ISSN 0585-9980 SURREY ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY CASTLE ARCH, GUILDFORD GU1 3SX Guildford 32454 Bulletin N u m b e r 2 4 9 J u l y / A u g u s t 1 9 9 0 COUNCIL NEWS Annual General Meeting The Hon Secretaries would like to thank those members who have indicated that they will be attending the 1990 AGM. In view of the response, the larger hall has been booked and full details will appear in the October issue of the Bulletin. Guildford Castle Excavation The excavation will take place in the Castle Cliffe Gardens (opposite the Museum side entrance) from 2nd-22nd July. There will be a special guided tour of the Castle and the excavation for members of the Society on Saturday 21 st July, starting at 2 p.m. at the excavation site. There will also be an opportunity to visit the Museum to view the display about the Castle that accompanies the excavation.
Geophysical Survey A Geophysical survey was undertaken during April on the site of the Society's training dig at Castle Cliffe Gardens. Both a resistivity and a gradiometer survey were conducted using Geoscan equipment and geoplot programmes processed through a PC. The results of these surveys are quite encouraging indicating the remains of wall foundations, as well as later features including what is probably a filled in mine-shaft and evidence of landscaping such as an infilled pond. Of the wall foundations seen as a result of the survey, a major wall runs along the length of the gardens with several smaller ones running off it. The position of a doonway may also be represented by a break in the major wall. Council Matters At the meeting of Council held on the 20th April, Lady Hanworth announced that she would not be standing for re-election as President of the Society. It was reported that Mr J Guest had kindly agreed to act as Local Secretary for the Leatherhead area, and Mr D Taylor for the Cobham area. The Young Archaeologists' Club, which meets in Guildford, continues to flourish and Council are actively seeking to establish a second Club in the east of the County. The Committee responsible for the organisation of the Club would be pleased to hear from anyone interested in becoming a member of the Committee, particularly anyone with teaching experience. It was announced that due to pressure of other commitments Mr M Curtis had resigned from the post of Publicity Officer. The Secretaries, Audrey and David Graham, would be pleased to hear from anyone interested in taking on this function. Miss E Humphreys, the former Hon Editor of the Bulletin, has taken over as secretary of the Publications Committee following the resignation of Mr Curtis. VISITS COMMITTEE SAS VISIT TO BELTRING, HORSMUNDEN AND CHIDDINGSTONE CASTLE arranged by David Evans Wednesday 19th September This is a combined visit with SIHG 8.30 am Coach leaves Guildford at the rear of the BR Station in Guildford Park Road 9. 0 0 a m D o r k i n g H a l l s 9.15 am Reigate, at the Red Cross pub at the junction of High Street, Park Lane and West Street Proceed to the Whitbread Hop Farm at Beltring 10.00 am Arrive at the Whitbread Hop Farm. Refreshments available for those who require them (Cost not included) 1 0. 3 0 a m G u i d e d t o u r 12.15 pm Depart for the Gun Inn at Horsmunden, an historic inn with iron working connections. There is a local furnace site. Pub lunches available (cost not included) 1.45 pm Depart for Chiddingstone Castle 2.30 pm Arrive Chiddingstone Castle. Introductory talk given. No guided tour.
