be discussed. It has proved difficult to trace numerous details of the history of Salter's brewery and the composition of the tied estate and changes that occurred between 1741 when Samuel Salter I started brewing in a small brewhouse attached to the Coach and Horses in Rickmansworth High Street and 1924 when the brewery was sold to the Cannon Brewery in Clerkenwell, London. Neither the brewery, its owners or Rickmansworth are mentioned by Mathias, 1 Richmond and Turton 2 or Gervish & Wilson. 3 No details of the sale prospectus in 1924 could be found in the Record Offices in Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire or Greater London, nor could the Allied Brewery archives in Burton on Trent give any information. The entry for the Cannon Brewery Co Limited in The Brewery Manual (1953-54) states, in the section for remarks, in 1924 the freehold brewery and over 70 freehold houses from Messers Salters of Rickmansworth. 4 In Century of British Brewers Plus the entry for Salter & Co Limited, Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire states Acquired by the Cannon Brewery Co Limited of London in 1924 with 76 tied houses and was closed. 5 Cornell has given details of the Salter family history starting with Samuel Salter I (1697-1750), his son Stephen Salter (1726-1800) and grandson Samuel Salter II (1753-1829), showing how members of the Salter family were related through marriage to the Capell/Capel family of Watford, the Thurgood and Ind brewing families of Baldock, the Clutterbuck brewing family of Stanmore and also the Wodehouse, Fullerton, Granville and Davenport families. 6 In 1727, in the Rickmansworth Overseers Rate Accounts, it was recorded that Samuel Salter should pay one shilling for Brewery History Number 143 21

the rated period. 7 That rate would be an appropriate charge for a cottage. When he owned the Coach and Horses in 1741, the rate demanded had increased to four shillings indicating a change in occupation. Samuel died on 10 May 1750 and his son Stephen took over the business, which had evidently become more prosperous as the rate demanded in 1751 was eight shillings. Samuel Salter II went into a partnership with Job Woodman when the business became known as Salter & Woodman (1819-1825). Later it was known as Salter, Woodman & Fellowes (1829), Woodman & Fellowes (1830-1839) and Capell & Fellowes (1842-1874). 8 The business was incorporated in 1890 as a limited company and was known as Salter & Co Limited until the takeover in 1924. During the 1720s Samuel Salter I built a malthouse just inside the boundaries of Rickmansworth Park where the local Roman Catholic church is now located. 9 Sections of this malthouse now form part the fabric of the church hall. In 1759 Stephen Salter insured World's End being a house on the E[ast] side of the road at Rickmansworth in the parish of Rickmansworth (policy 79158). Wucklo's notes indicate this was a three storey house with stables, coach house, wash houses and lofts valued at 400. 10 During the following year he insured a brewhouse, mill house and malt house at World's End for 350 (policy 79159). In 1763 he also insured a two storey brick building being a malthouse and kiln on the west side of High Street at Rickmansworth in the parish of Rickmansworth being almost opposite his D[welling]H[ouse] and in his possession. (policy 82384). Because of the known position of the malthouse and the brewery on the large scale Ordnance Survey map of 1871 it can now be established that World's End was the original site of Salter's brewery on the east side of the High Street in 1760 and the brewery developed and remained on this site until 1924. It is possible to identify some of the Salter's tied estate from a study of tithe maps (c1840) and Petty Sessions licence records (1870-1924) that are kept in the relevant county archives, but unfortunately not all of these records still exist. More details can be found in two books on Hertfordshire inns and public houses, Branch Johnson s Hertfordshire Inns and Jolliffe and Jones s Hertford-shire Inns and Public Houses. 11 & 12 A few more are found in journals and books on local history. In this way it is possible to identify a few pre 1800, more c1840 and still more after 1870. In my book I reported that it had been possible to identify 66 of the 76 public houses sold to the Cannon Brewery in 1924; 45 were in Hertfordshire, 13 in Buckinghamshire, and six were in Middlesex (now part of Greater London). 13 Checking more recently available accurate records has 22 Journal of the Brewery History Society

