Topics Review: The Age of Santa Anna Texas Revolution 1835-1836 Mexican-American War 1846-1848 Exam Oct. 28 (1521-1850) 1
Mexican Politics during the 19 th Century Overall instability Military dominated politics: 1821-1860 Mexico had 50 presidents, 35 of whom were army officers (caudillos) who took over after coups 1821 Iturbide Empire: Constitutional Monarchy 1824-1835 Federalist Republic: Constitution 1835-1846 Centralist Republic: new Constitution called Siete Leyes 1846-1863 Federalist Republic 1863-1867 2 nd Empire 1867-1876 Restored Republic Foreign Invasions Spanish Invasion 1829 Texas Revolution 1836 Pastry War (France) 1838 Mexican-American War 1846-1848 French Intervention 1861-1867 2
Mexican Constitution 1824 Creates a federal republic Modeled on U.S. 19 states 4 territories State legislature voted for president 3
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Mexican Republic 1824 Guadalupe Victoria 1824-1829 1 st president Federalist York Rite Masons (Yorquinos) Nicolas Bravo Vice-President Centralist Scottish Rite (Escoseses) Revolts against Victoria 1827 6
Miguel Gomez Pedraza Conservative Wins election of 1828 Overthrown by Santa Anna & Federalists Vicente Guerrero April-Dec. 1829 2 nd president Federalist take power by force Anti-slavery law 7
Spanish Invasion 1829 3000 Spanish troops from Cuba Lands in Tampico, Tamaulipas Santa Anna repels invasion Nation hero Vencedor de Tampico Salvador de País 8
Anastasio Bustamante (president 3x) 1830-1832 Conservative Vice-president Overthrows Guerrero s govt. & executes Guerrero 9
Bustamante govt. overthrown Elections of 1833 President Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Vice President Valentin Gomez Farias Liberals Santa Anna retires, vice president governs Reduce the size of military Abolish military fueros Secularize education & mission in CA Conservative revolts under Santa Anna Abolish 1824 Constitution Siete Leyes or Constitution of 1836 10
Texas Stephen Austin empresario 300 Families cotton plantations 11
Texas Colonization Law 1824 Plan intended to populate the region Develop the region economically Immigrants Must: Adopt Mexican citizenship Be or become Catholics 12
Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 13
Major Battles in the Texas Revolution, 1835 1836 14
Issues between Americans and Mexican government 1824 Coahuila y Texas joined 1829 Anti-Slavery legislation 1830 Immigration Ban Change to a centralist government, which did away with the 1824 Constitution 15
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Battle of San Jacinto 17
The Treaty of Velasco Highly controversial treaty due to: Establishes the Republic of Texas Boundary line at the Rio Grande Mexico s refusal to ratify the agreement 18
Pastry War 1838 1828 French bakery destroyed by Mexican troops 600,000 pesos demand from Mexican government. Santa Anna hero 19
Antonio de Padua María Severino López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vvz1lnvrdhs General Santa Anna's Wooden Leg (Illinois State Military Museum) 20
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Topics Mexican-American War 1846-1848 22
The Texas Republic Lone Star Republic 1836-1845 Admitted as a state of the United States in 1845 as a slave state Rio Grande as border 23
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American Progress 1872 The Removal of the Native Americans to the West, 1820 1840 25
California Hide-Tallow Trade Mexican Economy U.S. Economy New Mexico Santa Fe Trade Texas Austin Colony 26
Causes of Mexican-American War Texas border dispute Annexation of Texas U.S. Expansionist policy Thornton Affair (immediate cause) 27
Events leading to the war with Mexico 1844 Election of James Polk 1845 November Slidell Mission 1845 December Texas enters the Union Thornton Affair 1846 May Polk informs Congress that Mexico has shed American blood on American soil. Congress declares war 28
Mexican-American War 1846-1848 29
Battle of Old Woman s Gun (Oct. 1846) Capitulation of Cahuenga January 13, 1847 30
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Saint Patrick s Battalion in Mexican Army John O Reilly Made up of Irish and other Europeans http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=n5kh6vb8 dfi 32
Battle of Los Niños Heroes Juan Escutia Story is popularized in the early 20 th Century Chapultepec 33
General Winfield Scott's entrance into Mexico City, September 14, 1847, is depicted in this print by Carl Nebel 34
1848 Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo Peace treaty signed February 2, 1848 in the Guadalupe Hidalgo Ended the Mexican-American War. Recognizes Rio Grande as the border with Texas Mexico ceded 55% of its territory for $15 million and 3.25 million claims of U.S. citizens. 2 Views of Treaty Economic subordination Treaty of Recovery 35
Caste War in Yucatan 1847 Govt. change to centralist Increase taxation Mayas called to end discrimination Race war British support 36