as the nature of the Exhibition does not lend itself to this. Surprises abound in this cornucopia of discovery 3.45 pm Afternoon tea (please state if not required) 5.00 pm Depart for Guildford (Approx) 6.30 pm Arrive back in Surrey TICKETS: Members 12.50, non-members 13.50, students 6.50 to include administration, coach, gratuity, admissions and afternoon tea. Please send SAE, with cheque, to Mrs Jean West, 123 Ewell By Pass, Ewell, Epsom, Surrey, KT17 2PX (Tel; 081 393 8970) not later than 30th August to enable final arrangements to be completed. SAS VISIT TO SEND MARSH AND RIPLEY arranged by Jean West with help from the Send and Ripley History Society Wednesday 10th October 10.30 am Meet at the Manor House, Send Marsh Green by kind permission of Les and Anne Bowerman 11.00 am Walk round Send Marsh Green and discuss some of the interesting old houses with Les Bowerman and John Slatford (The party will be divided here) 12.00 pm Leave for Ripley village. Suggest parking in the Village Hall car park. Disperse for lunch. The Anchor and The Ship inns are close by, or a little further away The Jovial Sailor, The Seven Stars or The Talbot. Picnic lunch may be had on the Village Green by the Talbot 1.45 pm Reconvene at the Village hall 2.00 pm Proceed on a Ripley Village walk about with Les Bowerman and John Slatford It is hoped to visit some of the more important Ripley houses including Chapel Farm and Vintage Cottage by kind permission of their owners Mr & Mrs Neville Roberts and Mr & Mrs Alistair MacMillan 4.00 pm After finishing with a look at Ripley Church, return to the Village hall for afternoon tea provided by the Send and Ripley History Society (please state if not required) TICKETS: Members 5.00, non-members 6.00, students 1.50 to include administration, morning coffee and afternoon tea and donations. Please send SAE with cheque to Mrs Jean West, 123 Ewell By Pass, Ewell, Epsom, Surrey KT17 2PX (Tel: 081 393 8970) not later than 20th September to enable final arrangements to be completed. LIMITED TO 50. ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH COMMITTEE S u r r e y H i s t o r i c L a n d s c a p e s P r o j e c t S t e v e D y e r The end of the first fieldwalking season provides an opportunity for a progress report. During this season the fieldwalking team has covered an area of some 96 hectares (237 acres) of ploughed land in the Bocketts Farm and Thorncroft area of Leatherhead. The finds made are still being processed but some preliminary comments can be made: the major discovery has been a scatter of Roman pottery, initial dating gives a range from the 2nd to 4th centuries, included with this scatter has
been a quantity of Roman roofing tile, some daub and slag and three coins which support this dating, (Valens [364-78], Gallienus [258-68] and one at the moment illegible). These finds taken together obviously point to a nearby farmstead. All but one of the fields walked produced a thin scatter of worked flint, some of the smaller finer worked pieces appear to be of Mesolithic date with the majority being Neolithic with some Bronze Age. Very little of the recovered material appears to be working debris and in view of the natural occurence of flint nodules in the area several tools have been utilised from poor quality flint or possibly from waste material. The field where very little struck flint was found had a deeper more humic topsoil, the suspicion that it had been woodland recently and was bounded on the downslope (NW) by a woodbank was confirmed from documentary sources, (Rocques map of 1768). Several fields have produced a few sherds each of prehistoric pottery, including Mortlake ware and some Bronze Age sherds. Aerial photographic evidence has shown much of the higher ground in the Bocketts Farm area to be covered by a Celtic Field System, possibly associated with the known Iron Age occupation site at Hawkes Hill, no contemporary pottery has yet been identified. Several features seen on aerial photographs have been seen as soil marks and have been surveyed by David Field using an electronic distance meter. Also at Hawkes Hill is a Saxon cemetery, Saxon pottery has been found in fields around Bocketts Farm. This is unusual as pottery of this type breaks down very quickly and is not normally found in fieldwalking exercises in this part of the country. The spring and summer programme will concentrate on the Norbury Estate area, where evidence for extant features, boundaries, etc. will be recorded as well as looking at the historic land use, including woodland management. Where suitable hedgerows exist these will be used to test theories of relative dating by species count. Whilst surveying the field systems and other earthworks fieldworkers are noting the types of vegetation around them. So far the most obvious correlation between land usage, history and present plant cover is that areas of Fetcham Downs and The Scrubs shown as ploughed fields on late 18th century maps or on Tithe Maps and awards of c.1840 are now covered with hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) scrub. The arable maximum of the early 19th century saw more land under the plough in most areas than at any time since the early 14th century but was followed by a farming depression when much of this marginal land "tumbled down" to dereliction. A flavour of the change within a man's lifetime can be gained from the decrease in arable usage of the clay-with-flints soil type from 76.5% in c.1870 to 17.0% in c.1939 (Shave, D W in Stamp, L D & Willatts, E C, "The Land of Britain", pt 81, "Surrey", Geogr. Publ, Ltd, 1941). One of the methods of increasing the yield from poor land was Devonshiring or denshiring paring the surface, burning it and spreading the ashes before shallow ploughing (first mention 1607). This practice leaves its mark in the placename Denshire Hill. As more land was ploughed the supply of wood products was reduced and the price boomed. Oak timber increased in value from 0.08/cu.ft. in 1780 to 0.24/cu.ft. in 1815, ash from 0.05/cu.ft. to 0.17/cu.ft. and undenwood from 0.21/acre-year to 0.60/acre-year between the same dates (Rackham, O, "Ancient Woodland", Arnold, 1980) these increases considerably outreach inflation. Some of the lynchets above Bocketts Farm bear the remains of hazel coppice with oak and ash standards; evidence that it had become economically viable to intensively manage even these small, steep land areas as woodland. For further information on the project please contact Steve Dyer 081-541-9457 (days), or Judie English 0483-276724 (evenings).
