NATURA MONTENEGRINA, Podgorica, 2013, 12(3-4):

NATURA MONTENEGRINA, Podgorica, 2013, 12(3-4):863-874 ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER MORPHOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION OF POPULATION OF WHITE-CLAWED CRAYFISH Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858) IN BUNA RIVER (MOSTAR MUNICIPALITY, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA) Denisa ŽUJO ZEKIĆ 1, Aida ABAZA 2 and Aida P E L O 3 1 Biology Department, Teachers Faculty, University Džemal Bijedić ; USRC Mithad Hujdur Hujka, Sjeverni logor bb., 88104 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. E-mail: denisa@unmo.ba 2 Biology Department, Teachers Faculty, University Džemal Bijedić ; USRC Mithad Hujdur Hujka, Sjeverni logor bb., 88104 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina 3 Student Master studies at the Biology Department, Teachers Faculty, University Džemal Bijedić ; USRC Mithad Hujdur Hujka, Sjeverni logor bb., 88104 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina Key words: Austropotamobius pallipes, morphometric characters, River Buna ecosystem, IUCN Red List, geographical position. SYNOPSIS Analyzing the environmental characteristics of habitat of white-clawed crayfish in the catchment area of the river Buna confirmed the presence of the species Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858) at six selected sites: Source of river Buna, Virić, Karadzoz-Begov Bridge, Ada, Kotao and Bunica. The quarterly monitoring (June, July and August, 2012) on the river Buna in Catch sample recorded 51 individual species Austropotamobius pallipes (37 female individuals and 14 males). To all catched speciments in addition to sex composition, mass is determined and six more moremorphometric characters anylised. The data collected enabled the creation of a map of the distribution of A. pallipes in the longitudinal profile of the Buna. In a survey of distribution of individuals in the respective localities Catch observed an increased number of A. pallipes in the upper part (the very source of the Buna), although this site is exposed to anthropogenic impact. In addition, the greater number of female speciments indicates population stability of the white-clawed crayfish in this aquatic ecosystem. Ključne riječi: Austropotamobius pallipes, morfometrijski karakteri, ekosistem rijeke Bune, Crvena lista ugroženih životinjskih vrsta (IUCN), distribucija. SINOPSIS Analizirajući ekološke osobenosti habitata bjelonogog raka na slivnom području rijeke Bune potvrđeno je prisustvo vrste Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858) na šest označenih lokaliteta: Vrelo Bune, Virić, Karadžoz - Begov most, Ada, Kotao i Bunica. U tromjesečnom monitoringu (juni, juli i august, 2012) na rijeci Buni u izlovnom uzorku zabilježena je 51 jedinka vrste Austropotamobius pallipes (37 jedinki ženskog i 14 jedinki muškog 863

Natura Montenegrina 12(3-4), 2013 spola). Svim izlovljenim primjercima, pored spolne strukture, određena je masa te analizirano šest morfometrijskih karaktera. Prikupljeni podaci omogućili su kreiranje karte distribucije za vrstu A. pallipes na longitudinalnom profilu rijeke Bune. Pri pregledu stanja distribucije jedinki na pojedinačnim izlovnim lokalitetima uočena je povećana brojnost A. pallipes u gornjem toku (uz sami izvor rijeke Bune), iako je ovaj lokalitet izložen antropogenom utjecaju. Uz to veća brojnost jedinki ženskog spola ukazuje na stabilnost populacije bjelonogog raka u ovom vodenom ekosistemu. INTRODUCTION In Europe today lives five species of native freshwater crayfish from the family Astacidae: Astacus astacus (Linnaeus, 1758) - a river or Noble crayfish; Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) - the Danube crayfish, Turkish crayfish; Astacus pachypus (Rathke, 1837) - Thick-clawed crayfish; Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858) - White-clawed crayfish and Austropotamobius torrentium (Schrank, 1803) - or Stone Crayfish. Phylogenetically younger genus Astacus widespread throughout Europe except for the Iberian Peninsula, while the genus Austropotamobius (Skorikow, 1907), has a smaller areal. In the area of the Balkan Peninsula the presence of the white-clawed crayfish was observed in Slovenia, Montenegro and Croatia and with a number of findings: Vransko lake (Cres island), Gornji Kosinj, Zrmanja, Krupa, Cetina i Krka (Brusina, 1995). In Bosnia and Herzegovina information about river crayfish family Astacidae we can find in the works of:entz, 1914; Karaman, 1929; M. Karaman, 1961, 1962, 1963; Albrecht, 1982; Trožić-Borovac et al., 2007; Simić et al. 2008. To date in the literature has been registered the fact Trožić-Borovac (2011) which states the presence of white-clawed crayfish in the Buna River tributary of the Neretva River. White-clawed crayfish research has always attracted attention, and for this reason there were many works published and the main theme was the distribution, biology and genetics of Austropotamobius pallipes. Within this kind of white-clawed crayfish were identified large variation in morphological characteristics in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Trožić-Borovac (2012) states that individuals of this species from the Neretva basin vary considerably in wide rostrum compared to individuals of the same species in the catchment area of the river Una. Variations of morphological characteristics were also recorded within the same river ecosystems. Maguire et al. (2009) reported that the Austropotamobius pallipes is one of the native European species of crayfish and Adriatic basin is one of the areas which this species inhabits. In addition they state that determination of large population of white-clawed is a big problem becuse complex taxonomic relationships between 864

