Research on the Model of Precise Poverty Alleviation in the Construction of Tourism Villages and Towns in Northern Anhui Province

Research on the Model of Precise Poverty Alleviation in the Construction of Tourism Villages and Towns in Northern Anhui Province Yongcheng Wu 1, Min Li 2, Long Li 3 1 Suzhou University, School of Management Engineering, Suzhou 234000, China 2 Anqing Vocational and Technical College, Department of Social Undertakings, Anqing 246003, China 3 Suzhou University, School of Management Engineering, Suzhou 234000, China Abstract The northern Anhui region boasts of obvious geographical characteristics and abundant tourism resources. Although the tourism towns and villages in northern Anhui are well developed, the economic base is very weak. There are still many problems in the construction of tourism villages and towns. Therefore, the state promulgated the corresponding precision poverty alleviation policy to improve the quality of life of the village residents. This paper analyzes the connotation of precision poverty alleviation from the perspective of tourism, briefly studying the main body of tourism precision poverty alleviation. It also carries out researches on the model of comprehensive precision poverty alleviation in the construction of tourism villages and towns with the scientific development, comparative advantage and stakeholder theories, in order to provide a reference for promoting the economic construction of tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui region. Keywords: Precision Poverty Alleviation, Comprehensive Construction, Northern Anhui Region. 1. RESEARCH BACKGROUND 1.1 Literature review On December 2015, the State Council issued a policy proposing to promote the integration of agriculture and tourism, culture, education and other industries, to strengthen the overall planning, to expand the village tourism ecological civilization construction approach. In the same year, Vice Premier of the State Council pointed out when inspecting poverty alleviation work in poverty-stricken areas, that tourism poverty alleviation is an effective way to improve the quality of life of the local poor population. Therefore, the government should focus on promoting the combination of poverty alleviation and tourism development and ecological protection of poverty-stricken areas by promoting poverty alleviation project support for the participation of poor people in the poverty-stricken areas. So each participant can obtain the dividends and the corresponding income from the development of tourism industry, in order to empower the poor population in the poverty-stricken areas the poor population in the poverty-stricken areas to shake off and embark on the road to prosperity through the tourism development. In addition, tourism poverty alleviation will have to improve the local service system, to strengthen infrastructure construction, to promote brand management of the poor region, to enrich local tourism products, to promote the integration of tourism industry and the first industry, the second industry and the third industry. It aims to improve the overall income of the poor population so that the poor can enjoy the benefits from the development of tourism, thus improving the efficiency of the comprehensive construction of precision poverty alleviation in the tourism towns and villages (Ju, 2015). 1.2 Research significance In recent years, tourism poverty alleviation has become the most important way of poverty alleviation in China. In the theoretical sense, the current research on poverty alleviation by Chinese scholars mainly focuses on the mechanism, effect and mode of tourism poverty alleviation. Some scholars have also proposed solutions to the problems of project target deviation and project object misappropriation in poverty alleviation (Wang, 2015). 990

This paper first discusses the concept and theoretical basis of tourism poverty alleviation, and finally puts forward the corresponding evaluation model to provide reference for the classification of poverty-stricken areas, which aims to provide the basis for the research and practice of poverty alleviation in China s tourism villages and towns. From the practical point of view, this paper constructs the corresponding analysis framework of precision poverty alleviation and puts forward the realization path of precision poverty alleviation mode. It provides a solution to overcome the difficulties facing poverty alleviation in tourism villages and towns in China. It is of practical significance to promote the comprehensive construction of the precision poverty alleviation in tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui. 2. THEORETICAL FOUNDATION FOR TOURISM PRECISION POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN VILLAGE AND TOWN 2.1 Tourism precision poverty alleviation connotation With the rapid development of China's tourism poverty alleviation, its specific concepts have been mentioned in China s policy discussions and academic researches. However, for the time being, it has not formed a unified view of the definition of poverty alleviation in China. However, from the different definitions, the author found there are many of its common grounds, for example, tourism poverty alleviation is based on the development of tourism, to improve the quality of life of the poor population through local tourism development; tourism precision poverty alleviation is generally developed in the weak economic base with a certain tourism development conditions in poor areas; tourism precision poverty alleviation is a hematopoietic poverty alleviation, and the like. In poverty alleviation, it is only one of the ways in which poverty alleviation whose most important feature is the realization of the poverty alleviation for the local population by virtue of local market conditions and resource conditions (Xu, 2016). 