Ohio Freight Conference Great Lakes Commercial Navigation Roger E. Haberly Regional Economist Buffalo New York 13 September 2013 US Army Corps of Engineers
Presentation Overview 1. GL Physical System Description 2. Major Commodities Moved On The System 3. Great Lakes Fleet 4. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion 5. New Coal Movements 2
1. Great Lakes Physical System Description 4
MAJOR LOCKS AND CHANNELS 5
Soo Locks 6
Welland Canal Schematic 7
Welland Locks 9
Welland Canal 8
Montreal, Lake Ontario Locks 11
2. Major Commodities Moved On The Great Lakes 12
2010 Major Commodities 13
2010 Tonnages By Commodity 14
2010 Top Great Lakes Ports 15
3. Great Lakes Fleet vesselpictures 25
Great Lakes Vessel Types 1. Bulk Freighters 2. Self Unloaders 3. Integrated Tug Barges 4. Chemical Carriers 5. Cement Carriers 26
Corps Of Engineers Vessel Classes 27
Major Bulk And Self Unloading Vessels In The Great Lakes Fleet- 2010 28
Self Unloaders 30
Bulk Freighters Picture of Bulk freighter being unloaded 29
CLASS 10 Vessels 31
Class 7 Vessels American Mariner Lake St. Claire AlgoBay- Toledo harbor 32
Class 5 Vessels American Republic- Cleveland Harbor 33
4. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion U.S. Port and Inland Waterways Modernization-Preparing For Post Panamax Vessels, Institute For Water Resources, U.S. Army Corps Of Engineers, June 20, 2012 1. Continued Growth In World International Trade 2. Post Panamax Vessels will call at U.S. Ports 3. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion on Trade Routes 1. Canals Reduced Water route cost may shift traffic from west coat ports to east coast ports 2. A Transshipment Service may develop at a Caribbean or U.S. port 3. Usage of Panamax size vessels will reduce the cost of U.S. Agricultural exports to Asia 4. Increase In Mississippi River Grain export Traffic to Gulf Ports a. Mississippi River Capacity adequate to meet future export market demand through 2020 b. Lock Capacity adequate under current configurations c. Continued lock system Maintenance needed. 5. Environmental Mitigation Costs Could be Substantial 6. Port Expansion- Costs- $3-5b. Adequate And timely funding is needed. Capacity expansion is most critical along the S.E and Gulf coasts. 4. Great Lakes System Role 1.No Panamax Vessels Will enter the Great Lakes System 2. System could be used as a feeder route to large vessels going to Europe as east and west coast U.S. ports reach throughput capacities
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 1. Continued Growth In World International Trade
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 1. Continued Growth In World International Trade Forecasted U.S. Exports and Imports 2011-2041
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 1. Continued Growth In World International Trade Selected U.S. Exports By Commodity Type-2005-2009
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 2. Post Panamax Vessels Will Call At U.S. Ports Historical And Forecast of Vessels by TEU=to 2030
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 2. Post Panamax Vessels Will Call At U.S. Ports
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 2. Post Panamax Vessels Will Call At U.S. Ports Forecast East Coast Container Fleet 2012-2035
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 2 Post Panamax Vessels will call at U.S. Ports
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 3. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion on Trade Routes 1. May Shift Trade To East Coast Ports
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 3. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion on Trade Routes 2. Potential Caribbean/U.S. Transshipment Port
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 3. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion on Trade Routes 3. Panamax Size Vessels Will Reduce Cost Of Agricultural Exports.
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 3. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion on Trade Routes 3. Panamax Size Vessels Will Reduce Cost Of Agricultural Exports.
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 3. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion on Trade Routes 3. Panamax Size Vessels Will Reduce Cost Of Agricultural Exports.
