Aviation Industry Forum 2017, Smart Technology for Aviation, Hong Kong, May 26, 2017 Aviation Industry Skills and Workforce Development: A Higher Education Perspective Pier Marzocca, Nick Bardell, Richard Yeun, Graham Wild School of Engineering Aerospace Engineering and Aviation
Outline Setting the Context: The Aviation Sector Economic Significance and Predicted Growth The Aviation Workforce: Key Figures Aviation Industry s Workforce/Skill Needed: The Emerging Skills Strategies to Develop the Human Capital 2
The Aviation Sector Five main components Airfreight transport Domestic commercial aviation 3.7 Bil Air travel delivers global mobility, 100k flights/day Pax / year 10M / day 50 mil Tonnes of freight / year $18.6B/day Aviation support infrastructure General aviation International commercial aviation 35% by value of Global Trade International Air Transport Association (IATA), 2016 wider social and economic benefits 3
4 The Aviation Sector What is the economic significance of the Aviation Industry? $2.7 USD trillions (3.5%) of the world s gross domestic product (GDP) 9.9 million direct jobs within the air transport industry World s largest industry Employment and activities of suppliers to air transport industry Spending of directly and indirectly employed in the air transport sector IBISWorld, 2016
Growth in Asia-Pacific Passenger Demand International Air Transport Association (IATA), 2016 Source: World Bank and IMF 2016 Asia-Pacific Statistics GFC Passenger market segments 60% Population 4.5 Billions 30% Global GDP Source: International Civil Aviation Organization (Various Annual Reports of the Council). Diverse geographic region Dynamic economies driving the global growth Two key airline market segments World s Largest Passenger Market in 2016 32.9% Total Traffic (+11.2% 2015) 5
Growth in Asia-Pacific Air Cargo Demand Cargo market segments Strong growth in cross-border trades in 2015 and 2016, great impact on air cargo volumes Source: International Civil Aviation Organization (Various Annual Reports of the Council). Macro-economic & political risks which might impact trade flows There are headwinds ahead: - stagnant world trade - protectionism risks World s Largest Air Cargo Market in 2016 ~ 37.5% World FTK (+9.8% 2015) 1.8 % 2017 slowest pace of trade and output growth since the financial crisis of 2009 6
Asia-Pacific Airports World Ranking - Top 20 Passenger & Air Cargo Airports in 2014-2016 Passenger Airports 2014,16 Air Cargo Airports, 2014,16 Bangkok 28 17 20 8 Airports Council International 2015-2016 9 5 By year 2034, Asia-Pacific is set to become the largest air travel market 1 in the world: ~ 48 % of global traffic 14 13 19 +66 5 2014 2016 China: New airports by 2020, from 206 to 272. 2017: +$77B USD 7
Outline Setting the Context: The Aviation Sector Economic Significance and Predicted Growth The Aviation Workforce: Key Figures Aviation Industry s Workforce/Skill Needed: The Emerging Skills Strategies to Develop the Human Capital 8
Pilot and Technician Outlook (2016-2035) Source: Boeing 2016 Pilot 617,000 Tech 679,000 Education and Training Essential Bottleneck? 9
10 Scenarios for future labour demand in Asia-Pacific 40K Pilots 82K Pilots 2016-2035 248K Pilots 268K Maintenance technicians Boeing 2015
Current key aviation occupations educational profile 11 Case Study for Australia data CENSUS 2011
12 Major workforce threats identified by aviation employers Example. In Australia the average workforce age for the ATC group is 44.5, 50% of the group aged 45 years and over. By 2020, ATC could potentially lose up to 46% of existing employees (~ 600) to resignations (14%) and retirements (32%) Transport and Logistics Industry Skills Council (TLISC 2015)
Outline Setting the Context: The Aviation Sector Economic Significance and Predicted Growth The Aviation Workforce: Key Figures Aviation Industry s Workforce/Skill Needed: The Emerging Skills Strategies to Develop the Human Capital 13
14 Aviation industry s workforce and skill needed What are the Aviation industry s workforce and skill requirements? Strong pressure to adapt in a very dynamic environment with a rapidly growing cargo and passenger traffic, stringent regulations, and fastpaced technology innovation Attraction and retention are difficult and require a greater commitment to raising skill levels and building career paths The availability of skilled and trained staff is crucial to the ongoing viability of our aviation industry
15 Employer-reported skill development needs TLISC 2015
16 What emerging skills are needed? Ability to adapt quickly to new technology Ability to autonomously interpret and react adequately to data analytics Knowledge of automated and unmanned systems and safety management systems The increased integration of information technology (IT) systems in aviation businesses leads to the emergence of specialist integrative roles at the intersection of the various systems Aviation Workforce Skills, Aviation Industry Standards 2016 report
What emerging skills are needed? Risk modelling systems increasingly integrated with business systems flight simulation training, workforce performance, development tracking, etc. Specialised Commercial Pilot training, emergence of multi-crew instruction specialist instructors and assessors. Increased use of simulators for ground ops management and flying training, simulation training is emerging as a specialty of its own, requiring a complex set of skills. Energy/fuel management skills mandatory part of skill set expected of pilots, managers, and maintenance workers. 17
Outline Setting the Context: The Aviation Sector Economic Significance and Predicted Growth The Aviation Workforce: Key Figures Aviation Industry s Workforce/Skill Needed: The Emerging Skills Strategies to Develop the Human Capital 18
19 Minimum training needs by occupation and qualification level Case Study: Australia 2017 TLISC/CEET What actions can be taken by industry to meet those needs?