2.2 Identification subject of tourism precision poverty alleviation 2.2.1 Poor population Poor people are the direct bearers of the comprehensive construction of tourism villages and towns, and they are the destination and starting point for the work of poverty alleviation. In the process of precision poverty alleviation, the poor are the direct beneficiaries of economic development. At the same time, the Poverty Alleviation Project also requires the participation and implementation of the local residents. It has the power to understand the impact of the integrated construction of tourism villages and towns on the local social culture and local traditions. Therefore, in the process of identifying poverty alleviation, it should give full play to the main role of the poor population, who are made to participate in the projects of precision poverty alleviation, which will help to improve the per capita income of the population in the northern Anhui regions and improve the life quality of the poor population and promote the sustainability and relevance of precision poverty alleviation projects. 2.2.2 Government The government is an important participant in the comprehensive construction of poverty alleviation projects in the tourism towns and villages. It is not only reflected in the approval and planning of infrastructure construction and precision poverty alleviation projects in the tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui, but also in the investment funds for precision poverty alleviation. In the identification of precision poverty alleviation projects of the comprehensive construction of tourism villages and towns, on one hand, the government can monitor the efficiency of poverty alleviation projects and improve the efficiency of resource use. On the other hand, it can make up for the market shortages, grasp the development direction of tourism in northern Anhui and improve the economic benefits of the tourism industry. 2.2.3 Business With the continuous development of China s economic market, in the process of identifying poverty alleviation in tourism villages and towns, enterprises play an important role in poverty alleviation projects. It can help the formation of a wide range of the main body of the diversified villages and towns tourism poverty alleviation, but also bring social and economic benefits for the poor people in northern Anhui with their own development at the same time. However, due to the characteristics of profit-chasing of the enterprises, in the projects of poverty 991

alleviation, the government must guide and regulate the enterprises, so as to ensure the healthy development of enterprises and tourism projects. 2.3 Overview of theory of poverty alleviation in villages and towns 2.3.1 Scientific development theory The scientific development theory of tourism poverty alleviation in villages and towns should be based on the main requirement of the local residents, which is mainly embodied in two aspects: first, the scientific development emphasizes that the tourism poverty alleviation projects should involve all the local poor residents, which is not only related to the poor population with better capitals and material resources, so that all the poor residents of the poor areas can get rid of poverty and improve their living environment; second, poverty alleviation projects should take the economic development of the local residents, sustainable benefits and population stability as the starting point, in order to help the poor population to improve their abilities, to promote the sustainable development of poor people in poor areas and to achieve long-term poverty alleviation for the poor. 2.3.2 Comparative advantage theory The comparative advantage theory of precision poverty alleviation refers to the effective division of labor and organization of economic activities in poverty-stricken areas, according to the differences in human geography and natural resources unique to poverty-stricken areas (Chen, 2016). Because of the different resources and cultural differences in different poverty-stricken areas, poverty alleviation projects can be carried out by virtue of their own unique advantages, and it can greatly promote poverty alleviation projects in poverty-stricken areas. Therefore, in the strategic choices of comprehensive construction of poverty alleviation in tourism villages and towns, the comparative advantage theory should be used to develop the advantageous industries in poverty-stricken areas and to improve the local economic and social benefits. 