Žujo Zekić et al.: MORPHOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION OF POPULATION... individuals of white-clawed and specimens Austropotamobius torrentium (Schrank, 1803), represent an aggravating circumstance of morphological characteristics and determining the exact distribution. Galetović et al. (2009) reported that the family Astacidae in the rivers of Europe represented by five species and four species from this family are present in Croatian rivers: Astacus astacus (Linnaeus, 1758), Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823), Austropotamobius torrentium (Schrank, 1803) and Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858). All four species are listed on the IUCN list of threatened species. Galetović et al. (2009) and Futo (2009) reported the distribution of white-clawed crayfish except in Croatian rivers and other rivers of the Adriatic catchment area including rivers of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Adriatic catchment area belongs to the Neretva River with its 10 tributaries and one of them is the river Buna. Buna River rises 300 meters southwest of the city Blagaj, under bare rock massif, one of the branches of the mountain Velež. Buna is a left tributary of the Neretva River which flows about 15 km downstream of Mostar in Buna. Prior to the sources, Buna underground runs 19.5 kilometers and Blagaj appears as the strongest source in Europe with a strength of 43 m³/s. Through Blagaj Buna flows like a river 9 km of depth with two tributaries (Posrt and Bunica). Buna has the highest level in November and the lowest in July and August. It is characterized by specific ecological characteristics that are caused by karst terrain through which it flows. In the whole course of the river flow the slope changes from 7 to 10% which causes a rapid motion and mixing of water throughout the water column. The rapid movement and mixing of water is a large amount of dissolved oxygen and its monotonous schedule throughout the course of the river (Mičijević, 2004). Such biological profile of the river corresponds withbiology of white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858). This is the main reason why this kind has found their habitat in the river ecosystem and the goal of the work gives the need for research and confirms the exact distribution of the population of white-clawed crayfish course of the river Buna to six bivalve harvesting sites. MATERIALS AND METHODS This paper provides an overview of previous literature data on the types of research Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858) on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina which range from Karaman (1929) (although there were some previous knowledge of the crayfish stated (Entz, 1914; Karaman, 1961, 1962, 1963; Albrecht, 1982; Maguire et al. 2003; Trožić-Borovac et al. 2007; Žujo Zekić et al. 2010; Žujo Zekić & Boškailo, 2013). Newer white-clawed crayfish is the result of my own field recordings, realized the season spring - summer (June, July and August), 2012. Field research was conducted on the whole catchment area of the river Buna. For study was selected six bivalve harvesting sites in which 51 individual white- 865

Natura Montenegrina 12(3-4), 2013 clawed crayfish were cought. Three fishing sites were located in the upper part of the river close to the very source of the Buna, while the other three consisted of the central river. The catch of specimens was performed manually and determination is the key used to determine crayfish (Füreder and Machine, 2002). Determining the sex structure of the white-clawed crayfish population was performed by dissection method known as gonads. Besides determination of sex six morphometric characteristics of the body were anylised (Figure 1.). Statistical analysis of the results was in the use of descriptive and comparative statistical procedures using the software program "SPSS for Windows 17.0." Photos are recorded with the camera brand Samsung A760. Weigh specimens was performed on a digital scale. Upon measurement and analysis for morphometric characteristics all the specimens were stored in 70% ethyl alcohol together with supporting data. At each locality altitude, latitude and longitude were determined (GPS device by Garmin - Colorado 400t GPS receiver ). Collected data enabled the creation of online distribution of Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858) on the longitudinal profile of the Buna. Figure 1: List of abbreviations morphometric characteristics of the body and their meaning (Sint et al. 2005): TL - The total length; CLH - Length of pliers; CPL - Length of the palm; CLW - Width of pliers; HEL - Head length; ROW - Length of the rostrum. (photo: A. Pelo). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The presence of white-clawed crayfish in the Buna River as one of the rivers of the Adriatic catchment area confirmed the allegations by Hobbs (1988), Galetović et al. (2009) and Futo (2009) who said that crayfish deer inhabit the rivers of the 866

