European Airport Movement Management by A-SMGCS > a contribution to the vision 2020 and SESAR < Madrid Aerodays 31. March 2011
The Airport Deficiencies a short historical review 1995 Capacity Efficiency Safety Environmental impact Working Conditions The airport system is running more and more into the role of a bottle-neck on the ground The airport operations are much weather dependant 31.03.2011 Folie 2
The Airport Deficiencies the solution INSTITUTE OF FLIGHTGUIDANCE An Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS) is expected to provide adequate capacity and safety in relation to the specific weather conditions, traffic density and aerodrome layout by use of modern technologies and a high level of integration between the various functionalities... A-SMGCS should provide situation awareness not only to ATC but also to aircraft and vehicles.. It should support surveillance, routing/planning, guidance and control. 1 7 keywords: A-SMGCS aims to allow a safe and expeditious traffic flow on the airport movement area in all weather conditions 1: ICAO - MANUAL OF ADVANCED SURFACE MOVEMENT GUIDANCE AND CONTROL SYSTEMS, DOC 9830, FIRST EDITION 2004 31.03.2011 Folie 3
EU-Project EU-Framework Programme Duration Focus Demonstration Facilities for Airport Movement Management 4. 1996-1999 Demonstration of the technology Operational Benefits Evaluation by Testing an A-SMGCS 5. 2000-2002 First implementations under operational conditions European Airport Movement Management by A-SMGCS 6. 2004-2006 Paving the way to harmonise the implementation of A-SMGCS 1&2 EUROPEAN AIRPORT MOVEMENT MANAGEMENT BY A-SMGCS, Part 2 Part 2 2006-2009 and higher services 31.03.2011 Folie 4
Vision 2020 1 Growing air traffic: Worldwide 500% (Europe 300%) Punctuality: 99% of all flights within 15 minutes of the schedule, in all weather conditions. Time spent in airports: No more than 15 minutes for short haul flights, and 30 minutes for long haul. Safety: Aircraft will achieve a five-fold reduction in the average accident rate of global operators. Environmental Impact: A reduction in perceived noise and pollution of CO2 to one half of current average levels. 1: Published in January 2001 by Philippe Busquin, European Commissioner for Research 31.03.2011 Folie 5
A-SMGCS for Vision 2020 1. Weather independency 2. Punctuality 3. Safety 4. Environmental Impact 31.03.2011 Folie 6
EMM, GTD TCD, SMA HUD, DB Mode A/C/S SSR ADS-B 1090ES TAXI-CPDLC INSTITUTE OF FLIGHTGUIDANCE EMMA Services & Functions TAXI-CPDLC TAXI-CPDLC (ATN) (ATN) VDL2 Ground Radio Traffic Situation + Electronic Flight Strips TIS-B TIS-B Ground Station Surveillance Surveillance LAN Conflict Conflict Prediction, Prediction, Detection, Detection, and and Alerting Alerting Routing Planning Planning DMAN FDPS MET STAND 31.03.2011 Folie 7
EMMA Consortium 31.03.2011 Folie 8
EMMA Objectives Consolidation of higher A-SMGCS services in operational environment Surveillance Control Guidance Routing/ Planning Onboard Multilateration (Mode-S) ADS-B In / ADS-B Out TIS-B Monitoring & Alerting on RWY & TWY Electronic Flight Strips (EFS) CPDLC CPDLC guidance Switched stop bars DMAN Standard routes EMM + SMA + TCD based on TIS-B CPDLC with CDTI 31.03.2011 Folie 9
Simulation Platforms Airbus Cockpit Simulator Thales Cockpit Simulator DLR Cockpit Simulator (GECO) TU-D Cockpit Simulator NLR Tower Simulator DLR Tower Simulator (ATS) 31.03.2011 Folie 10
Simulation Platforms Real time simulation setups are integrated to initially check the operational feasibility to evaluate the potential for operational improvements to assess & tune the conflict monitoring and alerting function in safety critical situations to simulate mixed traffic (CPDLC and none equipped a/c) 31.03.2011 Folie 11
Field Test Platforms ETG GA Aircraft DLR Research Aircraft TUD Research Test Van Paris CDG (Data analysis) Prague Ruzyne Toulouse Blagnac Milano Malpensa 31.03.2011 Folie 12
Field Test Platforms Field trial setups are integrated to check the feasibility of alternative technological options to check the applicability to diverse airport environments to prove the operational feasibility in real life conditions 31.03.2011 Folie 13
Controller EFS INSTITUTE OF FLIGHTGUIDANCE TAXI-CPDLC DMAN Routing 31.03.2011 Folie 14
Extended EMM Electronic Moving Map Display (EMM) with own ship position on the airport map Ground Traffic Display (GTD) based on ADS-B / TIS-B Graphical taxi guidance by CPDLC Surface movement alerting (SMA) Traffic conflict display (TCD) 31.03.2011 Folie 15
TAXI-CPDLC TAXI-CPDLC Ground Application TAXI-CPDLC Onboard Application TEC EFS GEC EFS CDD EFS CDTI MUX Appl. I/O Appl. I/O Simulation Interface Server Appl. I/O DLCU Application Interface Server ASN.1 ATN Onbord Router VDL I/O Appl. I/O DLCU Application Interface Server ASN.1 ATN A/G Router VDL I/O VDL-2 Airborne Simulator VDL-2 Ground Station Controller VDL-2 Airborne Radio VDL-2 Ground Station Radio 31.03.2011 Folie 16