Field Surveying Workshop The Archaeological Research (formerly Excavations) Committee will be holding a day workshop on Saturday, August 4th from 10.00 am until approx. 5.00 pm. The morning session will be held in the Leatherhead Institute and will cover the use of various levels, surveying by offsets, tape and compass worl<, tachiometiy and electronic distance measuring. The emphasis will be on practical problems in field conditions. In the afternoon these techniques will be used in the area presently under study by the Landscape History Project, near Leatherhead. Transport between the two locations will be available. There will be time to eat sandwiches or visit one of the local hostelries at lunchtime. To facilitate arrangements please let one of us know if you wish to attend:- Steve Dyer 081-541-9457 (day); Judie English Guildford 276724 (evening) LIBRARY COMMITTEE Researcli Material Gillian Drew, Hon Librarian It is perhaps worth reminding members of the existence of a large collection of what is commonly called "Research Material" at Castle Arch. This has been built up over the years since the early days of the Society, largely as a result of donations and bequests by members, of maps, prints, manuscript notes, photographs, slides and scrapbooks, newspaper cuttings, etc. Much of this material is of considerable value, not only in monetary terms but also as a resource for local historians. It is available for consultation by members on application to Mrs White at Castle Arch. It might be argued that there is not adequate space or suitable conditions for storing the material at Castle Arch, and this may explain the fact that the Society has attracted few sizeable additions to its Research Collections for more than thirty years. There is obviously a space problem at Castle Arch but we are doing our best to improve storage conditions, and would like to think the Society is still in a position to receive donations of this nature. The local history notes and materials acquired by members over the years have formed a vital and living part of the Society's collections they are part of our heritage as well as that of the local historian in general. We are more than grateful to current members who have donated items to our Research Collection. If anyone sees the Society as a suitable home for any items large or small, please contact the Hon Librarian at Castle Arch in the first instance. The material is now becoming much more useable than it ever was it is being properly indexed for the first time! Clandon Park Requests for material housed at Clandon Park are on the increase. It has been agreed by the Library Committee that visits to Clandon House be on a regular basis at two weekly intervals. The Curators at Clandon House have agreed that this will be on the second and fourth Monday in every month, commencing Monday May 14th 1990 at 9.30 am. Requests should be with the Assistant Librarian, Mrs J White, by 5.00 pm on the previous Friday for collection on the Monday. It should be noted that the Assistant Librarian will not be in attendance at Castle Arch until her return from Clandon House on these occasions.