Žujo Zekić et al.: MORPHOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION OF POPULATION... Adriatic catchment area. During research on the river Buna concluded of 51 individual white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858). Catch at all sites was observed heterogeneity in terms of the number of individuals as well as the unequal number of the sexes (Chart 1.). Of the total number of harvested animals identified 37 female and 14 male individuals, which has a percentage ratio of 72% of females compared to 28% of males. Chart 1. The relationship between genders by catch localities. Trouilhé et al. (2007) stated that the analysis of morphometric characteristics is necessary when investigating individuals and learn about their biology, although there are also contrary to the assertions of the above. According to Swain & Foote (1999) variations in morphology are not necessarily associated with variations in genotype but phenotypic changes may indicate the beginning of a longer separation and differentiation and specific adjustments to new conditions without changing the genotype. Therefore, the morphometric methods may prove more suitable for the study of short-term consequences of the environment or the beginning of differentiation in relation to genetic research. Sint et al. (2005) reported that the results of morphometric measurements can be used to separate populations or segments of the population, a multivariate discriminant analysis can be applied in order to isolate those morphological features that characterize a particular population and on the basis of which the population is clearly separated. Research in this paper were included in analysis of six morphometric linear categories (body length, length and width of pliers, length of the palm, head length, the length of the rostrum), as well as the determination of the mass of the body. Statistical analysis of the results was in the use of descriptive and comparative statistical procedures using the software program "SPSS for Windows 17.0." Table 3 shows the results of morphometric parameters calculated by using standard descriptive statistical methods. All these morphometric characteristics belong to 867

Natura Montenegrina 12(3-4), 2013 ratio scale (because results expressed in SI unit system that is in centimeters and grams (Table 2.). Results show that the minimum mass of white-clawed crayfish in the study sample was 12 g and the maximum weight of individuals was 35 g.largest number of analyzed individuals had the body weight of 15 g, while the standard deviation in the study sample was 7.03 g. In the analyzed sample minimum body height is reached 6 cm, while the maximum body height was 9 cm. Table 2. Values of morphometric characters. Mass (m) in g The total length (TL) in cm Length of pliers (CLH) in cm Length of the palm (CPL) in cm Width of pliers (CLW) in cm Head length (HEL) in cm Length of the rostrum (ROW) in cm 15 14 6.50 2.00 3.00 9.00 3.00 12.00 6.00 4.50 1.30 2.00 6.00 2.30 35,00 9.00 7.50 2.30 3.50 9.50 4.50 7.03 1.58 0.63 0.22 0.32 0.85 0.61. The average body length was 14 cm, while the standard deviation was 1.58 cm. The minimum length of the forceps was 4.50 cm, while the maximum length was 7.50 cm. The average length of forceps was 6.50 cm, while the standard deviation was 0.63. The minimum length of the palm was 1.30 cm, while the highest recorded value was 30.2 cm. The average length of the palm is 2.00 cm, and the standard deviation had a value of 0.22 cm. The minimum width of forceps was 2.00 cm, while the highest was 3.50 cm. The average length of forceps was 3.00 cm. Length of the head had the lowest value between 6.00 cm and the maximum length was 9.50 cm. The average head lenght of the white-clawed crayfish population was 9 cm. The minimum of the rostrum was 2.30 cm and the maximum was 4.50 cm while the average length was 3 cm. With the help of comparative statistical procedure the relationship between morphometric parameters was anylised using the T-test large independent samples. Comparative statistics ie T-test analyzed the relationship between morphometric body caracteristics. From the results obtained it was concluded that there was no statistically significant difference among the five parameters of the examined body (total body length, length of pliers, palm length, and length of the pliers head). A statistically significant difference is observed on the basis of the level (Sig-level of significance), which in obtained results was greater than p <0, 05. A statistically significant difference existed only between the rostrum, where the level of significance was 0, 149 Analyzing the environmental characteristics of habitat white-clawed crayfish in the catchment area of the river Buna recorded the presence of this species at six 868