since shown that six in Hertfordshire had been closed, sold or leases finished before the 1924 sale. The discovery of Poole's Allied Brewery Project in Hertfordshire Local Studies Library, access to the Cannon Brewery Estate Book 14 which had been transferred from the Allied Brewery Archives in Burton on Trent to the London Archives, Brown's book on Buckinghamshire breweries 15 and Wucklo's notes on Salter's Brewery has made it possible to get more detailed and accurate information and obtain a better understanding of Salter's brewery, the tied estate and other properties. Poole's project consists of a series of hand written abstracts of deeds and other relevant matter that are bound in two volumes and the following relate to Salter's brewery: 1. Miscellaneous documents 1825-1895 which deal with various leases by Salter & Woodman, Salter, Woodman & Fellowes (from Deed Room, Benskin House, Watford). 2. A lease on the 24 February 1819 from Mr Joseph Skidmore of Rickmansworth, maltster to Messrs Samuel Salter and Thomas Woodman of Rickmansworth, brewers for four inns in Rickmansworth (from Deed Room, Benskin House, Watford). 3. A deed of 10 October 1825 transferring a tied estate of 78 licensed properties plus other premises and land from Samuel Salter to Woodman and Fellowes (from Deed Room, Benskin House, Watford). 4. Report of the present state of repair of public houses in 1837 (Watford Museum). 5. Conveyance of brewery and some pubs, 24 June 1890 by Capt Wodehouse and others to Salter & Co Ltd and other deeds of 1868, 1889, 1893 and 1900 (from Deed Room, Benskin House, Watford). 6. Conveyance of Rickmansworth Brewery and properties to Cannon Brewery Co Ltd in 1924 (from Deed Room, Benskin House, Watford). The information in these abstracts makes it possible to obtain a fairly detailed factual account of the growth of the brewery estate and establish which tied houses, off-licences and other properties were sold and leases transferred to the Cannon Brewery in 1924 (Table 1) and the tied properties and other properties that were sold, only leased or closed before the sale (Table 2). The 1825 and 1890 columns in the tables refer to data in these abstracts. Original dates of purchase or other dates and other properties are quoted with reference origins when it has been possible to trace them. Some of these deeds also show how money was borrowed by mortgaging the brewery and properties. The growth of the tied estate was initially very gradual. After the purchase of the Coach and Horses with a brewhouse in Rickmansworth High Street, the next known property was the White Horse in Brewery History Number 143 23

Elstree in 1751. 16 Between 1759 and 1808 there were also purchases of the Chequers in Ickenham in 1759, 17 the White Hart in Edgware in 1762, 18 the George in Chesham in 1764, 19 the White Hart in Watford in 1765, 20 the Rose and Crown at Mill End in Rickmansworth in in 1767, 21 the Bell in Pinner in 1770, 22 the Swan in Chesham in 1771, 23 the Feathers in Uxbridge in 1772, 24 the Green Man in Bushey in 1773, 25 the Rose and Crown in Rickmansworth 26 and the Bull in Chesham in 1774, 27 the White Horse in Elstree and the White Horse in Little Stanmore in 1779, 28 the Feathers in Rickmansworth in 1780, 29 the Blue Boar (later Metropolitan) in Uxbridge in 1783, 30 the Vine in Hillingdon in 1783, 31 the Red Lion in Elstree in 1786, 32 the Cross in Maple Cross in 1793, 33 the White Bear in Batchworth Heath in 1795, 34 the Bull in Bovingdon in 1802 35 and finally the King's Head in Abbot's Langley in 1808. 36 These acquisitions formed an estate of at least 22 tied properties. More research focussed on old insurance documents might prove that more of the other tied houses quoted in the 1825 list had been bought before 1808. If this is not the case the expansion was very rapid between 1808 and 1825 to an estate of 78 tied houses. This estate consisted of 36 (26 (Table 1) + 10 (Table 2)) in Hertfordshire, 22 (12 + 10) in Buckinghamshire and 20 (16 + 4) in Middlesex (now part of Greater London). There were nine in Rickmansworth and 13 in Chesham (Tables 1 & 2). The main part of the estate was near to Rickmansworth and Chesham. St Albans was the furthest north, Beaconsfield was the furthest west, Uxbridge the furthest south and Elstree the furthest east. Poole did not make any reference to deeds to finance the purchase of over 50 more properties between 1808 and 1825 or finance for tripling the capacity of the brewery to cope with extra demand. It does not appear from the available information that Salter's bought a brewery with a tied estate in Chesham. Poole did not abstract any deeds on a Chesham brewery. Neither Wucklo nor Brown recorded any brewery purchase by the Salter family. Most of these properties would appear to have been bought separately from inn owners or local gentry. The Crown and the Red Lion in Chesham were both bought from the Gomm family. 37 There were in addition on the 24 February 1819 the acquisition of the leases of four inns in Rickmansworth for 1,100 from Mr Joseph Skidmore, a maltster in Rickmansworth, by Samual Salter and Thomas Woodman. 38 These were the Bell Inn, the George Inn, the Swan Inn and the Rose and Crown at Woodcock Hill. There was also a bond from Skidmore to Salter and Woodman for 2,100. On the 12 November 1825 there was an assignment for leases of the Swan, George, Bell and Rose & Crown, all in Rickmansworth from Messrs Salter & 24 Journal of the Brewery History Society