Recent accessions to the Society's Library S U R R E Y G E N E R A L Bailey, H B, The history of freemasonry in the province of Surrey. Prov Grand Lodge of Surrey. 1970 Johnson, Walter & Wright, Wm, Neolithic man in north east Surrey, (annotated copy for reference only loan copy in stock) Eliot Stock London 1903 Donation Tankard, Judith & Van Valkenburg, Michael, Gertrude Jekyll, a vision of garden and wood. J Murray. 1989 West Surrey Family History Society Publications Microfiche Series 3 Association Oath Rolls for Surrey, 1695. WSFHS 1989 Record Series 9 Index of Surrey wills proven in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury 1650-1700. 1989 Record Series 10 The return of owners of land 1873, Surrey (excluding the metropolis). 1989 S U R R E Y L O C A L Blackman, Michael E, A short history of Walton-on-Thames. Paper no: 28 of Walton & Weybridge LHS 1989 Donation Bourne Society, Then and now. The changins scene of Surrey life in Coulsdon & Purley. Bourne Society 1989 Davis, Ron & Dorothy, The Virginia Water picture book. Egham & Runnymede Hist Soc. 1989 Donation Edwards, Michael & Frances, Planting design for the museum garden. Friends of Godalming Museum. 1990 Donation Excavation in Southwark 1973-76, Lambeth 1973-79. Joint Pubn No: 3, LAMAS & S A S 1 9 8 8 Haillay, Tim & Miller, Patricia, Preliminary report of archaeological evaluation work at Sutton Place, Sutton. Museum of London 1990 Donation Hersham, Surrey. An account of the parish of St Peters, Hersham. Hersham Press Ltd 1977 Jackson, Alan A (editor). Around Dorking in old photographs. Alan Sutton 1989 Donation Knight, David, Dorking in wartime. D Knight 1989 Donation Miller, Patricia, Preliminary report. 113-121 High Street, Croydon. Museum of London 1989 Pamphlet Donation Nielson, Robin, Preliminary report of archaeological excavation at Merton Bus Garage, Colliers Wood, SW19. Museum of London 1990 Donation Nielson, Robin, Report on archaeological excav. site watching of Wandle overflow... Museum of London 1990 Donation Saxby, D, An evaluation of trial work at Wandle Meadow, Hackbridge, Sutton. Museum of London 1990 Donation Tucker, Steve, Interim floodwater storage pond site, Beddington Sewage treatment works. Museum of London 1990 Donation Williamson, G C, Guildford Charities. Corp of Guildford 1931 Donation LITHIC TOOL RESEARCH GROUP The Group met in Dorking on 5th May: the meeting was attended by several members who brought along flint tools of their own, and others' collecting for examination and discussion. Collecting areas included Dorking, Westcott, Abinger, Horsell, Reigate and Ewell.
One major point that emerged during the discussion was the problem of locating hitherto unknown flint tool collections made in past years, and now held by individuals, throughout Surrey. Suggested means by which such collections could be brought to light varied: no one method seemed feasible. The Group would be grateful if anyone knowing of such material would pass on that information to the organiser, Pat Nicolaysen, at 295 West Barnes Lane, New Maiden, Surrey KT3 6JE (081-949 2085). SURREY INDUSTRIAL HISTORY GROUP The Group has recently produced, with the assistance of Surrey County Council, a publicity leaflet about the industrial history of the county which also gives details of SIHG. Copies of this leaflet are enclosed with this issue of the Bulletin and members of SAS are reminded that they can join the Group for a reduced subscription. We hope that those SAS members who are already members of SIHG will pass the leaflet to someone to whom it may be of interest. Pillbox Survey The Group's Survey has been in progress for about a year revealing several well camouflaged pillboxes. One, at Elstead, complete with pyramidal tiled roof, now serves as a summerhouse; another at Shalford houses the filtration equipment for a swimming pool; yet another, near Chilworth, once a farm building converted to house an anti-tank platform and large loophole, has been given a further lease of life by refurbishment as a cottage with a very unusual window! The Survey is continuing but more volunteers are required in their local areas, particularly east of Dorking. For further details contact Chris Shepherd, 22 Ridgway Hill Road, Farnham, Surrey GU9 8LS. Help would also be welcomed by the Gantry Craneworking party at the Old Kiln Museum on the 29th June 1990. Telephone: Tony Stevens 0483-65375 for details. HOLMESDALE NATURAL HISTORY CLUB Subject to funding being agreed, Reigate and Banstead Archaeological Coordination Committee is organising an excavation in Reigate during August. The excavation will be one of a number in advance of the town centre redevelopment but on this occasion will be reliant on volunteer help. The work is intended to expand on an area originally explored in 1976 (SyAC 72, 175-90) which revealed a deep channel filled with late 16th century deposits. Volunteers should contact David Williams on 0737-247296 in the first instance. ASSOCIATION FOR INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY This year the Annual Conference for the AIA is to be held in Guildford at the University of Surrey with much of the programme being arranged by the Surrey Industrial History Group. The conference starts at 1900 on Friday 7 September until lunchtime on Sunday 9 September, with the supplementary programme of visits and talks continuing until Thursday 13 September.