2.3.3 Stakeholder theory Stakeholders are those who can be affected in the process of achieving goals or who can influence the achievement of organizational goals. Stakeholder theory means that long-term economic prosperity can be achieved by meeting the needs of stakeholders. Therefore, in the comprehensive construction of poverty alleviation in tourism villages and towns, meeting the needs of stakeholders can achieve the sustainable development of the local economy. The stakeholders of tourism poverty alleviation projects are local residents, tourists, governments and enterprises (Xu, 2016). Satisfying the needs of these stakeholders can achieve long-term poverty alleviation in poor areas and promote the economic development of the tourism industry in poverty-stricken areas, so that every poor person can benefit from projects in poverty alleviation. The sketch map of poverty alleviation theory is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Sketch Map of Poverty Alleviation Theory 992

3. ANALYSIS ON THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PRECISION POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN VILLAGES AND TOWNS IN NORTHERN ANHUI REGION 3.1 To Speed up infrastructure construction of villages and towns Beautiful ecological environment and tourism scenery are important measures to promote the construction of tourism villages and towns. Therefore, in the construction of tourism villages and towns, it should strive to optimize the ecological environment of the northern Anhui tourism villages and towns, to change the messy environment of the original village. In addition, the construction of tourism villages and towns can solve the contradiction between environmental protection and economic development of villages and towns, and ensure the economic development of villages and towns without causing harm to the environment. In addition, the construction of tourism villages and towns also led to the development of infrastructure in villages and towns in northern Anhui, with the rational use of tourism resources of the local villages and towns. Especially at the beginning of the construction of tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui Province, the village government increased investment in infrastructure construction, to solve the problems of travel difficulties of the local villagers, which brought certain welfare for the local villagers in ensuring the healthy development of villages and towns at the same time (Shu, 2016). 3.2 To improve welfare of village residents In the construction OF the tourism villages and towns of Northern Anhui region, first, it needs to improve its service system. However, at present, the public service function of the villages and towns in northern Anhui is weak. Strengthening the comprehensive construction of tourism villages and towns is effective to improve the administrative level and capacity of the government. In the construction of precision poverty alleviation, it can build the appropriate educational institutions and medical institutions to provide protection for local residents to receive high-quality education and health care through the fund-raising. In addition, in some tourist villages and towns, it also developed a corresponding social security system to ensure that residents can enjoy the corresponding cash subsidies. In general, the precision poverty alleviation can improve the welfare of the residents of the tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui, strengthen the public service capacity of the township government, and lay a good foundation for the further development of the northern Anhui (Mao, 2016). 3.3 To improve income of residents of villages and towns Comprehensive construction of poverty alleviation can improve the income of the residents of tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui. It is necessary to pay attention to the collective economic development of tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui Province, to strengthen the industrial construction of tourism villages and towns, and fundamentally solve the income problem of residents in northern Anhui as the main purpose of precision poverty alleviation. Residents can get dividends by participating in tourism projects, or by selling local products, running hotels and restaurants and the like. At present, per person in the tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui can achieve 300 yuan as the bonus, and per capita income has reached more than 10,000 yuan. It can see that the collective economy of the tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui is an important measure to improve the per capita income and living standard of the local residents. It is also an important guarantee for the sustainable development of tourism in Shenzhen. In the northern Anhui region, the collective economy in the tourism industry is the main source of income for the local villagers, which can increase the actual income of the local residents and allow the residents to obtain more benefits, thus in order to promote the economic construction of the tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui (Yue, 2016). 4. MODEL IDENTIFICATION ANALYSIS OF COMPREHENSIVE CONSTRUCTION OF PRECISION POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN TOURISM VILLAGES AND TOWNS IN NORTHERN ANHUI PROVINCE 4.1 Studies on the index model of precise poverty alleviation in the construction of tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui Province In order to understand the relationship between tourism industry and economic development in northern Anhui, this paper takes Place A and Place B in northern Anhui as example, using the gray correlation method to analyze 993

