Chapter 3 The English Colonies
Terms 1. Indentured servants 2. Cash crops 3. Assembly 4. Puritans 5. Mayflower Compact 6. Slave trade 7. Fundamental orders
Massachusetts- 1630 Founders- William Bradford (Pilgrim) John Winthrop (Puritan) Settlers- Puritans seeking religious refuge from persecution Climate- Harsh winters and warm summers Geography- sandy coast with good ports, rich pastures, & forests Economy- Crops, livestock, lumber, shops and shipping Religion- Puritan Government- Self governing with strong religious influence
Rhode Island - 1647 Founders- Roger Williams Anne Hutchinson Settlers- People seeking religious freedom Climate- Hot, humid summers and cold snowy winters Geography- Coastal lowlands, and rocky woodlands Economy- Farming, lumber, shipbuilding, fishing, whaling, and trade on waterways Religion- Various faiths Government- Self- governing
Connecticut - 1636 Founders- Thomas Hooker Settlers- Puritans seeking a new settlement Climate- Cold winters, mild summers Geography- Forested hills, and seacoast Economy- Farming (crops and livestock) Religion- Puritan Government- Self-governing. They had a written constitution called the Fundamental Orders.
New York - 1624 Founders- Dutch West India Company (1624) James, Duke of York (1664) Settlers- Dutch and English seeking a new life Climate- Cold snowy winters, and hot humid summers Geography- Wetlands along the coast and Hudson River, forested mountains to the north Economy- Fur trapping, lumber, shipping, slave trade merchants and tradesmen, farming, iron mining Religion- Various faiths Government- British governor, council with assembly
Pennsylvania - 1682 Founders- William Penn Settlers- English Quakers, and others seeking religious freedom Climate- Cold winters, and hot, humid summers Geography- Rolling hills, trees and fertile soil Economy- Farming (crops and dairy), merchants, tradesmen, lumber and shipbuilding Religion- Various faiths Government- Self- governing
Maryland - 1634 Founders- Cecil Calvert (Lord Baltimore) Settlers- Catholics and Protestants seeking religious and political freedom Climate- Cold rainy winters and hot, humid summers Geography- Low fertile land surrounding the Chesapeake Bay Economy- Farming (crops, beef, dairy), lumber, shipping, fishing, iron mining Religion- Various faiths, mostly Catholic Government- Self- governing
Virginia - 1607 Founders- Sir Walter Raleigh The Virginia Company Settlers- English landowners, skilled laborers, and people seeking profits Climate- Mild winters and hot humid summers Geography- Coastal lowlands, and wooded mountains Economy- Farming (plantations and small farms) Religion- Church of England (Anglican) Government- Self-governing
Georgia - 1732 Founders- King George II James Edward Oglethorpe Settlers- Debtors, Europeans seeking religious freedom, and cheap land Climate- Short mild winters, and long hot, humid summers Geography- Wetlands, red clay plains, forested mountains Economy- Farming (plantations and small farms) Religion- Various faiths Government- Self- governing
Settled Temp. Geography Economy Religion Government Mass. Puritan Harsh winters Coast pastures Crops lumber Puritan self Rhode Island Seeking religious freedom Hot summer Lowlands, Wooded Farming, Lumber, Whaling Various self Conn. Puritan mild summer Forested Seacoast Farming Fishing Puritan Self New York Dutch, English Humid summer Wetlands Mountains Furs trade Various Elected assembly Penn. Quakers Humid summer Maryland Catholic Rainy winter Virginia profitseekers Mild winter Georgia Debtors Mild winter Fertile Farming Various Self Fertile Lowlands mountains Farming Fishing Farming Catholic Church of England self Self Wetlands Farming Various self