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 3. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion on Trade Routes 4. Increase In Mississippi Grain Export To Asia -Projected
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 3. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion on Trade Routes 4. Increase In Mississippi Grain Export To Asia a. Mississippi River Capacity Adequate through 2020 Source:U.S. Army Corps Of Engineers, Waterborne Commerce Statistics Source: River Transport News
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 3. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion on Trade Routes 4. Increase In Mississippi Grain Export To Asia b. Lock capacity adequate under current conditions Informa Economics Grain Forecast- will reach 77m tons in 2020 Upper Miss System Capacity- 208m tons Upper Miss System Demand- In 2020-163m (Assumes no increase in non grain tonnages) Ohio River System System Capacity Done on a Lock By Lock Basis 2020 Grain Forecast about one half of system capacity Lock capacities' are not a constraint on future grain movement levels
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 3. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion on Trade Routes 4. Increase In Mississippi Grain Export To Asia c. Continued Lock System Maintenance needed. Increase In Agricultural Exports through the Gulf Is Expected The current inland waterway (Mississippi River System) is the main delivery mode for export Grain Inland Waterways (channels, locks dams) need continued dredging and maintenance A need for Lock Capacity Expansion is not indicated
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 3. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion on Trade Routes 5. Environmental Mitigation Costs Could Be Substantial Environmental Impacts Are Generated from the following Expansion Components Deepening Port Channels (Dredging/ sediment disposal) Increasing portside infrastructure (Rail/truck intermodal connections) Increased Port Activity (Vessels, tugs, loading/unloading equipment) Riverine/Estuarine Impacts
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 3. Impacts Of Panama Canal Expansion on Trade Routes 6. Port Expansion- Will Be Costly Total Port Expansion Costs could be $3-5b Adequate And Timely Funding is Needed Capacity Expansion is most critical along the S.E. and Gulf Coasts
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 4. Great Lakes System Impacts 1. Panamax Vessels Will Not Enter The Great Lakes
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 4. Great Lakes System Impacts 1. Panamax Vessels Will Not Enter The Great Lakes
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 4. Great Lakes System Impacts 2. Great Lakes System Could be used as a Safety Value- Overflow Route in time of high Demand or lack of Availability of the Mississippi River (Low Water, High Water)
4. Panama Canal Expansion Impacts 4. Great Lakes System Impacts 3. Great Lakes System Could be used as a Feeder Route for large vessels going to Europe
5. New Coal Movements Midwest Energy Resource Company Coal to Europe Via The St. Lawrence Seaway 1. Coal From Powder River Basin- Montana 2. Burlington Northern Santa Fe RR- 3. Midwest Energy Resource Company- Superior, Wisconsin 4. Canada Steamship Lines 5. Port Of Quebec- St Lawrence Stevedoring-Beauport Sector 6. European Destinations
5. New Coal Movements 1. Powder River Basin Coal
5. New Coal Movements 2. BNSF delivers coal to MERC Docks- 1,100 miles- 3 day journey
5. New Coal Movements 3. Midwest Energy Coal Dock-Superior Wisconsin- Facility
5. New Coal Movements 3. Midwest Energy Coal Dock-Superior Wisconsin- Unit train unloading, coal stockpiling
5. New Coal Movements 3. Midwest Energy Coal Dock-Superior Wisconsin-Loading Into a self unloader
5. New Coal Movements 3. Midwest Energy Coal Dock-Superior Wisconsin-Loading Into a self unloader
5. New Coal Movements 3. Midwest Energy Coal Dock-Superior Wisconsin-Loading Into a self unloader
5. New Coal Movements 3. Midwest Energy Coal Dock-Superior Wisconsin-Loading Into a self unloader
5. New Coal Movements 4. Canada Steamship Lines Whitefish Bay Trillium Class 2, 242 mile six days to Port Of Quebec-32,500 tons
5. New Coal Movements 5. Port Of Quebec Beauport Sector
5. New Coal Movements 5. Port Of Quebec St Lawrence Stevedoring-
5. New Coal Movements 5. Port Of Quebec St Lawrence Stevedoring-Reclamation
5. New Coal Movements 5. Port Of Quebec St Lawrence Stevedoring-Reclamation
5. New Coal Movements 5. Port Of Quebec St Lawrence Stevedoring-Stockpiling
5. New Coal Movements 5. Port Of Quebec St Lawrence Stevedoring-Loading Ocean Freighters
5. New Coal Movements 5. Port Of Quebec St Lawrence Stevedoring-Ocean Vessel
6. European Ports- 5. New Coal Movements
5. New Coal Movements 6. European Ports- Rotterdam, Netherlands -429m tons in 2010
5. New Coal Movements 6. European Ports- Rotterdam, Netherlands
5. New Coal Movements 6. European Ports- Rotterdam, Netherlands
5. New Coal Movements 6. European Ports- Rotterdam, Netherlands- EMO Terminal
5. New Coal Movements 6. European Ports- Rotterdam, Netherlands- EMO Terminal- Berthing Coal Ship
5. New Coal Movements 6. European Ports- Rotterdam, Netherlands- EMO Terminal- Unloading Coal Ship
5. New Coal Movements 6. European Countries- Coal Demand- Germany, France, Italy
Summary Global Trade will continue to grow Panamax size vessels will visit U.S. Ports Asian Trade route will shift from West Coast Ports To Gulf/East Coast Ports Exports of Grain And Coal via the Mississippi and Gulf Coast will increase Mississippi/Ohio River System Capacity adequate through 2020 No need for Lock Expansions Panamax Vessels Will Not Enter The Great Lakes Great Lakes Can be a relief valve for movements of grain and coal to Asia via The Suez Canal Great Lakes can be a viable route for Grain And Coal to Europe in Ocean sized vessels.
BUILDING STRONG
Other Sources Of Data Greenwoods Guide To Great Lakes Shipping-Ship characteristics Waterborne Commerce Statistics Center- Individual Vessel Movements Waterborne Commerce Of the U.S. Part 3- Summary Tonnage data Navigation Data Center Home Page (iwr.usace.army.mil) United States Coast Pilot 6- Data on Docks-depths Project Maps- COE-Authorized depths, dimensions Port Series-U.S. Army Corps Of Engineers-Port Dock Data Lake Carriers Association-Great Lakes Fleet Canadian Ship-owners Association United States Coast Guard Maritime Information Exchange Great Lakes Commission - Dredged Material (www.glc.org/rsm) Web Site: WWW.Boat Nerd.com-Vessel Data- ship photos
Some Data Sources Planning Center of Expertise for Inland Navigation http://inlandwaterways.lrh.usace.army.mil/ Waterborne Commerce Statistics Center http://www.ndc.iwr.usace.army.mil/wcsc/wcsc.htm