Woodman to Mr James Steptoe in trust for Messrs Salter, Woodman & Fellowes. The signatures being Samuel Salter of Rickmansworth, Job Woodman of Rickmansworth, brewer, Thomas Fellowes of Rickmansworth, gentleman, and James Steptoe of Rickmansworth, gentleman. 39 A note book kept in Watford Museum contains a report dated 28 February 1837 on the Present State of Repair of Public Houses, Inns & etc. in Middlesex, Hertfordshire and Buckinghamshire, undertaken by Daniel Cronin, surveyor of 12 East Street, Lambs Conduit Street, London. 40 The total dilapidation in this inventory was estimated at 3,202 and 12 shillings. Salter's brewery was not specified but 76 of the names corresponded with those of the tied estate. On 11 August 1868 there was an indenture between William Capel and the Reverend Thomas Fellowes with George Wilmot and William James Sharp for a mortgage of 450 at 5% per annum on land in Rickmansworth. 41 On 7 September 1874 there was another mortgage for 5,000 with interest from Arthur Algernon Capel, Earl of Essex and Thomas Cochrane to Frederick Fellowes. 42 In the period between 1825 and 1890 there were a small number of properties bought, closures and lease agreements but it is important to note that 64 (52 + 12) held in 1825 were still retained at the end of this time period. The Coach and Horses at Croxley Green is not recorded in Poole's 1890 deed abstract although it is recorded in Petty Sessions licence records and Jolliffe & Jones record it as being transferred from Salter to the Cannon Brewery, Taylor Walker and finally Ind Coope. Similarly there is no record for the True Lovers Knot at Northwood although Poole later records it as being sold to the Cannon Brewery and it is also in the Cannon Brewery Estate Book. These extra ones increase the total to 66. It has not been possible to identify an unnamed licensed property near Watford Station (London and Birmingham Railway) that was leased by Vera Fane and William Fyningham Praed Esq to Messrs Woodman & Fellowes on 3 September 1839. 43 The brewery became Salter and Co Ltd as a limited company on the 24 December 1889 with a capital of 21,000 to acquire the business of Salter and Co. 44 There were eight shareholders including Reverend Edward Capel, Reverend Clutterbuck, Admiral Sir John Fullerton, Major Bevil Granville and Thomas M. Davenport. This was reported in the Brewers Guardian of January 1890. 45 After 1890 there were few more acquisitions of property and a total of 78 formed part of the sale to the Cannon Brewery. 46 This total included 71 full licences, six beer houses and one off licence. The only significant change in territory was the purchase of the Hertfordshire Arms in Windsor, Berkshire extending the ter- Brewery History Number 143 25