the correlation between output value of the first industry, output value of the second industry, tourism revenue and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the two regions from 2010 to 2014, as shown in Table 1. Particular year Table 1 Tourism and Output Value in Northern Anhui X 0 (total tourism income) X 1 (GDP) X 2 (output value of first industry) 2010 434.6 2786.89 896.5 1432.6 2011 467.9 3037.6 1006.9 1243.9 2012 532.8 3342.8 1543.3 1432.8 2013 598.7 3765.9 1763.9 1864.8 2014 689.4 4003.9 1986.9 2431.9 4.1.1 Correlation analysis Based on the above variables, this paper establishes the corresponding model as follows, X 3 (second industry output value) X i = x j (1) x i (1), x j (2) x i (1), x j (23) x i (1) x j (t) x i (1), i = (1,2,3,4) T 0 4 = x 0 (n) + 1 n=2 x 2 0(5), T i = 4 n=2, x i (n) + 1 2 x i(5) and it uses the formula to work out the following: T i T 0 4 = x i (n) + 1 n=2 x 2 0(n) + 1 [x 4 i(5) + x 0 (5)], (1) S ji = 1+ T 0 + T i 1+ T 0 + T i + T i T 0, (i = 1,2,3,4). (2) Among it, S ji represents the the correlation degree between No. j indicator and No. i indicator; T i represents the absolute correlation degree of No. i indicator. So the absolute correlation between the tourism income and the other three indicators can be obtained by the above model: S 01=0.56, S 02=0.76, S 03=0.66. 4.1.2 Relative correlation analysis In the relative correlation analysis, there is X i = X i (i = 1,2,3,4). (3) X j (1) It can work out the relative correlation between tourism industry and the other three indicators: v 01=0.56, v 02=0.53, v 03=0.33 4.1.3 Model analysis From the above models, it can see that there is low correlation between the total income of rural tourism in northern Anhui and GDP, the first industry and the secondary industry. This shows that the tourism industry is isolated from the first industry and the secondary industry, and the interaction between the two industries is weak. So it can say that there is low correlation between the tourism industry and the two industries of the northern Anhui (Bei, 2016). On the other hand, it shows that the development of the tourism industry in the villages and towns in northern Anhui does not comply with the local economic development, and the leakage of 994

the tourism industry in the villages and towns in northern Anhui is very serious, which is likely to cause the income from development of the rural tourism development to be lower than the cost of inputs for the poor population in the northern Anhui region, thus reducing the efficiency of precision poverty alleviation projects and failing to help the poor in northern Anhui to get rid of poverty (Mo, 2017). 4.2 Evaluation method of precision poverty alleviation in tourism villages and towns in Northern Anhui When evaluating the effect of precision poverty alleviation in the comprehensive construction of tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui Province, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on fuzzy mathematics is adopted in this paper, and the evaluation system of northern Anhui is divided into target layer, criterion layer and index layer by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), as shown in Table 2. The indicator texts which are difficult to quantify can be turned into the quantitative indicators by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, serving as an effective solution to the problem of the uncertainty in the comprehensive construction of tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui Province. Table 2 Evaluation Index Weights of Comprehensive Construction of Poverty Alleviation in Villages and Towns in Northern Anhui Province Target layer Criterion layer Index layer Weight living standard 0.11 Comprehensive effect Poor family Tourism participation 0.12 of poverty alleviation Ideology 0.22 in tourism towns in Poor individual Tourism decision-making 0.34 Northern Anhui Province Industry development 0.14 Tourist town community Degree of poverty reduction 0.07 Based on the above table, first it sets up indicator judgment set as follows: T:T 1={t 1, t 2...t n}. Among it, n represents the number of judgments, T 1 represents the first set of judgments. Then the northern Anhui comprehensive evaluation index system is written as follows: v 11 v 12 v 1m v { 21 v v 2m } v n1 v v nm Among it, v nm represents the No. m degree of membership of No. n judgment project. After the processing of the data concerning the poor inhabitants of the northern Anhui region, the evaluation degree of membership of the index system of the poverty alleviation effect regarding the villages and towns in the local area was obtained. The fuzzy evaluation standard was used to calculate the comprehensive degree of membership vector Y=A*T, with A as the indicator weight. The poverty effect levels are classified as five levels according to the degree of membership value vecotr as shown in Table 3: Table 3 Poverty Grades in North Anhui Y 0<Y<1 1<Y<2 2<Y<3 3<Y<4 4<Y Grade Very weak Weak secondary Strong Strong According to the above model, it is possible to divide the poverty levels of the tourism villages and towns in the north of Anhui Province, so as to help the government to carry out the poverty alleviation projects in line with the local poverty level, which can provide the corresponding reference for the comprehensive construction of poverty alleviation work in tourism villages and towns (Bai, 2017). 995