Žujo Zekić et al.: MORPHOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION OF POPULATION... locations: Source of the river Buna, Virić, Karadžoz-Begov bridge, Ada, Kotao and Bunica (Map 1.). Location 1; Source of the river Buna (coordinates: 43 15'27.23 "S and 17 54'11.33" I, 103 m asl) is a site that is close to the cliff, below which flows the river Buna. The lower limit of the site extended to the wooden bridge restaurant "Hladovina". Closenes of the source caused the high concentration of oxygen and a large water flow. The riverbed is narrow and the river surface is mostly rocky. This site is under a strong human influence because on both sides of the river there are a large number of restaurants. The largest number of individuals of white-clawed crayfish was observed in the first Catch locality, ie the source spring of the Buna. On this site were total of 19 individuals caught, which makes 37% of the total number of harvested populations. Increased number of white-clawed crayfish specimens on this site is possible due to the purity of water because at this site Buna River originates below the limestone cliff of 200 meters. Brown & Bowler (1977) suggest that the crayfish are good bio-indicators of water quality and their abundance in this location indicates that the quality of the Buna River at its source is at a satisfactory level. In addition, in this Catch locality on both sides of the river flow there are a large number of restaurants. However, in spite of such an environment white-clawed crayfish manages to survive with expressed human impact. What can be explained with the statement stated by Trontelj et al. (2005), which state that white-clawed crayfish has a wide range of tolerance to 19 physico-chemical parameters of water, and can survive in rivers whose annual temperature does not exceed 20 ºC with a minimum concentration of oxygen. In addition, on this site Catch of the total number of harvested animals recorded an increased number of females. In a sample of 19 individuals, 16 females and 3 males were trapped and the percentage represented is 84% females and 16% males. Location 2; Virić (coordinates: 43 15'23.78 "S and 17 53'50.75" E, 39 m asl) is located 300 meters from the lower limit of the previous sites. The river bed is much wider than the previous site, and the water level of the river, for the most part of the year, is low and is poorly covered with vegetation. On this site there has been much less human impact than the previous site. Catch on this site, which is located 300 meters downstream of the Buna concluded the 10 individuals who form 19% of the harvested population of the white-clawed crayfish.on this site Catch there is more females and account for 60% of the total sample population, while in males, accounts for 40% fished populations. Location 3; Karadžoz - begov bridge (coordinates: 43 15'20.76 "S and 17 53'43.93" I, 42 m asl) is a site that ran the 800 meters downstream from the source of the Buna. Riverbed in this part of the river is much narrower compared to the locality Virić, therefore the water level of the river throughout the year is high. The riverbed is rocky and partly covered with underwater vegetation. At the site seven individuals were caught seven and they form 13% of the total number of collected 869

Natura Montenegrina 12(3-4), 2013 samples. Also on this site is recorded percentage dominance of females over males in the ratio of 71% female / 29% male. Buna Map 1. Schematic representation of a water catchment area of the river Buna with marked catch localities: Vrelo Bune, Virić, Karadžoz-begov bridge, Ada, Kotao and Bunica. Location 4; Ada (coordinates: 43 15'28.89 "N and 17 53'9.28" E, 65 m asl) is located in the middle section of the river Buna. This site during the summer months serves as public pool while the surrounding meadows are used for grazing cattle. Riverbed in this part of the river is narrow and because of that the water level is high throughout the year. The sample consisted of six individuals which makes 11% of cought material. The numerical advantage of females was also recorded at this site as well as the previous one. Percentage ratio of females in comparison to males ranged 83% of females, compared to 27% males. Location 5; Kotao (coordinates: 43 14'42.37 "S and 17 51'8.27", 33 m asl) is a site that is located on the river Posrt.It covers the river from the bridge to the village Kosor and all the way to the mouth of the river Buna. Riverbed at this site is narrow, water level and flow of water depends on the amount of rainfall. Riverbed is mostly covered with sand and at the mouth of the river Buna the riverbed is covered with abundant aquatic vegetation. On this site Catch there were only three specimens cought which makes 5% of the sample population. Location 6; Bunica (coordinates: 43 14'39.89 "S and 17 51'7.94" and, 33 m asl) is a left tributary of the Buna and its length is about 6 km. It arises from the hot springs (spring Bunica) as a continuation of the underground flow. Originating in place between the villages of Hodbina and Malo Polje and meanders through the fields before the mouth of the Buna near the village of Buna.This catch site is 870