ritory much further to the south west. The Cannon Brewery Estate Book records all of these properties together in one place except the Coach & Horses in Croxley Green and the Rose & Crown, Woodcock Hill in Rickmansworth. It noted by Jolliffe and Jones that these two properties were transferred from Salter to Cannon, Taylor Walker and Ind Coope. At various times during the brewery's existence leases of public houses have been recorded. These are recorded in Tables 1 & 2 where appropriate. On the 23 March 1893 there was another mortgage of the brewery and 66 public houses on the 1890 list by EH Wodehouse and FG Oliver for 2,000 at 5% per annum. 47 This mortgage was finished on the 22 March 1900 by EH Wodehouse and FG Oliver. 48 After 1900 there was a government policy to decrease the number of licences where were considered too many for the size of local population. This resulted in forced closures which are recorded in the appropriate Petty Sessions records. 49 Examples were the Chequers, Cross, George & Dragon and Prince of Wales in Rickmansworth (Table 2). The deed summary for 1825 mentions a house and brewhouse, etc, in Rickmansworth. 50 This brewhouse was supplying at least 78 tied properties. It also mentions the malthouse in the High Street and tracts of land known as Dolly Field's field, Coles Field, Mill Mead, Church Mead and Basing Field. On 3 September 1879 there was a counterpart lease of a house and land in Ickenham, Middlesex by the trustees under the will of Samuel Salter deceased to John Radcliff. 51 There were also various tracts of land and properties mentioned in Tables 1 & 2. By 1890 the brewery had also acquired two cottages at Batchworth Heath. 52 On 12 July 1895 there was a reconveyance of land in Bushey from the trustees of the Clergy Mutual Life Assurance Society to Salter & Co. 53 When the brewery was bought in 1924, the additional properties in Rickmansworth included Basing Barn Garage, 18 and 20 High St, Fortune Cottages, 48 Talbot Road, 74 and 75 Apsley End and Lower Field at Frogmore End. 54 However there was no mention of the fields owned in 1825. In 1798, Samuel Salter II paid for the construction of a short arm of the Grand Junction Canal which had been constructed as far as Rickmansworth in 1796.The wharf at the end of this branch canal was only 400 yards from the brewery. It was probably used for the transport of barley and malt or for barrels of beer to London and their later return. In June 1830, this wharf was leased by Fellowes, with the consent of his partner Capel, to James Cooper. 55 The major expansion of this brewery had taken place by 1825 when there were 78 licensed properties in the tied estate. In the next 99 years there were a number of acquisitions and disposals but the size of 26 Journal of the Brewery History Society

the tied estate remained relatively steady. When the brewery was sold in 1924 there were 78 properties in it's tied estate and 56 of them had been kept since 1825. The proportion of the estate with full licences was very high. References 1. Mathias, P (1959) The Brewing Industry in England 1700-1830. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2. Richmond, L. and Turton, A. (Eds) (1990) The Brewing Industry - A Guide to Historical Records. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 3. Gourvish, T.R. and Wilson, R.G. (1995) The British Brewery Industry 1830-1980. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 4. Potter, J.G.(Compiler) The Brewery Manual 1953-54. Pubished at 194-200 Bishopsgate, London. p.100. 5. Barber, N. (Editors Brown, M. and Smith, K.) (2005) A Century of British Brewers Plus. Longfield: Brewery History Society. p 57. 6. Cornell, M. (2005) Salter's of Rickmansworth. Brewery History, No. 119. pp.32-40. 7. Cornwall, N. (1965) Salter's Brewery - Rickmansworth. Rickmansworth Historian, No. 9 Spring. pp 625-626. 8. Poole, H. Allied Brewery History Project, Part 1. Hertfordshire Local Studies, County Hall, Hertford. 9. Jacques, A. and Jacques, C. (1996) Rickmansworth - A Pictorial History. Phillimore, Chichester. p.xvii. 10. Wucklo, L.M. Folder about Salter's Brewery of Rickmansworth. D119/153. in Buckinghamshire County Record Office. 11. Branch Johnson, W. (1963) Hertfordshire Inns - A Handbook of Old Hertfordshire Inns and Beerhouses. Part 2. West Herts. Letchworth: Hertfordshire Countryside. 12. Jolliffe, G. and Jones, A. (1995) Hertfordshire Inns & Public Houses. An Historical Gazetteer. Hatfield: Hertfordshire Publications. 13. Whitaker, A. (2006) Brewers in Hertfordshire. Hatfield: University of Hertfordshire Press, pp.173-76. 14. Cannon Brewery Estate Book. LMA/4433/D/03/001 in Greater London Record Office. 15. Brown, M. (2007) ABC: A Brewer's Compedium. A Directory of Buckinghamshire Brewers. Longfield: Brewery History Society. 16. Wucklo, L.M. op. cit. 17. Cornell, M. (2005) op. cit. 18. Wucklo, L.M. op. cit. 19. Brown, M. (2007) op. cit. 20. Wucklo, L.M. op. cit. 21. ibid. 22. ibid. 23. Brown, M. (2007) op. cit. 24. Cornell, M. (2005) op. cit. 25. Wucklo, L.M. op. cit. 26. ibid. 27. Brown, M. (2007) op. cit. 28. Wucklo, L.M. op. cit. 29. Jacques, A. and Jacques, C. (1996) op. cit. 30. Cornell, M. (2005) op. cit. 31. ibid. 32. Branch Johnson, W. (1963) op. cit. 33. Jolliffe, G. and Jones, A. (1995) op. cit. 34. Cornwall, N. (1965) op. cit. 35. Branch Johnson, W. (1963) op. cit. 36. ibid. Brewery History Number 143 27