4.3 Realization path of precision poverty alleviation in tourism villages and towns of Northern Anhui region 4.3.1 To strengthen the government coordination mechanism In poverty alleviation and development organizations around the country, poverty alleviation is mainly carried out by Poverty Alleviation Offices at all levels. The leading group is a standing council. In the new poverty alleviation, the leading group will usually recruit many people and units, from the health, women s federations and other service units to the financial institution, reform and development institution and other financial project units into the formation of the units jointly responsible for poverty alleviation. Such situation fails to work on a unified opinion on the poverty alleviation project funding investment, policy development and other work (Deng, 2017). Therefore, in the process of poverty alleviation in the tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui, the government leading group should meet regularly to establish the information sharing mechanism, to strengthen the construction of the government coordination mechanism and to realize the integration of the information of the various departments in the comprehensive poverty alleviation project of tourism villages and towns, and provide decision-making basis for future poverty alleviation projects in northern Anhui (Zhang, 2017). 4.3.2 To promote reform of public finance system The key to the reform of the financial system in northern Anhui is to increase the financial transfer and payment of poverty-stricken areas and to realize the regional financial freedom in northern Anhui. Although the country has put into a lot of manpower and resources and capital in the comprehensive poverty alleviation project of tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui, there is still huge gap in the financial capital investment. Therefore, to speed up the public financial system in northern Anhui Province will need to implement the corresponding measures in the financial aspects, for example, to give tax incentives to the small enterprises in northern Anhui; to grant subsidies enterprises who join the poverty alleviation, to set up a special financial poverty alleviation fund for the development of poverty alleviation projects in the tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui Province (Xu, 2004). 5. CONCLUSION In the context of China s precision poverty alleviation policy, this paper constructs the index model of the comprehensive poverty alleviation in the tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui province, based on the theoretical knowledge of scientific development, comparative advantages and the stakeholders, combined with the relative connotations of precision poverty alleviation. It puts forward the ideas that it should strengthen the construction of the coordination mechanism of the government, and promote the reform of the public finance system as the path of precision poverty alleviation. The residents of the tourism villages and towns will be the beneficiaries of precision poverty alleviation, which will promote the local economic development and improve the effect of poverty alleviation in the tourism villages and towns in northern Anhui. REFERENCES Bai J.H. (2017). Protection and development of characteristic villages and towns of Hui nationality in South Central Ningxia, Journal of Ningxia Party school, 19 (02), 83. Bei L. (2016). Study on the path of tourism precision Poverty Alleviation under community participation. Taking Hainan city of Danzhou Province as an example, Journal of Guangxi Vocational and Technical College, 9 (06), 81-85. Chen X.Y. (2016). The plight and Countermeasures of precision poverty alleviation in mountain areas, A survey from Pingwu County, Sichuan province, Rural economy, (05), 87-90. Deng C.Z. (2017), Precise Poverty Alleviation: new breakthrough in the development of rural banking industry, Banking of China, 2017, (07), 78-80. Gao X. (2017). Analysis on the fairness of tourism precision poverty alleviation, Hunan Social Sciences, (02), 124-132. Ju L.L. (2015). Inclusive financial aid poverty alleviation investigation - take Qinghai Province as an example, Qinghai finance, (12), 41-45. Mao F. (2016). Innovation and strategy deepening of poverty alleviation in rural tourism, China Agricultural Resources and regionalization, 37 (10), 212-217. 996

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