SOFIA Safe AutOmatic Flight Back and LandIng of Aircraft At: AERODAYS 2011 Session 4A2 Date: 31/03/2011 By: Juan Alberto Herrería (jherreria@isdefe.es) Tel: + 34 91 271 1747 AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 1
SOFIA Overall Data Budget: 4,997,984 Duration: 39 months Start date: 1 st September, 2006 Web Site: www.sofia.isdefe.es SOFIA Consortium: AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 2
SOFIA WBS SOFIA Project WP 0 MANAGEMENT ISDEFE WP 1 OPERATIONAL ISSUES DFS WP 2 SYSTEM DESIGN SIA WP 3 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT THALES WP 4 VALIDATION GALILEO WP 5 DISSEMINATION & EXPLOITATION ISDEFE WP 1.1 FRF Environment GALILEO WP 1.2 FRF Integration in Airspace DFS WP 1.3 Regulatory Issues DFS WP 1.4 Certification Issues ISDEFE WP 2.1 FRF Functions Allocation SIA WP 2.2 Safety Assessment ISDEFE WP 2.3 FRF Functions Design SIA WP 2.4 Data Requirements GALILEO WP 3.1 Specification of the Test Bed SKYSOFT WP 3.2 Platforms Adaptation THALES WP 3.3 FRF Functions Implementation THALES WP 3.4 Data System Development SIA WP 4.1 Validation Plan ISDEFE WP 4.2 Validation Trials GALILEO WP 4.3 Evaluation of Results THALES WP 5.1 Dissemination & Exploitation Plan SKYSOFT WP 5.2 SOFIA Web Site ISDEFE WP 5.3 Dissemination Activities ISDEFE WP 3.5 Test Bed Integration AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 DFS 3
SOFIA s Operational Concept Enabling the automatic return to ground of an airplane in the event of onboard hostile actions AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 4
SOFIA Core: the FRF (1/2) The Flight Reconfiguration Function (FRF) is SOFIA s core: Disables the control and command of the aircraft from the cockpit Takes the control of the airplane under on-board security emergencies Manages to safely return the airplane to ground PILOT COMM FMS FCS FRF FCS FMS FCS Actuators Control Devices AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 5
SOFIA Core: the FRF (2/2) It means to create and execute, without any control from ground, a new flight plan towards a secure airport and landing the airplane at it The flight plan can be created according to three solutions: 1. By an Authority on Ground and negotiated with the FRF system (Flight Planning with negotiation) 2. Integrally by the FRF system (Flight Planning without negotiation) 3. In a military airplane and transmitted to the aircraft (Military A/C Relay) The execution of the new flight plan is autonomously performed by FRF AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 6
FRF Procedures AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 7
FRF Functions Decision Centre Function (DCF) Manages FRF capabilities and controls events Health Monitoring System Interface (HMS) Monitors for external systems failures critical to FRF Route Planning and Static Flight Monitoring (RPL) Generates a suitable flight path to a secure airfield Guidance Management and Leg Management (GLM) Performs flight guidance Route Re-planning (RRP) Performs re-routing due to a conflict Dynamic Flight Monitoring (DFM) Monitors aircraft performances and resolves conflicts External Communication (COM) Processes the information to be exchanged with the GSDS Display Management (DSM) Manages displays when FRF is active AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 8
Trajectory Generation by FRF The Trajectory is generated by FRF considering: Destination airfield according to the threat Jeppessen data Weather, terrain, obstacles, restricted areas and PSA (Prohibited for Security Areas) Fuel Aircraft performances FRF enables Trajectory updates due to: ATC messages (e.g. change in destination airfield) Weather Traffic Obstacles, PSA AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 9
Validation Resources DAI DA-42 Simulator 17 runs 18 flights IoA I-23 Aircraft Flight Trials FRF DAI DA-42 Aircraft 4 flights GAL ATENA 5 runs Ground Simulations DFS ATC 200.000 FH THA/AIRLAB PILOTS Preliminary Validation (Implementation) ATCOs Final Validation AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 10
Procedures Validation (ATCOs) Overall Results related to the procedures : One unique procedure for SOFIA must be committed (ICAO) All three FRF procedures are workable by the ATCOs with safety within acceptable limits Minimum of 15 minutes for the negotiation phase Ranking of Solutions Solution flight replanning without negotiation with D/L Solution flight replanning with negotiation Solution flight replanning without negotiation without D/L AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 11
FRF Validation by Pilots 20 THAV pilots and experts attended the 14 different scenarios and provided feedback: FRF can use either public airways or specific waypoints To investigate FRF maintaining altitude until IAF, as for radio-loss procedures, instead of initiating descent as for regular flight To investigate FRF performing an emergency descent (power dive) to reach safety altitude as soon as possible instead of idle descent to optimize range AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 12
FRF in the Flight Trials The FRF system was easily integrated on the A/C FRF automatisation can be used in an open, easy to adapt way to support the flight crew in case of repeatable flight operation Such functionality can be of big interest for smaller aircraft in case of problems like disorientation, bad weather, etc. But at least as emergency procedure EASA issued a permit to fly for the I-23 AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 13
Take Home Messages (I) SOFIA defined different procedures for managing aircraft in security emergency being controlled by FRF Safety and operation of these procedures were validated and approved by ATCOs SOFIA started the assessment of regulatory and certification frameworks for such systems Discussions with ICAO, EASA, EUROCONTROL, SESAR, National CAAs It is needed a ground authority and system (GSDS) at European level to: Take legal responsibility of decisions Generate and track the flight plan for the FRF aircraft Coordinate with national authorities, ANSP and airports AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 14
Take Home Messages (II) SOFIA moves aviation security a step forward SOFIA opens the door towards the exploration of new application areas for FRF functionality Safety Small general aviation aircraft Highly automated systems UAS Single crew operations SOFIA validated some FRF functions now available for aircraft operations in the future SESAR environment 4D trajectory management Trajectory generation AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 15
THANK YOU VERY MUCH ANY QUESTION? AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 16