37. Brown, M. (2007) op. cit. 38. Poole, H. Allied Brewery History Project, Part 1. op. cit. Abstract of lease 1819. 39. Poole, H. Allied Brewery History Project, Part 1. 40. ibid. Abstract of Report of state of repair of public houses in 1837. 41. Poole, H. Allied Brewery History Project, Part 1. 42. ibid. 43. ibid. 44. ibid. Abstract of Conveyance of Rickmansworth Brewery and some pubs 26th June 1890 and other Deeds of 1868, 1889, 1893 and 1900. 45. ibid. 46. ibid. Abstract of Conveyance of Rickmansworth Brewery and properties to Cannon Brewery Ltd. 31st March 1924. 47. Poole, H. Allied Brewery History Project, Part 1. 48. ibid. 49. Petty Sessions Alehouse Licences for Watford Division PS19 3/1, 3/2, 3/3. Hertfordshire County Record Office, Hertford. 50. Poole, H. Allied Brewery History Project, Part 1. Abstract of Deed of 10th October, 1825. 51. Poole, H. Allied Brewery History Project, Part 1. 52. Poole, H. Allied Brewery History Project, Part 1. Abstract of Conveyance of Rickmansworth Brewery and some pubs 26th June 1890 and other Deeds of 1868, 1889, 1893 and 1900. 53. Poole, H. Allied Brewery History Project, Part 1. 54. ibid. Poole, H. Allied Brewery History Project, Part 1. Abstract of Conveyance of Rickmansworth Brewery and properties to Cannon Brewery Ltd. 31st March 1924. 28 Journal of the Brewery History Society

Location Name Status Acquired 1825 1890 Notes Herts Brewery History Number 143 29 Abbot's Langley Winchelsea's Arms Clutterbuck in 1868 King's Head FL 1808 # * Batchworth Heath Coach and Horses FL,L Green Man FL # * Plus two cottages in 1890 White Bear FL 1795 # * Bear 1890 21 Bovingdon Bull FL c.1802 # * Boxmoor Three Blackbirds FL 1843 * White Horse FL 1901 * Bourne End. White Hart pre 1890 Bushey Queen's Arms BH * Was Coachbuilders Arms, Green Man Red Lion FL # * Plus land White Hart FL # * Plus land Chorley Wood Black Horse FL 1772 # * Was Finchs, Finches Arms and Earl of Gate FL White Horse FL 1838 * Croxley Green Coach and Horses FL 1829 # Lease from Mr Allen to Salter & Co Fox and Hounds BH 1923 Lease until 1923 Elstree Farmer's Boy BH Green Dragon FL # * Red Lion FL 1768 # * Flaunden Green Dragon FL 1838 * Garston Three Horseshoes FL, C * Copyhold purchased from Thomas Hunton Bridge King's Head FL 1841 # * Cottage and malting London Colney Swan FL 1842 Lease Woodman to Capel & Fellowes Maple Cross Cross FL 1793 # * Was Maple Cross Northchurch Old Grey Mare FL # * Plus land. Grey Mare 1890 Radlett Railway Inn FL 1786 # * Was Cross Keys and Red Lion Rickmansworth Cart and Horses FL 1822 # * Coach and Horses FL 1741 # * Feathers FL 1780 # * Was Cock Fox and Hounds FL 1891 Halfway House FL, L 1866 8 Lease by Mr Brown to Capell & Co in 1866.