Žujo Zekić et al.: MORPHOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION OF POPULATION... located at the mouth of the river Bunica in Buna. The site records the rocky riverbed overgrown with aquatic vegetation, water transparency is high which favors the biology of the species. In mentioned Bunica site which is located on the eponymous river there were six individuals trapped who form 11% of the population, and there was a greater number of females compared to males (66% vs 36%). Chart 2. The number of individuals per Catch localities. Based on these data we can conclude that the number of individuals of whiteclawed crayfish is not uniform in all Catch localities and within these sites there is a big difference in numbers between males and females (Chart 2.). These results agree with the data Trouilhé et al. (2007), which indicate an uneven and limited number of white-clawed crayfish in the same ecosystem of a river and the increased number of female, which is a good indication of the survival of the population in an aquatic ecosystem. CONCLUSION Due to the high water volume and the position of the source Buna has become one of the most famous rivers in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and beyond. However, despite such importance is very little scientific research publications whose recent research topics covered this unique habitat. Also, to date, very few research papers were published relating to the exact distribution of white-clawed crayfish in the Neretva river, as well as its tributaries, including the river Buna. On the basis of the relevant research actualized to six bivalve harvesting sites listed are the facts on which to conclude that the population of white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius 871

Natura Montenegrina 12(3-4), 2013 pallipes (Lereboullet 1858) is represented in the Buna River. When comparing the number of individuals per Catch localities it reveals greater abundance in the upper course of the very source of the Buna, although the site is hugely exposed to anthropogenic impacts. Also in all Catch localities the dominance of females has been noted. This fact points to the stability of the population white-clawed crayfish in this aquatic ecosystem. Based on the above, we conclude that the priority is taking concrete measures to protect the waterways in order to determine the exact distribution of populations of white-clawed crayfish in our rivers. Such research would indicate the degree of endangered native species in Europe, whose status in our rivers are still not accurately determined. REFERENCES: Albrecht, H. 1982. Das System der europäischen Fluβkrebse (Decapoda, Astacidae): Vorschlag und Begrǘndung. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 79: 187-210. Brusina, S. 1995. Prilog za faunu reka Dalmacije i Jadranskog mora. In: J. BALABANIĆ /ed./. Naravoslovne crtice sa sjeveristočne obale Jadranskog mora. (Dom i svijet, HAZU, Hrvatski prirodoslovni muzej, Zagreb), 360-391. Brown, D., Bowler, K. 1977. A population study of the British freshwater crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet). Freshwater Crayfish 3: 33-49. Entz, G. 1914. Űber die Flusskrebse Ungarns. Mathematische und Naturwissenschaftlische Berichte aus Ungarn, /1912/ 30: 67-127, 4 pls. (Leipzig). Futo, M. 2009. Filogenija vrste Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858) na osnovi analize biljega 16S i COI na mitohondrijskoj DNA. Diplomski rad. Prirodoslovnomatematički fakultet Zagreb, 90 str. Fǘreder, L. & Machino, Y. 2002. A revised determination key of freshwater crayfish in Europe. Ber. Nat.-med. Verein Innsbruck, 89: 169-178, Innsbruck. Galetović, S., Rakovac, C., Rozelinda, A., Topić, P., Strunjak-Perović, N., Jadan, A., Margita, S. 2009. Freshwater crayfish in Croatia // Proceedings of the International Scientific Meeting of Anatomy and Physiology, Fundamentals of Medicine, 89-93. Hobbs, H.H. 1988. Crayfish distribution, adaptive radiation and evolution. Freshwater Crayfish: Biology, Menagment and Exploitation, (eds D.M. Holdich & R.S. Lowery), pp. 52-82. Croom Helm, London. Karaman, S. 1929. Die Potamobiiden Jugoslaviens. Glasnik zemaljskog muzeja u Bosni i Hercegovini, 41: 147-150. Karaman, M.S. 1961. Slatkovodni rakovi Jugoslavije. Publikacije stručnog udruženja za unapređenje slatkovodnog ribarstva Jugoslavije, 3: 1-33. Karaman, M.S. 1962. Ein beitrag zur systematik der Astacidae. Crustaceana 3:174 191. 872