What Types of Training are Required? Vocationally-oriented degrees Polytechnic Training Regional pilots, aircraft maintenance repair and overhaul (MRO), building and equipment maintenance, etc. Hospitality qualifications (Diploma s) Ancillary staff concessionaires, landscapers, etc. Non-technical skills Higher Education degrees Business management Airline management, Airport management Air Traffic Control Pilot training Airworthiness and Safety Analysts & Research Aerospace Engineers Aviation Technologists 20
Asia-Pacific Educational/Training Major Aviation Hubs HONG KONG Advanced Diploma in Aviation Operations & Management, Air Cargo, Aircraft Maintenance, and Aviation Higher Education in Aviation Bachelor of Applied Science (Aviation) BEng (Aerospace) BEng (Aviation/Air Transport/Operations) SOUTHEAST ASIA Pilot Training Polytechnic Diplomas Bachelor of Applied Science (Aviation) Bachelor of Engineering (Aerospace) Registered Training Organisation (RTO) within the Australian Vocational Education and Training (VET) system NORTH ASIA Pilot Training, Advanced Diploma in Aviation Operations and Management, Air Cargo and Logistics, and Aircraft Maintenance. Higher Education in Aerospace Engineering & Aviation. Bachelor of Applied Science (Aviation) Bachelor of Engineering (Aerospace) AUSTRALASIA Pilot Training, TAFE and VET, Advanced Diplomas in Eng (Aeronautical) Bachelor of Applied Science (Aviation), Bachelor of Engineering (Aerospace), Logistics, MEng (Aerospace), MEng Airworthiness, Master of Science (Aviation) 21
RMIT Aviation & Aerospace Programs and Learning Outcomes RMIT rating for excellence in higher education (QS 2017) 5 star Top 100 RMIT research fields rated world standard or above 22
Is the Workforce Prepared for Success in the 21st-century Aviation Work Environment? Generic skills and attributes acquired Top 10 2017 QS World ranking for employer reputation in Australia Abilities, personal qualities and transferable skills Vocational, Higher Diploma and Bachelor is the focus of 21 st century education! 23
How Can Training be Delivered? Face-to-Face Distance/Online learning Online technologies Social Media Personal electronic devices All of the Above! Education will be much less class-based, and much more topic-based Education is a social activity Two major types of community: topic or interest based community physical or peer based community S. Downes 2013 24
Thank you for your attention! 25
RMIT Flight Training Program Recreational Pilot Licence Multi-engine Command Instrument Rating Commercial Pilot Licence Private Pilot Licence Flight Instructor rating Specialist Training Unit, one of only a few Universities in Australia that offers an undergraduate program with a flying program. Associate Degree + Bachelor of Applied Science (Aviation) Fully integrated training taking students from beginners to Commercial Pilot Licence with Multi-engine Command Instrument Rating or Flight Instructor rating. 26
RMIT HE Program Learning Outcomes - Undergraduates Technical and Operational Skills BAppSci (Aviation) BEng (Aerospace) Problem- Solving & Design Needs, Context & Systems Abstraction & Modelling Knowledge & Skill Base Engineering Application Ability Professional & Personal Attributes Coordination & Communication Self Management graduates general ability, technical skills and work readiness RMIT rating for excellence in higher education (QS 2017) 5 star 27
RMIT HE Program Learning Outcomes - Postgraduate Problem- Solving & Design Needs, Context & Systems Research Analysis Professional Practice Top 100 RMIT research fields rated world standard or above 28