30 Journal of the Brewery History Society Lease by Mr White 24 Rose and Crown by Salter & Co 1825 17 Table 2 FL 1767 # * Miill End.Assignment of lease to Mr Steptoe Rose and Crown FL 1903 Woodcock Hill. Initially leased from Lord Ebury Victoria Hotel FL 1888 Licence transferred from Sugar Loaves, Whip and Collar FL # * St Albans King Harry FL # * King William IV FL Sarratt Boot FL # * Cock FL # * Shenley Black Lion FL # * Lion in 1825 Two Waters Bell FL # * At Hemel Hempstead plus land Watford Wheatsheaf FL # * Plus large pleasure ground near railway arches White Hart FL 1765 # * Was Essex Arms, Maidenhead Berks Windsor Hertfordshire Arms BH Bucks Beaconsfield George FL # * Old Hare FL # * Hare 1825 to 1890 Chalfont St Giles Crown FL # * Plus land Sugar Loaves FL # * Three Sugar Loaves 1825 to 1890 Chalfont St Peter King's Arms FL # * White Hart FL # * Plus cottage Chesham Cock FL # * Crown FL # * George FL 1764 # * Hen and Chickens FL # * At Botley King's Arms FL # * Swan FL 1771 # * At Ley Hill, Botley. Date when first supplied Three Tuns FL *

Waggon and Horses FL # * Townsend Road OL Brewery History Number 143 Greater London (Middlesex) Eastcote Black Horse FL # * Edgware Boot FL # * White Hart FL 1762 # * Harefield Fishery FL White Horse FL # * Plus land Hillingdon Eight Bells FL # * Vine FL # * Ickenham Coach and Horses FL # * Northwood True Lovers Knot FL # Pinner George FL # * Pinner Green Bell FL # * Ruislip George FL # * One Bell BH * Swan FL # * Ruislip Common Six Bells FL # * Red Lion, Black Pots Seer Green Three Horseshoes FL,L Uxbridge Feathers FL # * George FL # * Metropolitan FL # * Was Blue Boar's Head, Castle Three Tuns FL # * Table 1. Salter s tied estate sold to Cannon Brewery in 1924. Key: FL = Full Licence, BH = Beer House, OL = Off Licence, L = Lease, C = Copyhold/ 31 Sources: Branch Johnson, W. (1963) Hertfordshire Inns - A Handbook of Old Hertfordshire Inns and Beerhouses. Part 2. West Herts. Letchworth: Hertfordshire Countryside; Petty Sessions Alehouse Licences for Dacorum Division PS6 3/1, 3/2. Hertfordshire County Record Office, Hertford; Tithe Map of Chorleywood. (1838) DSA4 80/1 (Award), Off. Acc. 550 (Map); Poole, H. Allied Brewery History Project, Part 1. Hertfordshire Local Studies, County Hall, Hertford; Abstract of Conveyance of Rickmansworth Brewery and some pubs 26th June 1890 and other Deeds of 1868, 1889, 1893 and 1900; Tithe Map of Abbot's Langley. (1841) DSA 63/1 & 2. Hertfordshire