The lectures include general introductions to the industrial archaeology of the county together with specific talks on the following:- Brool<lands, Gunpowder Mills, Extractive industries of Surrey, the Basingstol<e Canal, Woking, Gatwick Airport, Surrey Turnpikes, Surrey Paper Mills, the Royal Aircraft Establishment at Farnborough, the Military Town of Aldershot and the moving and restoration of the Lowfleld Heath Windmill. Visits will take place to Brooklands airport, racetrack and museum, Chilworth gunpowder site, the water turbine at Godalming, the Godstone hearthstone quarries (underground), Betchworth chalk pits. Rural Life Centre at Tilford, Farnham Maltings, Painshill Park, Basingstoke Canal, Wey Navigation, Chatley Heath semaphore tower, Gatwick "Beehive" building, Sugg gas lighting works, Lowfield Heath windmill, Westcott stationary engine museum, Outwood windmill. Swallow tile works, the RAE at Farnborough and the Military Museum at Aldershot. This is the first time that this annual conference has taken place in Surrey and it will be some considerable time before it returns to our county. It is felt that among the talks and visits outlined above there will be many of interest to SAS members and so for those not requiring residential accommodation at the university special concessionary rate booking arrangements have been made. Details of these together with the full programme are given on leaflets prepared by SIHG which may be obtained from Castle Arch. Members wishing to attend all or part of the conference are asked to return these completed leaflets as soon as possible. L O N D O N A N D M I D D L E S E X A R C H A E O L O G I C A L SOCIETY Special Publications Offer to members of Surrey Archaeological Society Listed below are publications of LAMAS which are now available to SyAS members at the lower price. Orders should be sent to: Christine Jones, Publications Assistant, London & Middlesex Archaeological Society, do The Museum of London, London Wall, London EC2Y 5HN. Orders will be dispatched directly to members together with an invoice which will include an additional amount to cover postage and packing. The offer closes on 30th September. Special Papers [equivalent to SyAS Research Volumes] Excavations at Billingsgate Buildings, Lower Thames Street, London, 1974 by David J o n e s ( S p e c i a l P a p e r N o. 4, 1 9 8 1 ) 5. 0 0 O f f e r : 3. 5 0 Medieval Waterfront Development at Trig Lane, London by Gustav and Chrissie M i l n e ( S p e c i a l P a p e r N o. 5, 1 9 8 2 ) 1 0. 0 0 7. 5 0 Medieval Pottery London-type Ware J by J Pearce, A Vince and A Jenner (Special P a p e r N o. 6, 1 9 8 5 ) 6. 0 0 4. 0 0 The Roman Art Treasures from the Temple of Mithras by J M C Toynbee (Special P a p e r N o. 7, 1 9 8 6 ) 5. 0 0 3. 5 0 The Roman Quay at St Magnus House, London by L Miller, J Schofield and M R h o d e s ( S p e c i a l P a p e r N o. 8, 1 9 8 6 ) 1 1. 0 0 8. 0 0 The Sl<eletal Remains from the Cemetery of St Nicholas Shambles, London by W W h i t e ( S p e c i a l P a p e r N o. 9, 1 9 8 8 ) 9. 9 5 6. 5 0 Medieval Pottery Surrey White Wares by J Pearce and A Vince (Special Paper No. 1 0, 1 9 8 8 ) 1 3. 9 5 1 0. 0 0 Aspects of Saxo-Norman London: I Building and Street Development by V Horsman, C Milne and G Milne (Special Paper No. 11,1989) 12.95 8.60