Surveillance via TIS-B for EMM INSTITUTE OF FLIGHTGUIDANCE TIS-B Ground Station CAT062 CAT062 TIS-B Transmitter 1090ES Track Reports TIS-B Server CAT022 CAT023 TIS-B Control Unit TIS-B Processor Unit 31.03.2011 Folie 17
Surveillance via TIS-B for EMM INSTITUTE OF FLIGHTGUIDANCE 31.03.2011 Folie 18
GA Integration of CDTI EMM into General Aviation Aircraft (Piper PA-28-181 Archer ll) 31.03.2011 Folie 19
ATTAS Integration of CDTI EMM in DLR Test Aircraft ATTAS (VFW614) CDTI (Funkwerk) VDL2 Taxi CPDLC Radio (SELEX) 31.03.2011 Folie 20
Statistic Results of BETA / EMMA (Manoeuvring area) Indicator Reported position accuracy Probability of detection Probability of false detection Probability of identification Probability of false identification Target report update rate Probability of Detection of an Alert Situation Measured 3.2 m 7.5 m 99.65% 99.98% 0% 0.07% 99.72% 100% 0% 0.47s 1s 100% Required 7.5 m 99.9% 0.001% 99.9% 0.001% 1s 99.9% 31.03.2011 Folie 21
EMMA Real Time Simulations (Prague) Connection Tower- / Cockpit-Sim. Complete A-SMGCS: Traffic Situation Display EFS incl. CPDLC Interface DMAN Routing Function RWY Incursion Alerting INSTITUTE OF FLIGHTGUIDANCE EMM incl. TIS-B & Guidance CDTI as Interface for CPDLC Communication 6 ATCOs, 8 Pilots, 25 DLR Pseudo Pilots 8 days, 38 trials á 1 h, 1500 movements 31.03.2011 Folie 22
Operational Feasibility ATCO Questionnaire 204 op. Requ. from EMMA2 Concept INSTITUTE OF FLIGHTGUIDANCE Pilot Questionnaire ID Mean Op. Requ. ID of QE-OF EMMA2 Operational Requirement item Comments (SPO R) QE-OF (* marks item signific.) GEN_Serv-01 An A-SMGCS should support the following primary functions: By definition a) Surveillance b) Routing By definition c) Guidance EMMA2 Checklist By definition d) Control By definition GEN_Serv-02_ In order to achieve the maximum benefits of each level of A- Planning SMGCS implementation, a supporting planning function with feedback By definition Function should be included. GEN_Serv-03_ A-SMGCS should be capable of operating at a specified N ot tested in EMMA2 in Visibility movement rate in visibility conditions down to AV OL. W hen Prague, but has been verified Conditions visibility conditions are reduced to below AVOL, an A- by operational use of A- SMGCS should provide for a reduction of surface movements SMGCS. of aircraft and vehicles to a level acceptable for the new situation. GEN_Serv-04_ The system should integrate movements to provide complete Provision of situational information to all users, 1-G 5,00* to 204 op. Requ. Infor mation and to provide conflict prediction and resolution for aircraft A utomated conflict resolution and vehicle movements. has not been addressed by EMMA2 in Prague. Verified Partly verified Not verified others Technically Checked 31.03.2011 Folie 23
Main Results Test Average Taxi Time Stop Time during taxiing R/T Communication (GEC position) Situational Awareness (scale 1 to 5) ATCO reaction time to a forced mistake Baseline 09:00 min 01:33 min 30 sec 4,08 6 sec CPDLC 08:30 min 01:09 min 18 sec 4,59 5,31 sec 50% of the a/c were CPDLC equipped 31.03.2011 Folie 24
Today A-SMGCS Status mapped on the E-OCVM Operational feasibility TAXI-CPDLC ROUTING a/c GTD Operational improvements EFS DMAN TSD RWY alerting 31.03.2011 25 Folie 25
Last Remarks It was shown again that the quality of the discussed higher services, which include several planning, guidance and alerting tools, depends on the quality of the available surveillance information. ADS-B Out is currently not suitable for A-SMGCS purposes, as A-SMGCS requirements have not been considered in specifying transponder standards. ADS-B accuracy doesn t meet the A-SMGCS requirements defined in ICAO and the position reports have no time stamp. Even the ATSA-SURF standard with 24m accuracy and 3 seconds delay will not meet A-SMGCS specifications regarding the ICAO definitions. 31.03.2011 Folie 26
SESAR alignment In the meantime the SESAR has started, covering all aspects of the future European ATM system, including also aspects of airport surface management. In the SESAR Gate to Gate concept the airport operations have become an integral part in which the A-SMGCS concept is identified to contribute to the SESAR programme. SESAR should continue the higher services data link for taxi clearances SESAR WP6.7.3 Safety net / conformance monitoring SESAR WP6.7.1 Planning SESAR WP6.7.2 and the regarding technical WPs 31.03.2011 Folie 27
Thank you for your attention! INSTITUTE OF FLIGHTGUIDANCE Questions? www.dlr.de/a-smgcs www.dlr.de/emma www.dlr.de/emma2 31.03.2011 Folie 28