32 Journal of the Brewery History Society County Record Office, Hertford; Wucklo, L.M. Folder about Salter's Brewery of Rickmansworth. D119/153. in Buckinghamshire County Record Office; Jolliffe, G. and Jones, A. (1995) Hertfordshire Inns & Public Houses. An Historical Gazetteer. Hatfield: Hertfordshire Publications; Brown, M. (2007) ABC: A Brewer's Compedium. A Directory of Buckinghamshire Brewers. Longfield: Brewery History Society; Abstract of Deed of 10th October, 1825; Petty Sessions Alehouse Licences for Watford Division PS19 3/1, 3/2, 3/3. Hertfordshire County Record Office, Hertford. Location Name Status Acquired 1825 1890 Notes Herts Abbot's Langley True Blue # * Plus land Batchworth Anchor and Hope BH, L Licence refused 1905 Batchworth Heath Queen's Head # * Licence refused 1911 Berkhamstead Red Lion # Plus land, closed after 1881 Boxmoor Artichoke 1858 Assignment by Mrs Woodman to Capel & Co Bushey Royal Oak Chorley Wood Fox 1873 Closed Croxley Green Green Man Elstree Red Lion # * White Horse 1751 Hemel Hempstead Fountain Lamb Royal Oak BH 1842 Lease from Woodman to Capel & Fellowes Oxhey Victoria Rickmansworth Anchor and Hope Closed 1906 Bell 1819 Lease from Salter & Co to Mr Steptoe Chequers # * Closed 1911 Cross # * Mill End. Plus field in 1828. Closure 1911 Cross Keys 1874 Did not renew licence Fisherman 1874 * Closed 1911 George 1819 16 Lease from Salter & Co to Mr Steptoe George and Dragon After 1891. Closed 1911 Greeen Man Mines Royal Arms 1838

Brewery History Number 143 Prince of Wales High Street. Closed 1912 Prince of Wales Woodcock Hill. Closed 1923 Red House Royal Oak Sugar Loaves # Licence transferred to Victoria Hotel 1888 Swan 1819 Lease from Salter & Co to Mr Steptoe White Horse # Watford Angel # * Licence refused 1903 24 Chequers High Street. Closed 1909 24 Chequers # * Waterdale. Closed pre 1900 Essex Arms # King's Arms Maidenhead # Swan 1874 Leavesden Victoria BH 1858 Chalk Hill White Horse Bucks Amersham King's Arms # * Beaconsfield Elm Tree # * Chesham Bull 1774 Private house in 1810 Bull and Butcher Jack of Newberry # Mermaid # 1890 Butcher's shop formerly Mermaid Star # * Star in 1825, One Star 1872 Punchbowl # Queen's Head # * Sold to Wellars of Amersham after 1890 Royal Oak # * Two Brewers # Private house in 1890 Denham Hare and Hounds 1830 Lease ftom Mr Way to Woodman & Fellowes Langley Marsh Three Horseshoes L 1872 leased from Duke of Leeds Sparrows Heath Green Man Stoke Poges Five Bells Wooburn Royal Oak # * 33

34 Journal of the Brewery History Society Greater London (Middlesex) Edgware Cock * George 1856 # Lease from All Souls College, Oxford Harefield King's Arms # Hillingdon Fountain # Ickenham Chequers # Little Stanmore White Horse 1779 Uxbridge Swan and Bottle FL,L 1836 Winchmore Hill Nelson Table 2. Salter s sales or disposals before the 1924 sale to the Cannon Brewery. Key: FL = Full Licence, BH = Beer House, L = Lease Sources: Poole, H. Allied Brewery History Project, Part 1. Hertfordshire Local Studies, County Hall, Hertford; Wucklo, L.M. Folder about Salter's Brewery of Rickmansworth. D119/153. in Buckinghamshire County Record Office; Brown, M. (2007) ABC: A Brewer's Compedium. A Directory of Buckinghamshire Brewers. Longfield: Brewery History Society; Abstract of lease 1819; Tithe Map of Chorleywood. (1838) DSA4 80/1 (Award), Off. Acc. 550(Map)). Hertfordshire County Record Office, Hertford; Tithe Map of Abbot's Langley. (1841) DSA 63/1 & 2. Hertfordshire County Record Office, Hertford; Petty Sessions Alehouse Licences for Watford Division PS19 3/1, 3/2, 3/3. Hertfordshire County Record Office, Hertford; Nunn, J.B. (Ed.) (1987) The Book of Watford. A portrait of our town.c.1800-1987. Watford: Pageprint,.pp.357-59. Note: In 1911 licences in Rickmansworth were previsionally renewed on 27/02/1911 and forced closure on 31/12/1911 with compensation.