Žujo Zekić et al.: MORPHOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION OF POPULATION... Karaman, M.S. 1963. Studie der Astacidae (Crustacea, Decapoda). Hydrobiologia 22:111 132. Maguire, I., Klobučar, G.I.V., Matočec, S.G., Erben, R. 2003. Distribution of Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet) in Croatia and notes on its morphology. Bulletin Francais de la Peche et de la Pisciculture, 370 (71), 57 71. Maguire, I., Franjević, D., Futo, M., Gottstein, S., Šrut, M., Klobučar, G. 2009. Molekularno filogenetski odnosi populacija vrste bjelonogog raka Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet,1858), Zbornik sažetaka/10. hrvatski biološki kongres s međunarodnim sudjelovanjem 14.-20. rujna 2009. Zagreb, Hrvatsko biološko društvo 1885, 83-84. Mičijević, S., 2004. Blagaj. CIP kategorizacija u publikaciji gradska knjižnica Mostar. Sint, D., Dalla Via, J., Füreder, L. 2005. Morphological variations in Astacus astacus L and Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet) populations. In: European native crayfish in relation to land-use and habitat deterioration with a special focus on Austropotamobius torrentium CRAY-NET, Vol.4, (eds L. Füreder, C. Souty-Grosset) Bull. Fr. Pêche Piscic, 376-377, 637-652. Skorikov (= Skorikoff, Skorikow), A. S., 1907. Catalogue des objects exsposés par A.S. Skorikoff. Expedition maritime internationale de Bordeaux section Russse, 1907. Swain, D.P., Foote, C.J. 1999. Stock and chameleons: the use of phenotypic variation in stock identification. Fish. Res. 43, 113-128. Simić, V., Petrović, A.,.Rajković, M., Paunović, M. 2008. Crayfish of Serband Montenergo The population status and the level of enangermen crustaceana 81 (10): 1153-1176. Trontelj, P., Machino,Y., Sket, B. 2005. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships in the crayfish genus Austropotamobius inferred from mitochondrial COI gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetic and Evolution, 34: 212-226. Trouilhé, M. C., Souty-Grosset, C., Grandjean, F., Parinet, B. 2007. Physical and chemical water requirements of the white-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes) in western France. Aqu Conserv. 17, 520-538. Trožić-Borovac, S., Deljanin, L., Dautbašić, M. 2007. Ecological and biosystematic characteristics of stone crayfish Austropotamobius torrentium (Shrank, 1803.) from the nahorevo brook. works of the faculty of forestry, University of Sarajevo, no. 1: 39-55. Trožić-Borovac, S. 2011. Distribucija bjelonogog raka Austropotamobius pallipes species complex (Astacoidea; Astacidae) u Bosni i Hercegovini. Posebna izdanja/special Editions CxLIx odjeljenje prirodnih i matematičkih nauka. Zbornik radova/proceedings 23, 153-166. Trožić-Borovac, S. 2012. Distribucija bjelonogog raka Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858) species complex (Astacoidea Latreille, 1802; Astacidae Latreille, 1802) u Bosni i Hercegovine. Zbornik radova Struktura i dinamika ekosistema Dinarida stanje, mogućnosti i perspektive. Posebno izdanje CXLIX. Akademija nauka Bosne i Hercegovine. Sarajevo, 23, 153-166. Жујо Зекић, Д., Лело, С., Бошкаило, А., Харачић Т. 2010. Компаративни пријеглед података о налазима ријечних ракова (Decapoda: Pleocyemata, Astacidae) у ријеци 873

Natura Montenegrina 12(3-4), 2013 Брегави (Опћина Столац). II Симпозијум биолога Републике Српске, Бања Лука, 4. 6. новембар 2010. Године. Žujo Zekić, D., Boškailo, A. 2013. Stanje populacije bjelonogog raka Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858) u rijeci Bregavi kao bioindikatora čistih voda. 9. Međunarodna konferencija RIM 2013, razvoj i modernizacija proizvodnje, 25 28 septembar, Budva Crna Gora (in press). RECEIVED: 31 July 2013. 874