NOTES The Ice House, Manor Farm, Ockley, Surrey (TQ157 408) Penelope Adamson Joint project with the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings and the Surrey Historic Buildings Trust The Ice House is located among the buildings of Manor Farm, Ockley, Surrey. The ice chamber is a domed brick structure with a barrel vaulted brick porch, entered through a brick arch doonway, on the north side. An unusual conical timber roof structure rests on an outer drum of brickwork. Ten sets of rafters are radially placed resting on a central post. The roof is covered with clay tiles which were laid on laths and torched. Until recently, the building was in a derelict state, covered with ivy and trees. While the ice chamber and brickwork of the barrel vault were in good condition, the roof structure had failed and the outer brick skin was in a poor state. The repair of this modest building was considered a suitable long term project for the Society of Ancient Buildings' scholars and fellows (four qualified architects and three specialist craftsmen on a six-nine months' repair course) to have a hands-on involvement. The project is being undertaken over a long period. In 1989 the vegetation was removed, the trees poisoned and the building surveyed. This year it was decided that the outer 4.5" skin of the dome would have to be re-built to allow for the removal of the tree roots which had formed a mesh between the outer 4.5" and the inner 9" brick dome. The existing bricks were cleaned and re-built with a sand/lime mix of 9:2. It is proposed next year that the conical roof structure will be re-built using as much of the existing salvaged spars as possible and making up with new oak. The roof will then be clad with rent laths and hand-made tiles. The Surrey Historic Buildings Trust is financing the project from its Small Grants Scheme. Open Field Agriculture in the Blackheath Hundred Judie English, Cranleigh Owen Davies' note in Bulletin 248 prompts a few preliminary comments about open field agriculture as evidenced by documentary sources. The Blackheath Hundred comprises nucleated villages in the Tillingbourne (Shalford, Albury, Shere and Gomshall) and Bramley Wey (Bramley, Wonersh and Shamley Green) valleys, with originally dependent, non-nucleated settlements on the Weald clay (Hascombe, Alfold, Dunsfold, Cranleigh and Ewhurst). Documentary evidence exists for open fields in Shere and Shalford (GMR 85/14/4) and Shamley Green (Tithe Map). The Court Rolls for Albury (GMR 1322/1/1-25) contain many references to manorial customs the most detailed of which dates to 1523 and states that there is an "agreement between the Lord's tenants that there are three fields westfield southfield and Birecroft field and that one shall lie fallow every third year and that after mowing the Lord shall first enter with his cattle and aftenwards the tenants to feed in common and the other field called northfield shall be sowed every year". Extensive research has failed to find any such evidence for Alfold, Cranleigh or Ewhurst; the situation in the other parishes/manors is not known to me. An apparent division between fertile valley villages with an arable economy and Wealden farms predominantly concerned with stock raising during the Medieval period and later renders Owen Davies' finding of ridge and furrow in the clay of the Mayes Green/Wallis Wood area exceptional. To which settlement do they relate? What is the manorial context in the Paddington/Abinger/Ockley area? Over to you, Shirley!
