Western Australian Marine Science Blueprint Online Appendix 11: Rapidly Growing Coastal Communities and Urban Development January 2015 1
CONTENTS 1. A Growing Coastal Population... 4 2. Urban Development and the Marine Environment... 8 2
Disclosure and Disclaimer This report has been prepared by Australian Venture Consultants Pty Ltd (ACN: 101 195 699) ( AVC ). AVC has been commissioned to prepare this report by the Western Australian Marine Science Institution, and has received a fee from the Western Australian Marine Science Institution for its preparation. While the information contained in this report has been prepared by AVC with all reasonable care from sources that AVC believes to be reliable, no responsibility or liability is accepted by AVC for any errors, omissions or misstatements however caused. Any opinions or recommendations reflect the judgment and assumptions of AVC as at the date of the document and may change without notice. AVC, its officers, agents and employees exclude all liability whatsoever, in negligence or otherwise, for any loss or damage relating to this document to the full extent permitted by law. Any opinion contained in this report is unsolicited general information only. AVC is not aware that any recipient intends to rely on this report or of the manner in which a recipient intends to use it. In preparing this information it is not possible to take into consideration the information or opinion needs of any individual recipient. Recipients should conduct their own research into the issues discussed in this report before acting on any recommendation. 3
Number of Residents (millions) AUSTRALIAN VENTURE CONSULTANTS PTY LTD This Appendix provides a detailed discussion of the impact of recent economic development in Western Australia and the resulting population growth and urban development that has been concentrated on coastal locations. 1. A Growing Coastal Population As discussed in the Blueprint, the economic development of Western Australia over the past decade has driven growth in the residential population of the State. As illustrated in Figure 1 1 below, the most rapid growth in residential population has been in the metropolitan area. 2.00 1.80 1.60 1.40 1.20 1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Rest of Western Australia FIGURE 1 TREND IN POPULATION GROWTH PERTH AND REST OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA Approximately 90 percent of the Western Australian population resides in the south west corner of the State in the greater metropolitan area, the Peel, South West and Great Southern Regions. As is the case for Australia, the residential population of Western Australia is largely a coastal population. Figure 2 2 below illustrates the population density of Western Australia as at 30 June 2010. 1 Australian Bureau of Statistics (2014), Regional Population Growth, Cat. 3218.0, Australian Government, Canberra 2 Australian Bureau of Statistics (2014), Regional Population Growth, Cat. 3218.0, Australian Government, Canberra 4
FIGURE 2 WESTERN AUSTRALIAN POPULATION DENSITY Approximately 1.9 million Western Australians reside in the coastal capital, and 62 percent of the population that resides in regional Western Australia reside in Local Government Areas with coastal boundaries. Like, the population of these Local Government Areas has grown over the past decade, from just under 300,000 residents in 2004 to approximately, 375,000 residents today 3. Indeed, the only coastal Local Government Area not to grow over this period was Carnarvon. Figure 3 below summarises the change in population of coastal Local Government Areas between 2004 and 2013. 3 Australian Bureau of Statistics (2014), Regional Population Growth, Cat. 3218.0, Australian Government Canberra, 5
Capel Ashburton Mandurah Roebourne Busselton Derby-West Kimberley Broome Augusta-Margaret River Port Hedland Denmark Greater Geraldton Exmouth Albany Wyndham-East Kimberley Bunbury Esperance Shark Bay Carnarvon -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% Change in Population FIGURE 3 CHANGE IN POPULATION OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS 2004 TO 2013 Figure 4 4 below summarises the current residential population of Local Government Areas with coastal boundaries. 4 Australian Bureau of Statistics (2014), Regional Population Growth, Cat. 3218.0, Australian Government Canberra, 6
Mandurah Greater Geraldton Albany Busselton Bunbury Roebourne Broome Port Hedland Capel Esperance Augusta-Margaret River Ashburton Derby-West Kimberley Wyndham-East Kimberley Carnarvon Denmark Exmouth Shark Bay - 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL POPULATION OF NON-PERTH COASTAL LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS 2014 Within this regional coastal population, the majority of residents live in the main coastal towns. In 2013, approximately 37 percent of Western Australia s regional population resided in the main coastal towns of Albany, Busselton, Bunbury, Geraldton, Karratha, Port Hedland and Broome. The trend in population growth in these main coastal towns is illustrated in Figure 5 5 below. 5 Australian Bureau of Statistics (2014), Regional Population Growth, Cat. 3218.0, Australian Government, Canberra 7
Number of Residents AUSTRALIAN VENTURE CONSULTANTS PTY LTD 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000-2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Albany Broome Bunbury Busselton Geraldton Karratha Port Hedland FIGURE 5 TREND IN POPULATION GROWTH MAJOR PERTH COASTAL TOWNS 2. Urban Development and the Marine Environment The increase in population discussed in this Appendix has also driven an increase in the number of new residential dwelling approvals in the State. Indeed there has been approximately 42,000 more new homes approved in Western Australia over the past decade, than the previous decade. Figure 6 6 below illustrates the trend in new residential dwelling approvals in Western Australia. 6 Australian Bureau of Statistics (2014), Building Approvals Australia, Cat. 8731.0, Australian Government, Canberra 8
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 (up to 31 May) Number of New Dwellings Approved AUSTRALIAN VENTURE CONSULTANTS PTY LTD Historical Trend in the Number of New Dwellings Approved in Western Australia 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 - FIGURE 6 - NEW DWELLING APPROVALS IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA While the greatest growth in new dwelling construction has been in, new dwelling construction has also grown in regional Western Australia. For example, during the first seven months of 2013 an average of 1,755 dwellings were approved for construction in, representing a 34 percent increase over 2012 and 17.3 percent above the historical average. In regional Western Australia dwelling approvals had grown by 6 percent, only 7 percent above the historical average 7. Coastal infrastructure that supports these communities include beachfront residential and commercial property developments, residential cannel developments such those in and around Mandurah and recreational marinas. Table 1 below lists the 25 coastal recreational marinas on the Western Australian coastline. 7 Urban Development Institute of Australia Western Australian Division (2013), Leads Dwelling Construction Recovery 9
Marina Esperance Bay Yacht Club Princess Royal Sailing Club Port Geographe Marina Casuarina Boat Harbour Port Bouvard Marina Mandurah Ocean Marina Aquastack Marina Henderson Boatlifters Fremantle Sailing Club Fremantle Harbour Fremantle Cruising Club Fremantle Boat Park Kailis Marine Hillary s Boat Harbour Hillary s Yacht Club Mindarie Marina Two Rocks Marina Jurien Bay Boat Harbour Port Denison Harbour Geraldton Fishing Boat Harbour Batavia Coast Marina Carnarvon Boat Harbour Carnarvon Yacht Club Exmouth Boat Harbour Point Samson Harbour Location Esperance Albany Busselton Bunbury Mandurah Mandurah Henderson Henderson Jurien Bay Port Denison Geraldton Geraldton Carnarvon Carnarvon Exmouth Point Samson TABLE 1 WESTERN AUSTRALIAN COASTAL RECREATIONAL MARINAS 10