Athens Central Greece 4 miles from Aegean Sea Travelers! Enjoy spreading ideas, art, knowledge Naval power & strong influence to other City States Sparta Isolated Harbor 25 miles away - surrounded by mountains! Not friendly to outsiders Better soil for agriculture Being a soldier is VERY important
Athens Patron Goddess: Athena Goddess of Wisdom, Justice, Courage Worshipped same Gods as Spartans Zeus King of Gods Sparta Patron Goddess: Artemis Goddess of Wilderness, Hunt, Fertility Worshipped same Gods as Athenians Poseidon God of the Sea
Greek Architecture Acropolis: a highly elevated plateau in Athens A complex center for politics, commerce, culture Parthenon: the most famous temple on the Acropolis, built in honor of Athena Project initiated by Pericles
ACRO = Extreme, Edge, Height, Summit POLIS = City-State, City, Citadel The Acropolis is not one building or temple, but rather a collection of Athens community structures atop a high plateau.
What happened to the Acropolis over the years? (Video)
The Acropolis sits atop the city of Athens
DORIC IONIC CORINTHIAN
The Agora today Video Clip: Secrets of the Parthenon
Warm Up 10-24 Once your group has arrived, begin to share the 5 main ideas from your reading dissections. Miss Mangold will be passing out popsicle sticks. Make sure you grab one.
Athens Democracy since 500 BCE Free men over age 18 can be citizens No women, no slaves can be citizens Sparta What rights could the Citizens enjoy? Agora Vote Hold office Own property Defend themselves in court
Athens Council of 500: Five hundred citizens of Athens selected to run the city s daily functions Proposed new laws Assembly: ideas for new laws went to a much larger group, who met every 10 days. Sparta Oligarchy decisions made by the few and the powerful Council of Elders- all important decisions made within Must be 60 years old 2 kings, 28 men Assembly: met outside of city because it was so large but had little power Only could vote yes or no to Council s laws
Athens Pericles: a great leader who developed Athens culture, democracy and power during the Golden Age. Loved creativity, music, the arts, drama Rebuilt the city Supported democracy and reforms to allow its growth Sparta Oligarchy decisions made by the few and the powerful Council of Elders- all important decisions made within Must be 60 years old 2 kings, 28 men Assembly: met outside of city because it was so large but had little power Only could vote yes or no to Council s laws
Economy: the way a community or region organizes the manufacture and exchange of money, food, products, and services to meet people s needs.
Athens Trade with foreign lands and other city-states buying and selling in the agora Coins easier for trade A center for politics, commerce, socialization Sparta Got necessary goods from: Farming Conquering Others Slaves/Noncitizens Little trade Generally discouraged trade and the transfer of new ideas
Athens Education: Boys go to school to learn reading, writing, math Girls stay at home to learn to run the house Society Society Structure: + Women could not inherit or own property; could not attend Assembly +Slaves Most Athenians owed a slave Captives of war, or born into it Sparta Education: Boys begin military training at age 7 Girls may also learn military techniques Society Structure: + Women generally freer than Athenian women because men were almost always at war + Non-Citizens free, but not Spartan - No government, but military is OK + Helots slaves which provided for the city-state
Athens Contributions to Society: - Democracy Direct vs. Representative - Citizenship the right to vote running for office - Philosophy thinking about thinking Socrates, Plato - Tragedies and Comedies Theater
Find the Fib 1. Any Athenian can participate in government, as long as they are a member of the Council of 500. 2. Democracy and Oligarchy were the two main governments we discussed for Athens and Sparta. 3. Sparta and Athens differed in many ways, including their social structures. 4. The geography of Greece is mountainous and rocky, but Athens was situated by the sea and Sparta was more inland.