74 Castle Street, Farnham ( SU 8399 4696) David Graham This property, currently occupied by Welter Eggar, estate agents, lies on the east side of and about one third of the way up Castle Street just to the south of a passageway. The passage leads to the Castle Street/Bear Lane development site on which Rob Poulton and his team located and dug a section of the medieval town ditch in 1989 (Bulletin 235). At the time it was noted that the main development site, which lies to the rear of the properties fronting Castle Street, had obviously been levelled. As expected, the excavation and subsequent site watching showed that no pre-twentieth century occupation levels had remained intact. However, one opportunity remained to examine an apparently unlevelled section of ground in the small garden which lies immediately to the rear of 74 Castle Street. Permission was obtained from Weller Eggar and a small team spent one Sunday excavating a 1.50m square trench to a depth of 76cm from the current ground surface. Beneath a layer of garden topsoil, a 15th/16th century working surface was located, which produced green glaze pottery, ash and bone. Underneath this level lay an almost complete medieval sagging-based coarseware cooking pot, which had been braced by the vertical insertion of a roof tile. Associated with this was a layer of tile and ash which ran into the north section of the trench. It seems likely that this feature forms part of the flue of a medieval kiln, the main body of which apparently lies to the north of the garden under the existing passageway. This construction was very similar to that of the flues of the 13th century through-draught pottery kiln excavated behind the nearby Windsor Almshouses in 1973 (SyAS 73, 101-114). Despite the very restricted area, the excavation did establish the existence of intact medieval levels in this section of the town. It is perhaps surprising, however, to find a kiln being constructed in such a central location. This seems to imply that the area enclosed by the town ditch was by no means fully developed in the 13th century. Reigate: 16 and 18 Bell Street (TQ254 502) David Williams Further work in the town centre took place last August and September in advance of the construction of a large shopping and office redevelopment. The work was funded by London and Metropolitan PLC and Reigate and Banstead Borough Council and carried out by the Countryside Heritage Section, Planning Department, Surrey County Council. At 16 Bell Street work concentrated on uncovering more of the plan of a medieval building which had first been exposed during the excavation of adjacent areas by the Holmesdale Archaeological Group in 1974-6 and 1983 (Surrey Arch Coll 74, 47-89 and Sy/\S Bull 186). In the light of recent work some conclusions reached from the earlier work will need to be revised but not the general chronology. The east-west wall (numbered F9 in the report) was found to continue to the east to form the south wall of the building. The identification of the wall F7 as the rear wall of this building is now clearly wrong and this must have lain further west (and have been destroyed). Projecting southwards from a point within the southerly wall, and presumably a later addition, was a conduit formed of re-used, finely-worked ashlar. This appeared to channel water away (? from the roof) to a wall found in the adjacent excavation. The earliest feature found, dating to the late 12th or early 13th century, was the terminal of a substantial wall foundation orientated at right angles to the street. Adjacent, at 18 Bell Street, no medieval buildings were found. Medieval occupation remains on this site were characterised by a number of intercutting pits. A group of these located well back from the frontage can be interpreted as cesspits (one reached a depth of 1.5m). From the few finds each contained these pits appear to have been filled in in the late 12th or early 13th century date. Other pits, grouped for the most part closer to the street, aooeared to have been dug for rubbish disposal. One contained a
fragment of a cylindrical column shaft, and other stone mouldings were recovered from the construction cone of the well noted above. A more general rubbish and rubble spread of 15th century date covered much of the area. It remains unclear whether the quite different forms of activity recorded on these adjacent sites do indeed represent separate tenements or reflect discrete zones of activity within one large plot. Although most of the later deposits were perforce removed by machine one mid 18th century rubbish pit is worth noting. Among other material from this pit were fragments of stoneware tankards a number of which bore the publican's name GLASBROOK and the applied image of a wigged gentleman holding a staff. Another bore the name John (B)arber and another bore a George and Dragon