How much will the SDGs cost and can developing countries afford them? Chris Hoy, Independent Consultant and PhD Econ. Candidate

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How much will the SDGs cost and can developing countries afford them? Chris Hoy, Independent Consultant and PhD Econ. Candidate

To implement the SDGs, national governments and aid donors need to know 1. How much the SDGs will cost? 2. Can developing countries afford them? Source: Romilly Greenhill, Chris Hoy, Paddy Carter, Marcus Manuel (215) Financing the Future Overseas Development Institute.

How much will the SDGs cost? 1. Ending Extreme Poverty 2. Universal primary health care 3. Universal secondary school completion

Somalia Malawi Burundi Central African Republic Congo DRC Liberia Niger Madagascar Guinea Ethiopia Eritrea Gambia Uganda Guinea-Bissau Togo North Korea Mozambique Rwanda Tanzania Burkina Faso Mali Sierra Leone Afghanistan Nepal Benin Haiti Zimbabwe Bangladesh Kenya Cambodia Tajikistan Chad Myanmar Mauritania Senegal South Sudan Sudan Kyrgyz Republic Cameroon Yemen, Rep. Côte d'ivoire Pakistan Lao PDR Zambia Lesotho India Vietnam Syria Ghana Nicaragua Papua New Guinea Honduras Bolivia Congo, Rep. Nigeria Morocco Swaziland Egypt Sri Lanka Philippines Guatemala Georgia Indonesia Timor-Leste El Salvador Mongolia Armenia Kosovo Paraguay Tunisia Annual cost per person ($US 213) Ending Extreme Poverty Cost of Poverty SDG Target in LICs and LMICs 6 5 4 3 2 1 Poverty Countries ranked by GNI per person (Atlas Method) from left to right

Somalia Malawi Burundi Central African Republic Congo DRC Liberia Niger Madagascar Guinea Ethiopia Eritrea Gambia Uganda Guinea-Bissau Togo North Korea Mozambique Rwanda Tanzania Burkina Faso Mali Sierra Leone Afghanistan Nepal Benin Haiti Zimbabwe Bangladesh Kenya Cambodia Tajikistan Chad Myanmar Mauritania Senegal South Sudan Sudan Kyrgyz Republic Cameroon Yemen, Rep. Côte d'ivoire Pakistan Lao PDR Zambia Lesotho India Vietnam Syria Ghana Nicaragua Papua New Guinea Honduras Bolivia Congo, Rep. Nigeria Morocco Swaziland Egypt Sri Lanka Philippines Guatemala Georgia Indonesia Timor-Leste El Salvador Mongolia Armenia Kosovo Paraguay Tunisia Annual cost per person ($US 213) + Universal Health Care Cost of Poverty and Health SDG Targets in LICs and LMICs 6 5 4 3 2 1 Health Poverty Countries ranked by GNI per person (Atlas Method) from left to right

Somalia Malawi Burundi Central African Republic Congo DRC Liberia Niger Madagascar Guinea Ethiopia Eritrea Gambia Uganda Guinea-Bissau Togo North Korea Mozambique Rwanda Tanzania Burkina Faso Mali Sierra Leone Afghanistan Nepal Benin Haiti Zimbabwe Bangladesh Kenya Cambodia Tajikistan Chad Myanmar Mauritania Senegal South Sudan Sudan Kyrgyz Republic Cameroon Yemen, Rep. Côte d'ivoire Pakistan Lao PDR Zambia Lesotho India Vietnam Syria Ghana Nicaragua Papua New Guinea Honduras Bolivia Congo, Rep. Nigeria Morocco Swaziland Egypt Sri Lanka Philippines Guatemala Georgia Indonesia Timor-Leste El Salvador Mongolia Armenia Kosovo Paraguay Tunisia Annual cost per person ($US 213) + Universal Secondary School Provision Cost of Poverty, Health and Education SDG Targets in LICs and LMICs 6 5 4 3 2 1 Education Health Poverty Countries ranked by GNI per person (Atlas Method) from left to right

Can developing countries afford them? 1. Government Revenue 2. Aid

Annual cost per person (US$ 213) Government Revenue Government revenue available LICs 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Countries ranked by GNI per person (Atlas Method) from left to right Revenue Capacity

Annual cost per person (US$ 213) + Aid Public Finance (Government Revenue + Aid) available LICs 25 2 15 1 5 Countries ranked by GNI per person (Atlas Method) from left to right Revenue Capacity Aid

Annual cost per person (US$ 213) Public Finance vs Cost of SDGs in LICs Public Finance available vs Cost of key SDG targets LICs 3 25 2 15 1 5 Countries ranked by GNI per person (Atlas Method) from left to right Revenue Capacity Aid Cost of SDG targets

Annual cost per person (US$ 213) Public Finance vs Cost of SDGs in LMICs Public Finance available vs Cost of key SDG targets LMICs 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Countries ranked by GNI per capita (Atlas Method) from left to right Revenue Capacity Aid Cost of SDG targets

Limitations of the analysis 1. Focus on public finance 2. Assumes half of government revenue and aid will be spent on these targets 3. Only examines countries with over 1 million people and at least 1% of their population in extreme poverty 4. Does not factor in additional cost of reaching the last mile

Key Recommendation is to provide 5% of aid budgets to Least Developed Countries

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