motif. Research into surviving documents may reveal the identity of these pieces. A final fragment can with certainty be identified with the Bell Inn. Also identified at the time of writing is a fragment, from an 18th century context, of a lebrillo, a green-glazed bowl from Seville. MISCELLANY Wey Navigation: The National Trust received a prize under the Guildford Heritage Awards for its work on the River Wey Navigation in recognition of the Trust's work at the old Dapdune Wharf in Guildford. The wharf dates back to c 1670 and is the last surviving wharf in Guildford. The old barge graving dock has been restored together with associated buildings. Simultaneously an old abandoned wooden barge, one of the last to be built at the wharf, was rescued off the mud flats at Leigh on Sea, Essex, made watertight and brought back up the tidal Thames and River Wey to Dapdune Wharf. (NT Southern region newsletter) Saxon Cemetery, Leatherhead Finds from the Cemetery discovered during excavations of the Goblin Works Leatherhead will be on display at the Leatherhead Museum until the end of August. (Open Fridays 10 a.m. -1 p.m. and Saturdays 10 a.m. - 4 p.m.) Oxshott Bricl(works A request for information about the brickworks has been received by SIHG from Mr H Sutherland. If anyone can help, phone Mr Sutherland on 0372-843429. Sir IVIortimer Wheeler Mike Curtis, editor of Yesterday's World, is seeking personal reminiscences and photographs of Mortimer Wheeler at work as part of an article in celebration of 100 years since his birth. Please contact Mike Curtis, Flat 8, 5 Darlaston Road, Wimbledon, London SW19 4LF Phone 081-944-0037 (evenings). Samuel Edward Winbolt in "The Times" Anyone who has investigated sites in Surrey or Sussex is likely to have come across the work of this indefatigable amateur archaeologist of the 1920's and 30's. He was a compulsive communicator, publishing not only in the recognised archaeological press but also in magazines and newspapers. Much of his work is easily accessible, but the articles in The Times may easily be overlooked. Some 130 articles have been transcribed and the resulting volume deposited at Castle Arch, in the hope that it may contain snippets of information useful to modern archaeologists and also with irritated affection for a field worker who could publish the conjectural course of a Roman road as passing "to the west of the female holly tree with the broken top". (Judie Enqlish)
D o v e c o t e s I n t h e 1 9 9 0 v o l u m e o f t h e Tr a n s a c t i o n s o f t h e A n c i e n t M o n u m e n t s Society (no. 34) there is an interesting introduction to the dovecotes of England and an impressive 38-page preliminary gazetteer of extant remains and sites, from medieval times to the 20th century. The gazetteer contains a number of sites only known from documentary references and is arranged by modern counties. It includes eleven entries under Surrey (including one that belongs to Greater London) plus four 'Surrey' sites within Greater London. The gazetteer has been prepared and the introduction written by Mr M J A Beacham, apparently of Somerset. Mr Beacham is hoping to receive additions and corrections. (D J Turner) MEETINGS 17th July "Coins from Kingston" a talk by Norman Clarkson to KuTAS at the Heritage Centre at 8 pm 18th July The East Grinstead Society invite us to a lecture by Dr B Short, School of Cultural and Community Studies, University of Sussex entitled "The Development of Regional inequality within South-East England", East Court, East Grinstead at 8 pm (Non-members 1) 21st July Guildford Castle Excavation guided tour of the castle and excavation starting at 2 pm at the excavation site. 26th July Chertsey a talk by Cathy Aitken to the Egham-by-Runnymede Historical Society at 8 pm at the Literary Institute 27th July "The hillfort at llford and the Iron Age of London", a talk by Pamela Greenwood to the Wandsworth Historical Society at the Friends' Meeting House, Wandsworth High Street, at 8 pm 29th July A guided tour of Kingston by Miss Shipley organised by the Walton and Weybridge Local History Society. Meet at 2.30 pm at Kingston Museum 1st August "Historic sites in Israel" a talk by Richard Butler to the Nonsuch Antiquarian Society at St Mary's Church Hall, Kingston Road, Ewell, at 8 pm 7th-9th September Association for Industrial Archaeology 18th Annual Conference at Surrey University Advance notice: 10th November "The Artist in Surrey" Surrey Local History Symposium at Surrey University 17th November "The Battle of Britain" Half-day Conference at Christ Church College, Canterbury organised by the Council for Kentish Archaeology to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Battle of Britain Editor: Audrey Monk, Bryony Bank, Beech Hill, Hambledon, Nr. Godalming, GU8 4HL Next Issue: Copv to the Editor reauired bv 26th July 1990 for Seotember issue